CN119569142A - Salt water-evaporation precipitation experimental device and method in rock fissures - Google Patents
Salt water-evaporation precipitation experimental device and method in rock fissures Download PDFInfo
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- CN119569142A CN119569142A CN202411697277.4A CN202411697277A CN119569142A CN 119569142 A CN119569142 A CN 119569142A CN 202411697277 A CN202411697277 A CN 202411697277A CN 119569142 A CN119569142 A CN 119569142A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F2209/03—Pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks, which relate to the technical field of carbon dioxide sealing and storage, and comprise the following steps: the device comprises a liquid storage structure, a crack model, a gas storage structure, a shooting structure and a waste liquid collecting structure, wherein the liquid storage structure is used for storing saline solution, the gas storage structure is used for storing gas, a crack surface is arranged in the crack model, the liquid storage structure and the gas storage structure are both connected with an inlet cavity of the crack model, an outlet cavity of the crack model is connected with the waste liquid collecting structure, and the shooting structure is used for shooting the crack model. The invention provides a device and a method for testing salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks, which can realize the real-time observation of the dynamic evolution observation and quantitative analysis of the salt water-precipitation in rock cracks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide sealing and storage, in particular to a device and a method for testing salt water-evaporation and precipitation in rock cracks.
Background
With the increasing global climate change problem, CO 2 capture and sequestration (Carbon Capture and Storage, CCS) technology is widely recognized as a key measure to slow the rise of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. In CCS technology, CO 2 injection into deep salt water layers is one of the important sequestration pathways. However, despite the great potential for emission reduction, several key technical challenges remain in practical use, particularly the significant impact of salt precipitation due to evaporation of brine during CO 2 injection on subsurface reservoir permeability. When CO 2 is injected into a deep reservoir containing salt water, the dry CO 2 gas stream causes evaporation of the salt water. As the salt content in the salt water (e.g., naCl, caCl 2、MgCl2, etc.) reaches a saturated concentration, the salt analysis precipitates and deposits in the pores and fissures of the reservoir. Such salt precipitation can alter the pore structure of the reservoir, cause plugging of pores or fissures, significantly reduce the permeability of the reservoir, and thus affect the sustained injection capacity of CO 2. This process not only affects the sequestration efficiency, but may also lead to increased formation pressure and increased geological risk. Therefore, the evolution mechanism of the salt precipitation process is deeply understood and mastered, and the dynamic evolution in a complex rock mass fracture system is particularly significant for optimizing the CO 2 geological sequestration technology and improving the sequestration efficiency.
The traditional experimental method is difficult to realize real-time observation and quantification of the dynamic processes of salt water evaporation and salt precipitation in a complex fracture network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks, which are used for solving the problems existing in the prior art and realizing the real-time observation of the dynamic evolution observation and quantitative analysis of the salt water-precipitation in rock cracks.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
The invention provides a salty water-evaporation precipitation experimental device in a rock fracture, which comprises a liquid storage structure, a fracture model, a gas storage structure, a shooting structure and a waste liquid collecting structure, wherein the liquid storage structure is used for storing saline water solution, the gas storage structure is used for storing gas, a fracture surface is arranged in the fracture model, the liquid storage structure and the gas storage structure are both connected with an inlet cavity of the fracture model, an outlet cavity of the fracture model is connected with the waste liquid collecting structure, and the shooting structure is used for shooting the fracture model.
Preferably, the saline solution stored in the reservoir structure has a dye therein.
Preferably, a stirring structure is arranged in the liquid storage structure, and a pump and a valve are arranged on a pipeline connected with the inlet cavity of the fracture model.
Preferably, a filter and a mass flow controller are arranged on a pipeline connected with the inlet cavity of the fracture model.
Preferably, the fracture model is a transparent structure.
Preferably, the crack model is made of transparent resin material and is manufactured by 3D printing, and the crack in the crack model is identical to the appearance of a real rock crack.
Preferably, the crack model is arranged on a workbench, a transparent window is arranged at a position of the workbench corresponding to the crack model, and a flat light source is arranged at a position of the lower part of the workbench corresponding to the transparent window.
Preferably, the shooting structure is a camera, the shooting structure is located above the fracture model, and the shooting structure is electrically connected with a computer.
Preferably, the inlet cavity of the fracture model is provided with an inlet pressure sensor and/or an inlet flow sensor, and the outlet cavity of the fracture model is provided with an outlet pressure sensor and/or an outlet flow sensor.
