CN119871973A - Oil press - Google Patents

Oil press Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119871973A
CN119871973A CN202510197163.1A CN202510197163A CN119871973A CN 119871973 A CN119871973 A CN 119871973A CN 202510197163 A CN202510197163 A CN 202510197163A CN 119871973 A CN119871973 A CN 119871973A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
movable plate
hydraulic
pressure
cylinder body
hydraulic press
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Application number
CN202510197163.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN119871973B (en
Inventor
杨岱栋
杨勇川
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Dongguan City Advanced Generation Machinery Co ltd
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Dongguan City Advanced Generation Machinery Co ltd
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Priority to CN202510197163.1A priority Critical patent/CN119871973B/en
Publication of CN119871973A publication Critical patent/CN119871973A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN119871973B publication Critical patent/CN119871973B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/32—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/0052—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for fluid driven presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/16—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Control Of Presses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及液压机技术领域，尤其公开了一种油压机,包括充液机构、与充液机构相连接的液压机构；所述液压机构包括主油缸、底座、顶梁以及安装在底座和顶梁之间的活动板，底座与顶梁之间安装有多根导柱，活动板往复移动安装在多根导柱上，所述活动板靠近底座的一端还设有伸缩杆体，伸缩杆体用于辅助带动活动板在底座和顶梁之间往复移动；主油缸安装在底座下方，所述导柱为空腔结构且与主油缸相连通，充液机构用于向主油缸快速充液，主油缸充液后带动导柱内压力快速上升，导柱内压力上升带动活动板向顶梁靠近对待加工产品进行压缩加工操作。

The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic presses, and in particular discloses an oil hydraulic press, comprising a filling mechanism and a hydraulic mechanism connected to the filling mechanism; the hydraulic mechanism comprises a main oil cylinder, a base, a top beam and a movable plate installed between the base and the top beam, a plurality of guide pillars are installed between the base and the top beam, the movable plate is reciprocatingly installed on the plurality of guide pillars, a telescopic rod body is further provided at one end of the movable plate close to the base, the telescopic rod body is used to assist in driving the movable plate to reciprocate between the base and the top beam; the main oil cylinder is installed below the base, the guide pillar is a cavity structure and is connected to the main oil cylinder, the filling mechanism is used to quickly fill the main oil cylinder with liquid, after the main oil cylinder is filled with liquid, the pressure in the guide pillar is driven to rise rapidly, and the rising pressure in the guide pillar drives the movable plate to approach the top beam to perform compression processing operations on the product to be processed.

Description

Oil press
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic presses, and particularly discloses an oil press.
Background
Oil presses are an important industrial device for performing high precision compression processing operations on materials. The traditional oil press has the advantages that the design of the traditional oil press has some defects, such as an upper cylinder downward pressing structure of the traditional oil press, the structure utilization rate is low, the main oil cylinder is arranged above the structure to occupy space, and potential safety hazards of sliding down pistons exist, the traditional oil press has a slow working stage, the working time generally occupies half of the product forming period, the production efficiency of the oil press is low for users with high requirements on the production efficiency of the oil press, the whole structure of the traditional oil press is in a separation state, the structure arrangement of the separation state occupies more space, and the utilization rate of a user site is not friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an oil press.
The hydraulic mechanism comprises a main oil cylinder, a base, a top beam and a movable plate arranged between the base and the top beam, wherein a plurality of guide posts are arranged between the base and the top beam, the movable plate is arranged on the guide posts in a reciprocating manner, one end of the movable plate, which is close to the base, is also provided with a telescopic rod body which is used for assisting in driving the movable plate to reciprocate between the base and the top beam, the main oil cylinder is arranged below the base, the guide posts are of a cavity structure and are communicated with the main oil cylinder, the liquid filling mechanism is used for filling liquid to the main oil cylinder, the pressure in the guide posts is rapidly increased after the liquid is filled in the main oil cylinder, the pressure in the guide posts is increased to drive the movable plate to be close to a product to be processed for compression processing operation, after the processing is completed, the liquid filling is stopped, the pressure in the cavities of the main oil cylinder and the guide posts is gradually released, and the movable plate returns to an initial position under the assistance of the telescopic rod body for the next processing operation.
Through the synergistic effect of liquid filling mechanism and hydraulic mechanism, realized quick liquid filling drive fly leaf and carried out high-efficient compression processing, utilize the flexible body of rod to assist the fly leaf to reset steadily simultaneously, improved machining precision and efficiency. When the method is implemented, the liquid filling mechanism rapidly fills liquid to the main oil cylinder, the pressure of the plug cavity of the main oil cylinder rises and is transmitted to the guide post of the cavity structure, the movable plate is driven to move to the top beam to carry out product compression processing, after the processing is finished, the liquid filling mechanism stops filling liquid and starts pressure relief backflow, the pressure in the main oil cylinder and the guide post is released, and the telescopic rod body assists the movable plate to stably return to an initial position for preparation of next processing.
The main oil cylinder of the oil press is arranged below and performs stamping operation from bottom to top, so that the structure can reduce the height of a machine body, shorten the distance between the main oil cylinder and the main oil tank, reduce the occupied area and improve the response speed of an oil way, and can avoid potential safety hazards caused by the fact that a piston slides downwards due to dead weight.
The hydraulic press further comprises a jacking mechanism, the jacking mechanism is arranged on the base, the jacking mechanism comprises a driving piece and a jacking rod body connected with the output end of the driving piece, jacking holes communicated with each other are formed in the base and the movable plate, the driving piece drives the jacking rod body to reciprocate in the jacking holes in the base and the movable plate, and processed products placed on the movable plate are ejected out of the movable plate.
