CN119889141A - Sputum suction training model - Google Patents
Sputum suction training model Download PDFInfo
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- CN119889141A CN119889141A CN202510089697.2A CN202510089697A CN119889141A CN 119889141 A CN119889141 A CN 119889141A CN 202510089697 A CN202510089697 A CN 202510089697A CN 119889141 A CN119889141 A CN 119889141A
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
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Abstract
The invention provides a sputum suction training model which comprises an air channel model, a sputum storage barrel, a sputum suction pipe, a sputum conveying device and a sputum suction device, wherein the sputum conveying device comprises a sputum conveying pipe connected with the sputum storage barrel and a plurality of sputum conveying heads connected with the sputum conveying pipe and arranged in the air channel model, a negative pressure pump for sucking out simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel into the air channel model is arranged at the position of each sputum conveying head, an outlet of the sputum suction pipe is connected with an inlet of the sputum storage barrel, negative pressure is generated by the sputum suction device, and the simulated sputum in the air channel model is sucked out through the sputum suction pipe and discharged into the sputum storage barrel. According to the invention, the simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel is pumped out by the negative pressure pump to the sputum output head to simulate sputum secretion, the simulated sputum sucked out by the sputum suction pipe enters the sputum storage barrel to be recovered after training the sputum entering the airway through the oropharynx, so that the waste of the simulated sputum is reduced, and the corresponding negative pressure pump is enabled to work by the sputum suction training at the position of the airway.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical assistance, and particularly relates to a sputum suction training model.
Background
Sputum aspiration is one of important nursing measures for keeping the respiratory tract clear and effectively removing secretions of the respiratory tract, but incorrect sputum aspiration can cause complications such as hypoxia, arrhythmia and pulmonary infection, so that it is very necessary for medical staff to correctly grasp sputum aspiration operation and improve operation proficiency, for example, sputum aspiration training is performed through a sputum aspiration training model.
CN201610230194.3 discloses a novel sputum suction training model which can simulate sputum outflow and prompt excessive pressure and overtime of sputum suction, so that a student operator can grasp sputum suction skills conveniently. The above-mentioned publication does not retrieve the simulated sputum sucked by the sputum suction tube, and there are the conditions that the simulated sputum is wasted, and the improper handling of the unrecovered simulated sputum pollutes the operation site, and the thick simulated sputum is also not well cleaned, in addition, the sputum concentration of different positions of the airway is the same, in practice, the sputum concentration of different positions of the airway is different, only the sputum with the same concentration can be adopted, and the condition of the sputum cannot be better simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and aims to provide a sputum suction training model.
The sputum suction training model comprises an air channel model, a sputum storage barrel, a sputum suction pipe, a sputum conveying device for conveying simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel into the air channel model and a sputum suction device for sucking the simulated sputum in the air channel model into the sputum storage barrel through the sputum suction pipe, wherein the air channel model comprises the air channel model, an oral cavity model connected with the upper end of the air channel model and a bronchus model connected with the lower end of the air channel model, the sputum conveying device comprises a sputum conveying pipe connected with the outlet of the sputum storage barrel and a plurality of sputum conveying heads connected with the outlet of the sputum conveying pipe in parallel, the sputum conveying heads are respectively arranged in the air channel model, the oral cavity model and the bronchus model, a negative pressure pump for sucking the simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel and secreting the simulated sputum into the air channel model through the sputum conveying heads is arranged at the position of the sputum conveying heads, the sensing assembly is arranged in the sputum conveying heads and can monitor suction pressure and suction time when the sputum suction pipe sucks the sputum, the sputum conveying heads are connected with the outlet of the sputum storage barrel and the sputum storage barrel, and the sputum conveying heads are connected with the sputum conveying heads in parallel, and the sputum conveying heads are conveyed into the air channel model through the sputum storage barrel.
