CN119501031A - A metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device and method - Google Patents

A metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119501031A
CN119501031A CN202510087102.XA CN202510087102A CN119501031A CN 119501031 A CN119501031 A CN 119501031A CN 202510087102 A CN202510087102 A CN 202510087102A CN 119501031 A CN119501031 A CN 119501031A
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China
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mold
water tank
fixedly connected
cooling
aluminum alloy
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Chinese (zh)
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丁向平
丁增
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Jiangsu Henggao Precision Molding Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Henggao Precision Molding Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202510087102.XA priority Critical patent/CN119501031A/en
Publication of CN119501031A publication Critical patent/CN119501031A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device and method, and belongs to the field of low-pressure casting. The invention relates to a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device, which comprises a base, wherein the top of the base is fixedly connected with a crucible and a support column respectively, the top of the support column is fixedly connected with a support table, the side wall of the crucible is communicated with an air injection pipe, the top of the support table is fixedly connected with a bottom die, two semicircular side dies are symmetrically arranged in front and back of the bottom die, the tops of the two side dies are provided with an upper die, and the top of the crucible is fixedly connected with a lift pipe.

Description

Metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-pressure casting, in particular to a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device.
Background
The low-pressure casting is a casting method in which a casting mould is generally arranged above a sealed crucible, compressed air is introduced into the crucible, low pressure (0.06-0.15 MPa) is caused on the surface of molten metal, so that molten metal rises through a liquid lifting pipe to fill the casting mould and control solidification, the prototype of the low-pressure casting method can be traced to the beginning of the last century, the advantages of high material utilization rate, easiness in realizing soup injection automation and the like of the low-pressure casting method are utilized, the firmness of the main casting method of a light alloy casting is gradually established by taking an automobile part as the center, aluminum alloy is a nonferrous metal structural material which is most widely applied in industry, and the requirements for aluminum alloy welding structural members are increasingly increased due to rapid development of industrial economy.
Most of the existing aluminum alloy castings need to be cooled and shaped through cooling liquid in the mold forming process, and the cooling liquid below zero is directly injected into the mold, so that the rapid cooling treatment can be performed on the castings in the mold, and the problems of cracks or deformation on the surfaces of the mold possibly caused by the excessively rapid cooling speed can be solved, so that the service life of the mold is further prolonged, and the quality of the castings is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device comprises a base, a crucible and a support column are fixedly connected to the top of the base respectively, a support table is fixedly connected to the top of the support column, an air injection pipe is arranged on the side wall of the crucible, a bottom die is fixedly connected to the top of the support table, two semicircular side dies are symmetrically arranged in front of and behind the bottom die, an upper die is arranged on the top of the side dies, a lifting tube is fixedly connected to the top of the crucible, the end portion of the lifting tube penetrates through the support table and is located on the upper end face of the bottom die, a cooling mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the base, the cooling mechanism comprises a normal-temperature water tank and a refrigerating water tank which are fixed to the top of the base, the normal-temperature water tank is communicated with the side dies through a pipeline, a driving assembly is arranged on the top of the refrigerating water tank, a metal hose is fixedly connected to one side of the refrigerating water tank, the end portion of the metal hose is communicated with the side dies, when the driving assembly moves upwards, cooling liquid in the normal-temperature water tank is pumped into the side dies through the pipeline, cooling liquid in the side dies is initially, cooling liquid in the side dies is conveyed to the side dies through the metal pipeline, and is pumped into the cooling water tank through the cooling hose when cooling liquid is conveyed into the side tanks through the cooling assembly to the cooling water tank through the cooling hose.
Preferably, the heat preservation barrel is fixedly connected with the top of the base and used for carrying out cladding heat preservation on the crucible.
Preferably, the inside of heat preservation bucket has been seted up the heat preservation chamber, the inside fixedly connected with spiral pipe in heat preservation chamber, the tip fixedly connected with connecting pipe of spiral pipe, the connecting pipe tip is linked together there is the three-way valve, the three-way valve is fixed on metal collapsible tube's surface.
Preferably, two cooling mechanisms are arranged in the side dies, and the cooling mechanisms are used for radiating heat on the inner walls of the side dies.
