CN119655125A - A vegetation blanket laying device and laying method for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas - Google Patents

A vegetation blanket laying device and laying method for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119655125A
CN119655125A CN202510103091.XA CN202510103091A CN119655125A CN 119655125 A CN119655125 A CN 119655125A CN 202510103091 A CN202510103091 A CN 202510103091A CN 119655125 A CN119655125 A CN 119655125A
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China
Prior art keywords
vegetation
laying
box
blanket
roll
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CN202510103091.XA
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CN119655125B (en
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高泽永
杨林山
商允虎
吴旭阳
鞠鑫
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Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
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Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
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Publication of CN119655125A publication Critical patent/CN119655125A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a vegetation blanket laying device and a vegetation blanket laying method for ecological restoration in a frozen soil area, wherein a cavity for storing heavy objects is arranged in a first travelling wheel of the laying device, a discharge hole communicated with the cavity is arranged on the annular outer surface of the first travelling wheel, an arc-shaped storage tank for storing vegetation rolls is arranged above a frame, and a laying box for placing the vegetation rolls to be laid is arranged below the frame.

Description

Vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil area and laying method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to a vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in a frozen soil area and a vegetation blanket laying method.
Background
The ecological restoration of the frozen soil area is one of important research and practice fields in the global climate change background. The frozen soil area has special soil thermodynamic characteristics and fragile ecological environment, and once damaged, the recovery difficulty is extremely high. Because the earth surface of the frozen soil area is loose and vegetation coverage is rare, the soil is easily eroded by external forces such as wind erosion, water erosion and the like, the soil is further degraded, and serious threat is generated to regional ecological balance. Therefore, the rapid recovery of vegetation is realized by paving vegetation carpets and the like, and the surface soil is stabilized, so that the method is one of common means for ecologically restoring the frozen soil area.
The existing vegetation blanket laying technology mainly relies on manual operation, and has the problems of low construction efficiency, high labor intensity, poor compaction effect and the like. In addition, when the traditional paving device is applied to a frozen soil area, the construction effect is often influenced due to insufficient environmental adaptability. For example, the high hardness of soil and the strong action of wind in low temperature environments may result in vegetation carpets that are unstable to be blown up by wind or that do not effectively conform to the ground. Therefore, a special vegetation blanket laying device and method designed for the frozen soil area are needed to adapt to special geology and climate conditions, ensure quick and efficient laying of vegetation blankets, improve compaction effect and promote long-acting and stability of ecological restoration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in a frozen soil area, aiming at the technical defects of low vegetation blanket laying efficiency and poor compaction effect in the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a paving method based on the vegetation blanket paving device.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a frozen soil district ecological remediation is with vegetation blanket laying device, includes the frame, set up in the first walking wheel of frame bottom rear side, set up in the second walking wheel of frame bottom front side, set up in the arc storage tank that frame top is used for storing the vegetation volume, with the tripper that the lower extreme notch of arc storage tank links up mutually, be located the laying box of tripper below, be located lay the incasement and carry out positioning mechanism and the drive of vegetation volume the tripper with positioning mechanism's actuating mechanism, wherein:
the vegetation roll comprises a winding drum and a vegetation blanket wound on the winding drum;
the interior of the first travelling wheel is provided with a cavity for storing heavy objects, and the annular appearance of the first travelling wheel is provided with a discharge hole communicated with the cavity;
A blanking port is formed in the frame and is positioned at the top port of the laying box;
The distributor is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, the distributor is cylindrical, an opening for the vegetation roll to enter is formed in a side wall plate of the distributor, when the opening faces to a notch at the lower end of the arc-shaped storage tank, the vegetation roll enters the distributor under the action of gravity and rotates along with the distributor, when the opening faces to the laying tank, the vegetation roll enters the laying tank through the blanking port under the action of gravity, and one side of the side wall plate, which is not opened, rotates to the notch at the lower end of the arc-shaped storage tank to seal the notch;
The positioning mechanism comprises two supporting plates which are oppositely arranged on the front side and the rear side of the laying box and two groups of telescopic positioning components which are oppositely arranged on the left side and the right side of the laying box, the two supporting plates form a V-shaped groove for supporting a vegetation roll, and each group of telescopic positioning components comprises a guide cylinder fixed on the side wall of the laying box and an inserting rod sleeved on the guide cylinder in a penetrating way through a first elastic piece;
