CN119363777A - An analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things - Google Patents

An analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119363777A
CN119363777A CN202411424969.1A CN202411424969A CN119363777A CN 119363777 A CN119363777 A CN 119363777A CN 202411424969 A CN202411424969 A CN 202411424969A CN 119363777 A CN119363777 A CN 119363777A
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wireless communication
module
environmental
analog
digital
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CN119363777B (en
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汪盛虎
田恒
雷爽
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Wuhan Xiaoma Wulian Technology Co ltd
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Wuhan Xiaoma Wulian Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/03—Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption
    • H04W12/033—Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption of the user plane, e.g. user's traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/0085—Hand-off measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
    • H04W36/144—Reselecting a network or an air interface over a different radio air interface technology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于物联网的模拟量信号传输系统，涉及物联网传感技术领域。该系统中，环境传感器用于采集目标区域的环境模拟量信号；模数转换模块用于将环境模拟量信号进行模数转换处理；主机无线通信模块用于发射环境数字信号；从机无线通信模块用于接收环境数字信号；数模转换模块用于将环境数字信号进行数模转换处理；接口模块用于将环境还原模拟量信号传输给环境模拟设备；环境还原模拟量信号用于使环境模拟设备控制测试区域的环境状况与目标区域相匹配。本发明通过精确的采集、传输和还原环境模拟量信号，使测试区域和目标区域的环境状况保持一致，让环境信息对测试作业的影响可以被直观且准确地理解和控制。

The present invention discloses an analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things, and relates to the field of Internet of Things sensing technology. In the system, an environmental sensor is used to collect environmental analog signals of a target area; an analog-to-digital conversion module is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion processing on the environmental analog signals; a host wireless communication module is used to transmit environmental digital signals; a slave wireless communication module is used to receive environmental digital signals; a digital-to-analog conversion module is used to perform digital-to-analog conversion processing on the environmental digital signals; an interface module is used to transmit environmental restoration analog signals to an environmental simulation device; and the environmental restoration analog signals are used to enable the environmental simulation device to control the environmental conditions of a test area to match those of a target area. The present invention keeps the environmental conditions of a test area and a target area consistent by accurately collecting, transmitting and restoring environmental analog signals, so that the influence of environmental information on the test operation can be intuitively and accurately understood and controlled.

Description

Analog quantity signal transmission system based on Internet of things
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensing of the Internet of things, in particular to an analog quantity signal transmission system based on the Internet of things.
Background
When testing in industrial workshops, outdoor environments, laboratories and other scenes, environmental information is usually monitored by an environmental sensor, so that the environmental information is accurately mastered, and the testing is facilitated.
In conventional testing operations, it is often necessary to collect environmental information, typically analog signals (e.g., current signals or voltage signals), from sensors in a test environment. The detected analog signal is then transmitted via a wire to the test person's equipment. However, if the signal conductor is longer, the impedance in the conductor is larger, and the acquired analog signal is attenuated or distorted, the remote high-precision acquisition and analysis of the detection signal cannot be realized.
To overcome this problem, the related art adopts a solution in which an analog signal acquired by an environmental sensor is converted into a digital signal through a wireless communication technology and transmitted to a tester. The tester then analyzes and processes the digital signal.
However, many times, the influence of the environmental information on the test operation cannot be intuitively and accurately known only by analyzing and processing the digital signals.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems and defects, the invention aims to provide an analog quantity signal transmission system based on the Internet of things, which enables the environmental conditions of a test area and a target area to be consistent through accurately acquiring, transmitting and restoring environmental analog quantity signals, so that the influence of environmental information on test operation can be intuitively and accurately understood and controlled.
The invention provides an analog quantity signal transmission system based on the Internet of things, which comprises an environment sensor, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a host wireless communication module, a slave wireless communication module, a digital-to-analog conversion module, an interface module and an environment restoration analog quantity signal, wherein the environment sensor is used for collecting the environment analog quantity signal of a target area, the analog-to-digital conversion module is connected with the environment sensor and is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the environment analog quantity signal to obtain an environment digital signal, the host wireless communication module is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module and is used for transmitting the environment digital signal, the slave wireless communication module is connected with the host wireless communication module and is used for receiving the environment digital signal, the digital-to-analog conversion module is connected with the slave wireless communication module and is used for carrying out digital-to-analog conversion processing on the environment digital signal to obtain an environment restoration analog quantity signal, the interface module is connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module and is connected with environment analog equipment of a test area and is used for transmitting the environment restoration analog quantity signal to the environment analog equipment, and the environment restoration analog quantity signal is used for enabling the environment analog equipment to control the test area to match the environment condition of the test area with the target area.
Based on the technology of the Internet of things, the invention collects analog quantity signals through the environment sensor, converts the analog quantity signals into digital signals through the analog-to-digital conversion module, transmits the digital signals through the wireless communication technology, and restores the digital signals into analog quantity signals through the digital-to-analog conversion module, thereby realizing remote high-precision signal collection and analysis. The interface module transmits the restored analog quantity signal to the environment simulation equipment, so that the environment condition of the test area can accurately simulate the target area, thereby providing reliable environment monitoring and control for industrial production and ensuring smooth operation. Therefore, the invention can directly and accurately understand and control the influence of the environmental information on the operation through visual analog quantity signal output. The signal reduction and real-time environment simulation capability can highly unify the laboratory test environment and the actual application environment, is favorable for intuitively and accurately knowing the influence of environment information on the operation, further improves the controllability, the reliability and the operation efficiency of the operation environment, and ensures that the test operation can be smoothly, efficiently and accurately performed in complex and changeable environments.