According to the technical scheme, the negative pressure pump pumps out the simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel to the sputum output head to simulate the secretion of the sputum, the sputum suction pipe is inserted into the airway model through the oral cavity model to suck the sputum, the oral cavity pharyngeal portion can be trained to enter the airway for sucking the sputum, and the simulated sputum sucked by the sputum suction pipe enters the sputum storage barrel to be recovered, so that the waste of the simulated sputum is reduced. Each sputum level position of the airway model is provided with a negative pressure pump capable of working independently, and the position of the airway is required to be used for sputum suction training, so that the corresponding negative pressure pump works, and the aim of accurate training is fulfilled.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the airway model further comprises a nasal cavity model connected with the upper end of the airway model, and a sputum output head, a negative pressure pump and a sensing assembly are also arranged in the nasal cavity model.
According to the technical scheme, the nasal cavity model is arranged, so that the nasal cavity model can be trained to enter the airway system through the nasopharynx, and the practicability is improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the signal output end of the sensing assembly is connected with the input end of the controller, and the alarm control end of the controller is connected with the alarm.
Above-mentioned technical scheme through setting up the alarm, when the student inhales phlegm time overlength, or inhale the phlegm action not gently inhale the excessive time of phlegm pressure, the alarm warning is convenient for the student and master phlegm time and inhale phlegm dynamics.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sputum suction device further comprises a flushing fluid storage barrel connected with the outlet of the sputum suction pipe, the flushing fluid storage barrel is connected with the sputum storage barrel in parallel, the sputum suction device generates negative pressure, and flushing fluid in the airway model is sucked out through the sputum suction pipe and discharged into the flushing fluid storage barrel.
Above-mentioned technical scheme through setting up the flushing fluid storage bucket, still can train and inhale the phlegm back and use the flushing fluid to wash the air flue, nursing work behind the training system.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the sputum suction pipe is connected with a sputum suction branch pipe and a fluid suction branch pipe which are arranged in parallel, the outlets of the sputum suction branch pipe and the fluid suction branch pipe are respectively connected with a sputum storage barrel and a flushing fluid storage barrel, and the sputum suction branch pipe and the fluid suction branch pipe are respectively provided with a sputum suction valve and a fluid suction valve.
Above-mentioned technical scheme is continuous with sputum storage bucket and flushing fluid storage bucket respectively through inhaling phlegm branch pipe and imbibition branch pipe, through switching sputum suction valve and imbibition valve, alright control flow direction of sputum and flushing fluid, convenient operation.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a drain valve for draining the rinse solution therein is provided at the bottom of the rinse solution storage tub.
According to the technical scheme, the drain valve is arranged, so that the flushing fluid can be controllably discharged, and the flushing fluid in the flushing fluid storage barrel can be conveniently discharged.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the sputum storage barrel and the flushing liquid storage barrel are two inner barrels which are arranged side by side and are arranged in the sputum suction outer barrel, the top of the sputum storage barrel is communicated with the top of the flushing liquid storage barrel, the top of the sputum suction outer barrel is provided with a negative pressure interface, and the sputum suction device is connected with the negative pressure interface through a negative pressure pipe.
Above-mentioned technical scheme through setting up the outer bucket of inhaling phlegm, stores bucket and flushing fluid and installs in inhaling the outer bucket of phlegm, inhales the phlegm device from this and produces the negative pressure to inhaling the outer bucket of phlegm, cooperates the switching of inhaling phlegm valve and imbibition valve simultaneously, alright make the simulation sputum that inhales the phlegm pipe suction get into the sputum and store the bucket and the flushing fluid of aspiration get into the flushing fluid and store the bucket, sets up a sputum device alright realize inhaling phlegm and inhale the washing liquid from this.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the simulated sputum at each position of the airway model can be respectively adjusted, and a heating device is arranged in or outside each sputum output head and is used for heating the simulated sputum secreted by the sputum output head so as to increase the concentration of the simulated sputum by evaporation.
According to the technical scheme, the heating device heats the water in the simulated sputum to evaporate so as to adjust the concentration of the simulated sputum, so that the simulated sputum with the same or different concentrations can be distributed at different positions in the airway model, and different training requirements are met.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of independently operable air bags are arranged in the inner wall of the airway model at intervals, each air bag being connected to an inflation and deflation device by an inflation and deflation tube, the air bags being capable of expanding and protruding into the airway model by inflation of the air bags.