In the processing stage, the liquid filling mechanism rapidly fills liquid to the main oil cylinder, pushes the movable plate to stably move to the top beam along the guide post, and performs accurate compression processing on a workpiece placed on the movable plate. After the processing is finished, the liquid filling mechanism stops liquid filling and starts a pressure relief flow, and the movable plate is reset stably under the auxiliary action of the telescopic rod body. According to the lifting mechanism additionally arranged on the press, the driving piece of the lifting mechanism precisely controls the lifting rod to reciprocate in the lifting hole communicated with the base and the movable plate, so that a workpiece can be automatically lifted and separated from the movable plate after machining is finished, subsequent workpiece taking out and new workpiece placement are facilitated, the manual operation flow is greatly simplified, manual intervention is reduced, and the operation safety and continuity are improved. The design not only ensures the processing precision and efficiency, but also brings more convenient and efficient production experience to users through high automation and intellectualization.
The hydraulic press further comprises an auxiliary cylinder body arranged in the main cylinder, the volume of the auxiliary cylinder body is smaller than that of the main cylinder, the auxiliary cylinder body is used for rapidly pushing the movable plate to ascend in an initial stage, the auxiliary cylinder body is communicated with the main cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, the auxiliary cylinder body is communicated with the guide post, the liquid filling mechanism outputs hydraulic oil to the auxiliary cylinder body, the pressure in the guide post is driven to rise by the hydraulic rising of the auxiliary cylinder body, and the movable plate is driven to approach the top beam to be processed to perform compression processing operation by the pressure rising of the cavity of the guide post.
The liquid filling mechanism further comprises a back pressure valve group, the auxiliary cylinder body is provided with a control valve communicated with the back pressure valve group, the liquid filling mechanism is used for filling liquid to the auxiliary cylinder body, when the pressure in the cavity of the auxiliary cylinder body rises to a pressure value set by the back pressure valve group, the control valve of the auxiliary cylinder body is opened, hydraulic oil is filled to the main cylinder body through the auxiliary cylinder body and closes a liquid filling channel of the auxiliary cylinder body, and the pressure in the cavity of the main cylinder body rises rapidly to drive the movable plate to approach the top beam to carry out compression processing operation on a product to be processed.
The hydraulic system of the hydraulic press innovatively uses the logic back pressure valve group as a master cylinder starting switch, and an auxiliary cylinder body is designed in the main cylinder body. When the pressure in the cavity of the auxiliary cylinder body rises to the set pressure of the logic back pressure valve group, the control valve is opened, the main cylinder begins to be filled with liquid quickly and closes the channel of the auxiliary cylinder body, and the main cylinder is boosted quickly immediately.
The volume of the auxiliary cylinder body is smaller than that of the main cylinder, and the liquid filling mechanism can fill enough hydraulic oil into the auxiliary cylinder body in a short time due to the smaller volume of the auxiliary cylinder body, so that the auxiliary cylinder body can be rapidly boosted. The movable plate is helpful to quickly push the movable plate to move upwards in the initial processing stage, and the whole processing flow is started, so that the starting time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. When the pressure in the auxiliary cylinder body reaches a pressure value preset by the back pressure valve group, the control valve is automatically opened, and hydraulic oil is allowed to flow from the auxiliary cylinder body to the main cylinder. The design ensures the smooth transition from the auxiliary cylinder body to the main cylinder, and avoids equipment impact and instability possibly caused by instantaneous high pressure. Simultaneously, through the regulation of backpressure valves, the pressure variation in the course of working can be accurately controlled, machining precision is further promoted. In the initial stage of processing, the auxiliary cylinder body with smaller volume is used for quick pressure rising and starting, so that unnecessary energy consumption can be reduced. With the deep processing, the main oil cylinder starts to lead the processing process, at the moment, the auxiliary cylinder body has completed the operation task, no additional energy input is needed, and the design is beneficial to realizing the energy-saving and efficient production targets.
The inner bottom of the guide pillar cavity is provided with an elastic piece, and the elastic piece is used for assisting the movable plate to return to the initial position and preventing the movable plate from shaking or shifting caused by pressure relief, so that the machining precision is improved.
In the machining process, the movable plate is driven by the hydraulic system to stably move along the guide post, and the workpiece placed on the movable plate is precisely compressed. After the processing is finished, the liquid filling mechanism stops filling liquid, and the system starts to release pressure. At this time, the elastic pieces (such as springs or elastic gaskets) at the bottom of the guide post cavity start to play a role, and the elastic pieces can assist the movable plate to stably return to the initial position, so that shaking or deflection caused by pressure relief is effectively prevented. The design not only ensures the accurate positioning of the movable plate in the processing process, but also improves the processing precision and stability.
The hydraulic press further comprises a control center, the control center comprises an emergency return device, a pressure sensor is arranged on the hydraulic mechanism, when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure of the hydraulic mechanism is abnormal or the equipment is in failure, the control center immediately starts the emergency return device, the movable plate stops the die closing action and returns to the initial position, and after returning to the initial position, the jacking mechanism completes one-time product ejection action and finishes the running state of the hydraulic press.