In some embodiments, the host wireless communication module comprises a first host wireless communication module and a second host wireless communication module, the slave wireless communication module comprises a first slave wireless communication module and a second slave wireless communication module, the first host wireless communication module is connected with the first slave wireless communication module through a first wireless communication network, or the second host wireless communication module is connected with the second slave wireless communication module through a second wireless communication network, and the communication standard of the first wireless communication network is different from the communication standard of the second wireless communication network.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the communication reliability and flexibility of the system are obviously improved by integrating two sets of wireless communication modules, namely the first host wireless communication module, the second host wireless communication module and the corresponding slave modules in the system. By supporting two different wireless communication standards, the system can select the most suitable communication network for data transmission according to the actual communication environment and requirements. This design not only provides communication redundancy, ensures continuity of data transmission, but also allows the system to seamlessly switch to one standard when the other is experiencing interference or failure, thereby optimizing communication efficiency and overall performance of the system.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a host control processing module, the host processing module is connected between the analog-to-digital conversion module and the host wireless communication module, and when the communication quality of the first wireless communication network is lower than a preset communication quality standard, the host control processing module is used for transmitting the environmental digital signal to the second host wireless communication module, and the second host wireless communication module is used for transmitting the environmental digital signal to the second slave wireless communication module through the second wireless communication network.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the capability of intelligently switching the communication paths of the system is endowed by the introduced host control processing module. When the communication quality of the first wireless communication network is reduced below a preset standard, the module can automatically switch the environment digital signal to the second host wireless communication module and continue to transmit through the second wireless communication network. The intelligent switching mechanism remarkably improves the reliability of data transmission, ensures the integrity and accuracy of key environment data, and can keep the efficient operation of the system even in an environment with unstable communication conditions.
In some embodiments, the host control processing module is further configured to obtain a communication quality parameter of the first wireless communication network, determine a communication quality evaluation result of the first wireless communication network according to the communication quality parameter and the communication quality standard, and determine whether to send the environmental digital signal through the first wireless communication network according to the communication quality evaluation result.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the host control processing module has the function of acquiring and evaluating the communication quality parameters, so that the self-adaption capability and the communication efficiency of the system are further enhanced. The module can monitor key parameters such as signal intensity, bit error rate and data packet loss rate of the first wireless communication network in real time, compares the key parameters with preset communication quality standards, and makes an intelligent decision whether to continue to send data through the current network. The real-time evaluation and decision mechanism enables the system to dynamically adjust the communication strategy and optimize the data transmission path, thereby improving the utilization rate of communication resources while ensuring the data transmission quality.
In some embodiments, the host control processing module is further configured to obtain an environmental information change condition of the target area, and control a signal acquisition frequency of the environmental sensor according to the environmental information change condition.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the host control processing module is allowed to dynamically adjust the acquisition frequency of the environment sensor according to the environment information change condition of the target area, so that the data acquisition process is optimized. This dynamic adjustment strategy enables the system to increase the acquisition frequency to capture more details when the environment changes drastically, and to decrease the acquisition frequency to save energy and storage resources when the environment is stable. The system not only improves the efficiency and quality of data acquisition, but also enables the system to respond to different monitoring requirements more flexibly, and in some embodiments, the host control processing module is also used for encrypting the environment digital signal to obtain the encrypted environment digital signal.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the data security of the system is obviously improved by integrating the encryption processing function in the host control processing module. By encrypting the environmental digital signal, the system can ensure that the data in the transmission process is not accessed or tampered by unauthorized, thereby protecting the confidentiality and the integrity of sensitive environmental data. Such encryption mechanisms are particularly important for application scenarios requiring high security, such as military, medical or critical infrastructure monitoring.
In some embodiments, the host control processing module is further configured to perform filtering processing on the environmental digital signal, to obtain a filtered environmental digital signal.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the quality of the environment digital signal is improved by introducing the filtering processing function into the host control processing module. By filtering the signals, the system can remove noise and interference, and extract more accurate and stable data, thereby providing a more reliable basis for subsequent data analysis and decision. The filtering process not only optimizes the quality of the data, but also enhances the adaptability of the system to complex environmental changes.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a relay module connected between the first master wireless communication module and the first slave wireless communication module, wherein the relay module is used for enhancing the environmental digital signal and transmitting the enhanced environmental digital signal to the first slave wireless communication module.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the coverage area of the wireless communication network is effectively expanded and the signal transmission capability is enhanced by adding the relay module into the system. The relay module can receive, enhance and forward the environment digital signal, thereby overcoming the attenuation and interference problems possibly encountered in the transmission process of the wireless signal. The relay mechanism is particularly suitable for application scenes with complex geographic environments or long communication distances, and ensures the continuity and reliability of data transmission.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a slave control processing module connected between the slave wireless communication module and the digital-to-analog conversion module for controlling the transmission of the environmental digital signal.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the control processing module is introduced into the slave part, so that the fine control on the environmental digital signal transmission process is realized. The module is not only responsible for receiving and processing signals transmitted by the slave wireless communication module, but also can control the digital-to-analog conversion module according to the processing result, thereby ensuring the accuracy of environmental reduction analog quantity signals. The control mechanism improves the management and optimization capability of the system to the data transmission process, so that the system can be more flexibly adapted to different application requirements.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises an analog-to-digital sampling module connected with the interface module and the slave control processing module, respectively, wherein the analog-to-digital sampling module is used for obtaining an analog sampling signal at the interface module and converting the analog sampling signal into a digital sampling signal, and the slave control processing module is further used for performing compensation processing on the environmental restoration analog quantity signal according to the digital sampling signal and the environmental digital signal.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the analog sampling module is integrated in the system, so that the high-precision acquisition and the digitization of the analog sampling signal at the interface module are realized. The module not only can acquire analog sampling signals, but also can convert the analog sampling signals into digital sampling signals for further analysis and compensation processing by the slave control processing module. The high-precision sampling and digital processing mechanism ensures that the system can simulate and control the environmental condition of the test area more accurately, and improves the precision and reliability of environmental simulation.
