CN119353212A - A seawater pump for buoyancy regulation of deep-sea submersibles and its working process - Google Patents
A seawater pump for buoyancy regulation of deep-sea submersibles and its working process Download PDFInfo
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- CN119353212A CN119353212A CN202411509671.0A CN202411509671A CN119353212A CN 119353212 A CN119353212 A CN 119353212A CN 202411509671 A CN202411509671 A CN 202411509671A CN 119353212 A CN119353212 A CN 119353212A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/02—Packing the free space between cylinders and pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/08—Cooling; Heating; Preventing freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/18—Lubricating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于大深度潜水器浮力调节的海水泵及工作过程，包括泵头，开有一号阶梯孔、二号阶梯孔和三号阶梯孔，一号阶梯孔端部正交贯通有进水口和出水口，进水口和出水口分别和相应配流阀相连；泵头的端部配合安装有壳体，壳体与泵头连接处的内部安装有组合柱塞，组合柱塞的一端铰接连杆和曲柄；位于二号阶梯孔处安装有高压水封，高压水封的内圈与陶瓷柱塞外圈配合，三号阶梯孔与壳体处同时安装有连接环，连接环通过铜制环和钢制环组成，钢制环通过密封圈与壳体密封，钢制环的内部配合安装有油水隔离密封和铜制环，钢制环的端面安装有与壳体配合的挡片；可以工作于大深度载人潜水器浮力调节工况，满足使用要求。
A seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a deep-sea submersible and a working process thereof, comprising a pump head, a No. 1 stepped hole, a No. 2 stepped hole and a No. 3 stepped hole, a water inlet and a water outlet orthogonally passing through the end of the No. 1 stepped hole, the water inlet and the water outlet being respectively connected to corresponding distribution valves; a shell is mounted on the end of the pump head, a combined plunger is mounted inside the connection between the shell and the pump head, one end of the combined plunger is hinged to a connecting rod and a crank; a high-pressure water seal is mounted at the No. 2 stepped hole, the inner ring of the high-pressure water seal is matched with the outer ring of the ceramic plunger, a connecting ring is mounted at the No. 3 stepped hole and the shell at the same time, the connecting ring is composed of a copper ring and a steel ring, the steel ring is sealed with the shell through a sealing ring, an oil-water isolation seal and a copper ring are mounted inside the steel ring, and a baffle matching the shell is mounted on the end face of the steel ring; the pump head can work in the buoyancy adjustment working condition of a deep-sea manned submersible and meet the use requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sea water pumps for diving, in particular to a sea water pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large-depth diving device and a working process.
Background
The submersible is an important device for performing efficient exploration, scientific investigation, development operation, military detection and combat platform. The weight of the diving device after sampling is increased or the weight of the diving device after releasing other equipment is reduced, the density of the seawater is changed due to the characteristics (pressure and temperature) of the water medium, or the pressure-resistant structure of the diving device is elastically deformed with the increase of the diving depth to change the volume of the water to be discharged, and the balance of gravity and buoyancy is often broken due to the factors. Thus, to ensure a relatively stable operational attitude of the submersible at depth, buoyancy adjustments are required.
The typical submersible buoyancy regulating system consists of a seawater pump, a relevant valve and a pressure-resistant water tank, wherein the seawater pump injects the seawater outside the pressure-resistant water tank to realize weight gain of the submersible, and discharges the seawater inside the pressure-resistant water tank outside the pressure-resistant water tank to realize weight loss of the submersible, so that the net buoyancy is regulated. The adjusting method is applied to the large-depth manned submersible mainly in the world due to the outstanding advantages.