According to the technical scheme, the air bag is arranged to expand to simulate the protrusion in the air passage and simulate the blocking condition of the air passage, so that the training model can also perform sputum suction training with the protrusion in the air passage.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the sputum suction device further comprises a training indicating device, wherein the training indicating device determines sputum suction pressure and sputum suction time according to the concentration of sputum and the smoothness of an airway and sends out a prompt;
sputum suction pressure determination method:
P=P0+α1Cs+β1dz;
Wherein P is sputum suction pressure, P 0 is basic sputum suction pressure children 60-80 mmHg), C s is sputum concentration, alpha 1 is an influence coefficient of the sputum concentration on the sputum suction pressure, d z is the obstruction rate of an air passage, and beta 1 is an influence coefficient of the obstruction condition of the air passage on the sputum suction pressure;
the sputum suction time determining method comprises the following steps:
T=T0+α2Cs+β2dz;
Wherein T is the sputum suction time, T 0 is the basic sputum suction time, alpha 2 is the influence coefficient of the sputum concentration on the sputum suction time, and beta 2 is the influence coefficient of the airway obstruction condition on the sputum suction time.
Above-mentioned technical scheme, training indicating device confirms sputum suction pressure and sputum suction time and sends the suggestion according to the unobstructed nature of concentration and air flue of sputum, and the student trains under different sputum concentrations, different air flue unobstructed nature, and the student of being convenient for master sputum suction time and sputum suction pressure under different sputum concentrations, different air flue unobstructed nature, and sputum suction training is more comprehensive.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sputum suction training model according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another sputum suction training model according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sputum suction training model according to a second embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sputum suction training model according to a third embodiment.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include an airway model 10, an airway model 11, an oral cavity model 12, a bronchus model 13, a nasal cavity model 14, a liquid receiving tray 15, a sputum suction outer barrel 20, a negative pressure port 20a, a sputum storage barrel 21, a sputum suction branch pipe 211, a sputum suction valve 212, a flushing liquid storage barrel 22, a liquid suction branch pipe 221, a liquid suction valve 223, a blow-down valve 223, a sputum suction pipe 30, a sputum delivery pipe 41, a sputum delivery head 42, a negative pressure pump 43, a sputum suction device 50, a negative pressure pipe 51, a sensing assembly 60, a heating device (electric heating plate) 70, and an air bag 80.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "vertical," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanical or electrical, or may be in communication with each other between two elements, directly or indirectly through intermediaries, as would be understood by those skilled in the art, in view of the specific meaning of the terms described above.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a sputum suction training model, as shown in fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment, the training model includes an airway model 10, a sputum storage barrel 21, a sputum suction tube 30, a sputum transfusion device for transporting the simulated sputum (the simulated sputum can be made in the present mode and has the appearance and texture of the sputum) in the sputum storage barrel 21 into the airway model 10, and a sputum suction device 50 for sucking the simulated sputum in the airway model 10 into the sputum storage barrel 21 through the sputum suction tube 30, wherein the sputum suction device 50 is a negative pressure device for sucking the sputum in the prior art.
The airway model 10 includes an airway model 11, an oral cavity model 12 connected to the upper end of the airway model 11, and a bronchus model 13 connected to the lower end of the airway model 11, two bronchus models 13 branching from the lower end of the airway model 11, and preferably, the airway model 10 further includes a nasal cavity model 14 connected to the upper end of the airway model 11, the nasal cavity model 14 branching from the upper end of the airway model 11 with the oral cavity model 12, simulating the oropharynx and nasopharynx of a human. Preferably, the airway model 10 is made of transparent materials, and students and teaching teachers can see simulated sputum and sputum suction processes in the airway model 10, so that teaching and training are facilitated.