The one or more technical schemes provided by the invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
1. The communication reliability and flexibility are enhanced, namely, the communication reliability of the system is remarkably improved by introducing the design of the dual wireless communication module and the relay module. By configuring two sets of wireless communication modules and relay modules with different communication standards, the system can be intelligently switched to a better communication path according to real-time communication quality evaluation, and the continuity and stability of data transmission under variable environmental conditions are ensured.
2. The invention can dynamically adjust the acquisition frequency of the sensor and the filtering processing of the data according to the change of the environmental information and the real-time feedback of the communication quality. The intelligent data acquisition strategy not only improves the accuracy and the real-time performance of the data, but also optimizes the overall energy consumption and the processing efficiency of the system by reducing unnecessary data transmission.
3. The data safety and the simulation precision are improved, the data transmission safety is enhanced, and the precision of the simulation signal is improved. By implementing the data encryption processing in the host control processing module, the security of the transmission data is ensured. Meanwhile, through the compensation processing of the analog-digital sampling module and the slave control processing module, the system can accurately simulate the environment condition of a target area, and powerful technical support is provided for high-precision environment monitoring and control.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an analog signal transmission system based on the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a master wireless communication module and a slave wireless communication module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another analog signal transmission system based on the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The terminology used in the following embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates to the contrary. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in this disclosure is intended to encompass any or all possible combinations of one or more of the listed items.
The terms "first", "second" are used in the following for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as implying relative importance or implying a number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature, and in the description of embodiments of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
It should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and the like in the embodiments of the present invention should be construed broadly. For example, the "connection" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection, may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, may be communication between two elements, or may be a wired communication connection or a wireless communication connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances. The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail.
The embodiment of the invention provides an analog quantity signal transmission system based on the Internet of things, which can enable the acquisition, conversion, transmission and restoration processes of environmental data to be more efficient and accurate. The embodiment can convert the analog signals captured by the environment sensor into digital signals, solves the problems of distance limitation and signal attenuation in the traditional wired transmission mode by utilizing the wireless communication technology, and ensures the stability and reliability of data transmission. And then the digital signals are restored into analog signals, which is beneficial to intuitively and accurately controlling the environment of the test area. According to the embodiment, through accurate acquisition, transmission and restoration of the environment analog quantity signals, the environment conditions of the test area and the target area are kept consistent, and the influence of the environment information on the test operation can be intuitively and accurately understood and controlled.
As shown in fig. 1, the analog signal transmission system based on the internet of things in the present embodiment includes an environment sensor 101, an analog-to-digital conversion module 102, a master wireless communication module 103, a slave wireless communication module 201, a digital-to-analog conversion module 202 and an interface module 203.
The environmental sensor 101 is used to acquire environmental analog signals of a target area.
Specifically, the environmental sensor 101 is deployed in the target area, and is responsible for monitoring and capturing critical environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, pressure, gas concentration, etc., in real time, and converting these physical quantities into measurable analog signals, i.e., forming an environmental analog signal, and providing raw input for subsequent data processing and environmental control. These analog signals may be in the form of continuously varying voltages or currents, typically employing standard industrial signals such as 4-20mA current signals or 0-10V voltage signals, to ensure compatibility and accuracy with existing industrial automation systems. By accurately collecting these analog signals, the environmental sensor 101 provides the overall internet of things system with basic data for monitoring the environmental conditions so that the system can respond and adjust to environmental changes in time.
The analog-to-digital conversion module 102 is connected to the environmental sensor 101, and is configured to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the environmental analog signal to obtain an environmental digital signal.
The analog-to-digital conversion module 102 (ADC), as a key component connected to the environmental sensor 101, is responsible for accurately converting the continuous analog signal detected by the sensor into a discrete digital signal. This process involves sampling, quantizing, and encoding the analog signal to generate corresponding digital values, which can then be used for digital processing and analysis. Through analog-to-digital conversion, the system can convert the slight change of the analog signal into a format which can be processed by digital electronic equipment, thereby realizing further transmission, storage and analysis of data and providing an accurate digital basis for the application of the Internet of things.
The host wireless communication module 103 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module 102 for transmitting the environmental digital signal.
The host wireless communication module 103 is used as a key transmission component in the system, is closely connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module 102, and is responsible for transmitting the converted digital signal in a wireless manner. The wireless communication technology, such as LoRa (Long Range Radio), wi-Fi or cellular network, is adopted to ensure that signals can be stably and efficiently transmitted to the remote receiving equipment without physical connection, thereby realizing remote data communication and monitoring.