Preferably, two the annular lateral surface of side form is all vertical equidistance and is fixed with the heating panel of a plurality of convex structure, and the heating panel all runs through to the side form inside, two the inside annular inner wall of keeping away from the heating panel of side form is gone up all vertical equidistance fixedly connected with the slow flow board of a plurality of convex structure, it is formed with the cooling channel of bending to stagger each other between slow flow board and the heating panel.
Preferably, the top fixedly connected with L support of base, the interior roof fixedly connected with cylinder one of L support, the output fixed connection of cylinder one goes up mould top, the lateral wall fixedly connected with cylinder two of brace table, the output fixed connection of cylinder two has the connecting plate, the lateral wall at the side mould is fixed to the connecting plate.
Preferably, the inner side of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a rack, the surface of the rack is connected with a gear in a meshed manner, and the gear is fixed right above the three-way valve.
Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a reciprocating screw rod which rotates in the piston plate through a bearing, the surface of the reciprocating screw rod is provided with the piston plate, the piston plate slides on the inner wall of the refrigeration water tank, the top of the reciprocating screw rod is fixedly connected with a timing belt wheel I, the inner bottom wall of the supporting table is rotationally connected with a timing belt wheel II through a driving part, and the timing belt wheel II and the timing belt wheel I are in meshed rotation through a belt.
Preferably, a floating plate is slidably connected in the refrigeration water tank, and a refrigerator is fixedly connected to the top of the floating plate.
The low pressure casting process of metal type aluminum alloy includes the following steps:
s1, pouring liquid, namely firstly placing molten aluminum liquid into a crucible, then pouring gas into the crucible through a gas pouring pipe, so that the aluminum liquid in a base rises into a liquid lifting pipe under low-pressure gas, and then pouring the rising aluminum liquid into a preheated die cavity formed by a bottom die, a side die and an upper die by the liquid lifting pipe for forming;
S2, cooling and shaping, namely injecting cooling liquid into the normal-temperature water tank and the refrigerating water tank respectively under the arrangement of the normal-temperature water tank and the refrigerating water tank, wherein the temperature of the cooling liquid in the normal-temperature water tank is higher than that of the cooling liquid in the refrigerating water tank, and conveying the cooling liquid on the inner wall of the normal-temperature water tank into a side die for cooling and shaping under the driving of a driving assembly, and conveying the cooling liquid in the side die into the refrigerating water tank through a metal hose for cooling and cooling;
s3, demolding, namely after the aluminum alloy casting is molded, separating the two side molds from each other on the bottom mold, and upwards separating the upper mold from the bottom mold, so as to perform demolding on the molded aluminum alloy casting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device, under the cooperation of the normal-temperature water tank, the refrigeration water tank, the driving assembly and the metal hose, the moderate cooling liquid can be injected into the side mold, the temperature of the side mold is reduced by the moderate cooling liquid at a slow cooling speed, the stress and deformation problems of the mold caused by overlarge temperature difference are reduced by the arrangement, the dimensional accuracy and the surface smoothness of a product are maintained, the quality of the product is improved, the problem that the surface of the mold is cracked or deformed due to the overlarge cooling speed is prevented, and the service life of the mold and the quality of castings are further prolonged.
2. According to the metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device, under the cooperation of the heat preservation cavity, the spiral pipe, the connecting pipe and the three-way valve, the mold can be preheated after demolding is finished, through the arrangement of the mode, the viscosity of aluminum liquid can be reduced, the fluidity of the mold can be improved, the mold can be more easily filled in a tiny part and a complex structure in a mold cavity of the mold, meanwhile, the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid and the mold can be reduced, so that the thermal stress caused by overlarge temperature difference is reduced, the risks of defects such as cracks and deformation of castings are reduced, the preheated mold can reach a working state more quickly, the production preparation time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.
3. This metal type aluminum alloy low pressure casting device, under the cooperation between cooling plate, slow flow board and the cooling channel of bending, can prolong the circulation speed when the coolant liquid pours into in the mould into, through the setting of this kind of mode, realized can be more even the mould to cool down and handle, prevent that the mould cooling rate is too fast can't in time evenly adsorb foundry goods surface temperature problem, further improved foundry goods fashioned speed.
The device has the advantages that the device is not related to the parts which are the same as or can be realized by adopting the prior art, the stress and deformation problems of the die caused by overlarge temperature difference are reduced, the dimensional accuracy and the surface smoothness of a product are maintained, the product quality is improved, the problem that the surface of the die is cracked or deformed due to the excessively high cooling speed is prevented, and the service life of the die and the quality of castings are further prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a semi-sectional structure of a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a sectional structure of a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a metal-type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a left side structure of a metal type aluminum alloy low pressure casting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a driving assembly of a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration water tank of a metal type aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to the present invention.
