CN119412079B - A method for oblique top selection of tunnels with uniform cross-section - Google Patents
A method for oblique top selection of tunnels with uniform cross-section Download PDFInfo
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- CN119412079B CN119412079B CN202510011979.0A CN202510011979A CN119412079B CN 119412079 B CN119412079 B CN 119412079B CN 202510011979 A CN202510011979 A CN 202510011979A CN 119412079 B CN119412079 B CN 119412079B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及建筑施工领域，具体涉及一种等截面隧道斜交挑顶方法。等截面隧道相交位置采用异型拱架，每榀异形拱架根据与线路相交不同的角度，其结构形式均不同，同时通过斜撑和门架的设置保证斜交位置的结构稳定。本发明作为斜交等截面隧道挑顶支护结构，有效解决了等截面隧道斜交位置初期支护施工的问题，提高了施工质量，降低了施工安全风险。
The present invention relates to the field of building construction, and specifically to a method for obliquely crossing and top-lifting a tunnel of equal cross-section. Special-shaped arch frames are used at the intersection of equal-section tunnels, and each special-shaped arch frame has a different structural form according to the different angles of intersection with the line. At the same time, the structural stability of the oblique intersection position is ensured by the arrangement of diagonal braces and portal frames. As a top-lifting support structure for oblique equal-section tunnels, the present invention effectively solves the problem of initial support construction at the oblique intersection position of equal-section tunnels, improves construction quality, and reduces construction safety risks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a method for obliquely crossing and jacking a tunnel with a uniform section.
Background
In the railway tunnel construction process, when tunnels with the same cross section are inclined, because the cross sections are the same, the stress structure at the inclined position is complex, deformation and collapse are easy to occur, the site construction needs cannot be met, the potential safety quality hazards of the construction are large, meanwhile, serious economic loss is easy to cause, and the potential hazards are buried for the subsequent railway operation traffic safety. The existing construction method is to finish excavation supporting according to the outline of an originally designed constant section tunnel, then perform expansion excavation treatment at the intersection position of two constant section tunnels to finish structure conversion, and the method needs to destroy the steel support at the vault position. However, the stress on the vault is concentrated, and once the steel support at the vault is broken, the situation of structural instability and tunnel collapse is very easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for obliquely jacking a uniform-section tunnel, which aims to solve the problem of construction of the oblique crossing position of the uniform-section tunnel, and provides a design of a supporting structure system of the oblique crossing jacking of the uniform-section tunnel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is that the invention provides a method for obliquely picking the top of a tunnel with a uniform cross section, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, before two sections of inclined positions of a tunnel with equal cross section are excavated, surrounding rocks in the range of steps on a tunnel I with equal cross section are provided with advanced measures and grouting reinforcement treatment, and advanced supports are arranged above the surrounding rocks;
Step 2, after the advanced support construction is completed, tunnel excavation is carried out, concrete preliminary spraying is carried out after an upper step is excavated, and the upper step preliminary support is completed, wherein the method comprises four units, namely an upper step arch foot steel support, an upper step arch waist steel support, an upper step arch crown steel support and an upper step temporary vertical support steel support;
Step 3, suspending operation after finishing the primary support of the two arches of the upper step, starting diagonal bracing reinforcement construction, and reinforcing the load bearing capacity of the primary support right angle part of the upper step;
Step4, after the construction of the upper step is completed for the primary support of 6 arch frames, starting the construction of the lower step and completing the corresponding primary support construction, wherein the construction comprises two units of a lower step arch foot steel support and a lower step temporary vertical support steel support, and then synchronously propelling the upper step and the lower step;
step 5, excavating an inverted arch after the primary support of the lower step is completed by 3 arch frames, arranging the inverted arch only in the section at the diagonal position, and sealing the section steel arch frames into a ring by adopting the section steel arch frames when single excavation is not more than a threshold value;
Step 6, after the primary support of the inclined position paragraph is finished, the upper step and the lower step synchronously continue to construct forward for 10m according to the normal section and then pause operation, so that the lower step is ensured to be 10m away from the inclined position;
Step 7, a portal frame at an oblique position is constructed, wherein the portal frame consists of a vertical beam and a cross beam, the vertical beam and the cross beam are both composed of I-steel, the cross beam consists of 3 units, the vertical beam consists of 2 units, the vertical beam and the cross beam are connected through bolts, and the diagonal bracing of a tunnel I with a peer-to-peer section is required to be dismantled during portal frame construction;
step 8, after the portal frame is constructed, constructing an arc-shaped arch frame in the portal frame, wherein the upper part of the arc-shaped arch frame is provided with oblique I-steel which is connected with the portal frame in a welding mode;
Step 9, after the arc-shaped arch frame finishes supporting, tunneling of the equal-section tunnel II at the diagonal position is started, when the arch frame is arranged at intervals due to unequal distances between the left side and the right side, non-equidistant arrangement is adopted, and the temporary vertical supporting steel support of the upper step and the temporary vertical supporting steel support of the lower step of the initial supporting of the equal-section tunnel I in the range of the gate frame are required to be dismantled before tunneling;
and 10, strengthening monitoring measurement in the construction process, ensuring that the accumulated deformation of the primary support is not more than a threshold value, and ensuring that the deformation rate after the primary support is closed into a ring is not more than the threshold value, namely performing waterproof structure construction, and timely following subsequent lining construction.