The slave wireless communication module 201 is communicatively connected to the master wireless communication module 103 for receiving the ambient digital signal.
The slave wireless communication module 201 is disposed at one end where data needs to be received, and establishes communication connection with the master wireless communication module 103, and its main task is to accurately receive the environmental digital signal transmitted by the master end. The module has high-efficiency signal receiving capability and strong anti-interference performance, can ensure that data sent by a host end can be stably received under various environmental conditions, and provides reliable information sources for subsequent data processing and decision making.
The digital-to-analog conversion module 202 is connected with the slave wireless communication module 201, and is used for performing digital-to-analog conversion processing on the environmental digital signal to obtain an environmental reduction analog signal.
The digital-to-analog conversion module 202 (DAC) is connected to the slave wireless communication module 201, and performs the task of converting the received environmental digital signal back to its original analog form. This conversion process is the inverse of the analog-to-digital conversion and involves converting the digital values back into a continuous voltage or current signal, resulting in an analog signal that matches the original environmental parameters. The accuracy of the digital-to-analog conversion module 202 is critical to maintaining the integrity and accuracy of the signal, ensuring that the analog signal can truly reflect the environmental state for use by subsequent control devices or monitoring systems, and achieving accurate control and feedback of environmental conditions.
The interface module 203 is connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module 202 and the environment simulation device of the test area, and is used for transmitting the environment reduction analog quantity signal to the environment simulation device.
The interface module 203 is used as an important component of the system and is responsible for accurately transmitting the environmental reduction analog signal output by the digital-to-analog conversion module 202 to environmental simulation equipment in the test area. The environment simulation device is used as a bridge for connecting the digital processing world and the simulation device, ensures the integrity and stability of signals in the transmission process, and enables the environment simulation device to accurately simulate the environment condition of a target area according to the received simulation signals, thereby providing required environment conditions for industrial production, scientific research test or other application scenes. Through such accurate signal transmission and simulation, the interface module 203 enables the overall system to achieve efficient control and reproduction of complex environmental conditions.
In this embodiment, the environmental reduction analog signal is used to match the environmental condition of the environmental simulation device control test area with the target area.
The environmental reduction analog quantity signal is obtained after digital-to-analog conversion processing and is used for guiding the environmental simulation equipment to accurately adjust environmental parameters of the test area, such as temperature, humidity, illumination and the like, so that the environmental parameters are duplicated or approximate to the environmental conditions of the target area as much as possible. The application of the signal ensures that the test area can simulate and restore the similar environmental condition as the target area, and is important to the fields of product test, environmental science research or agricultural experiments and the like.
The analog signal transmission system of the embodiment is based on the internet of things technology, acquires analog signals through the environment sensor 101, converts the analog signals into digital signals through the analog-to-digital conversion module 102, transmits the digital signals through the wireless communication technology, and finally restores the digital signals to analog signals through the digital-to-analog conversion module 202, so that remote high-precision signal acquisition and analysis are realized. The interface module 203 transmits the restored analog quantity signal to the environmental simulation device, so that the environmental condition of the test area can accurately simulate the target area, thereby providing reliable environmental monitoring and control for industrial production and ensuring smooth operation. Therefore, the embodiment not only reduces wiring requirements through wireless transmission and reduces the cost of system deployment and maintenance, but also enables the environmental conditions of the test area and the target area to be consistent through collecting and restoring the environmental analog quantity signals, so that the influence of environmental information on the test operation can be intuitively and accurately understood and controlled.
The embodiment has the nondestructive reduction of analog signals and real-time environment simulation capability, can highly unify the environment of a test area with the target environment of practical application, is favorable for intuitively and accurately grasping the influence of environment information on test operation, improves the controllability, reliability and operation efficiency of the environment of the test area, and ensures that test or other operation activities can be smoothly, efficiently and accurately performed in complex and changeable environments.
The application of the transmission system of the embodiment can be widely applied to a plurality of fields such as industrial automation, environmental monitoring, scientific research experiments and the like, and the innovation and development of related technologies are promoted.
The technical scheme of the embodiment is described below with reference to a specific application scenario example:
In the field of environmental science research, especially in the study of ecology and climate, accurate simulation of natural environments is critical for understanding biological reactions and climate patterns.
In one experimental scenario, researchers need to accurately simulate outdoor forest environments in an indoor laboratory (test area) to study the adaptability of specific plants to temperature and humidity changes. In outdoor forests (target areas), a series of environmental sensors 101 are deployed, which are responsible for acquiring in real time critical environmental analog signals such as temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, soil humidity, etc. These analog signals are then converted to ambient digital signals by analog to digital conversion module 102 and sent to the receiving device in the laboratory via host wireless communication module 103.
In the laboratory (test area), the slave wireless communication module 201 receives the environmental digital signals collected from the outside and transmits them to the digital-to-analog conversion module 202, and the digital-to-analog conversion module 202 is responsible for converting the environmental digital signals into environmental restoration analog signals. These environmental restoration analog signals are transmitted to indoor environmental simulation devices, such as a precision thermostat, a humidity regulator and an artificial lighting system, through the interface module 203 to accurately simulate the microclimate change of the outdoor forest.
In this way, the environmental conditions in the laboratory can be precisely adjusted to match the real-time environmental conditions of the outdoor forest, thereby providing a growing environment for the plants that is nearly identical to the natural environment.
