CN119452866B - A self-propelled cyperus chinensis combine harvester - Google Patents
A self-propelled cyperus chinensis combine harvesterInfo
- Publication number
- CN119452866B CN119452866B CN202510056710.4A CN202510056710A CN119452866B CN 119452866 B CN119452866 B CN 119452866B CN 202510056710 A CN202510056710 A CN 202510056710A CN 119452866 B CN119452866 B CN 119452866B
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- Prior art keywords
- screen
- vehicle body
- vibrating screen
- chain
- propelled
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/10—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with smooth conveyor belts, lath bands or rake bands
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/08—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with shaker type screens
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/14—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with cylindrical screens
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/10—Crop collecting devices, with or without weighing apparatus
- A01D33/105—Devices for gathering the crop in a row
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种自走式油莎豆联合收获机，属于农机技术领域，包括车体，所述车体前端连接挖掘台；所述挖掘台上设有输送板链，其后端对接固连在所述车体上的升运链机构；所述升运链机构的后端伸入筛筒的前部；所述筛筒中心设有可旋转的转轴；所述转轴上连接多个导草片和多个甩绳；在所述筛筒下方，所述车体连接可往复摆动的振动筛；果豆升运器的出口端位于固连在车体上的储料仓的上方；所述收集板、输送板链的链板带、升运链机构的链板带上均开设有多个小筛孔。本发明在可自走车体空间有限的条件下，包括五级筛选机构，具有强大的筛土能力，可以有效的筛除油莎豆根须携带的土块，提高油莎豆收获的效率和质量。
The present invention discloses a self-propelled cyperus chinensis combine harvester, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. The harvester comprises a vehicle body, the front end of which is connected to a digging platform; a conveyor plate chain is provided on the digging platform, the rear end of which is connected to an elevator chain mechanism fixedly connected to the vehicle body; the rear end of the elevator chain mechanism extends into the front portion of a screen drum; a rotatable shaft is provided at the center of the screen drum; a plurality of grass guide blades and a plurality of throw ropes are connected to the shaft; a reciprocating vibrating screen is connected to the vehicle body below the screen drum; the outlet end of the berry elevator is located above a storage bin fixedly connected to the vehicle body; and a plurality of small sieve holes are formed on the collecting plate, the chain belt of the conveyor plate chain, and the chain belt of the elevator chain mechanism. While the space of the self-propelled vehicle body is limited, the present invention includes a five-stage screening mechanism, which has a strong soil screening capacity and can effectively screen out clods of soil carried by cyperus chinensis roots, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of cyperus chinensis harvesting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of harvesting of rhizome crops, and relates to a self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester.
Background
The cyperus esculentus is also called cyperus esculentus, tiger nut, corm Eleocharitis and the like, belongs to annual herbaceous plants in the cyperaceae, has overground long leaves and underground results, is granular tubers, is yellow brown, has the shape and size similar to those of Chinese yam fruits, and is a novel agricultural product with extremely high comprehensive benefit. The whole cyperus esculentus is precious, easy to plant and manage, but difficult to harvest. The cyperus esculentus fruits are attached to fibrous roots and are distributed in soil layers 50-100 mm away from the ground when mature. When the cyperus esculentus is harvested manually, the cyperus esculentus plant needs to be pulled out by hand, and a large amount of soil blocks are adhered to fibrous roots of the cyperus esculentus. If the cyperus esculentus is harvested manually, 40% of sales of the cyperus esculentus is occupied by harvesting cost, and economic benefits of cyperus esculentus planting are greatly reduced. The main problems of restricting the large-area planting of the cyperus esculentus are difficult mechanical harvesting and low efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a self-propelled cyperus esculentus combined harvester, which aims to realize low-loss excavation, efficient screening, cleaning separation and fruit collection.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