1, A base, 11, a crucible, 12, a gas injection pipe, 13, a lift pipe, 2, a supporting table, 21, a bottom die, 22, a side die, 23, an upper die, 24, an L bracket, 25, a first cylinder, 26, a second cylinder, 27, a connecting plate, 28, a rack, 29, a gear, 3, a supporting column, 4, a cooling mechanism, 41, a normal temperature water tank, 42, a refrigerating water tank, 421, a first piston plate, 422, a refrigerating machine, 43, a driving assembly, 431, a reciprocating screw rod, 432, a second piston plate, 433, a first timing belt wheel, 434, a second timing belt wheel, 44, a metal hose, 5, a heat preservation barrel, 51, a heat preservation cavity, 52, a spiral pipe, 53, a connecting pipe, 54, a three-way valve, 6, a cooling mechanism, 61, a heat dissipation plate, 62, a slow flow plate, 63 and a bending cooling channel.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1-8, a metal type aluminum alloy low pressure casting device comprises a base 1, wherein the top of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a crucible 11 and a support column 3 respectively, the top of the support column 3 is fixedly connected with a support table 2, the side wall of the crucible 11 is communicated with a gas injection pipe 12, the top of the support table 2 is fixedly connected with a bottom die 21, two semicircular side dies 22 are symmetrically arranged in front and back of the bottom die 21, the tops of the two side dies 22 are provided with an upper die 23, the top of the crucible 11 is fixedly connected with a liquid lifting pipe 13, the end part of the liquid lifting pipe 13 penetrates through the support table 2 and is positioned on the upper end face of the bottom die 21, the top of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a cooling mechanism 4, the cooling mechanism 4 comprises a normal temperature water tank 41 and a refrigerating water tank 42 which are fixed on the top of the base 1, the normal temperature water tank 41 is communicated with the side dies 22 through a pipeline, the top of the refrigerating water tank 42 is provided with a driving component 43, one side of the refrigerating water tank 42 is fixedly connected with a metal hose 44, and the end part of the metal hose 44 is communicated with the side die 22; when the driving component 43 moves upwards, the cooling liquid in the normal temperature water tank 41 is pumped, the cooling liquid is injected into the side mold 22 through a pipeline for preliminary cooling, the cooling liquid in the side mold 22 is conveyed into the refrigerating water tank 42 through a metal hose 44 for cooling, when the driving component 43 moves downwards, the cooling liquid in the side mold 22 is pumped and conveyed into the normal temperature water tank 41 through a pipeline, the cooling liquid in the refrigerating water tank 42 is injected into the side mold 22 through the metal hose 44 for cooling again, the top of the base 1 is fixedly connected with the L bracket 24, the inner top wall of the L bracket 24 is fixedly connected with the first cylinder 25, the output end of the first cylinder 25 is fixedly connected above the upper mold 23, the side wall of the supporting table 2 is fixedly connected with the second cylinder 26, the output end of the second cylinder 26 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 27, the connecting plate 27 is fixed on the side wall of the side die 22, the rack 28 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting plate 27, the gear 29 is connected to the surface of the rack 28 in a meshed mode, the gear 29 is fixed right above the three-way valve 54, the driving assembly 43 comprises a reciprocating screw 431 rotating inside a piston plate 432 through a bearing, the piston plate 432 is arranged on the surface of the reciprocating screw 431, the piston plate 432 slides on the inner wall of the refrigerating water tank 42, a timing belt pulley I433 is fixedly connected to the top of the reciprocating screw 431, a timing belt pulley II 434 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the supporting table 2 through a driving part, a floating plate 421 is connected to the inner side of the refrigerating water tank 42 in a sliding mode through a belt in a meshed mode, and a refrigerator 422 is fixedly connected to the top of the floating plate 421.
By adopting the scheme, the cooling mechanism 4 is used for injecting the mild cooling liquid into the side die 22, so that the problem of stress and deformation of the die caused by overlarge temperature difference is solved under the action of the mild cooling liquid, the dimensional accuracy and the surface smoothness of a product are maintained, the quality of the product is improved, the problem that the surface of the die is cracked or deformed due to the overlarge cooling speed is prevented, and the service life of the die and the quality of castings are further prolonged.