The application of the analog signal transmission system not only improves the accuracy and reliability of the experiment, but also provides a controllable experiment platform for researchers, so that the researchers can perform environment simulation experiments at any time and any place. In addition, the system reduces wiring requirements through wireless communication technology, and improves flexibility and expandability of the system. By this technique, researchers can understand plant responses to environmental changes more deeply, providing valuable data and insight into biological protection and biodiversity research.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the master wireless communication module 103 includes a first master wireless communication module 1031 and a second master wireless communication module 1032, the slave wireless communication module 201 includes a first slave wireless communication module 2011 and a second slave wireless communication module 2012, the first master wireless communication module 1031 and the first slave wireless communication module 2011 are connected through a first wireless communication network, or the second master wireless communication module 1032 and the second slave wireless communication module 2012 are connected through a second wireless communication network, and communication standards of the first wireless communication network and the second wireless communication network are different from each other.
The host wireless communication module 103 of the present embodiment adopts a two-module redundancy design, including a first host wireless communication module 1031 and a second host wireless communication module 1032, so as to enhance reliability and flexibility of communication. Similarly, the slave wireless communication module 201 also includes a first slave wireless communication module 2011 and a second slave wireless communication module 2012, which are respectively paired with the corresponding master modules.
Specifically, the first master wireless communication module 1031 and the first slave wireless communication module 2011 may each employ a LoRa module, and the second master wireless communication module 1032 and the second slave wireless communication module 2012 may each employ a 4G Cat-1 wireless cellular communication module.
Such a design allows the system to choose between a first wireless communication network (e.g., using LoRa technology) and a second wireless communication network (e.g., using cellular network technology, including 4G, 5G, etc.), dynamically switching according to the actual communication environment and requirements. The first wireless communication network and the second wireless communication network adopt different communication standards, so that the system can be seamlessly switched to one network when the other network has a problem or does not meet specific requirements, and the continuity and stability of data transmission are ensured. The multi-network and multi-standard communication strategy remarkably improves the adaptability and the robustness of the system, so that the system can cope with various complex communication challenges.
In some embodiments, the system further includes a host control processing module 104, where the host control processing module 104 is connected between the analog-to-digital conversion module 102 and the host wireless communication module 103, and when the communication quality of the first wireless communication network is lower than a preset communication quality standard, the host control processing module 104 is configured to transmit the environmental digital signal to the second host wireless communication module 1032, and the second host wireless communication module 1032 is configured to transmit the environmental digital signal to the second slave wireless communication module 2012 via the second wireless communication network.
The host control processing module 104 plays a role of an intelligent decision maker, and is located between the analog-to-digital conversion module 102 and the host wireless communication module 103, and is responsible for monitoring the communication quality of the first wireless communication network in real time. Upon detecting a decrease in communication quality below a predetermined level, such as a weak signal, a large interference, or an increased data packet loss rate, the host control processing module 104 automatically switches the ambient digital signal to the second host wireless communication module 1032. The second master wireless communication module 1032 then uses the second wireless communication network to stably transmit signals to the second slave wireless communication module 2012 using different communication standards or frequency bands, ensuring reliable transmission and reception of the environmental digital signals.
The intelligent switching mechanism remarkably improves the adaptability and robustness of the system in the face of complex and changeable communication environments, ensures the real-time performance and accuracy of key environment data, and is of great importance to maintaining the continuity and stability of industrial production and environment monitoring.
In a field environmental monitoring project, such as monitoring the ecology of a distant forest, for example, the host control processing module 104 is responsible for processing the analog signals from the environmental sensor 101. When the digital signals transmitted by the sensors through the analog-to-digital conversion module 102 encounter signal attenuation or interference from natural terrain in a first wireless communication network (e.g., a LoRa network), the host control processing module 104 detects degradation in communication quality.
Once the communication quality is below the preset threshold, the host control processing module 104 will immediately initiate the intelligent switching mechanism, transferring the digital signaling task to the second host wireless communication module 1032. This second host wireless communication module 1032 may be configured to use more stable satellite communications or a more interference-resistant 4G network to ensure reliable transmission of forest environment data to the monitoring center. This intelligent switching ensures that critical environmental monitoring data can be received and analyzed without error even under harsh field conditions.
In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 may use a high-performance MCU (Microcontroller Unit, micro control unit) singlechip as a core processing unit, where the MCU singlechip has a powerful data processing capability and a flexible control function, is responsible for receiving and processing the environmental digital signal from the analog-to-digital conversion module 102 in real time, and intelligently decides whether to switch to the second host wireless communication module 1032 for signal transmission according to the quality status of the first wireless communication network, so as to ensure that the whole system can operate stably and reliably in various communication environments.
In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 is further configured to obtain a communication quality parameter of the first wireless communication network, determine a communication quality evaluation result of the first wireless communication network according to the communication quality parameter and the communication quality standard, and determine whether to send the environmental digital signal through the first wireless communication network according to the communication quality evaluation result.
Specifically, the host control processing module 104 actively monitors the performance of the first wireless communication network through a built-in diagnostic tool and a communication protocol, and obtains key communication quality parameters, such as signal strength, bit error rate, and packet loss rate, in real time.