The typical buoyancy regulating system is characterized in that the plunger stress working condition is remarkably different from that of a traditional water pump, and specifically, taking fig. 12 as an example, a water cavity is taken as a cavity for sucking seawater and compressing discharged water by the plunger, a slight vacuum working condition (the working condition exists when the buoyancy regulating system discharges seawater in a pressure-resistant water tank) exists in the water cavity during a water sucking stroke, rated working pressure exists in the water cavity during the seawater discharging, the plunger always bears the seawater environmental pressure at the part outside the water cavity, therefore, the plunger bears the seawater pressure during the plunger water sucking stroke, the plunger bears the rated pressure and the seawater pressure during the plunger water discharging stroke, and the plunger bears alternating heavy load for the large-depth submersible buoyancy regulating water pump. For the traditional seawater pump, when the design is carried out, the return force of the plunger is smaller during return stroke, and the pressure of seawater on the plunger is insufficient to overcome the suction stroke.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large-depth manned submersible and a working process thereof, aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the seawater pump can work under the buoyancy adjustment working condition of the large-depth manned submersible to meet the use requirement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The sea water pump for buoyancy adjustment of the large-depth submersible comprises a pump head, wherein three concentric stepped holes are formed in the pump head, namely a first stepped hole, a second stepped hole and a third stepped hole, the end part of the first stepped hole is orthogonally communicated with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively connected with corresponding flow distribution valves;
The combined plunger has the structure that the combined plunger comprises a ceramic plunger, wherein a steel plunger is arranged at the end part of the ceramic plunger through an oil poking sheet, the outer ring of the steel plunger is matched with a platform of a shell through a cylinder body lining, a connecting bolt is arranged at the middle part of the ceramic plunger and extends into the steel plunger, and the end part of the connecting bolt is tightly connected with the ceramic plunger through an O-shaped ring;
the high-pressure water seal is arranged at the second stepped hole, the inner ring of the high-pressure water seal is matched with the outer ring of the ceramic plunger, the third stepped hole is simultaneously provided with a connecting ring with the shell, the connecting ring is composed of a copper ring and a steel ring, the steel ring is sealed with the shell through a sealing ring, the oil-water separation seal and the copper ring are arranged in the steel ring in a matched manner, and a baffle matched with the shell is arranged on the end face of the steel ring;
The cavity formed between the inside of the pump head and the end face of the combined plunger is a W cavity, the cavity formed between the combined plunger and the outside of the cylinder liner and between the combined plunger and the inner cavity of the shell is an O cavity, and the cavity formed among the combined plunger, the connecting ring, the shell and the inner end face of the cylinder liner is an A cavity.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
The steel plunger has the structure that the steel plunger comprises a first plunger body, wherein one end of the first plunger body is provided with a first step surface and a second step surface, the middle part of the first plunger body is provided with a threaded hole and a blind hole, and the first plunger body is also provided with a pin shaft hole.
The first plunger body is of a stepped shaft structure.
The oil poking sheet adopts a circular ring structure, and grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the oil poking sheet.
The ceramic plunger has the structure that the ceramic plunger comprises a second plunger body, wherein the second plunger body is of a cylindrical structure, and a fourth stepped hole and a fifth stepped hole are formed in the middle of the second plunger body.
The connecting bolt has the structure that the connecting bolt comprises a hexagon head, a cylindrical section and a threaded section, wherein the end face of the hexagon head is provided with a sealing face and a sealing groove, and the threaded section is provided with a right-angle hole.
The cylinder body lining is provided with a flange.
The copper ring is of a circular ring structure, copper ring grooves and copper ring holes are uniformly distributed on the ring in the circumferential direction, the copper ring grooves penetrate through an inner circle and an outer circle, the copper ring holes penetrate through two end faces, the outer part of the steel ring is of a stepped structure and is provided with a big circle and a small circle, the big circle is provided with a radial seal groove, and the inner part of the steel ring is sequentially provided with a small inner circle of the steel ring, a seal groove of the steel ring and a large inner circle of the steel ring.
The pump head is provided with a small hole leading to seawater.
A process for operating a seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large depth submersible, comprising the steps of:
the driving crank rotates, and the connecting rod drives the combined plunger to reciprocate;
During the water draining process, the W cavity is compressed, the seawater is drained through the water outlet, during the water sucking process, the W cavity is evacuated, and the seawater is sucked through the water inlet;
In the reciprocating process, the outer sides of the W cavity and the O-shaped ring are in an alternating state between micro vacuum and rated pressure;
the O-ring is thus in an alternating state subjected to internal and external pressure;
In the process, the A cavity compensation oil is stirred by the oil stirring sheet, enters into the other side of the copper ring and one side of the oil-water isolation seal through the copper ring hole, is favorable for lubricating and radiating between the ceramic plunger and the copper ring and between the ceramic plunger and the oil-water isolation seal, and can promote lubricating oil flowing and radiating between the steel plunger and the inner circle of the cylinder liner.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The buoyancy adjusting system is compact and reasonable in structure and convenient to operate, can conveniently realize the work of the buoyancy adjusting system in the large-depth manned submersible through the mutual cooperation of the components, meets the use requirement, and is good in working reliability.