During specific work, molten aluminum is firstly injected into the crucible 11, then compressed gas is input into the crucible 11 through the gas injection pipe 12, pressure is formed on the surface of the aluminum, and the aluminum enters a preheating mold cavity formed by the bottom mold 21, the two side molds 22 and the upper mold 23 through the liquid lifting pipe 13;
During the casting molding process in the mold cavity, the cooling mechanism 4 can be used for injecting cooling liquid into the side mold 22 so as to accelerate the molding efficiency of the casting in the mold cavity;
Under the drive of the driving component 43 above the normal temperature water tank 41, the driving part drives the timing belt pulley II 434 to rotate, so that the timing belt pulley I433 and the reciprocating screw 431 can be sequentially driven to synchronously rotate under the action of a belt, a piston plate 432 can be upwards moved in the normal temperature water tank 41 under the rotation of the reciprocating screw 431, when the piston plate 432 upwards moves, normal temperature cooling liquid in the normal temperature water tank 41 can be extruded and injected into the side mold 22, casting formed by the mold can be primarily cooled by the normal temperature cooling liquid injected into the side mold 22, original cooling liquid in the side mold 22 can be conveyed into the cooling water tank 42 through a metal hose 44, and cooling liquid injected into the cooling water tank 42 can be subjected to cooling treatment under the drive of the top refrigerator 422 of the floating plate 421 in the cooling water tank 42;
When the piston plate 432 on the surface of the reciprocating screw 431 moves downwards, the cooling liquid in the side mold 22 is pumped into the normal-temperature water tank 41, the cooled cooling liquid can be injected into the side mold 22 through the metal hose 44 in the cooling water tank 42 for cooling again, the piston plate 432 can continuously cool the inside of the side mold 22 under the reciprocating motion of the surface of the reciprocating screw 431, the problem of stress and deformation of the mold caused by overlarge temperature difference can be reduced under the continuous and gentle cooling, the dimensional accuracy and the surface smoothness of the product can be maintained, the product quality can be improved, the problem that the surface of the mold is cracked or deformed due to the overlarge cooling speed can be prevented, and the service life of the mold and the quality of castings can be further prolonged.
After the casting in the die cavity is formed, the compressed gas is stopped to enable the aluminum liquid in the liquid lifting pipe 13 to flow back into the crucible 11, then the first cylinder 25 on the L bracket 24 is started to drive the upper die 23 to lift away from the bottom die 21, and simultaneously the second cylinders 26 are driven to drive the side dies 22 fixed by the connecting plate 27 to move to one side, so that the two side dies 22 are mutually separated, and the formed casting is demoulded.
The driving part is a servo motor, and a vent hole is provided at the bottom of the normal temperature water tank 41.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, a heat-preserving container 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, the heat-preserving container 5 is used for carrying out cladding heat preservation on the crucible 11, a heat-preserving cavity 51 is formed in the heat-preserving container 5, a spiral tube 52 is fixedly connected to the inside of the heat-preserving cavity 51, a connecting pipe 53 is fixedly connected to the end part of the spiral tube 52, a three-way valve 54 is communicated with the end part of the connecting pipe 53, and the three-way valve 54 is fixed on the surface of the metal hose 44.
By adopting the scheme, the periphery of the crucible 11 can be coated under the arrangement of the heat preservation barrel 5, so that the crucible 11 is preserved, and the dissipation of external heat of the crucible 11 is delayed.