The sputum device includes a sputum tube 41 connected with the outlet of the sputum storage bucket 21 and a plurality of sputum output heads 42 connected with the outlet of the sputum tube 41 and arranged in parallel, for example, the sputum tube 41 is inserted into the sputum storage bucket 21 from the top of the sputum storage bucket 21, the sputum output heads 42 are arranged in the trachea model 11, the oral cavity model 12, the nasal cavity model 14 and the bronchus model 13, the sputum output heads 4 are embedded in the side wall of the airway model 10, the surfaces of the sputum output heads 4 are flush with the surface of the inner wall of the airway model 10, and the sputum output heads 42 can be arranged along the length direction of the trachea model 11 due to the longer length of the trachea model 11. Each sputum output head 42 is provided with a negative pressure pump 43 for pumping out the simulated sputum in the sputum storage bucket 21 and secreting the simulated sputum into the airway model 10 through the sputum output head 42, the negative pressure pump 43 can be arranged in the airway model 10 or outside the airway model 10 and is arranged close to and upstream of the sputum output heads 42, and preferably, the surface of the sputum output heads 42 is provided with a plurality of sputum secretion sieve holes so as to enable the secreted simulated sputum to be more uniform. The sensing component 60 is disposed in the sputum output head 42, and the sensing component 60 is capable of monitoring the sputum suction pressure and the sputum suction time of the sputum suction tube 30 when the sputum is sucked, and the sputum suction pressure and the sputum suction time are monitored by the sensing component 60 as disclosed in the prior art, such as CN 201610230194.3.
When the training model of the invention is used for sputum suction training of the pharynx (including the nasopharynx and the oropharynx), the negative pressure pump 43 at the target sputum suction position is started first, and the negative pressure pump 43 pumps out the simulated sputum in the sputum storage bucket 21 through the sputum delivery tube 41 and secretes and outputs the simulated sputum into the airway model 10 through the sputum delivery head 42. The outlet of the sputum suction pipe 30 is connected with the inlet of the sputum storage barrel 21, the sputum suction pipe 30 is inserted into the airway model 10 through the inlet of the oral cavity model 12 or the inlet of the nasal cavity model 14, the inlet of the sputum suction pipe 30 is close to the simulated sputum of the target sputum suction position, the sputum suction device 50 works to generate negative pressure, under the action of the negative pressure, the simulated sputum of the target sputum suction position is sucked out through the sputum suction pipe 30 and discharged into the sputum storage barrel 21, and the simulated sputum is trained to suck and recycle. The sputum aspiration process using the sputum aspiration device 50 is known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
During sputum suction training, the sensing assembly 60 monitors the sputum suction pressure and the sputum suction time of the sputum suction tube 30 during sputum suction, so that a student can conveniently master and adjust the sputum suction pressure and the sputum suction time, and excessive sputum suction action and overlong sputum suction time are avoided. Preferably, the signal output end of the sensing component 60 is connected with the input end of the controller, and the alarm control end of the controller is connected with the alarm, so that when the sputum suction time of a student is too long, or the sputum suction action is not gentle and the sputum suction pressure is too large, the alarm alarms and reminds.
In another preferred embodiment, the training model further comprises a flushing fluid storage barrel 22 connected with the outlet of the sputum suction pipe 30, a drain valve 223 for draining flushing fluid in the flushing fluid storage barrel 22 is arranged at the bottom of the flushing fluid storage barrel 22, the flushing fluid storage barrel 22 is connected with the sputum storage barrel 21 in parallel, the sputum suction device 50 generates negative pressure, and flushing fluid in the airway model 10 is sucked out through the sputum suction pipe 30 and drained into the flushing fluid storage barrel 22. Specifically, the outlet of the sputum suction pipe 30 is connected with a sputum suction branch pipe 211 and a fluid suction branch pipe 221 which are arranged in parallel, the outlets of the sputum suction branch pipe 211 and the fluid suction branch pipe 221 are respectively connected with a sputum storage barrel 21 and a flushing fluid storage barrel 22, and the sputum suction branch pipe 211 and the fluid suction branch pipe 221 are respectively provided with a sputum suction valve 212 and a fluid suction valve 223.