The invention adopts a crankshaft type radial pump structure, can bear alternating heavy load on the plunger, adopts a ceramic+steel combined plunger, adopts a ceramic part for sucking and discharging seawater, can resist seawater corrosion and cavitation, adopts a steel part for bearing lateral load, can ensure that the load is at a lower level through reasonable design so as to ensure that the plunger has higher service life, improves the stress condition of a sealing element through reasonable processing technology of a sealing element supporting structure, and can improve the service life of the sealing element so as to ensure that the whole seawater pump has higher reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a plunger assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the steel plunger of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an oil deflector according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a ceramic plunger according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the connecting bolt of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder liner of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a copper ring according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a top view of the copper ring of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the steel ring of the present invention.
FIG. 10 shows a crankshaft of the present invention the connecting rod part is schematically shown.
Fig. 11 is a force diagram of a plunger of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the force applied by a plunger of a seawater pump for classical buoyancy adjustment of a submersible.
Wherein, 1, a pump head, 2, a shell, 3, a combined plunger, 4, a cylinder liner, 5, a baffle, 6, a connecting ring, 7, oil-water isolation sealing, 8, a high-pressure water seal, 9, a connecting rod, 10 and a crank;
101. Step holes I, step holes II, step holes 103, step holes III, step holes 104 and small holes;
201. platform, step holes 202, step holes 203, step holes eight, step holes 204, via holes;
301. The oil-pulling device comprises a steel plunger, 302, an oil-pulling sheet, 303, a ceramic plunger, 304, a connecting bolt, 305 and an O-ring;
3011. plunger body, 3012, step surface, 3013, step surface, 3014, blind hole, 3015, pin shaft hole;
3021. A groove;
3031. plunger body No. two, 3032, no. four stepped holes, 3033, no. five stepped holes;
3041. A hex head, 3042, a cylindrical section, 3043, a threaded section, 3044, a right angle hole;
30411. 30112 sealing face, sealing groove;
401. A flange;
601. 602, steel ring;
6011. an outer circle, 6012, an inner circle, 6013, a copper ring groove, 6014, a copper ring hole and 6015, a copper ring groove-free end face;
6021. Big circle, 6022, small circle, 6023, steel ring small inner circle, 6024, steel ring seal groove, 6025, steel ring big inner circle, 6026, steel ring big round end face.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-12, the seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of the large-depth submersible comprises a pump head 1, wherein three concentric stepped holes, namely a first stepped hole 101, a second stepped hole 102 and a third stepped hole 103, are arranged in the pump head 1, a water inlet and a water outlet are orthogonally penetrated through the end part of the first stepped hole 101, and are respectively connected with a corresponding flow distribution valve, a shell 2 is mounted at the end part of the pump head 1 in a matched manner, a combined plunger 3 is mounted in the joint of the shell 2 and the pump head 1, and one end of the combined plunger 3 is hinged with a connecting rod 9 and a crank 10;
The combined plunger 3 comprises a ceramic plunger 303, wherein a steel plunger 301 is arranged at the end part of the ceramic plunger 303 through an oil poking sheet 302, the outer ring of the steel plunger 301 is matched with a platform 201 of a shell 2 through a cylinder liner 4, a connecting bolt 304 is arranged in the middle of the ceramic plunger 303, the connecting bolt 304 stretches into the steel plunger 301, and the end part of the connecting bolt 304 is tightly connected with the ceramic plunger 303 through an O-shaped ring 305;
The high-pressure water seal 8 is arranged at the position of the second stepped hole 102, the inner ring of the high-pressure water seal 8 is matched with the outer ring of the ceramic plunger 303, the connecting ring 6 is simultaneously arranged at the position of the third stepped hole 103 and the shell 2, the connecting ring 6 is composed of a copper ring 601 and a steel ring 602, the steel ring 602 is sealed with the shell 2 through a sealing ring, the oil-water isolation seal 7 and the copper ring 601 are matched and arranged in the steel ring 602, and the end face of the steel ring 602 is provided with a baffle 5 matched with the shell 2;
the cavity formed between the inside of the pump head 1 and the end face of the combined plunger 3 is a W cavity, the cavity formed between the combined plunger 3 and the outside of the cylinder liner 4 and the cavity of the shell 2 is an O cavity, and the cavity formed between the combined plunger 3, the connecting ring 6, the shell 2 and the end face of the inside of the cylinder liner 4 is an A cavity.