In specific operation, the crucible 11 is coated by the heat preservation barrel 5, so as to carry out heat preservation treatment on the surface of the crucible 11, then the spiral tube 52 can be installed in the heat preservation cavity 51 under the condition that the heat preservation cavity 51 in the heat preservation barrel 5 is opened, the heat dissipation of the crucible 11 can be transmitted to the heat preservation barrel 5 and the inside of the spiral tube 52, the cooling liquid in the spiral tube 52 can be heated to a temperature of dozens of degrees under the heat transmission, the cooling liquid after the heating in the spiral tube 52 can be injected into the three-way valve 54 through the connecting pipe 53, when the three-way valve 54 is switched,
When demoulding, the second air cylinder 26 drives the connecting plate 27 to move to one side, the connecting plate 27 synchronously drives the rack 28 to move, the gear 29 can be rotated by the movement of the rack 28, the gear 29 is fixed on the three-way valve 54, so that the valve port of the three-way valve 54 is switched, the three-way valve 54 is communicated with cooling liquid in the spiral pipe 52, and conversely, the three-way valve 54 is plugged with the cooling liquid in the refrigerating water tank 42, so that the heated cooling liquid can be injected into the side mould 22 through the metal hose 44, the preheated side mould 22 is subjected to preheating treatment through the cooling liquid with the temperature of dozens of degrees, after the preheated side mould 22 is clamped, when the aluminum liquid is injected again, the preheated mould can reduce the viscosity of the aluminum liquid, improve the fluidity, enable the aluminum liquid to be easier to fill in small parts and complex structures in the mould cavity of the mould, meanwhile, the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid and the mould can be reduced, so that the thermal stress generated by overlarge temperature difference is reduced, the risk of cracks, deformation and the like of the cast is reduced, the preheated mould can reach the working state more quickly, the production preparation time is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 6, cooling mechanisms 6 are disposed inside the two side molds 22, the cooling mechanisms 6 are used for cooling inner walls of the side molds 22, heat dissipation plates 61 with a plurality of circular arc structures are vertically and equidistantly fixed on annular outer sides of the two side molds 22, the heat dissipation plates 61 penetrate inside the side molds 22, slow flow plates 62 with a plurality of circular arc structures are vertically and equidistantly fixedly connected on annular inner walls, away from the heat dissipation plates 61, of the two side molds 22, and bending cooling channels 63 are formed between the slow flow plates 62 and the heat dissipation plates 61 in a staggered mode.
By adopting such a scheme, under the setting of the cooling mechanism 6, when external cooling liquid is injected into the side mold 22, the time of the cooling liquid in the side mold 22 can be prolonged, and the casting in the mold cavity is cooled by circulating the cooling liquid under the prolonged time, so that the molding speed of the casting is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.
During concrete work, the cooling plates 61 and the slow flow plates 62 are vertically fixed in the side dies 22 at equal distances, when cooling liquid enters the side dies 22, the cooling liquid passes through the space between the cooling plates 61 and the bending cooling channels 63 to form the bending cooling channels 63, so that the cooling liquid can be prolonged to cool castings in the die cavities when the cooling liquid is inside the side dies 22, the molding speed of the castings is further improved, and the temperature of the surfaces of the side dies 22 can be transmitted to the outside to dissipate heat under the arrangement of the cooling plates 61.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,包括底座(1),所述底座(1)的顶部分别固定连接有坩埚(11)和支撑柱(3),所述支撑柱(3)的顶部固定连接有支撑台(2),所述坩埚(11)的侧壁连通有注气管(12),所述支撑台(2)的顶部固定连接有底模(21),所述底模(21)的前后对称设置有两个呈半圆的侧模(22),两个所述侧模(22)的顶部设有上模(23),所述坩埚(11)的顶部固定连接有升液管(13),所述升液管(13)的端部贯穿支撑台(2)位于底模(21)的上端面,其特征在于:1. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device, comprising a base (1), the top of the base (1) is respectively fixedly connected to a crucible (11) and a support column (3), the top of the support column (3) is fixedly connected to a support platform (2), the side wall of the crucible (11) is connected to a gas injection pipe (12), the top of the support platform (2) is fixedly connected to a bottom mold (21), the bottom mold (21) is symmetrically provided with two semicircular side molds (22) at the front and rear, and the tops of the two side molds (22) are provided with an upper mold (23), the top of the crucible (11) is fixedly connected to a liquid riser (13), the end of the liquid riser (13) passes through the support platform (2) and is located on the upper end surface of the bottom mold (21), characterized in that: 所述底座(1)的顶部固定连接有冷却机构(4),其中所述冷却机构(4)包括固定在底座(1)顶部的常温水箱(41)和制冷水箱(42),所述常温水箱(41)与侧模(22)之间通过管道相连通,所述制冷水箱(42)的顶部设有驱动组件(43),所述制冷水箱(42)的一侧固定连接有金属软管(44),所述金属软管(44)的端部与侧模(22)相连通;A cooling mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), wherein the cooling mechanism (4) comprises a normal temperature water tank (41) and a refrigeration water tank (42) fixed to the top of the base (1), the normal temperature water tank (41) and the side mold (22) are connected via a pipeline, a driving assembly (43) is provided on the top of the refrigeration water tank (42), a metal hose (44) is fixedly connected to one side of the refrigeration water tank (42), and an end of the metal hose (44) is connected to the side mold (22); 当所述驱动组件(43)向上运动时,用以对常温水箱(41)内冷却液抽取,冷却液通过管道注入侧模(22)内初步降温,侧模(22)内冷却液通过金属软管(44)输送至制冷水箱(42)内冷却降温;When the driving component (43) moves upward, it is used to extract the cooling liquid in the normal temperature water tank (41), and the cooling liquid is injected into the side mold (22) through the pipeline for preliminary cooling, and the cooling liquid in the side mold (22) is transported to the refrigeration water tank (42) through the metal hose (44) for cooling; 当所述驱动组件(43)向下运动时,用以将侧模(22)内冷却液通过管道抽取输送至常温水箱(41)内,制冷水箱(42)内冷却液通过金属软管(44)注入至侧模(22)内再次降温。When the driving assembly (43) moves downward, the cooling liquid in the side mold (22) is extracted through the pipeline and transported to the normal temperature water tank (41), and the cooling liquid in the refrigeration water tank (42) is injected into the side mold (22) through the metal hose (44) to cool it down again. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,其特征在于,所述底座(1)顶部固定连接有保温桶(5),所述保温桶(5)用以对坩埚(11)进行包覆保温。2. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a heat preservation barrel (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), and the heat preservation barrel (5) is used to cover and insulate the crucible (11). 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,其特征在于,所述保温桶(5)的内部开设有保温腔(51),所述保温腔(51)的内部固定连接有螺旋管(52),所述螺旋管(52)的端部固定连接有连接管(53),所述连接管(53)端部相连通有三通阀(54),所述三通阀(54)固定在金属软管(44)的表面。3. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to claim 2, characterized in that a heat preservation chamber (51) is opened inside the heat preservation barrel (5), a spiral tube (52) is fixedly connected to the inside of the heat preservation chamber (51), the end of the spiral tube (52) is fixedly connected to a connecting tube (53), the end of the connecting tube (53) is connected to a three-way valve (54), and the three-way valve (54) is fixed on the surface of the metal hose (44). 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,其特征在于,两个所述侧模(22)的内部均设置有降温机构(6),所述降温机构(6)用以对侧模(22)内壁进行散热。4. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a cooling mechanism (6) is provided inside the two side molds (22), and the cooling mechanism (6) is used to dissipate heat from the inner wall of the side mold (22). 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,其特征在于,两个所述侧模(22)的环形外侧面均竖直等距固定有若干个圆弧形结构的散热板(61),且散热板(61)均贯穿至侧模(22)内部,两个所述侧模(22)内部远离散热板(61)的环形内壁上均竖直等距固定连接有若干个圆弧形结构的缓流板(62),所述缓流板(62)与散热板(61)之间相互交错形成有折弯冷却通道(63)。5. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of arc-shaped heat dissipation plates (61) are vertically and equidistantly fixed on the annular outer side surfaces of the two side molds (22), and the heat dissipation plates (61) are all penetrated into the inside of the side molds (22), and a plurality of arc-shaped slow flow plates (62) are vertically and equidistantly fixed on the annular inner walls inside the two side molds (22) away from the heat dissipation plates (61), and the slow flow plates (62) and the heat dissipation plates (61) are staggered to form a bent cooling channel (63). 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,其特征在于,所述底座(1)的顶部固定连接有L支架(24),所述L支架(24)的内顶壁固定连接有气缸一(25),所述气缸一(25)的输出端固定连接上模(23)上方,所述支撑台(2)的侧壁固定连接有气缸二(26),所述气缸二(26)的输出端固定连接有连接板(27),所述连接板(27)固定在侧模(22)的侧壁。6. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to an L bracket (24), the inner top wall of the L bracket (24) is fixedly connected to a cylinder one (25), the output end of the cylinder one (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper mold (23), the side wall of the support platform (2) is fixedly connected to a cylinder two (26), the output end of the cylinder two (26) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (27), and the connecting plate (27) is fixed to the side wall of the side mold (22). 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,其特征在于,所述连接板(27)的内侧固定连接有齿条(28),所述齿条(28)的表面啮合连接有齿轮(29),所述齿轮(29)固定在三通阀(54)的正上方。7. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to claim 6, characterized in that a rack (28) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting plate (27), a gear (29) is meshingly connected to the surface of the rack (28), and the gear (29) is fixed directly above the three-way valve (54). 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,其特征在于,所述驱动组件(43)包括通过轴承转动在活塞板二(432)内部的往复丝杆(431),所述往复丝杆(431)的表面设有活塞板二(432),所述活塞板二(432)滑动在制冷水箱(42)内壁,所述往复丝杆(431)的顶部固定连接有正时带轮一(433),所述支撑台(2)的内底壁通过驱动部转动连接有正时带轮二(434),所述正时带轮二(434)和正时带轮一(433)之间通过皮带啮合转动。8. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving assembly (43) includes a reciprocating screw (431) rotating inside a second piston plate (432) through a bearing, a second piston plate (432) is provided on the surface of the reciprocating screw (431), the second piston plate (432) slides on the inner wall of the refrigeration water tank (42), the top of the reciprocating screw (431) is fixedly connected to a timing pulley (433), the inner bottom wall of the support platform (2) is rotatably connected to a second timing pulley (434) through a driving unit, and the second timing pulley (434) and the first timing pulley (433) are rotated through belt meshing. 9.根据权利要求1所述的一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,其特征在于,所述制冷水箱(42)的内部滑动连接有活塞板一(421),所述活塞板一(421)的顶部固定连接有制冷机(422)。9. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a piston plate 1 (421) is slidably connected inside the cooling water tank (42), and a refrigerator (422) is fixedly connected to the top of the piston plate 1 (421). 10.一种金属型铝合金低压铸造的方法,包括权利要求1所述的一种金属型铝合金低压铸造装置,其特征在于,主要包括以下步骤:10. A method for low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy using a metal mold, comprising the low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy using a metal mold according to claim 1, characterized in that it mainly comprises the following steps: S1、注液:首先将融化后的铝液放入坩埚(11)内部,然后通过注气管(12)将气体注入坩埚(11)内部,以此来将底座(1)内部铝液在低压气体下上升进入升液管(13)内,然后升液管(13)将上升的铝液注入底模(21)、侧模(22)和上模(23)组成的预热的模腔内部成型;S1, liquid injection: firstly, the molten aluminum liquid is placed in the crucible (11), and then gas is injected into the crucible (11) through the gas injection pipe (12), so that the aluminum liquid inside the base (1) rises into the liquid riser (13) under the low-pressure gas, and then the liquid riser (13) injects the rising aluminum liquid into the preheated mold cavity composed of the bottom mold (21), the side mold (22) and the upper mold (23) for molding; S2、冷却定型:通过常温水箱(41)和制冷水箱(42)的设置下,可以分别对常温水箱(41)和制冷水箱(42)内均注入冷却液,常温水箱(41)内冷却液温度高于制冷水箱(42)内冷却液温度,在驱动组件(43)驱动下,可以将常温水箱(41)内壁冷却液输送至侧模(22)内进行冷却定型,而侧模(22)内冷却液则通过金属软管(44)输送至制冷水箱(42)内进行冷却降温;S2, cooling and shaping: by setting the normal temperature water tank (41) and the refrigeration water tank (42), coolant can be respectively injected into the normal temperature water tank (41) and the refrigeration water tank (42), the temperature of the coolant in the normal temperature water tank (41) is higher than the temperature of the coolant in the refrigeration water tank (42), and under the drive of the driving component (43), the coolant on the inner wall of the normal temperature water tank (41) can be transported to the side mold (22) for cooling and shaping, while the coolant in the side mold (22) is transported to the refrigeration water tank (42) through the metal hose (44) for cooling and lowering the temperature; S3、脱模:待铝合金铸件成型后,将底模(21)上两个侧模(22)之间相互远离,且上模(23)向上远离底模(21),以此来将成型后的铝合金铸件脱模工作。S3, demoulding: after the aluminum alloy casting is formed, the two side molds (22) on the bottom mold (21) are moved away from each other, and the upper mold (23) is moved upward away from the bottom mold (21), so as to demould the formed aluminum alloy casting.
CN202510087102.XA 2025-01-20 2025-01-20 A metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device and method Pending CN119501031A (en)

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