The driving mechanism comprises a first motor, a driving gear fixed on the output end of the first motor, a driven gear meshed with the driving gear and a connecting shaft coaxially and fixedly connected with the driven gear, one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a distributor, the other end of the connecting shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotary table, the other end of the distributor is also coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotary table, each rotary table is connected with a group of clamping assemblies, each clamping assembly comprises a connecting rod eccentrically and rotatably connected with the rotary table, a positioning block is fixed on the side wall of the laying box, a guide groove is formed in the positioning block, a sliding rod is slidably arranged in the guide groove, the top of the sliding rod is hinged with the connecting rod, a wedge plate is fixed on the inner side surface of the bottom of the sliding rod, and the outer end of the inserting rod is tightly contacted with the inclined surface of the wedge plate under the elastic action of a first elastic piece;
The vegetation blanket laying machine is characterized in that a power box is arranged on the front side of the laying box, two rollers which are oppositely arranged are arranged in the power box, an avoidance opening is formed in a partition plate adjacent to the power box and the laying box, a vegetation blanket outlet is formed in the bottom of the power box, and operation doors are respectively arranged on the laying box and the power box.
In the above technical scheme, the distributor comprises two discs and an arc-shaped groove drum fixedly arranged between the two discs, and the opening is arranged on the arc-shaped groove drum.
In the technical scheme, the inner end of the guide cylinder is fixed with the limiting ring, the inserting rod is fixed with the convex ring, and the first elastic piece is arranged between the limiting ring and the convex ring.
In the above technical solution, the first elastic member is a spring.
In the technical scheme, a gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to each roller, the two gears are in meshed connection, a second motor is fixed on the outer side wall of the power box, and one gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor.
In the above technical scheme, the top of backup pad articulates on the inner wall of laying the case, install the bracing piece between the bottom of backup pad and the inner wall of laying the case, the bracing piece is cylinder or electric putter, the bottom of bracing piece rotates to be connected on the inner wall of laying the case, the top of bracing piece rotates to be connected in the bottom of backup pad.
In the above technical scheme, the waste gate is seted up to the bottom of laying the case, the lower extreme in "V" shape groove forms the waste gate that supplies the reel to pass, and the width of waste gate is greater than the external diameter of reel.
In the above technical scheme, the bottom of headstock is equipped with the stand pipe, the guiding hole is seted up to the bottom of stand pipe, and the second walking wheel includes "T" shape guide bar with guiding hole sliding connection, and the lower extreme of "T" shape guide bar is fixed with "U" shape frame, rotates between the both sides wall of "U" shape frame to be connected with the gyro wheel, is provided with the second elastic component between "U" shape frame and the stand pipe.
In the above technical solution, the second elastic member is a spring.
In another aspect of the present invention, the method for paving a vegetation blanket for ecological restoration in a frozen soil area comprises the steps of:
Sequentially placing standby vegetation rolls in an arc-shaped storage tank, and filling weights such as soil into the cavities in the first travelling wheels through the discharge holes;
Starting a first motor, driving a distributor to rotate by the first motor, transferring a vegetation roll in an arc-shaped storage tank into a V-shaped groove of a laying tank by the distributor, supporting the vegetation roll by the V-shaped groove, driving a rotary table to rotate while starting the first motor, driving a wedge plate to vertically move downwards by the rotary table through a connecting rod and a sliding rod, extruding an inserting rod inwards by the inclined surface of the wedge plate, and inserting the inserting rod into a winding drum in the center of the vegetation roll;
pulling one end of the vegetation blanket out of the avoidance opening, then passing between the two rollers, taking out of the vegetation blanket outlet, and pressing the vegetation blanket under the second travelling wheel and the first travelling wheel;
closing the first motor, pushing the frame forwards, moving the frame on the road surface under the drive of the first travelling wheel and the second travelling wheel, gradually spreading the vegetation blanket from the vegetation roll and paving the vegetation blanket on the road surface, discharging the heavy objects from the cavity to the vegetation blanket through the discharge hole, and compacting and fixing the vegetation blanket;
in the laying process, the radial dimension of the vegetation roll is reduced, so that the vegetation roll is suspended by being separated from the support of the V-shaped groove;
When the vegetation rolls in the laying box are laid completely, the first motor is started again, the first motor drives the distributor to rotate again, the lowest vegetation roll in the arc-shaped storage groove is fed into the laying box, and then the vegetation blanket on the vegetation roll positioned in the laying box is pulled out from the avoiding opening and the vegetation blanket outlet and the frame is continuously moved for laying.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes one driving mechanism to simultaneously drive the distributor for controlling blanking and the positioning mechanism for positioning the vegetation rolls, improves the stability and reliability of mechanical operation, simplifies the driving system of equipment, reduces the manufacturing cost and is convenient for large-scale popularization and application.
