Device and process for reducing internal stress and membrane surface defects of wet diaphragm
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a process for reducing internal stress and membrane surface defects of a wet diaphragm, and belongs to the field of manufacturing of lithium battery diaphragms.
Background
The lithium battery mainly comprises four key materials of an anode, a cathode, electrolyte and a diaphragm, wherein the diaphragm which is used as the key material for battery production has the main effects of isolating the anode and the cathode, avoiding the internal short circuit of the battery, providing a channel for ion transfer between the anode and the cathode and ensuring the completion of the lithium ion charging and discharging process. Under the abnormal condition, the diaphragm can automatically close the pores to block ion transmission, so that safety accidents are avoided.
The existing diaphragms in the market mainly comprise a wet method and a dry method, wherein in the production process of the wet method, equipment stretches cast sheets and the diaphragms under different directions and under different tensile force conditions, and according to the force and energy transmission principle, the force and energy generated by the equipment are finally accumulated in the diaphragms and cannot be released, and finally internal stress is reserved in the diaphragms, so that the diaphragm products are cracked, curled or the size of materials is changed in the next production process.
The current wet diaphragm production process flow mainly comprises casting, longitudinal stretching, transverse stretching 1, extraction, transverse stretching 2, rolling, primary slitting and packaging, wherein in the extraction working section, an oil film which is longitudinally and transversely stretched directly enters an extraction tank, a water seal is arranged at an extraction inlet for preventing leakage or volatilization of an extracting agent, a large amount of oil-water mixture is arranged on the surface of the oil film after the oil film passes through the water seal, the oil-water mixture is brought into the whole extraction section along with the diaphragm in the diaphragm operation process, and finally, oil spots can be formed along with the diaphragm to the roller surface of a drying section, and the diaphragm generates continuous bright spots after the diaphragm contacts with the oil spots. In addition, after the diaphragm passes through the extraction working section, after the pore-forming agent in the oil film is replaced by the extraction agent, the diaphragm can retract, and the stressed state of the diaphragm can change, and meanwhile, the temperature in the extraction process is different from the temperature in the stretching process, so that stress can be accumulated in the diaphragm in the continuous operation process of the diaphragm.
Therefore, firstly, the diaphragm with internal stress can crack or curl in the processing process, so that the qualification rate of the diaphragm product is reduced, and secondly, if the diaphragm with residual strong internal stress is used for producing a lithium ion battery, the battery can deform in the charging and discharging processes, and the safety performance of the battery cannot be guaranteed.
In summary, in order to reduce the loss of diaphragm production enterprises and enhance the safety performance of batteries, it is imperative to design and develop a production process for reducing the internal stress and the surface defects of wet diaphragm, and the problems in the existing diaphragm production process are to be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a process for reducing internal stress and film surface defects of a wet diaphragm, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
On the one hand, the invention provides a device for reducing internal stress and membrane surface defects of a wet membrane, which comprises an inlet dewatering device, a membrane flattening device and an outlet liquid removing device, wherein the inlet dewatering device is arranged in an inlet of an extraction tank and is used for scraping an oil-water mixture brought out of water seal liquid by inertia on the surface of the membrane, the outlet liquid removing device is arranged outside an outlet of the extraction tank and is used for scraping an extractant brought out of two sides of the membrane by inertia, the membrane flattening device is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the interior of the extraction tank, the membrane flattening device is used for clamping two sides of the membrane to apply transverse tension to the membrane, the device comprises two groups of clamping rollers, a bottom plate and a sliding adjusting mechanism, the sliding adjusting mechanism comprises a sliding rail, a sliding block and a driving gear set, the sliding rail is arranged on the bottom plate, the sliding block is slidably arranged on the sliding rail, the two groups of clamping rollers are connected with the sliding block, and the driving gear set drives the sliding block to move on the sliding rail and further drives the two groups of clamping rollers to move.
Further, the driving gear set comprises a rack, a gear and a gear shaft, the rack is arranged on the bottom plate, the gear is arranged at the bottom end of the gear shaft and meshed with the rack, the gear shaft is vertically arranged on the sliding block through a bearing, and the upper end of the gear shaft is provided with a cross rod.
Further, the bottom plate is arranged at one end of the rib plate, the other end of the rib plate is fixedly connected with a welding plate, and the welding plate is fixedly provided with a total fixing plate.
Further, the end parts of the clamping rollers are provided with guide chamfers which are convenient for the diaphragm to enter between the two rollers, and the two groups of clamping rollers are clamped through springs.
Further, the inlet dewatering device comprises a dewatering roller and a dewatering roller base, and the dewatering roller is installed on the dewatering roller base in a lifting mode.
Furthermore, the diameter of the dewatering roller is 120-200mm, the length of the dewatering roller is consistent with that of the extraction roller of the extraction tank, the surface finish is more than or equal to 13 levels, and the height of the center of the dewatering roller after installation is 0-100mm lower than that of the 1 st roller of the inlet of the extraction tank.