The invention also provides an experimental method adopting the experimental device for the salt water-evaporation precipitation in the rock cracks, which comprises the following steps:
S1, manufacturing a fracture model;
s2, connecting a liquid storage structure, a crack model, a gas storage structure and a waste liquid collection structure, and adjusting the distance between the shooting structure and the crack model;
S3, introducing saline solution into the crack model through the liquid storage structure, ensuring that the pipeline between the liquid storage structure and the crack model and the cracks in the crack model are saturated by saline, introducing gas into the crack model through the gas storage structure, discharging part of the saline solution in the crack model by the gas entering the crack model, continuously introducing the gas into the crack model until the saline reserved in the crack model evaporates to form salt precipitation, recording the distribution of the saline, the salt precipitation and the gas in the crack model through the shooting structure in the process, and simultaneously monitoring the pressure of an inlet cavity and an outlet cavity of the crack model;
s4, when the saline solution in the fracture model is completely dried, the experiment is ended.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
According to the invention, through the fracture model and the shooting structure, the whole process of salt water evaporation, salt precipitation formation and blockage is tracked in real time, and the defect that the prior art cannot realize the dynamic evolution observation of salt precipitation in complex fractures is overcome. The invention can accurately control the experimental conditions such as flow rate, pressure and the like, and ensure the consistency and reliability of experimental results. Meanwhile, the device cost is relatively low, the device is suitable for repeated experiments, and the acquisition range of experimental data is enlarged. The method can observe and quantitatively analyze the dynamic process of salt precipitation in the rock mass fracture in real time, can comprehensively improve understanding of the salt precipitation phenomenon in the processes of geological storage of CO 2, underground water management and the like, and provides a new technical means for optimizing the reservoir injection strategy and improving the reservoir management efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus for salt water-vapor deposition in a rock fracture according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fracture model according to the present invention;
in the figure, the device comprises a 1-inlet cavity, a 2-outlet cavity, a 3-fracture surface, a 4-liquid storage structure, a 5-computer, a 6-pump, a 7-valve, an 8-three-way valve, a 9-inlet pressure sensor, a 10-outlet pressure sensor, an 11-waste liquid collecting structure, a 12-transparent window, a 13-flat light source, a 14-workbench, a 15-mass flow controller, a 16-filter, a 17-gas storage structure, a 18-stirring structure, a 19-fracture model and a 20-shooting structure.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks, which are used for solving the problems existing in the prior art and realizing the real-time observation of the dynamic evolution observation and quantitative analysis of the salt water-precipitation in rock cracks.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the embodiment provides a device for experimental salt water-evaporation and precipitation in rock cracks, which comprises a liquid storage structure 4, a crack model 19, a gas storage structure 17, a shooting structure 20 and a waste liquid collecting structure 11, wherein the liquid storage structure 4 is used for storing salt water solution, the gas storage structure 17 is used for storing gas, a crack surface 3 is arranged in the crack model 19, the liquid storage structure 4 and the gas storage structure 17 are both connected with an inlet cavity 1 of the crack model 19, an outlet cavity 2 of the crack model 19 is connected with the waste liquid collecting structure 11, and the shooting structure 20 is used for shooting the crack model 19. The embodiment realizes real-time visual observation of the whole process of salt water-evaporation-precipitation through the transparent fracture model 19 and the high-resolution shooting structure 20, and solves the problem that the fluid dynamics in the complex fracture is difficult to quantify. In addition, the embodiment overcomes the problem of insufficient control precision of the traditional experimental system by precisely controlling the flow speed, gas injection and pressure drop measurement, can flexibly adjust experimental parameters, and ensures the repeatability and accuracy of experimental results. Compared with the defects of high cost and complex operation of CT or NMR technology, the embodiment adopts a modularized design, has simple and convenient operation and lower cost, is suitable for large-scale experiments and engineering application, and improves the experiment efficiency and the feasibility of popularization and application.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the salt solution stored in the liquid storage structure 4 contains dye, the stirring structure 18 is disposed in the liquid storage structure 4, and the gas in the gas storage structure 17 is CO 2.
In this embodiment, the inlet chamber 1 of the fracture model 19 is provided with a three-way valve 8, a pump 6 and a valve 7 are arranged on a pipeline between the liquid storage structure 4 and the three-way valve 8, the pump 6 is preferably an ISCO pump or a peristaltic pump, and a filter 16 and a mass flow controller 15 are arranged on a pipeline between the gas storage structure 17 and the three-way valve 8. The liquid storage structure 4, the pump 6, the valve 7, the gas storage structure 17, the filter 16 and the mass flow controller 15 form an injection control system, and the CO 2 injection process under different flow rate conditions can be simulated, so that salt water evaporation and salt precipitation are initiated. Through the switching of the three-way valve 8, the salt water solution injection and the gas injection can be conveniently switched, and the flexibility and the diversity of experiments are ensured.