2. When the vegetation roll receives larger friction force and can not be unfolded, the vegetation blanket in the vegetation roll can be pulled by the second motor driving roller, so that the vegetation blanket is ensured to be continuously output, and the continuity of vegetation blanket laying operation is improved.
3. After the vegetation blanket is gradually unfolded and paved on the road surface, the heavy objects are discharged from the cavity to the vegetation blanket through the discharge hole, the unfolded part of the vegetation blanket is compacted and fixed, the vegetation blanket is prevented from being blown up by wind, the erosion and the scouring of soil in a frozen soil area are reduced, the water and soil loss of the surface is reduced, and the heat preservation effect is achieved so as to improve the survival rate of vegetation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front cross-sectional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a side cross-sectional portion of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure A in FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the power box of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the rear view of the power box of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first traveling wheel.
The device comprises a frame 1, a frame 2, a first travelling wheel, a second travelling wheel 3, a first 301, a U-shaped frame 302, a roller 303, a T-shaped guide rod 304, a second elastic piece, a 4, a laying box, a5, a vegetation roll, a 6, a avoiding port, a 7, a blanking port, a 8, a distributor, a 801, a disc, a 802, an arc-shaped grooved drum, a 9, an arc-shaped storage groove, a 10, a support rod 11, a support plate, a 12, a winding drum 13, a waste gate 14, a guide drum 15, a plunger 16, a limiting ring 17, a convex ring 18, a first elastic piece, a 19, a first motor, a 20, a driving gear, a 21, a driven gear, a 22, a turntable, a 23, a connecting rod 24, a guide groove 25, a slide bar 26, a wedge plate 27, a guide hole, a 28, a power box, a 29, a roller, a 30, a gear 31, a second motor, a 32, a cavity 33, a discharging port, a 34, a blanket outlet, a 35, a guide tube, a 36, a connecting shaft, a 37, a positioning block 38 and a waste port.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a frozen soil district ecological remediation is with vegetation blanket laying device, includes frame 1, set up in the first walking wheel 2 of frame 1 bottom rear side, set up in the second walking wheel 3 of frame 1 bottom front side, set up in the arc storage tank 9 that frame 1 top is used for storing vegetation roll 5, with the tripper 8 that the lower extreme notch of arc storage tank 9 links up mutually, be located the laying box 4 of tripper 8 below, be located carry out positioning mechanism and the drive of positioning mechanism to vegetation roll 5 in the laying box 4 the tripper 8 with positioning mechanism's actuating mechanism, wherein:
the vegetation roll 5 comprises a reel 12 and a vegetation blanket wound on the reel 12;
a cavity 32 for storing heavy objects is formed in the first travelling wheel 2, and a discharge hole 33 communicated with the cavity 32 is formed in the annular outer surface of the first travelling wheel 2;
a blanking port 7 is formed in the frame 1, and the blanking port 7 is positioned at the top port of the laying box 4;
The distributor 8 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, the distributor 8 is cylindrical, an opening 803 for the vegetation rolls 5 to enter is formed in a side wall plate of the distributor 8, when the opening 803 faces to a notch at the lower end of the arc-shaped storage tank 9, the vegetation rolls 5 enter the distributor 8 under the action of gravity and rotate along with the distributor 8, when the opening 803 faces to the laying tank 4, the vegetation rolls 5 enter the laying tank 4 through the blanking port 7 under the action of gravity, one side of the side wall plate, which is not opened, rotates to a notch at the lower end of the arc-shaped storage tank 9 and seals the notch, preferably, the distributor 8 comprises two circular discs 801 and an arc-shaped tank 802 fixedly arranged between the two circular discs 801, the opening 803 is arranged on the arc-shaped tank 802, and when the opening 803 faces to the vegetation rolls 5 which are arranged at the lowest end and fall into the arc-shaped tank 802 in the rotation process of the distributor 8, and rotate along with the distributor 8;