The primary support comprises a section steel arch frame, longitudinal connecting steel bars, foot locking anchor pipes, system anchor rods, a steel bar net and sprayed concrete.
In the step 2, mechanical milling construction is adopted for tunnel excavation.
In the step 4, the left side and the right side of the lower step are excavated by stepping, and the stepping distance is 2 arch frames.
In the step 5, the threshold value of the single excavation distance of the inverted arch is 3m.
In the step 7, the portal frame adopts double-spliced I-steel.
In the step 9, the primary support arch frame of the constant-section tunnel I in the portal frame range is a vertical unit part of the special-shaped arch frame, namely an upper step temporary vertical support steel support and a lower step temporary vertical support steel support.
In the step 9, the primary support of the section is adjusted, the distance between the short side arches is 0.5m, and the distance between the long side arches is 1m.
Aiming at the construction of the tunnel diagonal position with the same section, the invention solves the problem of stable structure by adopting the measures of mechanical milling excavation, special-shaped arch support, temporary reinforcement of diagonal braces, reinforcement of double-spliced I20I-shaped steel portal frames, reinforcement of arc-shaped arch frames and the like, and displays that the accumulated maximum deformation sedimentation value is 2.4cm and the accumulated maximum deformation convergence value is 1.9cm according to the monitoring and measuring result, thereby ensuring the structural safety and reducing the construction safety risk.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method for obliquely picking the top of the tunnel with the uniform section.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional tunnel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a cross section of a constant section tunnel I of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a constant section tunnel II according to the present invention;
In the figure, 1-advance support, 2A-upper step arch steel support, 2B-upper step arch steel support, 2C-upper step arch steel support, 2D-upper step temporary vertical support steel support, 3-upper step, 4-lower step, 5A-lower step arch steel support, 5B-lower step temporary vertical support steel support, 6-inverted arch, 7-foot locking anchor pipe, 8-cross beam, 9-diagonal support, 10-vertical beam and 11-arc arch.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the embodiments of the invention, reference will now be made to the drawings of several specific embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a process flow diagram of a medium-section tunnel diagonal roof picking method in one embodiment includes:
step 1, before two sections of inclined positions of a tunnel with equal cross section are excavated, surrounding rocks in the range of a step 3 on a tunnel I with equal cross section are provided with advanced measures and grouting reinforcement treatment, and advanced supports 1 are arranged above the surrounding rocks;
Step 2, after the construction of the advanced support 1 is completed, tunnel excavation is carried out, concrete preliminary spraying is carried out after an upper step 3 is excavated, and the upper step preliminary support is completed, wherein the four units of an upper step arch foot steel support 2A, an upper step arch waist steel support 2B, an upper step arch crown steel support 2C and an upper step temporary vertical support steel support 2D are included;
Step 3, suspending operation after finishing the primary support of the two arch frames of the upper step 3, starting to carry out diagonal bracing 9 reinforcement construction, and reinforcing the load bearing capacity of the primary support right angle part of the upper step 3;