In the processing process, a pressure sensor on the hydraulic mechanism detects the pressure state of the system in real time. The control center immediately responds to activate the emergency return upon detection of a pressure anomaly or malfunction of the device. The device can rapidly cut off the power source of the hydraulic system, so that the movable plate stops the current die closing action and returns to the initial position smoothly. The design effectively prevents equipment damage or personnel injury caused by faults, and ensures the safety of the processing process. After the movable plate returns to the initial position, the jacking mechanism is automatically started to jack out the processed product from the movable plate, so that the subsequent operation is convenient. Meanwhile, the control center sends out an instruction to end the running state of the oil press, and the equipment is prevented from running continuously in a fault state. This procedure ensures that the device can be quickly and safely stopped and is ready for troubleshooting or repair even in the event of a malfunction.
The control center further comprises two-hand buttons, the two-hand buttons are used for opening and closing the hydraulic press, the safety grating is arranged on the hydraulic mechanism, when the safety grating is shielded, the safety grating sends out warning signals, the movable plate stops acting, and the movable plate can work continuously only by pressing the two-hand buttons again.
The design of the two-hand button requires that an operator must use both hands to press the button at the same time when starting or continuing the machining process, thereby avoiding the risk of misoperation that may be caused by one-hand operation. The design effectively prevents accidental starting caused by negligence or fatigue of operators, and improves the safety of equipment. Meanwhile, the safety grating arranged on the hydraulic mechanism is used as another safety defense line, and can immediately send out a warning signal when an object (such as the hand of an operator or other parts of the body) is detected to be shielded. At this time, even if the operator has pressed the both hands button, the movable plate can stop the action immediately, preventing crush injury or collision accident caused by unexpected shielding. The flap can continue to operate only when the operator removes the obstruction and presses the two-hand button again. This design ensures the safety and reliability of the device during processing.
The hydraulic press comprises a temperature control system for monitoring and adjusting the temperature of hydraulic oil in real time, and avoiding equipment damage and processing precision reduction caused by too high or too low oil temperature.
The temperature control system comprises a temperature monitoring module, a cooling device and a heating device, wherein a temperature sensor is arranged in the hydraulic system to monitor the temperature of hydraulic oil in real time. The temperature sensor can be arranged at key parts such as a main oil cylinder, an auxiliary oil cylinder, a hydraulic pipeline, an oil tank and the like. When the temperature of the hydraulic oil exceeds the set upper limit, the cooling device is automatically started. The cooling means may be an air-cooled radiator or a water-cooled heat exchanger, the specific choice depending on the operating environment of the device and the heat dissipation requirements. When the temperature of the hydraulic oil is lower than the set lower limit, the heating device is automatically started. The heating means may be an electric heater or a heat exchanger for preheating the hydraulic oil in a low temperature environment.
The sliding sleeve is made of wear-resistant materials, and is used for reducing friction between the movable plate and the guide post, reducing abrasion, ensuring stable reciprocating movement of the movable plate and reducing noise and vibration in the reciprocating movement.
The bottom of the hydraulic mechanism is also provided with a vibration eliminating device, the vibration eliminating device is started after the movable plate completes one-time compression processing operation and returns to the initial position, and residual stress between the movable plate and the guide post is eliminated by generating tiny vibration, so that the precision and stability of next processing are improved.
The vibration canceling device should be designed in a structure closely coupled to the bottom of the hydraulic mechanism to ensure that it can stably generate vibration. The device should contain vibration sources (such as electromagnetic vibrator, pneumatic vibrator, etc.) inside for controlling the frequency, amplitude and time of vibration. According to the specific condition and processing requirement of the equipment, the vibration parameters of the vibration eliminating device should be set reasonably. The vibration frequency and amplitude should be moderate to ensure effective relief of residual stresses while avoiding excessive impact and wear on the equipment. The vibration time should also be adjusted according to the processing cycle and the state of the equipment to ensure the optimization of the abatement effect.
The nano filter screen layer is arranged in the cavity of the guide post, metal scraps are automatically adsorbed by utilizing hydraulic oil to flow, an optical fiber micro-leakage sensor is arranged at the joint of the guide post and the main oil cylinder, and the optical fiber micro-leakage sensor is used for monitoring oil leakage in real time and triggering alarm. The nano filter screen layer and the optical fiber micro leakage sensor can prolong the replacement period of hydraulic oil, reduce the maintenance cost and prevent sudden leakage accidents.
Magnetorheological fluid is injected into the sliding sleeve shell, and an electromagnetic coil is embedded into the surface of the guide post. In the pressing process, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is changed by controlling the current intensity, so that the dynamic locking of the movable plate is realized, the micro-displacement at the moment of pressing is eliminated, and the processing precision is improved to the micron level.
The inner wall of the guide post cavity is provided with a spiral damping groove which is used for destroying the fluid resonance frequency. When the guide post is used as a hydraulic channel, high-pressure oil flow can cause resonance, and the machining precision is affected.
The hydraulic press has the beneficial effects that through the precisely designed hydraulic press, the high-efficiency compression processing of the movable plate driven by rapid liquid filling is realized by utilizing the synergistic effect of the liquid filling mechanism and the hydraulic mechanism, and the movable plate is stably reset by the aid of the telescopic rod body. The elastic piece, the vibration eliminating device and the control center at the bottom of the guide post cavity are designed safely, so that machining precision, stability and safety are guaranteed together. The main oil cylinder is arranged below to improve the response speed and safety of an oil way, the integrated oil way block is connected with the oil cylinder to reduce leakage points, and the logic back pressure valve group and the auxiliary cylinder body are used for realizing quick boosting, so that the production efficiency is remarkably improved. Meanwhile, the emergency return device and the material ejection device enhance the safety and the operation efficiency of the equipment. The whole structure is compact and small, the equipment volume, the weight and the production cost are reduced, and the economical and efficient rapid oil press is provided for users.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the hydraulic mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the base and the movable plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the master cylinder of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a guide post of the present invention.