The positioning mechanism comprises two supporting plates 11 which are oppositely arranged on the front side and the rear side of the laying box 4 and two groups of telescopic positioning components which are oppositely arranged on the left side and the right side of the laying box 4, the two supporting plates 11 form V-shaped grooves for supporting vegetation rolls 5, each group of telescopic positioning components comprises a guide cylinder 14 fixed on the side wall of the laying box 4 and an inserting rod 15 which is sleeved on the guide cylinder 14 through a first elastic piece 18, preferably, a limiting ring 16 is fixed at the inner end of the guide cylinder 14, a convex ring 17 is fixed on the inserting rod 15, a first elastic piece 18 is arranged between the limiting ring 16 and the convex ring 17, and more preferably, the first elastic piece 18 is a spring. The insert rod 15 can stretch and retract under the action of the first elastic piece 18;
The driving mechanism comprises a first motor 19, a driving gear 20 fixed on the output end of the first motor 19, a driven gear 21 meshed with the driving gear 20 and a connecting shaft 36 coaxially and fixedly connected with the driven gear 21, one end of the connecting shaft 36 is fixedly connected to the distributor 8, the other end is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating disc 22, the other end of the distributor 8 is also coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating disc 22, each rotating disc 22 is connected with a group of clamping assemblies, each clamping assembly comprises a connecting rod 23 eccentrically and rotatably connected to the rotating disc 22, a positioning block 37 is fixed on the side wall of the laying box 4, a guide groove 24 is formed in the positioning block 37, a sliding rod 25 is slidably arranged in the guide groove 24, the top of the sliding rod 25 is hinged with the connecting rod 23, a wedge plate 26 is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the bottom of the sliding rod 25, and the outer end of the inserting rod 15 is tightly contacted with the inclined surface of the wedge plate 26 under the elastic action of the first elastic piece 18;
The front side of the laying box 4 is provided with a power box 28, two rollers 29 which are oppositely arranged are arranged in the power box 28, a baffle plate adjacent to the laying box 4 of the power box 28 is provided with an avoidance port 6, and the bottom of the power box 28 is provided with a vegetation blanket outlet 34.
The working method of the vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in the frozen soil area is as follows:
The standby vegetation rolls 5 are sequentially placed in the arc-shaped storage tanks 9, and weights such as soil are filled into the cavities 32 in the first travelling wheels 2 through the discharge holes 33;
The first motor 19 is started, the first motor 19 drives the distributor 8 to rotate, the distributor 8 transfers the vegetation rolls 5 in the arc-shaped storage tanks 9 into V-shaped grooves of the laying boxes 4, the V-shaped grooves support the vegetation rolls 5, the first motor 19 drives the turntable 22 to rotate while being started, the turntable 22 drives the wedge plate 26 to vertically move downwards through the connecting rod 23 and the slide rod 25, the inclined surface of the wedge plate 26 extrudes the inserted rod 15 inwards, the inserted rod 15 is inserted into the winding drum 12 in the center of the vegetation rolls 5, the labor intensity is reduced, the laying speed is improved, and the diameter of the winding drum 12 can be properly enlarged in order to enable the inserted rod 15 to be smoothly inserted into the winding drum 12;
One end of the vegetation blanket is pulled out from the avoidance opening 6 and then passes through the space between the two rollers 29, is taken out from the vegetation blanket outlet 34 and is pressed below the second travelling wheel 3 and the first travelling wheel 2, and the laying box 4 and the power box 28 are respectively provided with an operation door so as to be convenient for manually pulling the vegetation blanket;