Furthermore, the dewatering roller base is provided with a graduated scale and a lifting frame, the lifting frame drives the dewatering roller to move up and down, and the lifting frame adopts a scissor fork type structure.
Further, the outlet liquid removing device comprises two eradicating liquid rollers and a liquid removing roller base, and the surfaces of the two eradicating liquid rollers are wrapped with fluororubber or silicon rubber.
Furthermore, the diameter of the liquid removing roller is 100-200mm, the length of the liquid removing roller is consistent with that of the extraction roller of the extraction tank, the surface finish is more than or equal to 13 levels, and the two liquid removing rollers are arranged up and down and are installed at a certain angle.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a process for reducing the internal stress and the film surface defect of the wet diaphragm, which comprises the following steps of:
step one, a stretched and shaped diaphragm enters an extraction inlet water seal tank, passes through the lower part of the liquid level at the inlet end and then enters the extraction tank from the outlet of the water seal tank;
The position of the dewatering roller can be adjusted horizontally and vertically during or before scraping so as to adjust the contact angle of the diaphragm and the roller and further adjust the magnitude of friction force;
Step three, the diaphragm is driven up and down in the extraction tank after passing through the inlet dewatering device, and at the moment, transverse tension is applied to the diaphragm by a clamping roller of the diaphragm flattening device, so that retraction internal stress generated by disappearance of pore-forming agent in the extraction process of the diaphragm is eliminated;
fourthly, after the multi-section flattening, the diaphragm reaches the extraction outlet end, the diaphragms coming out of the outlet end are all provided with the extractant due to inertia, and at the moment, the extractant on the two sides of the diaphragm is scraped by the outlet liquid removing device;
and fifthly, putting the diaphragms which are flattened by multiple sections and removed of liquid into a drying furnace for drying.
The invention has the advantages that the internal force of the diaphragm can be eliminated by the additional installation of the clamping roller, the device has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and the internal stress generated in the transmission process of the diaphragm can be eliminated, so that the production of the low internal stress wet diaphragm can be effectively realized, and meanwhile, the device can realize the effective flattening of the diaphragm and the reduction of defects in the production process of the diaphragm.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the attachment of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the inlet water removal device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the diaphragm flattening device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the diaphragm flattening device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the diaphragm flattening device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the outlet liquid removal device of the present invention.
The drawing is marked by a 1-water seal tank, a 2-extraction tank, a 3-inlet dewatering device, a 301-dewatering roller base, a 302-dewatering roller, a 303-lifting frame, a 304-sliding rail, a 305-coupling, a 4-diaphragm flattening device, a 401-bottom plate, a 402-clamping roller, a 403-sliding block, a 404-sliding rail, a 405-gear, a 406-rack, a 407-gear shaft, a 408-cross bar, a 409-rib plate, a 410-welding plate, a 411-total fixed plate, a 412-guiding chamfer, a 413-spring, a 5-outlet liquid removing device, a 501-liquid removing roller and a 502-liquid removing roller base.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the device for reducing internal stress and membrane surface defects of the wet-process membrane comprises an inlet water removing device 3, a membrane flattening device 4 and an outlet liquid removing device 5, wherein the inlet water removing device 3 is arranged inside an inlet of an extraction tank 2 and is used for scraping an oil-water mixture brought out of water seal liquid by inertia on the surface of the membrane, the outlet liquid removing device 5 is arranged outside an outlet of the extraction tank 2 and is used for scraping an extracting agent brought out of two sides of the membrane by inertia, the membrane flattening devices 4 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the inside of the extraction tank 2, and the membrane flattening devices 4 are used for clamping two sides of the membrane and applying transverse tension to the membrane.
As shown in fig. 2, the inlet dewatering device 3 includes a dewatering roller 302 and a dewatering roller base 301, and the dewatering roller 302 is installed on the dewatering roller base 301 in a liftable manner. The diameter of the dewatering roller 302 is 120-200mm, the length of the dewatering roller is consistent with that of the extraction roller of the extraction tank, the surface finish is more than or equal to 13 levels, and the height of the center of the dewatering roller 302 after installation is 0-100mm lower than that of the 1 st roller of the inlet of the extraction tank. The dewatering roller base 301 is provided with a graduated scale and a lifting frame 303, the lifting frame 303 drives the dewatering roller to move up and down, and the specific lifting frame 303 adopts an existing scissor fork structure. The inlet water removal device 3 can effectively scrape the oil-water mixture brought out of the water seal liquid by inertia on the surface of an oil film through the reverse friction force generated between the inlet water removal device and the water removal roller 302 in the diaphragm operation process, so that the diaphragm defect caused by bringing the oil-water mixture into the rear section is reduced.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the diaphragm flattening device 4 includes two sets of clamping rollers 402, a bottom plate 401 and a sliding adjustment mechanism, wherein the two sets of clamping rollers 402 are arranged in parallel, the sliding adjustment mechanism includes a sliding rail 404, a sliding block 403 and a driving gear set, the sliding rail 404 is installed on the bottom plate 401, the sliding block 403 is slidably installed on the sliding rail 404, the two sets of clamping rollers 402 are connected with the sliding block 403, and the driving gear set drives the sliding block 403 to move on the sliding rail 404 so as to drive the two sets of clamping rollers 402 to move.