The reference numerals include:
1. A liquid charging mechanism; 2, a hydraulic mechanism, 3, a main oil cylinder, 4, a base, 5, a top beam, 6, a movable plate, 7, a guide post, 8, a telescopic rod body, 9, a jacking mechanism, 11, a driving piece, 12, a jacking rod body, 13, a jacking hole, 14, a secondary cylinder body, 15, a back pressure valve group, 16, a control valve, 17, an elastic piece, 18, a control center, 19, an emergency return device, 21, a pressure sensor, 22, a double-hand button, 23, a safety grating, 24, a temperature control system, 25, a sliding sleeve shell, 26, a vibration eliminating device, 27 and a spiral damping groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to examples and drawings, which are not intended to be limiting, for the understanding of those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the hydraulic press of the invention comprises a liquid filling mechanism 1 and a hydraulic mechanism 2 matched with the liquid filling mechanism 1, wherein the hydraulic mechanism 2 comprises a main cylinder 3, a base 4, a top beam 5 and a movable plate 6 arranged between the base 4 and the top beam 5, a plurality of guide posts 7 are arranged between the base 4 and the top beam 5, the movable plate 6 is arranged on the guide posts 7 in a reciprocating manner, one end of the movable plate 6 close to the base 4 is also provided with a telescopic rod body 8, the telescopic rod body 8 is used for assisting in driving the movable plate 6 to reciprocate between the base 4 and the top beam 5, the main cylinder 3 is arranged below the base 4, the guide posts 7 are of a cavity structure and are communicated with the main cylinder 3, the liquid filling mechanism 1 is used for rapidly filling liquid to the main cylinder 3, the pressure in the guide posts 7 is driven to rise after the liquid filling of the main cylinder 3, the pressure in the guide posts 7 is driven to rise, the movable plate 6 is driven to approach the product to be processed by the compression processing operation, after the processing is finished, the liquid filling mechanism 1 stops and the liquid filling is decompressed, the pressure in the cavities of the main cylinder 3 and the guide posts 7 are gradually released, the pressure in the cavities of the guide posts 6 is returned, and the auxiliary rod body 8 is arranged at the initial position for assisting the next processing operation.
Through the synergistic effect of the liquid filling mechanism 1 and the hydraulic mechanism 2, the high-efficiency compression processing of the movable plate 6 driven by rapid liquid filling is realized, and meanwhile, the movable plate 6 is assisted to reset stably by the telescopic rod body 8, so that the processing precision and efficiency are improved. In the concrete implementation, the liquid filling mechanism 1 rapidly fills liquid into the main oil cylinder 3, the pressure of the plug cavity of the main oil cylinder 3 rises and is transmitted to the guide post 7 of the cavity structure, the movable plate 6 is driven to move towards the top beam 5 to carry out product compression processing, after the processing is finished, the liquid filling mechanism 1 stops filling liquid and starts pressure relief backflow, the pressure in the main oil cylinder 3 and the guide post 7 is released, and the telescopic rod body 8 assists the movable plate 6 to stably return to an initial position so as to prepare for the next processing.
The main oil cylinder 3 of the oil press is arranged below and performs stamping operation from bottom to top, so that the structure can reduce the height of a machine body, shorten the distance between the main oil cylinder and a main oil tank, reduce the occupied area and improve the response speed of an oil way, and can avoid potential safety hazards caused by the fact that a piston slides downwards due to dead weight.
The hydraulic press further comprises a jacking mechanism 9, the jacking mechanism 9 is arranged on the base 4, the jacking mechanism 9 comprises a driving piece 11 and a jacking rod body 12 connected with the output end of the driving piece 11, jacking holes 13 communicated with each other are formed in the base 4 and the movable plate 6, the driving piece 11 drives the jacking rod body 12 to reciprocate in the jacking holes 13 formed in the base 4 and the movable plate 6, and processed products placed on the movable plate 6 are ejected out of the movable plate 6.
In the processing stage, the liquid filling mechanism 1 rapidly fills liquid to the main oil cylinder 3, pushes the movable plate 6 to stably move to the top beam 5 along the guide post 7, and performs accurate compression processing on a workpiece placed on the movable plate 6. After the processing is finished, the liquid filling mechanism 1 stops liquid filling and starts a pressure relief flow, and the movable plate 6 is reset stably under the auxiliary action of the telescopic rod body 8. The jacking mechanism 9 additionally arranged on the press is characterized in that the driving piece 11 of the jacking mechanism precisely controls the jacking rod body 12 to reciprocate in the jacking hole 13 communicated with the base 4 and the movable plate 6, so that workpieces can be automatically jacked and separated from the movable plate 6 after machining is finished, subsequent workpiece taking out and new workpiece placement are facilitated, the manual operation flow is greatly simplified, manual intervention is reduced, and the operation safety and continuity are improved. The design not only ensures the processing precision and efficiency, but also brings more convenient and efficient production experience to users through high automation and intellectualization.