The self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester comprises a vehicle body capable of automatically walking, wherein the front end of the vehicle body is connected with an excavating table and is used for excavating a bean soil mixture containing cyperus esculentus and soil blocks; the digging table is provided with a conveying plate chain, and the rear end of the digging table is in butt joint with an elevating chain mechanism fixedly connected to the vehicle body and is used for conveying the bean soil mixture to the elevating chain mechanism through the conveying plate chain; the rear end of the lift chain mechanism extends into the front part of the screen cylinder and is used for conveying the bean soil mixture to the screen cylinder; the rotary shaft is connected with a plurality of grass guide plates and a plurality of throwing ropes, the throwing ropes are used for throwing the beans and the rhizomes of the cyperus esculentus to separate the beans and the rhizomes when the rotary shaft rotates, the grass guide plates are used for pushing the rhizomes to move towards the rear end of the screen drum when the rotary shaft rotates, the screen drum is a single-drum-wall screen drum, a plurality of uniformly distributed large screen holes are formed in the wall of the screen drum and used for enabling the beans to fall below the screen drum, the trolley body is connected with a vibrating screen capable of swinging in a reciprocating mode and directly falls onto the vibrating screen along the large screen holes in the wall of the screen drum, a plurality of uniformly distributed small screen holes are formed in the front of the vibrating screen, a plurality of uniformly distributed large screen holes are formed in the rear of the vibrating screen, the small screen hole area of the vibrating screen occupies three quarters of the total area of the vibrating screen, a guide plate which is obliquely arranged at the front end of the vibrating screen is located below the vibrating screen and corresponds to the small screen holes which are fixedly connected with the vibrating screen, the guide plate which is obliquely arranged at the front end of the vibrating screen is located below the vibrating screen and fixedly connected with the small screen holes which are fixedly arranged at the front end of the vibrating screen, the vibrating screen is fixedly connected with the front end of the vibrating screen, the vibrating screen is fixedly arranged at the front end of the vibrating screen, and is fixedly arranged at the front end of the vibrating screen is fixedly arranged at the sieve, and fixedly arranged at the sieve is fixedly arranged at the front and is fixedly arranged on the sieve arranged on the sieve arranged and arranged sieve and arranged sieve and sieve and sieve, the front end of the bean elevator is positioned below the guide-out plate and corresponds to the position above the receiving groove of the bean elevator, the cyperus esculentus falling from the big sieve holes of the vibrating screen directly falls onto the collecting plate and is used for collecting the beans falling from the big sieve holes of the vibrating screen and collecting the bean elevator, the outlet end of the bean elevator is positioned above the storage bin fixedly connected to the vehicle body and is used for conveying the beans to the storage bin, the bean elevator further comprises a cleaning fan fixedly connected to the lower part of the vehicle body, the air outlet of the cleaning fan is positioned below the front end of the vibrating screen and faces the small sieve holes of the vibrating screen, the air flow blown by the cleaning fan sequentially flows through the small sieve holes and the sieve cylinders of the vibrating screen, and a plurality of small sieve holes are formed in the collecting plate, the chain plate belt of the conveying plate chain and the chain plate belt of the lifting chain mechanism and are used for sieving soil mixed in the beans.
As further optimization, the upper end of the vibrating screen is fixedly connected with a plurality of sawtooth plates which are uniformly distributed at left and right intervals, the length of each sawtooth plate is equal to that of the vibrating screen, and the tooth tips of the sawtooth plates face backwards.
As further optimization, the outer wall of the screen cylinder is fixedly connected with a gear ring, the gear ring is in meshed connection with a gear arranged on the vehicle body, the gear is connected with a driving motor for driving the screen cylinder to rotate, and the rotation direction of the screen cylinder is opposite to that of the rotating shaft.
As further optimization, the rear part of the rotating shaft is connected with a grass chopper.
As further optimization, the grass chopper is fixedly connected to a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end of the sleeve is in transmission connection with a motor fixedly arranged on the vehicle body through a chain transmission mechanism.
As further optimization, the small sieve holes are oblong holes, and the large sieve holes are round holes.
As further optimization, the left side and the right side of the screen cylinder are respectively provided with a baffle, and the baffles are fixedly connected to the vehicle body and are used for preventing fruit beans from falling out of the vibrating screen.