The host control processing module 104 queries for a real-time signal strength indicator, such as a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), through close integration with the wireless communication module, using an Application Programming Interface (API) provided by the wireless module, or executing specific diagnostic commands. At the same time, the module performs an error detection algorithm, such as Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), to check the received packet to identify and calculate the error bits that may occur during transmission, and thus to derive the bit error rate. In addition, the host control processing module 104 further deploys a packet sending and acknowledgement mechanism, and monitors and records the packet loss by tracking the difference between the sent packet and the Acknowledgement (ACK) actually received, thereby calculating the packet loss rate. These integrated monitoring means enable the host control processing module 104 to accurately evaluate the communication quality of the wireless network, providing reliable data support for system decisions.
And then, analyzing and comparing the communication quality parameters with preset communication quality standards, and obtaining a communication quality evaluation result of the first wireless communication network according to the comparison result.
The host control processing module 104 then takes corresponding action based on the communication quality assessment results. If the evaluation result indicates that the communication quality of the current network meets the preset quality standard, that is, the signal strength is stable, the error rate is low, and the packet loss rate is within the acceptable range, the host control processing module 104 determines to send the environmental digital signal through the first wireless communication network. In contrast, if the communication quality evaluation result shows that the communication quality does not reach the standard, a preset switching mechanism is started, and a second wireless communication network or other standby network paths are automatically selected to transmit data, so that the reliability and timeliness of data transmission are ensured, and information loss or error caused by the communication quality problem is avoided.
The intelligent decision process enhances the robustness of the system, ensures the effective transmission of critical environmental data, and can maintain the efficient operation of the system even under unstable communication conditions.
In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 is further configured to obtain an environmental information change condition of the target area, and control the signal acquisition frequency of the environmental sensor 101 according to the environmental information change condition.
The environmental information change condition may include a change trend and a change rate of environmental parameters (such as temperature, humidity, illumination, etc.). The host control processing module 104 can analyze the environmental information change situation by analyzing the data received from the environmental sensor 101. Based on these analysis results, the host control processing module 104 dynamically adjusts the signal acquisition frequency of the environmental sensor 101 to optimize the efficiency and quality of data collection. For example, when the environment is changing drastically, the acquisition frequency is increased to capture finer changes, while when the environment is stable, the acquisition frequency is decreased to save energy and system resources. The intelligent regulation mechanism enables the system to respond to different monitoring requirements more flexibly and efficiently, and meanwhile, accuracy and instantaneity of data are ensured.
In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 may also dynamically adjust the environmental sensor 101 acquisition frequency based on the energy consumption of the environmental sensor 101 and the data value of each environmental parameter.
The host control processing module 104 determines the optimal acquisition frequency for each sensor based on the amount of energy the environmental sensor 101 consumes in acquiring data, and the relative importance of the acquired data. For those environmental sensors 101 that consume less energy but provide critical data, the host control processing module 104 may increase its acquisition frequency to ensure data continuity and accuracy, whereas for those environmental sensors 101 that consume more energy but have relatively lower data value, the acquisition frequency may be decreased to reduce energy consumption and extend the sensor's lifetime. This strategy aims to optimize the energy efficiency of the overall system while ensuring the availability of critical data and the overall performance of the system.
The influence degree of each environmental parameter on the test result can be determined based on the test operation, and the importance of the individual data is further determined. This process involves a sensitivity analysis of the test results as different environmental parameters change to quantify the specific contribution of each parameter to the final test performance. Based on the analysis results, the importance of each environmental parameter can be ranked, so that basis is provided for dynamically adjusting the data acquisition frequency and the resource allocation.
For example, when the automotive industry is conducting durability tests on new vehicles, it may be necessary to monitor various environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, vibration, salt spray, etc., to evaluate their effects on vehicle paint corrosion and material aging. By designing a series of accelerated aging tests, the tester can vary these environmental parameters while monitoring the performance changes of the vehicle paint and materials. By statistical analysis, such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) or regression analysis, it can be determined which parameters have a significant impact on the degradation of material properties. If analysis shows that temperature and humidity are the primary factors affecting paint corrosion, in actual testing, the system will increase the frequency of acquisition of the temperature and humidity sensors to more closely monitor the changes in these key parameters, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. The method can concentrate the testing resources on the most critical environmental factors, and improves the testing efficiency and the data correlation.
In some embodiments, to dynamically adjust the acquisition frequency according to the energy consumption of the environmental sensor 101 and the data value of each environmental parameter, the host control processing module 104 may be implemented by the following algorithm:
1. defining parameters:
P i the energy consumption (e.g., expressed in terms of energy consumption rate) of the ith environmental sensor 101.
V j data value score for the jth environmental parameter.
F j (t) rate of change of the jth environmental parameter at time t.
T j the current acquisition frequency of the jth environmental parameter.
2. Initializing:
An initial energy consumption and data value score is set for each environmental sensor 101 and environmental parameter, and an initial acquisition frequency is determined.
3. Dynamic adjustment algorithm:
3.1 For each environmental parameter j, calculate a dynamic score V j (t) of its data value:
Vj(t)＝Vj×α×Fj(t);
Where α is an adjustment coefficient for adjusting its data value according to the rate of change of the environmental parameter.
3.2 Calculating a weighted score W based on the data value and the sensor energy consumption:
Where e is a small constant that acts to prevent the denominator from being zero.
3.2 Adjusting the acquisition frequency T j (T) according to the weighted score:
Tj(t+1)＝Tj(t)×(1+β×(Wj(t)-1));
where β is an adjustment rate coefficient for controlling the adjustment rate of the acquisition frequency.