The hydraulic press further comprises an auxiliary cylinder body 14 arranged in the main cylinder 3, the volume of the auxiliary cylinder body 14 is smaller than that of the main cylinder 3, the auxiliary cylinder body 14 is used for rapidly pushing the movable plate 6 to ascend in an initial stage, the auxiliary cylinder body 14 is communicated with the main cylinder 3 through a hydraulic pipeline, the auxiliary cylinder body 14 is communicated with the guide post 7, hydraulic oil is output to the auxiliary cylinder body 14 by the liquid filling mechanism 1, the pressure of the auxiliary cylinder body 14 is increased to drive the pressure of the guide post 7 to be increased, and the cavity pressure of the guide post 7 is increased to drive the movable plate 6 to approach the top beam 5 to be processed to carry out compression processing operation.
The liquid filling mechanism 1 further comprises a back pressure valve group 15, the auxiliary cylinder body 14 is provided with a control valve 16 communicated with the back pressure valve group 15, the liquid filling mechanism 1 is used for filling liquid to the auxiliary cylinder body 14, when the pressure in the cavity of the auxiliary cylinder body 14 rises to a pressure value set by the back pressure valve group 15, the control valve 16 of the auxiliary cylinder body 14 is opened, hydraulic oil is filled to the main cylinder 3 through the auxiliary cylinder body 14 and closes a liquid filling channel of the auxiliary cylinder body 14, and the pressure in the cavity of the main cylinder 3 rapidly rises to drive the movable plate 6 to approach the top beam 5 to carry out compression processing operation on a product to be processed.
The hydraulic system of the hydraulic press innovatively uses a logic back pressure valve group 15 as a master cylinder starting switch, and a slave cylinder 14 is designed in the master cylinder. When the hydraulic oil is output to the auxiliary cylinder body 14 by the liquid filling mechanism 1, the movable plate 6 is pushed to quickly ascend, when the pressure in the cavity of the auxiliary cylinder body 14 rises to the set pressure of the logic back pressure valve group 15, the control valve 16 is opened, the main cylinder 3 starts to quickly fill liquid and closes the channel of the auxiliary cylinder body 14, and the main cylinder 3 immediately and quickly boosts, so that the boosting mode gives up the traditional slow working stage, the production efficiency of the hydraulic press is obviously improved, and the hydraulic press is particularly suitable for processing technologies of mass production such as printing, embossing, shallow stretching and the like.
The volume of the auxiliary cylinder 14 is smaller than that of the main cylinder 3, and the charging mechanism 1 can charge enough hydraulic oil into the auxiliary cylinder 14 in a short time due to the smaller volume of the auxiliary cylinder 14, so that the auxiliary cylinder 14 is rapidly pressurized. This helps to quickly push the movable plate 6 upward at the initial stage of processing, and start the whole processing flow, thereby shortening the start time and improving the production efficiency. When the pressure in the auxiliary cylinder 14 reaches the pressure value preset by the back pressure valve group 15, the control valve 16 is automatically opened, and hydraulic oil is allowed to flow from the auxiliary cylinder 14 to the main cylinder 3. This design ensures a smooth transition from the secondary cylinder 14 to the main cylinder 3, avoiding equipment shocks and instabilities that may be caused by momentary high pressures. Meanwhile, the pressure change in the processing process can be accurately controlled through the adjustment of the back pressure valve group 15, and the processing precision is further improved. In the initial stage of processing, the auxiliary cylinder 14 having a small volume is used for quick pressure increase and start-up, so that unnecessary energy consumption can be reduced. With the deep processing, the main cylinder 3 starts to lead the processing process, at this time, the auxiliary cylinder 14 has completed the operation task, no additional energy input is needed, and the design is helpful for realizing the energy-saving and efficient production targets.
The inner bottom of the cavity of the guide post 7 is provided with an elastic piece 17, and the elastic piece 17 is used for assisting the movable plate 6 to return to the initial position and preventing the movable plate 6 from shaking or shifting caused by pressure relief, thereby improving the processing precision.
In the machining process, the movable plate 6 is driven by the hydraulic system to stably move along the guide post 7, and accurate compression machining is performed on the workpiece placed on the movable plate. After the processing is finished, the liquid filling mechanism 1 stops filling liquid, and the system starts to release pressure. At this time, the elastic members 17 (such as springs or elastic gaskets) at the bottom of the cavity of the guide post 7 start to act, and they can assist the movable plate 6 to return to the initial position smoothly, so as to prevent shaking or deflection caused by pressure release. The design not only ensures the accurate positioning of the movable plate 6 in the processing process, but also improves the processing precision and stability.
The hydraulic press further comprises a control center 18, the control center 18 comprises an emergency return device 19, a pressure sensor 21 is arranged on the hydraulic mechanism 2, when the pressure sensor 21 detects that the pressure of the hydraulic mechanism 2 is abnormal or the equipment operation is in fault, the control center 18 immediately starts the emergency return device 19, the movable plate 6 stops the die assembly action and returns to the initial position, and after returning to the initial position, the jacking mechanism 9 completes one-time product ejection action and ends the running state of the hydraulic press.
During the processing, the pressure sensor 21 on the hydraulic mechanism 2 detects the pressure state of the system in real time. Upon detection of a pressure anomaly or malfunction of the device operation, the control center 18 immediately responds, activating the emergency return means 19. The device can rapidly cut off the power source of the hydraulic system, so that the movable plate 6 stops the current die closing action and returns to the initial position smoothly. The design effectively prevents equipment damage or personnel injury caused by faults, and ensures the safety of the processing process. After the movable plate 6 returns to the initial position, the jacking mechanism 9 is automatically started to jack the processed product out of the movable plate 6, so that the subsequent operation is facilitated. At the same time, the control center 18 issues instructions to end the operating state of the oil press, avoiding the equipment from continuing to operate in a fault state. This procedure ensures that the device can be quickly and safely stopped and is ready for troubleshooting or repair even in the event of a malfunction.