As further optimization, the upper part of the rear end of the excavating platform is hinged with the vehicle body, the lower part of the excavating platform is hinged with an oil cylinder, and the other end of the oil cylinder is hinged with the vehicle body and is used for controlling the front-most excavating depth of the excavating platform through the expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that under the condition that the space of the self-propelled vehicle body is limited, the self-propelled vehicle body at least comprises five-stage screening mechanisms, has strong soil screening capability, can effectively screen out soil blocks and stalks carried by the cyperus esculentus, and improves the efficiency and quality of the cyperus esculentus harvest.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a complete machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an excavating stage and lift chain mechanism interface of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an excavating stage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a screen cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a center rotation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fruit soil cleaning apparatus and a fruit collecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The corresponding relation between the technical characteristics and the reference numerals in the drawing is that a vehicle running system 1, a digging and conveying system 2, a root and fruit separating device 3, a fruit soil cleaning device 4, a fruit collecting device 5, a frame 6, a rotary tillage device 7, a conveying plate chain 8, a primary collecting device 9, an elevating chain mechanism 10, a transmission device 11, a lifting arm 12, an oil cylinder 13, a rotary tillage cutter pair 14, a soil feeding shovel 15, a rotating shaft 16, a soil gathering shell 17, a chain plate belt 18, a transmission mechanism 19, a triangular vibrating shaft 20, a central rotating mechanism 21, a screen drum 22, a rotating shaft 23, a grass guiding sheet 24, a throwing rope 25, grass cutter 26, a guiding plate 28, a collecting plate 29, a vibrating screen 30, an eccentric rocking bar 31, a cleaning fan 32, a secondary collecting device 33, a fruit bean elevating conveyor 34, a storage bin 35, an angle sensor 36, a displacement sensor 37, a torque sensor 38 and a control device 39.
Detailed Description
The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is shown, however, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1 please refer to fig. 1-6. The present embodiment uses the vehicle body advancing direction as the front.
A self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester comprises a vehicle running system 1, an excavating and conveying system 2, a root and fruit separating device 3, a fruit soil cleaning device 4 and a fruit collecting device 5, wherein multiple modules coordinate to form a high-efficiency sustainable combine harvesting equipment system.
The vehicle running system 1, namely a vehicle body, comprises a cockpit, a chassis system and a power system, and is a key for realizing the research and development of the self-propelled harvester.
The excavating and conveying system 2 comprises an excavating platform, and comprises a frame 6, a rotary tillage device 7, a conveying plate chain 8, a primary collecting device 9, an elevating chain mechanism 10 and a transmission device 11. The frame 6 is used for fixing and connecting rotary tillage device 7, conveying plate chain 8, one-level collection device 9 etc., and the lifting arm 12 is linked firmly to frame 6 upper end, the front end of lifting arm is articulated with conveying plate chain 8 through the lifting shaft to make the lifting shaft regard as the safety spare, and the fracture damages the back removable, and the life-span and the reliability of protection frame 6. The lower end of the lifting arm 12 is hinged with an oil cylinder 13 for providing driving force for the lifting arm 12, so that the front end device can be lifted or fallen. The frame 6 is connected with a rotary tillage device 7 and used for excavating an operation area, a conveying plate chain 8 is arranged in the middle of the frame 6 and used for conveying the bean soil mixture crushed by the rotary tillage device 7 to the rear end of the harvester, and the conveying plate chain 8 is provided with a chain plate belt 18 with small sieve holes for preliminary soil screening. The bean-soil mixture after the primary screening is conveyed to a first-stage collecting device 9 by a conveying plate chain 8, and a packing auger in the device brings the bean-soil mixture towards the center and drops to a lift chain mechanism 10 (with a fruit particle baffle) from a lower end outlet, and then is conveyed to a rear-end root fruit separating device 3 along the lift chain mechanism 10. A driving motor is arranged at one side of the center of the frame 6, and the driving motor drives each component in the front-end device to stably operate through a transmission device 11.