Closing the first motor 19, pushing the frame 1 forwards, moving the frame 1 on the road surface under the drive of the first travelling wheel 2 and the second travelling wheel 3, gradually spreading the vegetation blanket from the vegetation roll 5 and paving the vegetation blanket on the road surface, discharging the heavy objects from the cavity 32 to the vegetation blanket through the discharge hole 33, and compacting and fixing the vegetation blanket;
In the laying process, the radial dimension of the vegetation roll 5 is reduced, so that the vegetation roll 5 is separated from the support of the V-shaped groove and is suspended, the friction resistance of the vegetation roll 5 during the unfolding is reduced, the unfolding of the vegetation roll 5 is more convenient, and the laying speed is improved;
when the vegetation rolls 5 in the laying box 4 are completely laid, the first motor 19 is started again, the first motor 19 drives the distributor 8 to rotate again, the lowest vegetation roll 5 in the arc-shaped storage groove 9 is sent into the laying box 4, and then the vegetation blanket on the vegetation roll 5 in the laying box 4 is pulled out from the avoiding opening 6 and the vegetation blanket outlet 34, and the frame 1 is continuously moved for laying.
Example 2
In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, the driving is added to the roller 29, and when the vegetation blanket is subjected to a large friction force and cannot be unfolded, the vegetation blanket on the vegetation roll 5 can be pulled by the roller 29.
Each roller 29 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear 30, the two gears 30 are in meshed connection, a second motor 31 is fixed on the outer side wall of the power box 28, and one gear 30 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 31.
When the vegetation blanket is large in friction force and can not be unfolded, the second motor 31 is started, the second motor 31 drives the gear 30 fixedly connected with the output end of the second motor to rotate, the gear 30 drives the other gear 30 to rotate in opposite directions, and accordingly the two rollers 29 are driven to rotate in opposite directions, the vegetation blanket is unfolded under the conveying action of the two rollers 29, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the laying speed is improved.
Example 3
In order to adapt the paving device to vegetation rolls 5 with different sizes, the supporting plate 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the paving box 4 in an angle-adjustable manner through the supporting rods 10.
The top of backup pad 11 articulates on the inner wall of laying case 4, install bracing piece 10 between the bottom of backup pad 11 and the inner wall of laying case 4, bracing piece 10 is cylinder or electric putter, the bottom of bracing piece 10 rotates to be connected on the inner wall of laying case 4, the top of bracing piece 10 rotates to be connected in the bottom of backup pad 11, through the extension length of the flexible end of control cylinder or electric putter, the size of contained angle between two backup pads 11 can be controlled, and then makes the inside axis of reel 12 of vegetation volume 5 of different external diameter sizes all can be corresponding with the axis of guide cylinder 14, and then makes two inserted bars 15 insert the both ends at reel 12.
Example 4
To automatically discharge the roll 12, this embodiment provides a waste gate 13 at the bottom of the laying box 4, and the lower end of the V-shaped groove forms a waste port 38 for the roll 12 to pass through, the width of the waste port 38 being larger than the outer diameter of the roll 12.
Along with the laying of the vegetation blanket in the vegetation roll 5, only the winding drum 12 is left at last, the winding drum 12 passes through the waste port 38 and falls on the bottom of the laying box 4, and finally the vegetation blanket is uniformly taken out from the waste gate 13, so that the automatic centralized collection of the winding drum 12 is realized, the labor intensity is reduced, and the laying speed is improved.
Example 5
In order to improve the obstacle surmounting capability of the present paving apparatus, the present embodiment improves the first running wheel 2.