In the embodiment, an inlet cavity 1 of a crack model 19 is provided with an inlet pressure sensor 9 and/or an inlet flow sensor, an outlet cavity 2 of the crack model 19 is provided with an outlet pressure sensor 10 and/or an outlet flow sensor, the crack model 19 is made of transparent resin materials, the crack model 19 is made of 3D printing, and a crack surface 3 in the crack model 19 is identical to the appearance of a real rock crack. The embodiment not only can accurately simulate the complex geometric form of the natural fracture, but also can realize the dynamic observation of fluid in the fracture. The present embodiment uses inlet pressure sensor 9 and outlet pressure sensor 10 to monitor inlet and outlet pressure drops as a measure of the effect of salt precipitation on fracture permeability. The use of the inlet and outlet flow sensors can more directly reflect the impeding effect of salt precipitation in the fracture on flow, providing more accurate fluid movement data.
In this embodiment, the slit model 19 is disposed on the workbench 14, the transparent window 12 is disposed at a position of the workbench 14 corresponding to the slit model 19, the transparent window 12 is made of glass, and the flat light source 13 is disposed at a position of the workbench 14 corresponding to the transparent window 12.
In this embodiment, the photographing structure 20 is a camera, preferably a CCD camera, and the photographing structure 20 is located above the fracture model 19, the photographing structure 20 is electrically connected to the computer 5, and the photographing structure 20 and the computer 5 form a real-time imaging analysis system. Through the camera, the inlet pressure sensor 9 and the outlet pressure sensor 10, the fluid distribution, the precipitation position and the pressure drop change in the salt water-evaporation-salt precipitation process are recorded in real time, high-resolution experimental data support is provided, and a direct basis is provided for quantitatively analyzing the influence of salt precipitation in cracks on the permeability. The embodiment adopts a relatively low-cost optical imaging technology to realize accurate observation of a complex fracture network, and the device has easy operability and is suitable for large-scale engineering application and research requirements in industrial environments
The pipeline connection, the model fixation and the imaging adjustment of the experimental device for the salt water-evaporation precipitation in the rock fracture of the embodiment all adopt modularized designs, so that experimental operation and implementation of repeated experiments are facilitated.
The core of the experimental device for salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks of the embodiment is to combine a transparent crack model 19, a high-precision injection control system and a real-time imaging analysis system. The transparent fracture model 19 adopts a 3D printing technology to simulate the geometric complexity of natural rock fracture, and the injection control system can simulate the CO 2 injection process under different flow rate conditions through a precise flow control device, so as to induce salt water evaporation and salt precipitation. The real-time imaging analysis system records the dynamic evolution process of salt precipitation in the fracture through a high-resolution CCD camera, and combines the optical imaging technology to accurately quantify the salt precipitation distribution and permeability change of different positions in the fracture.
The embodiment can simulate and observe the salt precipitation process caused by the evaporation of the salt water in the rock mass fracture in real time. Through the experimental device for salt water-evaporation precipitation in the rock fracture of the embodiment, researchers can accurately control experimental conditions (such as flow rate, pressure, temperature and the like), and the formation, evolution and influence of salt precipitation on fracture permeability can be captured in real time through the high-precision shooting structure 20. The device not only solves the technical problem that the dynamic evolution process of salt precipitation is difficult to observe in real time, but also provides an innovative platform for researching crack fluid dynamics, salt precipitation modes and influences thereof on reservoir performance.