The rotary tillage device 7 comprises a rotary tillage cutter pair 14, a soil inlet shovel 15, a rotating shaft 16 and a soil gathering shell 17. The rotary blade pair 14 is fixed on the rotating shaft 16, and the rotating shaft 16 is connected with a transmission component outside the frame 6 and is connected with a driving motor, so that the rotary blade can rotate reversely. The soil-feeding shovel 15 moves forward in cooperation with the harvester, and the bean-soil mixture crushed by the rotary blade pair 14 is shoveled up and conveyed to the conveying plate chain 8. The soil gathering shell 17 gathers the bean soil mixture and enables the soil feeding shovel 15 to convey crops as much as possible, so that the fruit leakage rate is reduced. Meanwhile, sundries such as cyperus esculentus plants or soil and the like can be prevented from entering the transmission assembly as much as possible, so that transmission is blocked, a mechanical device is damaged, and harvesting efficiency is reduced. The conveyor chain 8 includes a link plate belt 18, a transmission mechanism 19, and a triangular vibration shaft 20. The chain plate belt 18 is connected with the transmission mechanism 19 and is driven by a driving motor to drive the chain plate belt 18 to circularly rotate, so that the bean-soil mixture is conveyed to the rear end of the device, and small sieve holes are formed in the chain plate belt 18, so that partial soil blocks and sundries can be primarily sieved. The triangular vibration shaft 20 is connected with a driving motor through a transmission assembly, so that the chain plate belt 18 can vibrate vertically at high frequency in the conveying process, and soil blocks and sundries are further screened out. The triangular vibration shaft 20 belongs to the prior art, and the principle of the triangular vibration shaft 20 comprises that a main shaft of the triangular vibration shaft 20 is arranged on the frame 6, a plurality of triangular support frames are sleeved on the main shaft, each corner of the triangular support frames is provided with a rotatable roller, and when the main shaft rotates, the three rollers are driven to sequentially prop up the chain plate belt 18 passing through from the upper part so as to vibrate the chain plate belt 18. The frame 6 is connected with the main body of the harvester, and is provided with a monitoring unit and a control system. The monitoring unit comprises an angle sensor 36 and a displacement sensor 37. The angle sensor 36 is used for measuring the included angle between the vertical fixed surface hinge joint of the lifting arm and the harvester body, monitoring the vertical posture of the front end device, and judging the digging depth of the rotary tillage device 7. The displacement sensor 37 is used for monitoring the offset degree of the front-end device frame 6 in the horizontal direction and ensuring the linear stability of the working path of the harvester. The output ends of all the sensors are electrically connected with the input end of the control system, so that the real-time transmission of the acquisition signals is ensured. The control system adjusts the oil cylinder 13 at the lower end of the lifting arm 12 in real time according to the vertical posture information of the front end device acquired by the angle sensor 36, so as to ensure the digging depth of the rotary tillage device 7. According to the horizontal direction offset information of the frame collected by the displacement sensor 37, the information is fed back to the cockpit in real time, so that a driver (manned) or a direction control system (unmanned) can be guaranteed to quickly adjust the operation state of the vehicle. The monitoring and control of the two-way gesture of the front end device can ensure the stable operation and the automatic adjustment of the digging depth of the rotary tillage device of the harvester.
The root and fruit separating device 3 comprises a central rotating mechanism 21 and a screen drum 22, and is mainly used as a screening system for separating and screening the cyperus esculentus and the stems, and meanwhile, partial soil blocks can be further screened out. The center rotating mechanism 21 consists of a rotating shaft 23, a grass guiding sheet 24, a rope 25 and a grass chopper 26. When the bean soil mixture is conveyed to the screen drum 22 by the lift chain mechanism 10, the transmission assembly drives the rotating shaft 23 to enable the central rotating mechanism 21 to rotate, the rope 25 on the connecting rod of the rotating shaft 23 applies impact force to the stalks in the rotating process to enable the chufa to be separated from the stalks, and scattered stalks are pushed to the rear end of the screen drum 22 by the grass guide sheet 24 to be discharged. Considering that the stalks are easy to be blocked in the discharging process when the feeding amount is large, the grass cutter 26 is additionally arranged at the rear end of the rotating shaft 23 (namely, the rear end of the screen drum 22), and when the stalks are blocked, the motor of the grass cutter 26 is started to enable the grass cutter to rotate at a high speed to break the blocked stalks. The outside screen drum 22 rotates at a constant speed, and the separated cyperus esculentus, soil blocks which are not discharged along with the stalks and small grass stalks drop to the inner wall of the screen drum 22, and the separated cyperus esculentus, soil blocks and small grass stalks drop to the fruit soil cleaning device along with the rotation of the screen drum 22. The inner wall of the bottommost side of the screen cylinder 22 is additionally provided with a circular baffle plate to prevent the cyperus esculentus from falling out of the screen cylinder 22 in the rolling process. In addition, a torque sensor 38 is additionally arranged on the root and fruit separating device 3, whether blockage occurs or not is judged by monitoring the torque of the rotating shaft 23, and the motor of the grass cutter 26 is started in real time in a matched mode.