The bottom of the power box 28 is provided with a guide pipe 35, the bottom of the guide pipe is provided with a guide hole 27, the second travelling wheel 3 comprises a T-shaped guide rod 303 which is in sliding connection with the guide hole 27, a U-shaped frame 301 is fixed at the lower end of the T-shaped guide rod 303, rollers 302 are rotatably connected between two side walls of the U-shaped frame 301, a second elastic piece 304 is arranged between the U-shaped frame 301 and the guide pipe 35, and more preferably, the second elastic piece 304 is a spring. In the walking process, when encountering obstacles such as small stones, the roller 302 extrudes the second elastic piece 304, so that the obstacle crossing capability is improved, the roller 302 is kept to rotate continuously, the vegetation blanket is driven to be unfolded, and the laying speed is improved.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置,其特征在于,包括机架、设置于机架底部后侧的第一行走轮、设置于机架底部前侧的第二行走轮、设置于所述机架顶部用于储存植被卷的弧形储料槽、与所述弧形储料槽的下端槽口相衔接的分料器、位于所述分料器下方的铺设箱、位于所述铺设箱内对植被卷进行定位的定位机构以及驱动所述分料器和所述定位机构的驱动机构,其中:1. A vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas, characterized in that it comprises a frame, a first running wheel arranged at the rear side of the bottom of the frame, a second running wheel arranged at the front side of the bottom of the frame, an arc-shaped storage trough arranged at the top of the frame for storing vegetation rolls, a distributor connected to the lower end notch of the arc-shaped storage trough, a laying box located below the distributor, a positioning mechanism located in the laying box for positioning the vegetation roll, and a driving mechanism for driving the distributor and the positioning mechanism, wherein: 所述植被卷包括卷筒以及卷绕在所述卷筒上的植被毯;The vegetation roll comprises a drum and a vegetation blanket wound on the drum; 所述第一行走轮的内部开设有用于储存重物的空腔,所述第一行走轮的环形外表上开设有与空腔连通的出料口;A cavity for storing heavy objects is provided inside the first traveling wheel, and a discharge port communicating with the cavity is provided on the annular outer surface of the first traveling wheel; 所述机架上开设落料口,所述落料口位于所述铺设箱的顶部端口处;The frame is provided with a material drop opening, and the material drop opening is located at the top port of the laying box; 所述分料器受所述驱动机构的驱动旋转,所述分料器呈圆筒状,所述分料器的侧壁板上开设供植被卷进入的开口,当所述开口朝向弧形储料槽的下端槽口时,植被卷在重力作用下进入分料器内,随分料器旋转,当所述开口朝向铺设箱时,植被卷在重力的作用下通过落料口进入铺设箱内,而侧壁板未开口一侧旋转至弧形储料槽的下端槽口,对其进行封堵;The divider is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism. The divider is cylindrical. An opening for the vegetation roll to enter is provided on the side wall plate of the divider. When the opening faces the lower end notch of the arc-shaped storage trough, the vegetation roll enters the divider under the action of gravity and rotates with the divider. When the opening faces the laying box, the vegetation roll enters the laying box through the drop opening under the action of gravity, and the unopened side of the side wall plate rotates to the lower end notch of the arc-shaped storage trough to seal it. 所述定位机构包括相对设置在铺设箱前后两侧的两个支撑板以及相对设置在铺设箱左右两侧的两组伸缩定位组件,两个支撑板组成用于支撑植被卷的“V”形槽,每一组所述伸缩定位组件包括固定在所述铺设箱的侧壁上导向筒以及通过第一弹性件穿套在所述导向筒的插杆;The positioning mechanism includes two support plates relatively arranged on the front and rear sides of the laying box and two sets of telescopic positioning components relatively arranged on the left and right sides of the laying box, the two support plates form a "V"-shaped groove for supporting the vegetation roll, and each set of the telescopic positioning components includes a guide cylinder fixed on the side wall of the laying box and an insertion rod inserted into the guide cylinder through a first elastic member; 所述驱动机构包括第一电机、固定于所述第一电机的输出端上的主动齿轮、与所述的主动齿轮啮合连接的从动齿轮以及与所述从动齿轮同轴固定连接的连接轴,所述连接轴的一端固定连接在分料器上,另一端同轴固定有一转盘,所述分料器的另一端也同轴固定连接有一转盘,每一转盘上连接一组夹紧组件,所述夹紧组件包括偏心转动连接在所述转盘上的连杆,所述铺设箱的侧壁上固定有定位块,所述定位块上开设导向槽,所述导向槽内滑动设有滑杆,所述滑杆的顶部与所述连杆铰接,所述滑杆的底部内侧面上固定有楔形板,所述插杆的外端在第一弹性件的弹力作用下与楔形板的斜面紧密接触;The driving mechanism comprises a first