When sucking sputum, the sputum sucking valve 212 is opened, the fluid sucking valve 223 is closed, and the simulated sputum sucked by the sputum sucking tube 30 enters the sputum storing barrel 21 through the sputum sucking branch tube 211. After sputum suction, the sputum suction pipe 30 is drawn out of the airway model 10, clean flushing fluid (such as bottled sterilized water for injection) is used for flushing the interior of the airway model 10, after practical sputum suction is trained, the condition of the airway is flushed, the suction valve 223 is opened, the sputum suction valve 212 is closed, the sputum suction pipe 30 is inserted into the airway model 10, the sputum suction device 50 works to generate negative pressure, and under the action of the negative pressure, the flushing fluid in the airway model 10 is drawn out through the sputum suction pipe 30 and is discharged into the flushing fluid storage barrel 22 through the suction branch pipe 221.
In the invention, the training model further comprises a sputum suction outer barrel 20, a sputum storage barrel 21 and a flushing fluid storage barrel 22 are two inner barrels which are arranged side by side and are arranged in the sputum suction outer barrel 20, a sputum suction branch pipe 211 is inserted from the top of the sputum storage barrel 21, a liquid suction branch pipe 221 is inserted from the top of the flushing fluid storage barrel 22, the sputum storage barrel 21 is communicated with the top of the flushing fluid storage barrel 22, a negative pressure interface 20a is arranged at the top of the sputum storage barrel 20, for example, the negative pressure interface 20a is arranged at the top of the flushing fluid storage barrel 22, and a sputum suction device 50 is connected with the negative pressure interface 20a through a negative pressure pipe 51. The sputum suction valve 212 and the fluid suction valve 223 are provided in or outside the sputum suction outer tub 20, and when the sputum suction valve 212 and the fluid suction valve 223 are provided in the sputum suction outer tub 20, a switch for controlling the opening and closing of the sputum suction valve 212 and the fluid suction valve 223 may be provided in the sputum suction outer tub 20.
When sputum sucking is needed, the sputum sucking valve 212 is opened, the liquid sucking valve 223 is closed, the sputum sucking device 50 works to generate negative pressure in the flushing liquid storage barrel 22, and the sputum storage barrel 21 is also generated by the negative pressure because the sputum storage barrel 21 is communicated with the top of the flushing liquid storage barrel 22, so that the simulated sputum in the airway model 10 is sucked into the sputum storage barrel 21 through the sputum sucking branch pipe 211 and the sputum sucking pipe 30. When the flushing liquid in the airway model 10 is pumped out, the suction valve 223 is opened, the sputum suction valve 212 is closed, and the sputum suction apparatus 50 operates to generate negative pressure in the flushing liquid storage bucket 22 to suck the flushing liquid in the airway model 10 into the flushing liquid storage bucket 22 through the suction manifold 221 and the sputum suction pipe 30.
In the present invention, the lower end of the bronchial model 13 is not closed as shown in fig. 1 or is closed as shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 1, when the lower end of the bronchus model 13 is not closed, a liquid receiving tray 15 is provided below the bronchus model 13 for receiving the flushing liquid for flushing the airway model 10, and when the flushing liquid in the airway model 10 is drawn out by using the sputum aspirator 30, the sputum aspirator 30 should be inserted into the liquid receiving tray 15.
Example two
The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that, as shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the concentration of the simulated sputum located at each position of the airway model 10 may be adjusted respectively, specifically, a heating device 70 is disposed in or outside each sputum output head 42, for example, the heating device 70 is an electric heating plate fixedly connected to the sputum output head 42, specifically, the surface of the sputum output head 42 secreting the simulated sputum may be made into the electric heating plate 70, the sputum secretion sieve mesh is disposed on the electric heating plate 70, and the heating device 70 is used for heating the simulated sputum secreted by the sputum output head 42 so as to increase the concentration of the simulated sputum by evaporation. The simulated sputum can be obtained by mixing corn starch and water, which can produce a similar mucus effect for simulating the sputum, and mixing honey and water, which can also create a viscous liquid for simulating the sputum.