The control center 18 further comprises two-hand buttons 22, the two-hand buttons 22 are used for starting and stopping the hydraulic press, the safety grating 23 is arranged on the hydraulic mechanism 2, when the safety grating 23 is shielded, the safety grating 23 sends out a warning signal, the movable plate 6 stops acting, and the movable plate 6 can continue to work only by pressing the two-hand buttons 22 again.
The design of the two-handed button 22 requires that the operator must use both hands to press the button at the same time when starting or continuing the process, thereby avoiding the risk of mishandling that may result from one-handed operation. The design effectively prevents accidental starting caused by negligence or fatigue of operators, and improves the safety of equipment. Meanwhile, the safety grating 23 arranged on the hydraulic mechanism 2 is used as another safety line, and can immediately send out a warning signal when an object (such as the hand of an operator or other parts of the body) is detected to be shielded. At this time, even if the operator has pressed the both hand buttons 22, the movable plate 6 immediately stops moving, preventing crush injury or collision accidents due to accidental shielding. The flap 6 can continue to operate only when the operator removes the screen and presses the two-hand button 22 again. This design ensures the safety and reliability of the device during processing.
The hydraulic press includes a temperature control system 24 for monitoring and regulating the hydraulic oil temperature in real time to avoid equipment damage and degradation in machining accuracy due to excessive or insufficient oil temperature.
The temperature control system 24 comprises a temperature monitoring module, a cooling device and a heating device, wherein a temperature sensor is arranged in the hydraulic system to monitor the temperature of hydraulic oil in real time. The temperature sensor can be arranged at key parts such as the main oil cylinder 3, the auxiliary oil cylinder, the hydraulic pipeline, the oil tank and the like. When the temperature of the hydraulic oil exceeds the set upper limit, the cooling device is automatically started. The cooling means may be an air-cooled radiator or a water-cooled heat exchanger, the specific choice depending on the operating environment of the device and the heat dissipation requirements. When the temperature of the hydraulic oil is lower than the set lower limit, the heating device is automatically started. The heating means may be an electric heater or a heat exchanger for preheating the hydraulic oil in a low temperature environment.
The joint of the movable plate 6 and the guide post 7 is also provided with a sliding sleeve 25, the sliding sleeve 25 is made of wear-resistant materials, the sliding sleeve 25 is used for reducing friction between the movable plate 6 and the guide post 7, reducing wear, ensuring stable reciprocating movement of the movable plate 6 and reducing noise and vibration in reciprocating movement.
The bottom of the hydraulic mechanism 2 is also provided with a vibration eliminating device 26, the vibration eliminating device 26 is started after the movable plate 6 completes one-time compression processing operation and returns to the initial position, and the vibration eliminating device 26 eliminates residual stress between the movable plate 6 and the guide post 7 by generating tiny vibration, so that the precision and stability of the next processing are improved.
The vibration canceling device 26 should be designed in a structure closely coupled to the bottom of the hydraulic mechanism 2 to ensure that it can stably generate vibration. The device should contain vibration sources (such as electromagnetic vibrator, pneumatic vibrator, etc.) inside for controlling the frequency, amplitude and time of vibration. The vibration parameters of the vibration canceling device 26 should be set reasonably according to the specific conditions of the equipment and the processing requirements. The vibration frequency and amplitude should be moderate to ensure effective relief of residual stresses while avoiding excessive impact and wear on the equipment. The vibration time should also be adjusted according to the processing cycle and the state of the equipment to ensure the optimization of the abatement effect.
A nano filter screen layer is arranged in a cavity of the guide pillar 7, metal scraps are automatically adsorbed by utilizing hydraulic oil to flow, an optical fiber micro-leakage sensor is arranged at the joint of the guide pillar 7 and the main oil cylinder 3, and the optical fiber micro-leakage sensor is used for monitoring oil leakage in real time and triggering alarm. The nano filter screen layer and the optical fiber micro leakage sensor can prolong the replacement period of hydraulic oil, reduce the maintenance cost and prevent sudden leakage accidents.
Magnetorheological fluid is injected into the sliding sleeve 25, and an electromagnetic coil is embedded on the surface of the guide post. In the pressing process, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is changed by controlling the current intensity, so that the dynamic locking of the movable plate 6 is realized, the micro-displacement at the moment of pressing is eliminated, and the machining precision is improved to the micron level.