4. Updating and iterating:
V j (T) and T j (T) are updated at each time period based on the latest environmental data and energy consumption data. Step 3 is repeated until the system is shut down or the conditions change.
In the embodiment, the algorithm optimizes the efficiency of data collection and the energy consumption by dynamically adjusting the collection frequency. By taking into account the rate of change of the environmental parameters, the algorithm can increase the acquisition frequency for rapidly changing environmental parameters and decrease the acquisition frequency for stable parameters. The adjustment coefficients alpha and beta in the algorithm can be adjusted according to actual application scenes so as to adapt to different performance requirements.
The algorithm provides a flexible and efficient method for dynamically adjusting the acquisition frequency based on the energy consumption and data value of the environmental sensor 101, thereby optimizing energy usage and system performance while guaranteeing data quality.
In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 is further configured to encrypt the environmental digital signal, to obtain an encrypted environmental digital signal.
Specifically, the host control processing module 104 encrypts the environmental digital signal using an advanced encryption algorithm before sending it. This process involves encoding the data using a key to ensure that only the receiver that has the correct key can decrypt and access the original data. The modules may employ a symmetric encryption algorithm (e.g., AES) or an asymmetric encryption algorithm (e.g., RSA), depending on the security requirements and resource constraints of the system. The encryption processing not only protects the data in transmission from unauthorized access and tampering, but also enhances the data security of the whole Internet of things system. After encryption is completed, the obtained encrypted environment digital signal is safely transmitted to the appointed receiving equipment through the wireless communication module, so that confidentiality of sensitive information and integrity of a system are ensured.
In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 is further configured to perform filtering processing on the environmental digital signal, to obtain a filtered environmental digital signal.
The host control processing module 104 has a digital signal processing function, and filters the environmental digital signal by using a specific algorithm to eliminate noise and interference and improve the accuracy and reliability of the signal. This process involves the application of digital filtering techniques such as low pass filters, high pass filters or band pass filters to remove unwanted frequency components from the signal depending on the requirements and environmental characteristics of the system. After the filtering treatment, the obtained environment digital signal after the filtering treatment is more stable and is closer to the real environment state, and higher-quality data support is provided for subsequent data analysis and decision.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the system further includes a relay module 301, where the relay module 301 is connected between the first master wireless communication module 1031 and the first slave wireless communication module 2011, and the relay module 301 is configured to enhance the environmental digital signal and then transmit the enhanced environmental digital signal to the first slave wireless communication module 2011.
In the present embodiment, in order to enhance the transmission effect of the signal and expand the communication coverage, a relay module 301 is specifically designed, which is disposed on the communication path between the first master wireless communication module 1031 and the first slave wireless communication module 2011. The function of the relay module 301 is to receive, enhance and retransmit the environmental digital signal sent by the master wireless communication module 103, so as to ensure that the signal can maintain its strength and quality through the amplification of the relay module 301 even when encountering the attenuation or interference of an obstacle during the transmission process, thereby effectively transmitting to the first slave wireless communication module 2011. The relay mechanism remarkably improves the reliability of communication, is particularly suitable for application scenes with complex geographic environments or long communication distances, and ensures that the whole system can stably operate in various environments.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-3, the system further comprises a slave control processing module 204, wherein the slave control processing module 204 is connected between the slave wireless communication module 201 and the digital-to-analog conversion module 202, and is used for controlling the transmission of the environmental digital signal.
In this embodiment, the slave control processing module 204 plays a key intermediary role, which is located on the transmission link between the slave wireless communication module 201 and the digital-to-analog conversion module 202. This module is responsible for the necessary processing and control of the received ambient digital signal including, but not limited to, decoding, verification of the signal, and further optimization and adjustment of the signal when needed.
In addition, the slave control processing module 204 is also responsible for managing and coordinating the transmission process of signals, so that the data can be accurately transferred to the digital-to-analog conversion module 202 after being received by the slave wireless communication module 201, and finally converted into analog signals for controlling the environmental conditions of the test area. By such fine control, the slave control processing module 204 improves the efficiency and accuracy of data transmission, and ensures the accuracy and response speed of the whole system to environmental simulation.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the system further includes an analog-to-digital sampling module 205, which is respectively connected to the interface module 203 and the slave control processing module 204, where the analog-to-digital sampling module 205 is configured to obtain an analog sampling signal at the interface module 203 and convert the analog sampling signal into a digital sampling signal, and the slave control processing module 204 is further configured to perform compensation processing on the environmental recovery analog signal according to the digital sampling signal and the environmental digital signal.
Wherein the analog-to-digital sampling module 205 is responsible for capturing and digitizing the analog sampled signal at the interface module 203 in real time. The analog-to-digital sampling module 205 converts the continuous analog sampled signal to a discrete digital sampled signal through a high precision analog-to-digital conversion process, thereby facilitating further processing and analysis by the digital system. The converted digital sample signal is then transmitted to the slave control processing module 204.
The slave control processing module 204, upon receiving the digital sampled signal, compares it with the original ambient digital signal to identify differences therebetween. Using a preset data processing algorithm, the slave control processing module 204 can accurately calculate the necessary compensation values that reflect the amount of adjustment required from the original environment to the test environment. The module then applies these compensation values to the environmental restoration analog signal, by adjusting the amplitude, phase or other relevant parameters of the signal, ensures that the final output environmental restoration analog signal remains substantially identical to the environmental analog signal acquired by the environmental sensor 101, and is capable of accurately restoring and reproducing the target environmental condition.