In this embodiment, the simulated sputum concentration in the sputum storage bucket 21 is low, the sputum is thin, and according to the training requirement, when the more viscous simulated sputum concentration is required, the heating device 70 at the corresponding position works after the simulated sputum is secreted by the sputum output head 42, and the heating device 70 heats the simulated sputum secreted by the sputum output head 42, so that the water in the simulated sputum is evaporated, thereby improving the concentration of the simulated sputum. The higher the concentration of the simulated sputum is required, the longer the heating time is, and the more water is evaporated, whereby the concentration of the simulated sputum can be adjusted by controlling the heating time of the heating device 70. The heating device 70 in each location may be operated independently, thereby allowing for the placement of simulated sputum of the same or different concentrations at different locations in the airway model 10 to meet different training requirements.
Example III
The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first and second embodiments, except that, as shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, a plurality of air bags 80 capable of working independently are disposed in the inner wall of the air channel model 10 at intervals, each air bag 80 is connected with an air charging and discharging device through an air charging and discharging pipe, and each air charging and discharging pipe is provided with an air charging and discharging valve, and the air charging and discharging device can adopt a medical whipping dual-purpose pump. The balloon 80 is inflated by the inflation and deflation means, the balloon 80 being capable of expanding and protruding into the airway model 10 to simulate the presence of a protrusion in the airway (such as a tumor or blister, etc.), and the balloon 80 is deflated by the inflation and deflation means, the balloon 80 being capable of retracting into the inner wall of the airway model 10.
When a patient with tumors on the inner wall of the bronchus needs to be trained to inhale phlegm, an inflation valve corresponding to the air bag 80 in the bronchus model 13 is opened, the inflation and deflation device works to inflate the air bag 80 in the bronchus model 13, so that the air bag 80 is inflated and protrudes into the bronchus model 13 to simulate the tumors on the inner wall of the bronchus, and a student needs to avoid the inflated air bag 80 as much as possible during training and does not avoid the air bag 80.
It should be noted that, the air bag 80 may also close the corresponding position of the air passage model 10 by filling sufficient air into the air bag 80 through the air filling and discharging device, so as to realize the opening condition of different positions of the air passage.
Example IV
The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the second embodiment and the second embodiment, except that the heating device 70 and the air bag 80 are provided, and the training model further includes a training indication device (not shown in the figure), which determines the sputum suction pressure and the sputum suction time according to the concentration of the sputum and the smoothness of the airway and sends a prompt. The lower end of the bronchial model 13 of the present embodiment is not closed.
Sputum suction pressure determination method:
P=P0+α1Cs+β1dz;
Wherein P is sputum suction pressure, P 0 is sputum suction pressure (adult 80-100mmHg, children 60-80 mmHg), C s is sputum concentration (simulated sputum concentration sucked by a sputum suction tube from an airway model), alpha 1 is an influence coefficient of the sputum concentration on the sputum suction pressure (which can be determined according to experiments and increases along with the increase of the sputum concentration), d z is an obstruction rate of an airway (which is the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the air bags 80 to the volume of the airway when the airway is unobstructed), and beta 1 is an influence coefficient of the airway obstruction condition on the sputum suction pressure (which can be determined according to experiments and increases along with the increase of the airway obstruction degree).
The sputum suction time determining method comprises the following steps:
T=T0+α2Cs+β2dz;
Wherein T is sputum suction time, T 0 is basal sputum suction time (e.g., 10 seconds), α 2 is a coefficient of influence of sputum concentration on the sputum suction time (which can be determined experimentally to increase with increasing sputum concentration), and β 2 is a coefficient of influence of airway obstruction on the sputum suction time (which can be determined experimentally to increase with increasing airway obstruction).