Specifically, the driving gear set includes a rack 406, a gear 405 and a gear shaft 407, the rack 406 is mounted on the base plate 401, the gear 405 is mounted at the bottom end of the gear shaft 407 and is meshed with the rack 406, the gear shaft 407 is vertically mounted on the slider 403 through a bearing, and a cross bar 408 is mounted at the upper end of the gear shaft 407. The bottom plate 401 is installed at one end of the rib plate 409, the other end of the rib plate 409 is fixedly connected with a welding plate 410, and a total fixing plate 411 is fixed on the welding plate 410.
Preferably, the clamping roller 402 is provided with a guide chamfer 412 at the end to facilitate the entry of the diaphragm between the rollers, and the clamping of the two sets of clamping rollers is achieved by means of springs 413.
The diaphragm flattening device can manually adjust the position of the sliding block on the sliding rail, so that the left-right movement of the clamping roller can be realized according to the width of the diaphragm. The device is arranged at the left and right sides of the middle of the extraction tank along the advancing direction of the diaphragm, the contact distance between the diaphragm and the clamping roller is about 50-100mm away from the edge, the diaphragm is transversely flattened through the clamping roller, the internal stress generated by retraction of the diaphragm after the pore-forming placeholder is extracted can be effectively released, the formation of wrinkles on the diaphragm is reduced, and the precipitation of the pore-forming agent is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 6, the outlet liquid removing device comprises two eradicating liquid rollers 501 and a liquid removing roller base 502, and the surfaces of the two eradicating liquid rollers 501 are wrapped with fluororubber or silicone rubber. The diameter of the liquid removing roller 501 is 100-200mm, the length is consistent with that of the extraction roller of the extraction tank, the surface finish is more than or equal to 13 levels, the two liquid removing rollers 501 are arranged up and down and are installed at a certain angle, the two rollers respectively and reversely scrape the extractant brought out by inertia on the two sides of the diaphragm, the liquid removing roller 501 is made of rubber materials, condensed water caused by roller surface temperature difference due to volatilization of the extractant can be effectively avoided, and film surface defects caused by condensation of roller surface vapor after roller surface temperature reduction due to volatilization of the extractant are reduced.
Example two
The process for reducing the internal stress and the film surface defects of the wet diaphragm comprises the following steps of adding the device in the first embodiment into an extraction tank for extraction:
step one, a stretched and shaped diaphragm enters an extraction inlet water seal tank, passes through the lower part of the liquid level at the inlet end and then enters the extraction tank from the outlet of the water seal tank;
The position of the dewatering roller can be adjusted horizontally and vertically during or before scraping so as to adjust the contact angle of the diaphragm and the roller and further adjust the magnitude of friction force;
Step three, the diaphragm is driven up and down in the extraction tank after passing through the inlet dewatering device, the diaphragm is retracted after the pore-forming agent in the diaphragm after the extraction liquid is extracted and separated out, at the moment, the transverse tension is applied to the diaphragm by the clamping roller of the diaphragm flattening device, and the retraction internal stress generated by the disappearance of the pore-forming agent in the extraction process of the diaphragm is eliminated;
fourthly, after the multi-section flattening, the diaphragm reaches the extraction outlet end, the diaphragms coming out of the outlet end are all provided with the extractant due to inertia, and at the moment, the extractant on the two sides of the diaphragm is scraped by the outlet liquid removing device;
and fifthly, putting the diaphragms which are flattened by multiple sections and removed of liquid into a drying furnace for drying.
The process comprises the steps of introducing a scraping liquid and flattening device, wherein a stretched oil film is pulled into an extraction device, the process complexity in the extraction process is increased in proportion due to the fact that the viscosity of paraffin oil is too high, the process is used for removing moisture on the surface of the diaphragm through an inlet reverse dewatering roller, the contact area of the diaphragm and the extractant is increased, the reverse tension action of the flattening nip roller on the diaphragm through the inlet of each extraction tank is used for eliminating the retraction internal stress generated by the disappearance of the pore-forming agent in the extraction process of the diaphragm, and when the diaphragm moves to an extraction outlet, the loss of the extractant can be effectively reduced after the extractant is scraped through the temperature reverse dewatering roller device, and the diaphragm defect caused by the residual pore-forming agent on the surface of the extractant due to the movement inertia of the diaphragm is reduced.
In conclusion, the wet diaphragm prepared by the extraction process fundamentally eliminates the residual stress and the reason for forming surface defects in the diaphragm, and effectively reduces the internal stress and the surface defects of the wet diaphragm. Meanwhile, the inlet water removing device, the diaphragm flattening device and the outlet liquid removing device 3 groups of devices can be combined to use or can be separated to use so as to achieve different effects.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution and the like fall within the scope of the present invention. The invention is not related in part to the same as or can be practiced with the prior art.