motor, a driving gear fixed to an output end of the first motor, a driven gear meshing with the driving gear, and a connecting shaft coaxially fixedly connected to the driven gear, one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the distributor, and a turntable is coaxially fixed to the other end, and a turntable is also coaxially fixed to the other end of the distributor, and a group of clamping assemblies are connected to each turntable, and the clamping assembly comprises a connecting rod eccentrically connected to the turntable, a positioning block is fixed on the side wall of the laying box, a guide groove is provided on the positioning block, a sliding rod is slidably provided in the guide groove, the top of the sliding rod is hinged to the connecting rod, a wedge plate is fixed on the inner side surface of the bottom of the sliding rod, and the outer end of the insertion rod is in close contact with the inclined surface of the wedge plate under the elastic force of the first elastic member; 所述铺设箱的前侧设有动力箱,所述动力箱内设有两个相对设置的辊筒,所述动力箱与所述铺设箱相邻的隔板上设有避让口,所述动力箱的底部开设植被毯出口。A power box is arranged at the front side of the laying box, two rollers arranged opposite to each other are arranged in the power box, a clearance opening is arranged on a partition adjacent to the power box and the laying box, and a vegetation blanket outlet is arranged at the bottom of the power box. 2.如权利要求1所述的冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置,其特征在于,所述分料器包括两个圆盘及固定设置在两个圆盘之间的弧形槽筒,所述开口设置在弧形槽筒上。2. The vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the material distributor includes two discs and an arc-shaped groove cylinder fixedly arranged between the two discs, and the opening is arranged on the arc-shaped groove cylinder. 3.如权利要求1所述的冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置,其特征在于,导向筒的内端固定有限位环,插杆上固定有凸环,限位环与凸环之间设置有第一弹性件。3. The vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas as described in claim 1 is characterized in that a limiting ring is fixed to the inner end of the guide cylinder, a convex ring is fixed on the insertion rod, and a first elastic member is arranged between the limiting ring and the convex ring. 4.如权利要求3所述的冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置,其特征在于,所述第一弹性件为弹簧。4. The vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas as described in claim 3 is characterized in that the first elastic member is a spring. 5.如权利要求1所述的冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置,其特征在于,每一个辊筒上同轴固定连接一齿轮,两个齿轮啮合连接,所述动力箱的外侧壁上固定有第二电机,其中一齿轮固定连接于所述第二电机的输出端上。5. The vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas as described in claim 1 is characterized in that a gear is coaxially fixedly connected to each roller, the two gears are meshingly connected, a second motor is fixed on the outer wall of the power box, and a gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor. 6.如权利要求1所述的冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置,其特征在于,所述支撑板的顶部铰接在所述铺设箱的内壁上,所述支撑板的底部与铺设箱的内壁之间安装支撑杆,支撑杆为气缸或电动推杆,所述支撑杆的底部转动连接在铺设箱的内壁上,所述支撑杆的顶部转动连接在支撑板的底部。6. The vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the top of the support plate is hinged on the inner wall of the laying box, and a support rod is installed between the bottom of the support plate and the inner wall of the laying box, the support rod is a cylinder or an electric push rod, the bottom of the support rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the laying box, and the top of the support rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the support plate. 7.如权利要求1所述的冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置,其特征在于,所述铺设箱的底部开设废料门,所述“V”形槽的下端形成供卷筒穿过的废料口,废料口的宽度大于卷筒的外径。7. The vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas as described in claim 1 is characterized in that a waste door is opened at the bottom of the laying box, and the lower end of the "V"-shaped groove forms a waste opening for the reel to pass through, and the width of the waste opening is greater than the outer diameter of the reel. 8.