step 4, after the construction of the upper step 3 completes the primary support of 6 arch frames, starting the construction of the lower step 4 and completing the corresponding primary support construction, wherein the construction comprises two units of a lower step arch foot steel support 5A and a lower step temporary vertical support steel support 5B, and then synchronously propelling the upper step and the lower step;
step 5, excavating an inverted arch 6 after the primary support of the lower step 4 is completed by 3 arch frames, arranging the inverted arch 6 only on the section at the diagonal position, and sealing the section steel arch frames into a ring by adopting the section steel arch frames when single excavation is not more than a threshold value;
step 6, after the primary support of the inclined position section is completed, the upper step 3 and the lower step 4 synchronously continue to construct forward for 10m according to the normal section and then pause operation, so that the lower step is ensured to be 10m away from the inclined position;
Step 7, a portal frame at an oblique position is constructed, the portal frame is composed of a vertical beam 10 and a cross beam 8, the vertical beam 10 and the cross beam 8 are both composed of I-steel, the cross beam 8 is composed of 3 units, the vertical beam 10 is composed of 2 units, the vertical beam 10 and the cross beam 8 are connected through bolts, and the diagonal bracing 9 of a tunnel I with a peer-to-peer section is required to be dismantled during portal frame construction;
step 8, after the portal frame is constructed, constructing an arc-shaped arch frame 11 in the portal frame, wherein the upper part of the arc-shaped arch frame is provided with oblique I-steel which is connected with the portal frame in a welding mode;
Step 9, after the arc-shaped arch 11 finishes supporting, tunneling of the equal-section tunnel II at the diagonal position is started, when the distance between the left side and the right side of the adjusting section is set, non-equidistant setting is adopted until the adjustment is finished, and the upper step temporary vertical supporting steel support 2D and the lower step temporary vertical supporting steel support 5B of the initial supporting of the equal-section tunnel I in the range of the gate frame are required to be dismantled before tunneling;
and 10, strengthening monitoring measurement in the construction process, ensuring that the accumulated deformation of the primary support is not more than a threshold value, and ensuring that the deformation rate after the primary support is closed into a ring is not more than the threshold value, namely performing waterproof structure construction, and timely following subsequent lining construction.
The primary support comprises a section steel arch frame, longitudinal connecting steel bars, foot locking anchor pipes, system anchor rods, a steel bar net and sprayed concrete.
The portal adopts double-spliced I-steel, namely the flange plates are welded into a whole by adopting the same I-steel.
And the initial support arch frame of the constant-section tunnel I in the portal frame dismantling range is an upper step temporary vertical support steel support 2D and a lower step temporary vertical support steel support 5B part of the initial support of the constant-section tunnel I.
The arches of the constant-section tunnel II are arranged in a non-equidistant mode, namely, the distance between the short side arches of the adjusting section is 0.5m, and the distance between the long side arches is 1m.
The invention solves the problem of stable structure by adopting the measures of mechanical milling excavation, special-shaped arch support, temporary reinforcement of diagonal braces, reinforcement of double-spliced I20I-shaped steel portal frames, reinforcement of arc-shaped arch frames and the like aiming at the construction of the diagonal positions of tunnels with the same section, ensures the structural safety according to the monitoring and measuring results, and reduces the construction safety risk.