The fruit soil cleaning device 4 comprises a separation screening system, a derivation plate 28 and a collection plate 29. The separation screening system consists of a horizontal vibrating screen 30, an eccentric rocker 31, a cleaning fan 32 and the like. The mixed material containing crushed grass, soil blocks and cyperus esculentus falls to the horizontal vibrating screen 30 below from the screen drum 22, and the vibrating screen 30 is based on gridding design, is provided with serrated barrier (i.e. serration plate) along the axial nine-partition, and is radially quartered in the middle, and the screen surface is provided with unequal diameter holes, and three quarters of the front end is provided with oblong holes, which are mainly used for screening out weeds and crushed soil impurities, and the size of the holes of the rear end quarter is slightly larger than the diameter of the cyperus esculentus body, so that the cyperus esculentus can fall to the lower end collecting plate 29. The vibrating screen 30 realizes the reciprocating high-frequency vibration back and forth through the front eccentric rocking bar 31, and the vibrating screen 30 and the eccentric rocking bar 31 belong to the prior art and are similar to the vibrating principle of the vibrating screen of the existing wheat harvester. During vibration the weeds and crushed soil move towards the front end of the screen, drop from the oblong holes to the lower end deflector plate 28 and are discharged directly to the field. While the cyperus esculentus moves towards the rear end of the screen, falls from the rear end aperture to the collection plate 29 and enters the next link. During vibratory screening, the purge fan 32 utilizes strong winds to further blow out weeds and debris from the mixed material out of the screening system. In addition, a control device 39 is arranged at the front end of the eccentric rocker 31, a visual recognition module is arranged at the upper end of the vibrating screen 30, and the vibration amplitude and the frequency of the vibrating screen 30 are adjusted in real time through the control device 39 according to the impurity-containing condition of the photographed mixed material, so that the working efficiency and the screening effect of the screening system are ensured.
The fruit collection device 5 includes a secondary collection device 33 (including a receiving hopper of the fruit bean elevator 34), the fruit bean elevator 34 and a storage bin 35. The cyperus esculentus stem collecting plate 29 screened out from the fruit soil cleaning device 4 falls to the secondary collecting device 33, the auger in the device conveys the cyperus esculentus to the fruit bean elevator 34 on the right side of the harvester, a baffle is arranged on the fruit bean elevator 34, the cyperus esculentus is conveyed into the storage bin 35 in a layered mode, and the inlet of the storage bin 35 is designed into a slope shape and is additionally provided with a rubber pad so as to ensure the integrity of the inlet cyperus esculentus and low skin breakage rate. In addition, according to the feeding amount of the cyperus esculentus entering the fruit bean elevator 34, the elevator speed is adjusted in real time, and the work efficiency is ensured to be maximized.