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "preferred implementation," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example" or "some examples" and the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The sputum suction training model is characterized by comprising an airway model, a sputum storage barrel, a sputum suction pipe, a sputum conveying device for conveying simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel into the airway model, and a sputum suction device for sucking the simulated sputum in the airway model into the sputum storage barrel through the sputum suction pipe;
The airway model comprises an airway model, an oral cavity model connected with the upper end of the airway model and a bronchus model connected with the lower end of the airway model;
the sputum device comprises a sputum conveying pipe connected with an outlet of a sputum storage barrel and a plurality of sputum conveying heads connected with the outlet of the sputum conveying pipe in parallel, wherein the sputum conveying heads are arranged in an air pipe model, an oral cavity model and a bronchus model, and a negative pressure pump for pumping out simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel and secreting the simulated sputum into an air passage model through the sputum conveying heads is arranged at the sputum conveying heads;
the sputum output head is internally provided with an induction component which can monitor the sputum suction pressure and the sputum suction time when the sputum suction pipe sucks sputum;
the outlet of the sputum suction pipe is connected with the inlet of the sputum storage barrel, the sputum suction pipe is inserted into the airway model, the sputum suction device generates negative pressure, and simulated sputum in the airway model is sucked out and discharged into the sputum storage barrel through the sputum suction pipe.
2. The sputum suction training model according to claim 1, wherein the airway model further comprises a nasal cavity model connected to the upper end of the tracheal model, wherein the sputum output head, the negative pressure pump and the sensing assembly are also provided in the nasal cavity model.
3. The sputum suction training model of claim 1, wherein the signal output of the sensing assembly is connected to the input of a controller, and the alarm control of the controller is connected to an alarm.
4. The sputum suction training model of claim 1, further comprising a flushing fluid storage barrel connected to the outlet of the sputum suction tube, wherein the flushing fluid storage barrel is connected in parallel with the sputum storage barrel, the sputum suction device generates negative pressure, and flushing fluid in the airway model is sucked out through the sputum suction tube and discharged into the flushing fluid storage barrel.
5. The sputum suction training model according to claim 4, wherein the outlet of the sputum suction pipe is connected with a sputum suction branch pipe and a fluid suction branch pipe which are arranged in parallel, the outlets of the sputum suction branch pipe and the fluid suction branch pipe are respectively connected with a sputum storage barrel and a flushing fluid storage barrel, and the sputum suction branch pipe and the fluid suction branch pipe are respectively provided with a sputum suction valve and a fluid suction valve.
6. The sputum suction training model of claim 4 wherein a drain valve for draining the rinse solution therein is provided at the bottom of the rinse solution storage tub.
7. The sputum suction training model of claim 5, further comprising an external sputum suction barrel, wherein the sputum storage barrel and the flushing fluid storage barrel are two inner barrels which are arranged side by side and are arranged in the external sputum suction barrel, the top of the sputum storage barrel is communicated with the top of the flushing fluid storage barrel, a negative pressure interface is arranged at the top of the external sputum suction barrel, and the sputum suction device is connected with the negative pressure interface through a negative pressure pipe.
8. A sputum suction training model according to any of claims 1-7 wherein the concentration of simulated sputum in each location of the airway model is individually adjustable, and a heating means is provided in or external to each of the sputum delivery heads for heating the simulated sputum secreted by the sputum delivery head to increase the concentration of the simulated sputum by evaporation.
9. A sputum suction training model according to claim 8 wherein a plurality of independently operable air bags are provided in spaced relation within the interior wall of the airway model, each air bag being connected to an inflation and deflation means by an inflation and deflation line, the air bags being capable of inflation and bulging into the airway model by inflation of the air bags.
10. The sputum suction training model of claim 9, further comprising a training indication device which determines sputum suction pressure and sputum suction time and gives a prompt according to the concentration of sputum and the patency of the airway;
sputum suction pressure determination method:
P=P0+α1Cs+β1dz;
Wherein P is the sputum suction pressure, P 0 is the basic sputum suction pressure, C s is the sputum concentration, alpha 1 is the influence coefficient of the sputum concentration on the sputum suction pressure, d z is the obstruction rate of the airway, and beta 1 is the influence coefficient of the obstruction condition of the airway on the sputum suction pressure;
the sputum suction time determining method comprises the following steps:
T=T0+α2Cs+β2dz;
Wherein T is the sputum suction time, T 0 is the basic sputum suction time, alpha 2 is the influence coefficient of the sputum concentration on the sputum suction time, and beta 2 is the influence coefficient of the airway obstruction condition on the sputum suction time.
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