Example two
The embodiment provides an experimental method adopting the experimental device for salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks in the embodiment one, comprising the following steps:
S1, manufacturing a crack model 19, namely acquiring surface morphology data of a real rock crack by adopting a three-dimensional scanner, constructing a crack three-dimensional model by utilizing 3Dmax or CATIA, integrally forming by utilizing a 3D printing technology, and printing the crack model 19 comprising an inlet cavity 1, an outlet cavity 2 and a transparent crack surface 3, wherein compared with the traditional water stopping mode of gluing or bolt fastening and the like, the crack model 19 subjected to 3D printing has better air tightness;
S2, pipeline connection, namely adding brilliant blue (Macklin E808678,0.125 g/L) serving as blue dye into a liquid storage structure 4, dyeing transparent saline solution to obtain better imaging effect, opening a stirring structure 18 to continuously and automatically stir the saline solution injected into the liquid storage structure 4, preventing the saline solution from being layered in density after standing for a long time, connecting the liquid storage structure 4 with a pump 6 through a pipeline, connecting the liquid storage structure to a three-way valve 8 through a valve 7, connecting a gas storage structure 17 with a filter 16 through a pipeline, continuing to connect a mass flow controller 15 through a pipeline, connecting the three-way valve 8 to the three-way valve 8, connecting a third end of the three-way valve 8 with an inlet pressure sensor 9 through a pipeline, connecting an outlet cavity 2 of a fracture model 19 with an outlet pressure sensor 10 through a pipeline, connecting the outlet pressure sensor 10 with a waste liquid collecting structure 11, and completing pipeline connection;
S3, performing a visual rock crack salt water-evaporation precipitation experiment, namely firstly, closing one end of a three-way valve 8 connected with a mass flowmeter, opening a pump 6 and a valve 7, injecting salt water into a crack model 19 by the pump 6, ensuring that a pipeline between a liquid storage structure 4 and the crack model 19 and a crack surface 3 in the crack model 19 are saturated by the salt water, switching the three-way valve 8 to enable a gas storage structure 17 to be communicated with the crack model 19, enabling gas to enter the crack model 19 from the gas storage structure 17 through a filter 16 and a mass flow controller 15 in sequence, injecting the gas into the crack model 19 at different flow rates by adjusting the mass flow controller 15, invading the crack model 19 by the gas and replacing part of salt water in the crack to realize the discharge of part of salt water, continuously injecting the gas after the gas breaks through to cause the evaporation of water in the residual salt water, starting the salt precipitation, recording the dynamic evolution of salt water, the salt precipitation and gas distribution by a camera in the process, and measuring pressure drops by an inlet pressure sensor 9 and an outlet pressure sensor 10, and reflecting the change of the crack permeability in the salt water evaporation process;
S4, when the saline solution in the fracture model 19 is completely dried, the experiment is ended.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided herein to facilitate understanding of the principles and embodiments of the present invention and to provide further advantages and practical applications for those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The experimental device for salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks is characterized by comprising a liquid storage structure, a crack model, a gas storage structure, a shooting structure and a waste liquid collecting structure, wherein the liquid storage structure is used for storing salt water solution, the gas storage structure is used for storing gas, a crack surface is arranged in the crack model, the liquid storage structure and the gas storage structure are both connected with an inlet cavity of the crack model, an outlet cavity of the crack model is connected with the waste liquid collecting structure, and the shooting structure is used for shooting the crack model.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the brine solution is a dye in the brine solution stored in the reservoir.
3. The experimental device for salt water-evaporation and precipitation in a rock fracture according to claim 1, wherein a stirring structure is arranged in the liquid storage structure, and a pump and a valve are arranged on a pipeline connecting the liquid storage structure with an inlet cavity of the fracture model.
4. The experimental device for salt water-evaporation and precipitation in rock cracks, as claimed in claim 1, wherein a filter and a mass flow controller are arranged on a pipeline connecting the gas storage structure with the crack model inlet cavity.
5. The experimental device for salt water-evaporation precipitation in a rock fracture according to claim 1, wherein the fracture model is of a transparent structure.
6. The experimental device for salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks according to claim 1, wherein the crack model is made of transparent resin material and is manufactured by 3D printing, and the cracks in the crack model are identical to the appearance of real rock cracks.
7. The experimental device for salt water-evaporation and precipitation in rock cracks according to claim 1, wherein the crack model is arranged on a workbench, a transparent window is arranged at a position of the workbench corresponding to the crack model, and a flat light source is arranged at a position of the lower part of the workbench corresponding to the transparent window.
8. The experimental device for salt water-vapor deposition in a rock fracture according to claim 1, wherein the shooting structure is a camera, the shooting structure is located above the fracture model, and the shooting structure is electrically connected with a computer.
9. The experimental device for salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks according to claim 1, wherein an inlet cavity of the crack model is provided with an inlet pressure sensor and/or an inlet flow sensor, and an outlet cavity of the crack model is provided with an outlet pressure sensor and/or an outlet flow sensor.
10. An experimental method using the experimental device for salt water-evaporation precipitation in rock cracks according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the following steps:
S1, manufacturing a fracture model;
s2, connecting a liquid storage structure, a crack model, a gas storage structure and a waste liquid collection structure, and adjusting the distance between the shooting structure and the crack model;
S3, introducing saline solution into the crack model through the liquid storage structure, ensuring that the pipeline between the liquid storage structure and the crack model and the cracks in the crack model are saturated by saline, introducing gas into the crack model through the gas storage structure, discharging part of the saline solution in the crack model by the gas entering the crack model, continuously introducing the gas into the crack model until the saline reserved in the crack model evaporates to form salt precipitation, recording the distribution of the saline, the salt precipitation and the gas in the crack model through the shooting structure in the process, and simultaneously monitoring the pressure of an inlet cavity and an outlet cavity of the crack model;
s4, when the saline solution in the fracture model is completely dried, the experiment is ended.
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