It can be seen that the cyperus esculentus harvester of the embodiment comprises a car body capable of independently walking, wherein the front end of the car body is connected with a digging table, a conveying plate chain 8 is arranged on the digging table, the tail end of the digging table is in butt joint with a lifting chain mechanism 10 fixedly connected to the car body, the lifting chain mechanism 10 is used for conveying the cyperus esculentus mixture to the lifting chain mechanism 10 through the conveying plate chain 8, the rear end of the lifting chain mechanism 10 stretches into the front part of a sieve drum 22 and is used for conveying the cyperus esculentus mixture to the sieve drum 22, a rotatable rotating shaft 23 is arranged at the center of the sieve drum 22, a plurality of grass guide plates 24 and a plurality of throwing ropes 25 are connected to the rotating shaft 23 and are used for throwing beans and rhizomes of the cyperus esculentus to separate when the rotating shaft 23 rotates, the grass guide plates 24 are used for pushing the rhizomes to move towards the rear end of the sieve drum 22 when the rotating shaft 23 rotates, the sieve drum is arranged at the front end of the sieve drum 22, a plurality of sieve drum is connected to the sieve drum 30, a plurality of sieve blades 30 are arranged at the front end of the sieve drum and are connected to the sieve drum, a plurality of sieve blades 30 are arranged at the front end of the sieve drum 30, a plurality of sieve blades 30 are connected to the sieve drum 30 and are arranged at the front end of the sieve drum, a plurality of sieve blades 30 and are connected to the sieve drum 30, the sieve blades 30 are arranged at the sieve drum bottom end, the sieve blades 30 are connected to the sieve drum and are connected to the sieve drum end 30, the sieve blades 30 and the sieve blades are arranged at the sieve drum end and are connected to the sieve drum end 30 and are connected to the sieve drum end and the sieve drum end 30 and the sieve drum 30, the device comprises a vibrating screen 30, a fruit bean elevator 34, a storage bin 35 fixedly connected to a vehicle body, a collecting plate 29, a chain plate belt 18 of the conveying plate chain 8 and a chain plate belt 18 of the elevator chain mechanism 10, wherein the fruit beans falling from large sieve holes of the vibrating screen 30 are collected and fall into the fruit bean elevator 34, the outlet end of the fruit bean elevator 34 is positioned above the storage bin 35 and used for conveying the fruit beans, and a plurality of small sieve holes are formed in the collecting plate 29, the chain plate belt 18 of the conveying plate chain 8 and the chain plate belt 18 of the elevator chain mechanism 10 and used for sieving out soil mixed in the fruit beans.
It should be noted that the digging table is provided with a conveying plate chain 8, and a chain plate belt 18 of the conveying plate chain 8 is provided with small sieve holes to form a first-stage sieving mechanism, and is mainly used for sieving soil. The link plate 18 of the lift chain mechanism 10 has small screen holes to form a secondary screening mechanism, primarily for screening earth. The screen drum 22 is provided with large screen holes to form a three-stage screening mechanism mainly used for screening out the fruit beans and retaining the stalks, and the stalks are finally discharged from the rear end of the screen drum 22. The vibrating screen 30 has small screen holes to form a four-stage screening mechanism, mainly for screening soil. The collection plate 29 has small mesh openings forming a five stage screening mechanism primarily for screening earth. The guiding plate 28 is mainly used for guiding out impurities with larger specific gravity such as soil particles, stones, glass, screws and the like, and improves the cleanliness of harvesting.
Therefore, the embodiment has at least five-stage screening capability on the basis of self-walking capability, has compact structure and reasonable arrangement, and has strong screening capability. The embodiment can solve the screening problem that the fibrous roots of the cyperus esculentus adhere to a large amount of soil blocks, and the working efficiency is high when digging and harvesting.
In order to further improve screening capability, the vehicle further comprises a cleaning fan 32 fixedly connected to the lower part of the vehicle body, wherein an air outlet of the cleaning fan 32 is positioned below the front end of the vibrating screen 30 and faces to small sieve holes of the vibrating screen 30. It can be seen that the air flow from the cleaning fan 32 sequentially passes through the small mesh holes of the vibrating screen 30 and the screen drum 22, and light impurities such as stalks, weeds, plastic cloth, crushed soil powder and the like can be discharged out of the vehicle, so as to avoid falling into the collecting plate 29. Essentially, the purge fan 32 becomes a sixth stage screening mechanism, primarily for screening out light impurities.
The upper end of the vibrating screen 30 is fixedly connected with a plurality of sawtooth plates which are uniformly distributed at left and right intervals, the length of each sawtooth plate is equal to that of the vibrating screen 30, and the tooth tips of the sawtooth plates face backwards. On one hand, the falling beans of the screen cylinder 22 are more uniformly distributed, on the other hand, under the action of vibration, the tooth tips gradually push the impurities such as stems and the like to be discharged backward, so that the phenomenon that the impurities are accumulated in small screen hole areas of the vibrating screen 30 to cause blockage is avoided, and the impurity removing capability is improved.