The following describes an application scenario of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a diagonal plane of a tunnel with a uniform section of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cross section I of a tunnel with a uniform section of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic view of a cross section II of a tunnel with a uniform section of the present invention, which specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, setting a phi 60mm advanced middle pipe shed, 9 m/root, with a lap joint length of 3m and a pipe shed circumferential spacing of 50cm in the range of a step 3 on a equal section tunnel I before the two equal section tunnels are excavated in the oblique crossing position paragraphs, controlling the external inserting angle of the pipe shed to be 1-3 degrees, and excavating after drilling and verifying grouting effects;
Step 2, excavating by adopting a two-step reserved core soil milling excavation method, wherein the excavation distance is not more than 2 arch frames distance in each cycle, after the upper step 3 is excavated, the upper step is closed by adopting sprayed concrete with the thickness of 5cm, the upper step is reinforced and supported by adopting I18 steel arch frames, the spacing is 0.8M, the method comprises four units of an upper step arch foot steel support 2A, an upper step arch waist steel support 2B, an upper step arch foot steel support 2C and an upper step temporary vertical support steel support 2D, all the units are connected by adopting M27 high-strength bolts, the arch frames are reinforced and connected by adopting phi 22mm screw steel bars, meanwhile, the construction and grouting reinforcement of a locking foot anchor pipe are enhanced, and the locking foot is a phi 42mm steel flower pipe with the length of 4M/root;
Step 3, suspending operation after finishing the primary support of the two arches of the upper step 3, starting diagonal bracing reinforcement construction, wherein the diagonal bracing is an I18-shaped steel arch, and reinforcing the load bearing capacity of the primary support right-angle part of the upper step 3;
Step 4, after the construction of the upper step 3 completes the primary support of 6 arch frames, starting the construction of the lower step 4 and completing the corresponding primary support construction, wherein the construction comprises a lower step arch foot steel support 5A and a lower step temporary vertical support steel support 5B, then synchronously propelling the upper step and the lower step, wherein the footage of the lower step is not more than 2 arch frames in each cycle, and the arch feet of the upper step are strictly forbidden to be suspended;
step 5, excavating an inverted arch after the primary support of the lower step 4 is completed by 3 arch frames, wherein the inverted arch frames are connected with the arch frames of the lower step 4 by bolts, and the inverted arch6 is arranged only in a section at an oblique crossing position, and the single excavation is not more than 3m;
Step 6, after the primary support passport of the diagonal position paragraph is finished, the upper step 3 and the lower step 4 synchronously continue to be constructed forward for 10m according to the normal section and then pause operation, so that the position of the lower step away from the diagonal position is ensured to be 10m;
Step 7, before tunneling a tunnel II with the same cross section, constructing a portal frame at an oblique crossing position, wherein the portal frame consists of a vertical beam 10 and a cross beam 8, the vertical beam 10 and the cross beam 8 are both composed of I20I-steel, the cross beam 8 consists of 3 units, the vertical beam 10 consists of 2 units, the vertical beam 10 and the cross beam 8 are connected by bolts, and when the portal frame is constructed, the oblique support of the tunnel I with the same cross section is required to be dismantled, and in the dismantling process, the protection of a connected arch frame is paid attention;
Step 8, after the construction of the portal frame is completed, constructing an arc-shaped arch frame 11 in the portal frame, wherein the upper part of the arc-shaped arch frame 11 is provided with oblique I-steel which is connected with the portal frame, and the connection mode of the position is welding;
And 9, after the arc-shaped arch 11 finishes supporting, tunneling of the equal-section tunnel II at the diagonal position is started, the section is adjusted, the arch spacing of the short sides is 0.5m, the arch spacing of the long sides is 1m, and the upper step temporary vertical supporting steel support 2D and the lower step temporary vertical supporting steel support 5B of the initial supporting of the equal-section tunnel I in the door frame range are required to be dismantled before tunneling, and mechanical dismantling is adopted for dismantling.
The foregoing disclosure is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN216974878U (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-07-15 | 四川路桥华东建设有限责任公司 | Landslide accumulation body tunnel top-picking composite reinforcing ring |
| CN115717536A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-02-28 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Inclined shaft forward-hole-entering and top-raising construction method for large-section tunnel in weak water-rich stratum |
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| CN103195432A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-07-10 | 中铁二十二局集团第一工程有限公司 | Weak surrounding rock, tunnel intersection and arc-shaped pilot tunnel construction method |
| CN207647521U (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-07-24 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Rock matter super large section tunnel inclined shaft changes positive cave and faces supporting construction system forever |
| CN110230507A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-13 | 中建交通建设集团有限公司四川分公司 | A kind of cabinet frame caunches engineering method |
| CN112431599B (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-10-28 | 中铁十九局集团第五工程有限公司 | Tunnel excavation method for upper soft and lower hard stratum |
| CN117145496A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-12-01 | 广西交通设计集团有限公司 | Construction method for transferring transverse tunnel to positive tunnel of large-section weak surrounding rock tunnel |
| CN118640020A (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-09-13 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | A construction method for fast top lifting of large-span and small-angle inclined shafts |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN216974878U (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-07-15 | 四川路桥华东建设有限责任公司 | Landslide accumulation body tunnel top-picking composite reinforcing ring |
| CN115717536A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-02-28 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Inclined shaft forward-hole-entering and top-raising construction method for large-section tunnel in weak water-rich stratum |
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