如权利要求1所述的冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置,其特征在于,所述动力箱的底部设有导向管,所述导向管的底部开设导向孔,第二行走轮包括与导向孔滑动连接的“T”形导向杆,“T”形导向杆的下端固定有“U”形架,“U”形架的两侧壁之间转动连接有滚轮,“U”形架与导向管之间设置有第二弹性件。8. The vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas as described in claim 1 is characterized in that a guide tube is provided at the bottom of the power box, a guide hole is opened at the bottom of the guide tube, the second walking wheel includes a "T"-shaped guide rod slidably connected to the guide hole, a "U"-shaped frame is fixed to the lower end of the "T"-shaped guide rod, rollers are rotatably connected between the two side walls of the "U"-shaped frame, and a second elastic member is arranged between the "U"-shaped frame and the guide tube. 9.如权利要求8所述的冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置,其特征在于,所述第二弹性件为弹簧。9. The vegetation blanket laying device for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas as described in claim 8, characterized in that the second elastic member is a spring. 10.如权利要求1所述的冻土区生态修复用植被毯铺设装置的铺设方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:10. The method for laying a vegetation blanket for ecological restoration in frozen soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 将备用的植被卷顺次放置在弧形储料槽中,将重物比如泥土通过出料口填入第一行走轮内的空腔内部;The spare vegetation rolls are placed in the arc-shaped storage trough in sequence, and heavy objects such as soil are filled into the cavity in the first running wheel through the discharge port; 启动第一电机,第一电机带动分料器旋转,分料器将弧形储料槽内的植被卷转移至铺设箱的“V”形槽内,“V”形槽对植被卷进行支撑,第一电机启动的同时,带动转盘旋转,转盘通过连杆、滑杆带动楔形板竖直向下移动,楔形板的斜面挤压所述插杆向内,插杆插入植被卷中心的卷筒,有利于降低人工劳动强度,提高铺设速度;The first motor is started, and the first motor drives the material distributor to rotate. The material distributor transfers the vegetation roll in the arc-shaped storage trough to the "V"-shaped groove of the laying box. The "V"-shaped groove supports the vegetation roll. When the first motor is started, it drives the turntable to rotate. The turntable drives the wedge plate to move vertically downward through the connecting rod and the sliding rod. The inclined surface of the wedge plate squeezes the insertion rod inward, and the insertion rod is inserted into the reel in the center of the vegetation roll, which is conducive to reducing the labor intensity of manual labor and improving the laying speed; 将植被毯的一端从避让口拉出,然后穿过两个辊筒之间,从植被毯出口取出,压在第二行走轮、第一行走轮下方;Pull one end of the vegetation blanket out from the avoidance opening, then pass it between the two rollers, take it out from the vegetation blanket outlet, and press it under the second running wheel and the first running wheel; 关闭第一电机,向前推动机架,机架在第一行走轮及第二行走轮的带动下在路面上移动,使植被毯逐渐从植被卷上展开并铺设在路面上,重物通过出料口从空腔排出至植被毯上,将植被毯压实固定;The first motor is turned off, and the frame is pushed forward. The frame moves on the road surface driven by the first and second traveling wheels, so that the vegetation blanket is gradually unfolded from the vegetation roll and laid on the road surface. The heavy object is discharged from the cavity through the discharge port onto the vegetation blanket, and the vegetation blanket is compacted and fixed; 在铺设过程中,植被卷的径向尺寸减小,使得植被卷脱离“V”形槽的支撑而悬空;During the laying process, the radial dimension of the vegetation roll is reduced, so that the vegetation roll is separated from the support of the "V"-shaped groove and suspended in the air; 当铺设箱中的植被卷铺设完全后,再次启动第一电机,第一电机再次带动分料器转动,将弧形储料槽中的最下方的植被卷送入铺设箱,再将位于铺设箱内部的植被卷上的植被毯从避让口、植被毯出口牵引出来,继续移动机架进行铺设。When the vegetation roll in the laying box is completely laid, the first motor is started again, and the first motor drives the divider to rotate again, and the lowest vegetation roll in the arc-shaped storage trough is sent into the laying box, and then the vegetation blanket on the vegetation roll inside the laying box is pulled out from the avoidance port and the vegetation blanket outlet, and the moving frame continues to be laid.
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