In order to further improve screening capability, the outer wall of the screen cylinder 22 is fixedly connected with a gear ring, the gear ring is in meshed connection with a gear arranged on the vehicle body, the gear is connected with a driving motor for driving the screen cylinder 22 to rotate, and the rotation direction of the screen cylinder 22 is opposite to that of the rotating shaft 23. It can be seen that the reversed screen drum 22 increases the relative speed of the grass guide 24 and the rope 25, improves the impact force, improves the effect of separating the bean stems, improves the capability of discharging the stems, and improves the screening efficiency.
In order to facilitate the independent control of the grass chopper 26, the grass chopper 26 is fixedly connected with a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft 23, and one end of the sleeve is in transmission connection with a motor fixedly arranged on the vehicle body through a chain transmission mechanism 19. The on-off and rotation speed of the grass cutter 26 can be independently controlled, and the control is flexible according to the parameters collected by the torque sensor 38, so that the anti-blocking capability and the dredging efficiency are further improved.
Wherein the small sieve pore area of the vibrating screen 30 occupies three fourths of the total area of the vibrating screen 30, and the large sieve pore area of the vibrating screen 30 occupies one fourth of the total area of the vibrating screen 30. Therefore, the area of the small sieve pore area of the sieve soil is enlarged, the sieving capacity is improved, and a quarter area is reserved as a fruit leakage area, so that the particles are ensured to be in a warehouse.
The small sieve holes are oblong holes, so that on the basis of ensuring no fruit leakage, the trafficability of crushed soil is enlarged, and the soil sieving efficiency is improved. The big sieve holes are round holes, so that the trafficability of single beans is ensured, and the trafficability of a plurality of beans during adhesion is also ensured.
To prevent scattering beans, the left and right sides of the screen cylinder 22 are respectively provided with a baffle plate, which is fixedly connected to the vehicle body and is used for preventing the beans from falling out of the vibrating screen 30. More preferably, the lower part of the baffle extends towards the middle of the vibrating screen 30 to form the circular baffle, so that the beans fall into the vibrating screen 30.
If the excavation platform is excavated too deeply, not only the amount of excavated soil is excessive, but also the resistance of the vehicle body to advance is increased, so that the oil consumption is increased, and the working efficiency is reduced. If the digging table is too shallow, fruits are easy to leak, waste is caused, and the harvest yield is reduced. Therefore, in order to ensure efficiency and avoid fruit leakage, the upper part of the rear end of the excavating platform is hinged with the vehicle body, the lower part of the rear end of the excavating platform is hinged with the oil cylinder 13, and the other end of the oil cylinder 13 is hinged with the vehicle body, so as to control the front-most excavating depth of the excavating platform through the expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder 13, control the excavating amount and avoid fruit leakage.
In a word, the embodiment comprises a five-stage screening mechanism under the condition that the space of the self-propelled vehicle body is limited, has strong soil screening capability, can effectively screen out soil blocks carried by the root hairs of the cyperus esculentus, and improves the efficiency and quality of the cyperus esculentus harvesting.
The present invention is not described in detail in the prior art, and various technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined for those skilled in the art, and all possible combinations of the various technical features of the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the present description.