The compensation processing not only improves the accuracy of the analog signals, but also enhances the adaptability and control precision of the system to different environmental conditions, so that the environmental conditions of the test area can simulate the target area more truly, and reliable environmental conditions are provided for various tests and researches.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the analog signal transmission system may be divided into a master portion 100 and a slave portion 200. The host portion 100 includes an environmental sensor 101, an analog-to-digital conversion module 102, a host control processing module 104, and a host wireless communication module 103. The slave portion 200 includes a slave wireless communication module 201, a slave control processing module 204, a digital-to-analog conversion module 202, an interface module 203, and an analog-to-digital sampling module 205. The master portion 100 and the slave portion 200 are connected by a relay module 301.
Because the environmental sensor 101 of the host portion 100 is collected in near real time, the collected data is very accurate. The collected data is transmitted through wireless data transmission, because the data transmission between the host portion 100 and the slave portion 200 is performed through the wireless module (the host wireless communication module 103 and the slave wireless communication module 201), the data is transmitted through the data packet formed after encryption and verification, and the data receiving portion decrypts and verifies the received data packet.
In addition, if the situation of data packet loss happens, the system can start a retransmission mechanism to ensure the correctness of the data, so that the acquired data and the restored data are very accurate.
The slave machine part 200 restores the analog quantity, and because standard analog quantity data (environment analog quantity data) to be restored are already known, reverse digital compensation can be performed in real time if the feedback acquisition part finds that the data generates deviation, so that the restored data can reach very high precision, and the environment conditions of the test area and the target area are ensured to be basically consistent.
In complex industrial or scientific environments, multiple analog signal transmission systems may be deployed, each equipped with unique identity ID information. This design allows multiple sets of devices to operate in parallel on the same site, while each maintains its independence, with their own ID for identification and data transmission over wireless communications. The measures ensure the accuracy of data transmission and the stability of the system, avoid data crosstalk among different devices, and even in the occasion of complex electromagnetic environment or dense devices, each set of system can keep a high-efficiency working state, and independently collect and process respective environmental data without mutual interference. And each set of equipment can independently work without mutual crosstalk by matching with data encryption.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments may be modified or equivalents may be substituted for some of the features thereof, and that the modifications or substitutions do not depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Analog quantity signal transmission system based on thing networking, characterized by comprising:
The environment sensor is used for collecting environment analog quantity signals of the target area;
the analog-to-digital conversion module is connected with the environment sensor and is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the environment analog quantity signal to obtain an environment digital signal;
the host wireless communication module is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module and is used for transmitting the environment digital signals;
The slave wireless communication module is in communication connection with the host wireless communication module and is used for receiving the environment digital signal;
The digital-to-analog conversion module is connected with the slave wireless communication module and is used for carrying out digital-to-analog conversion processing on the environment digital signal to obtain an environment reduction analog signal;
The interface module is connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module and the environment simulation equipment of the test area and is used for transmitting the environment reduction analog quantity signal to the environment simulation equipment;
The environment reduction analog signal is used for enabling the environment simulation equipment to control the environment condition of the test area to be matched with the target area.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the host wireless communication module comprises a first host wireless communication module and a second host wireless communication module, the slave wireless communication module comprises a first slave wireless communication module and a second slave wireless communication module, the first host wireless communication module and the first slave wireless communication module are connected through a first wireless communication network, or the second host wireless communication module and the second slave wireless communication module are connected through a second wireless communication network, and the communication standard of the first wireless communication network and the communication standard of the second wireless communication network are different.
3. The system of claim 2, further comprising a host control processing module coupled between the analog-to-digital conversion module and the host wireless communication module, the host control processing module configured to transmit the ambient digital signal to the second host wireless communication module when the communication quality of the first wireless communication network is below a preset communication quality standard, the second host wireless communication module configured to transmit the ambient digital signal to the second slave wireless communication module via the second wireless communication network.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the host control processing module is further configured to obtain a communication quality parameter of the first wireless communication network, determine a communication quality evaluation result of the first wireless communication network based on the communication quality parameter and the communication quality standard, and determine whether to transmit the environmental digital signal through the first wireless communication network based on the communication quality evaluation result.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein the host control processing module is further configured to obtain an environmental information change condition of the target area, and control a signal acquisition frequency of the environmental sensor according to the environmental information change condition.
6. The system of claim 3, wherein the host control processing module is further configured to encrypt the environmental digital signal to obtain an encrypted environmental digital signal.
7. The system of claim 3, wherein the host control processing module is further configured to filter the environmental digital signal to obtain a filtered environmental digital signal.
8. The system of claim 2, further comprising a relay module coupled between the first master wireless communication module and the first slave wireless communication module, the relay module configured to enhance the environmental digital signal before transmitting to the first slave wireless communication module.
9. The system of any of claims 1-8, further comprising a slave control processing module coupled between the slave wireless communication module and the digital to analog conversion module for controlling the transmission of the ambient digital signal.
10. The system of claim 9, further comprising an analog-to-digital sampling module, respectively coupled to the interface module and the slave control processing module, the analog-to-digital sampling module configured to obtain an analog sampling signal at the interface module and convert the analog sampling signal to a digital sampling signal, and the slave control processing module is further configured to perform compensation processing on the environmental reduction analog signal according to the digital sampling signal and the environmental digital signal.
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