The inner wall of the cavity of the guide post 7 is provided with a spiral damping groove 27, and the spiral damping groove 27 is used for destroying the fluid resonance frequency. When the guide post 7 is used as a hydraulic channel, high-pressure oil flow can cause resonance, and the machining precision is affected.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should not be considered as limiting the invention, since modifications may be made in the specific embodiments and application scope of the invention in light of the teachings of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种油压机，其特征在于：包括充液机构(1)、与充液机构(1)配合使用的液压机构(2)；所述液压机构(2)包括主油缸(3)、底座(4)、顶梁(5)以及安装在底座(4)和顶梁(5)之间的活动板(6)，底座(4)与顶梁(5)之间安装有多根导柱(7)，活动板(6)往复移动安装在多根导柱(7)上，所述活动板(6)靠近底座(4)的一端还设有伸缩杆体(8)，伸缩杆体(8)用于辅助带动活动板(6)在底座(4)和顶梁(5)之间往复移动；主油缸(3)安装在底座(4)下方，所述导柱(7)为空腔结构且与主油缸(3)相连通，充液机构(1)用于向主油缸(3)充液，主油缸(3)充液后带动导柱(7)内压力上升，导柱(7)内压力上升带动活动板(6)向顶梁(5)靠近对待加工产品进行压缩加工操作，加工完成后，充液机构(1)停止充液并泄压回流，主油缸(3)和导柱(7)腔体内的压力逐渐释放，活动板(6)在伸缩杆体(8)的辅助下返回初始位置。1. A hydraulic press, characterized in that it comprises a filling mechanism (1) and a hydraulic mechanism (2) used in conjunction with the filling mechanism (1); the hydraulic mechanism (2) comprises a main oil cylinder (3), a base (4), a top beam (5), and a movable plate (6) installed between the base (4) and the top beam (5); a plurality of guide pillars (7) are installed between the base (4) and the top beam (5); the movable plate (6) is reciprocatingly installed on the plurality of guide pillars (7); a telescopic rod (8) is further provided at one end of the movable plate (6) close to the base (4); the telescopic rod (8) is used to assist in driving the movable plate (6) between the base (4) and the top beam (5); the main oil cylinder (3) is installed below the base (4); the guide column (7) is a hollow structure and is connected to the main oil cylinder (3); the filling mechanism (1) is used to fill the main oil cylinder (3); after the main oil cylinder (3) is filled with liquid, the pressure in the guide column (7) is increased; the increased pressure in the guide column (7) drives the movable plate (6) to approach the top beam (5) to perform compression processing on the product to be processed; after the processing is completed, the filling mechanism (1) stops filling and releases pressure to flow back, the pressure in the main oil cylinder (3) and the guide column (7) cavity is gradually released, and the movable plate (6) returns to the initial position with the assistance of the telescopic rod (8). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种油压机，其特征在于：所述油压机还包括顶升机构(9)，所述顶升机构(9)设置在底座(4)上，所述顶升机构(9)包括驱动件(11)、与驱动件(11)输出端相连接的顶升杆体(12)，底座(4)与活动板(6)上均设有相连通的顶升孔(13)；驱动件(11)驱动顶升杆体(12)在底座(4)与活动板(6)上的顶升孔(13)往复移动，将放置在活动板(6)上已加工产品从活动板(6)上顶出。2. A hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic press also includes a lifting mechanism (9), the lifting mechanism (9) is arranged on the base (4), the lifting mechanism (9) includes a driving member (11), a lifting rod body (12) connected to the output end of the driving member (11), and the base (4) and the movable plate (6) are both provided with interconnected lifting holes (13); the driving member (11) drives the lifting rod body (12) to reciprocate in the lifting holes (13) on the base (4) and the movable plate (6), so as to eject the processed products placed on the movable plate (6) from the movable plate (6). 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种油压机，其特征在于：所述油压机还包括安装在主油缸(3)内部的副缸体(14)，所述副缸体(14)的容积小于主油缸(3)的容积，副缸体(14)用于在初始阶段快速推动活动板(6)上行；所述副缸体(14)与主油缸(3)通过液压管路相连通，副缸体(14)与导柱(7)相连通，充液机构(1)将液压油输出到副缸体(14)，副缸体(14)液压上升来带动导柱(7)内压力上升，导柱(7)内压力上升带动活动板(6)向顶梁(5)靠近对待加工产品进行压缩加工操作。3. A hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic press also includes a sub-cylinder body (14) installed inside the main cylinder (3), the volume of the sub-cylinder body (14) is smaller than the volume of the main cylinder (3), and the sub-cylinder body (14) is used to quickly push the movable plate (6) upward in the initial stage; the sub-cylinder body (14) is connected to the main cylinder (3) through a hydraulic pipeline, and the sub-cylinder body (14) is connected to the guide column (7), and the filling mechanism (1) outputs the hydraulic oil to the sub-cylinder body (14), and the hydraulic pressure of the sub-cylinder body (14) rises to drive the pressure in the guide column (7) to rise, and the pressure rise in the guide column (7) drives the movable plate (6) to approach the top beam (5) to perform compression processing operations on the product to be processed. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种油压机，其特征在于：所述充液机构(1)还包括背压阀组(15)，副缸体(14)设有与背压阀组(15)相连通的控制阀(16)，充液机构(1)向副缸体(14)充液，当副缸体(14)腔内压力上升至背压阀组(15)设定的压力值时，副缸体(14)的控制阀(16)打开，液压油经由副缸体(14)向主油缸(3)进行充液并关闭副缸体(14)充液通道，主油缸(3)腔内压力快速上升带动活动板(6)向顶梁(5)靠近对待加工产品进行压缩加工操作。4. A hydraulic press according to claim 3, characterized in that: the filling mechanism (1) also includes a back pressure valve group (15), the auxiliary cylinder body (14) is provided with a control valve (16) connected to the back pressure valve group (15), the filling mechanism (1) fills the auxiliary cylinder body (14) with liquid, and when the pressure in the auxiliary cylinder body (14) cavity rises to the pressure value set by the back pressure valve group (15), the control valve (16) of the auxiliary cylinder body (14) opens, and the hydraulic oil is filled into the main cylinder (3) through the auxiliary cylinder body (14) and the filling channel of the auxiliary cylinder body (14) is closed, and the pressure in the cavity of the main cylinder (3) rises rapidly, driving the movable plate (6) to approach the top beam (5) to perform compression processing operations on the product to be processed. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种油压机，其特征在于：所述导柱(7)腔内底部设有弹性件(17)，弹性件(17)用于辅助活动板(6)回到初始位置，防止活动板(6)因泄压造成的晃动或偏移，从而提高加工精度。5. A hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic member (17) is provided at the bottom of the guide column (7) cavity, and the elastic member (17) is used to assist the movable plate (6) to return to the initial position to prevent the movable plate (6) from shaking or deflecting due to pressure relief, thereby improving the processing accuracy. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种油压机，其特征在于：所述油压机还包括控制中心(18)，控制中心(18)包括紧急回程装置(19)，液压机构(2)上设有压力传感器(21)，当压力传感器(21)检测到液压机构(2)压力异常或设备运行出现故障时，控制中心(18)立即启动紧急回程装置(19)，活动板(6)停止合模动作并回到初始位置，在回程到初始位置后，顶升机构(9)完成一次加工产品顶出动作并结束油压机运行状态。6. A hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic press also includes a control center (18), the control center (18) includes an emergency return device (19), and a pressure sensor (21) is provided on the hydraulic mechanism (2). When the pressure sensor (21) detects that the pressure of the hydraulic mechanism (2) is abnormal or the equipment fails to operate, the control center (18) immediately starts the emergency return device (19), the movable plate (6) stops the mold closing action and returns to the initial position, and after returning to the initial position, the lifting mechanism (9) completes a product ejection action and ends the operation state of the hydraulic press. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种油压机，其特征在于：所述控制中心(18)还包括双手按钮(22)，双手按钮(22)用于启闭油压机，液压机构(2)上安装有安全光栅(23)，当遮挡安全光栅(23)，安全光栅(23)发出警示信号且活动板(6)停止动作，再次按下双手按钮(22)活动板(6)才可继续工作。7. A hydraulic press according to claim 6, characterized in that: the control center (18) also includes a two-hand button (22), the two-hand button (22) is used to start and close the hydraulic press, and a safety grating (23) is installed on the hydraulic mechanism (2). When the safety grating (23) is blocked, the safety grating (23) sends a warning signal and the movable plate (6) stops moving. The movable plate (6) can continue to work only when the two-hand button (22) is pressed again. 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种油压机，其特征在于：所述油压机包括温度控制系统(24)，用于实时监测并调节液压油温度，避免由于油温过高或过低导致的设备损坏和加工精度下降。8. A hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic press includes a temperature control system (24) for real-time monitoring and adjusting the temperature of the hydraulic oil to avoid equipment damage and reduced processing accuracy due to excessively high or low oil temperature. 9.根据权利要求1所述的一种油压机，其特征在于：所述活动板(6)与导柱(7)的连接处还设有滑动套壳(25)，滑动套壳(25)由耐磨材料制成，滑动套壳(25)用于减少活动板(6)与导柱(7)之间的摩擦。9. A hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: a sliding sleeve (25) is also provided at the connection between the movable plate (6) and the guide column (7), and the sliding sleeve (25) is made of wear-resistant material, and the sliding sleeve (25) is used to reduce the friction between the movable plate (6) and the guide column (7). 10.根据权利要求1所述的一种油压机，其特征在于：所述液压机构(2)底部还设有震动消除装置(26)，震动消除装置(26)在活动板(6)完成一次压缩加工操作并返回初始位置后启动，震动消除装置(26)通过产生微小的振动来消除活动板(6)和导柱(7)之间的残余应力，提高下次加工的精度和稳定性。10. A hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: a vibration elimination device (26) is also provided at the bottom of the hydraulic mechanism (2), and the vibration elimination device (26) is started after the movable plate (6) completes a compression processing operation and returns to the initial position. The vibration elimination device (26) eliminates the residual stress between the movable plate (6) and the guide column (7) by generating tiny vibrations, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the next processing.
CN202510197163.1A 2025-02-21 2025-02-21 A hydraulic press Active CN119871973B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004337867A (en) * 2003-05-13 2004-12-02 Kawasaki Hydromechanics Corp Hydraulic press without oil tank
KR20080011609A (en) * 2006-07-31 2008-02-05 현대자동차주식회사 Punch press device
CN101670672A (en) * 2009-08-14 2010-03-17 天津市天锻压力机有限公司 Combined framewrok non pull rod type glass product hydraulic press with adjustable stroke
CN204451245U (en) * 2014-10-31 2015-07-08 佛山市宏德机器制造有限公司 One is moved formula rapid oil press
CN219114846U (en) * 2022-11-16 2023-06-02 上海普莱克斯自动设备制造有限公司 Can realize hydraulic press of side cut
CN117325499A (en) * 2023-09-28 2024-01-02 南京宁庆数控机床制造有限公司 Machine tool processing sweeps cake pressing device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004337867A (en) * 2003-05-13 2004-12-02 Kawasaki Hydromechanics Corp Hydraulic press without oil tank
KR20080011609A (en) * 2006-07-31 2008-02-05 현대자동차주식회사 Punch press device
CN101670672A (en) * 2009-08-14 2010-03-17 天津市天锻压力机有限公司 Combined framewrok non pull rod type glass product hydraulic press with adjustable stroke
CN204451245U (en) * 2014-10-31 2015-07-08 佛山市宏德机器制造有限公司 One is moved formula rapid oil press
CN219114846U (en) * 2022-11-16 2023-06-02 上海普莱克斯自动设备制造有限公司 Can realize hydraulic press of side cut
CN117325499A (en) * 2023-09-28 2024-01-02 南京宁庆数控机床制造有限公司 Machine tool processing sweeps cake pressing device

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