Claims (8)
1. A self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester comprises a vehicle body capable of automatically walking and is characterized in that the front end of the vehicle body is connected with an excavating table, a conveying plate chain (8) is arranged on the excavating table, the rear end of the conveying plate chain is in butt joint with an elevating chain mechanism (10) fixedly connected to the vehicle body, the rear end of the elevating chain mechanism (10) extends into the front part of a screen drum (22) arranged on the vehicle body, a rotatable rotating shaft (23) is arranged in the center of the screen drum (22), a plurality of grass guide sheets (24) and a plurality of throwing ropes (25) are connected to the rotating shaft (23), the throwing ropes (25) are used for throwing beans and rhizomes of the cyperus esculentus to separate when the rotating shaft (23) rotates, and the screen drum (22) is a single-drum-wall screen drum, and a plurality of big screen holes are uniformly distributed on the wall of the screen drum;
The system comprises a screen cylinder (22), a vibrating screen (30) capable of swinging in a reciprocating manner, a collecting plate (29) capable of tilting forward along a big screen hole on the cylinder wall, a collecting hopper (35) capable of being connected with the vibrating screen (30), a hopper (34) capable of being connected with the hopper (35) and a hopper (34), wherein the vibrating screen (30) capable of swinging in a reciprocating manner is connected with the vehicle body, the hopper is directly fallen onto the vibrating screen (30) along the big screen hole on the cylinder wall, a plurality of evenly distributed big screen holes are formed in the front part of the vibrating screen (30), a plurality of evenly distributed big screen holes are formed in the rear part of the vibrating screen (30), the small screen hole area of the vibrating screen (30) accounts for three-fourths of the total area of the vibrating screen (30), a guide plate (28) fixedly connected with the vibrating screen (30) and corresponding to the small screen hole position of the vibrating screen, a collection plate (29) fixedly connected with the vibrating screen (30) and the bottom of the vibrating screen is directly fallen onto the hopper (34);
The cleaning device is characterized by further comprising a cleaning fan (32) fixedly connected to the lower part of the vehicle body, wherein an air outlet of the cleaning fan (32) is positioned below the front end of the vibrating screen (30) and faces to small sieve holes of the vibrating screen (30), and air flow blown by the cleaning fan (32) sequentially flows through the small sieve holes of the vibrating screen (30) and the sieve cylinder (22);
the collecting plate (29), the chain plate belt of the conveying plate chain (8) and the chain plate belt of the lifting chain mechanism (10) are provided with a plurality of small sieve holes for sieving soil.
2. The self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sawtooth plates which are uniformly distributed at left and right intervals are fixedly connected to the upper end of the vibrating screen (30), the length of each sawtooth plate is equal to that of the vibrating screen (30), and the tooth tips of the sawtooth plates face backwards.
3. The self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the screen cylinder (22) is fixedly connected with a gear ring, the gear ring is in meshed connection with a gear arranged on the vehicle body, the gear is connected with a driving motor for driving the screen cylinder (22) to rotate, and the rotation direction of the screen cylinder (22) is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft (23).
4. The self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the rear part of the rotating shaft (23) is connected with a grass chopper (26).
5. The self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester according to claim 4, wherein the grass cutter (26) is fixedly connected to a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft (23), and one end of the sleeve is in transmission connection with a motor fixedly arranged on the vehicle body through a chain transmission mechanism (19).
6. The self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester of claim 1, wherein said small sieve holes are oblong holes and said large sieve holes are circular holes.
7. The self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein baffles are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the screen cylinder (22), and the baffles are fixedly connected to a vehicle body and are used for preventing fruit beans from falling out of the vibrating screen (30).
8. The self-propelled cyperus esculentus combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the rear end of the digging table is hinged with the vehicle body, the lower part of the digging table is hinged with an oil cylinder (13), and the other end of the oil cylinder (13) is hinged with the vehicle body and is used for controlling the front-most digging depth of the digging table through the expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder (13).
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| CN120920350B (en) * | 2025-10-16 | 2026-02-10 | 龙门实验室 | A screening and conveying device for a tiger nut harvester |
| CN121014358B (en) * | 2025-10-27 | 2026-01-02 | 龙门实验室 | Floating granary flattening device for cyperus esculentus harvester |
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| CN108901322A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-30 | 山东巨明机械有限公司 | Self-propelled cyperue esculentus cropper |
| CN212381689U (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2021-01-22 | 新乡地隆药业机械有限公司 | Crawler-type cyperus esculentus harvester |
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| KR101318407B1 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2013-10-15 | 얀마 가부시키가이샤 | Threshing section for combine |
| KR101738942B1 (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-05-29 | 정다운 | Device for harvesting bulbs and tubers |
| CN112056076A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2020-12-11 | 河南农业大学 | Crawler self-propelled cyperus esculentus harvester and cyperus esculentus harvesting method |
| CN216873913U (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-05 | 新乡地隆药业机械有限公司 | High-efficient cyperus esculentus harvester of towed |
| CN221058819U (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2024-06-04 | 新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所 | A kind of cyperus oleifera harvesting and weed removal machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108901322A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-30 | 山东巨明机械有限公司 | Self-propelled cyperue esculentus cropper |
| CN212381689U (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2021-01-22 | 新乡地隆药业机械有限公司 | Crawler-type cyperus esculentus harvester |
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