The steel plunger 301 has a structure comprising a plunger body 3011, wherein one end of the plunger body 3011 is provided with a step surface 3012 and a step surface 3013, the middle part of the plunger body 3011 is provided with a threaded hole and a blind hole 3014, and the plunger body 3011 is also provided with a pin shaft hole 3015.
The first plunger body 3011 has a stepped shaft structure.
The oil deflector 302 adopts a circular ring structure, and grooves 3021 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the oil deflector 302.
The ceramic plunger 303 has a structure comprising a second plunger body 3031, wherein the second plunger body 3031 is in a cylindrical structure, and a fourth stepped hole 3032 and a fifth stepped hole 3033 are formed in the middle of the second plunger body 3031.
The connecting bolt 304 has a structure including a hexagonal head 3041, a cylindrical section 3042, and a threaded section 3043, wherein a sealing surface 3041 and a sealing groove 30112 are provided on an end surface of the hexagonal head 3041, and a right angle hole 3044 is provided on the threaded section 3043.
The cylinder liner 4 is provided with a flange 401.
The copper ring 601 is of a circular ring structure, copper ring grooves 6013 and copper ring holes 6014 are uniformly distributed on the ring in the circumferential direction, the copper ring grooves 6013 penetrate through an inner circle 6012 and an outer circle 6011, the copper ring holes 6014 penetrate through two end faces, the outer part of the steel ring 602 is of a stepped structure and is provided with a big circle 6021 and a small circle 6022, a radial seal groove is formed on the big circle 6021, and a steel ring small inner circle 6023, a steel ring seal groove 6024 and a steel ring large inner circle 6025 are sequentially arranged inside the steel ring 602.
The pump head 1 is provided with a small hole 104 leading to seawater.
The working process of the seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of the large-depth submersible in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the driving crank 10 rotates, and the connecting rod 9 drives the combined plunger 3 to reciprocate;
During the water draining process, the W cavity is compressed, the seawater is drained through the water outlet, during the water sucking process, the W cavity is evacuated, and the seawater is sucked through the water inlet;
during this reciprocation, the W cavity and the outside of O-ring 305 are in an alternating state between a slight vacuum and a nominal pressure;
the O-ring 305 is thus in an alternating state subjected to the internal pressure and the external pressure;
in the process, the A cavity compensation oil is stirred by the oil pulling sheet 302, enters the other side of the copper ring 601 and one side of the oil-water isolation seal 7 through the copper ring hole 6014, is beneficial to lubrication and heat dissipation between the ceramic plunger 303 and the copper ring 601 and between the ceramic plunger and the oil-water isolation seal 7, and can promote the flow and heat dissipation of lubricating oil between the steel plunger 301 and the inner circle of the cylinder liner 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the specific structure and function of the seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large-depth submersible according to the present invention are as follows:
the novel high-pressure oil-water separation pump mainly comprises a pump head 1, a shell 2, a combined plunger 3, a cylinder liner 4, a baffle 5, a connecting ring 6, an oil-water separation seal 7, a high-pressure water seal 8, a connecting rod 9 and a crank 10.
The invention does not limit the shape of the pump head 1, three-stage stepped holes, namely a first stepped hole 101, a second stepped hole 102 and a third stepped hole 103, are concentrically arranged in the pump head 1, and the end part of the first stepped hole 101 is orthogonally communicated with a water inlet and a water outlet and is respectively connected with a corresponding flow distribution valve.
The combined plunger 3 is formed by combining a steel plunger 301, an oil poking sheet 302, a ceramic plunger 303, a connecting bolt 304 and an O-shaped ring 305.
The steel plunger 301 is of a stepped shaft structure, a threaded hole and a blind hole 3014 are concentrically arranged at the center of the steel plunger, a pin shaft hole 3015 is arranged at the large end of the steel plunger, and the axis of the pin shaft hole 3015 is orthogonal to the axis of the plunger body 3011.
The oil deflector 302 has a circular ring structure, and grooves 3021 communicating with the inner hole are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the oil deflector.
The ceramic plunger 303 has a cylindrical structure, and is concentrically provided with a fourth stepped hole 3032 and a fifth stepped hole 3033.
The connecting bolt 304 is composed of a hexagonal head 3041, a cylindrical section 3042, and a threaded section 3043, wherein a seal groove 30112 is provided on an end face of the hexagonal head 3041, and a right-angle hole 3044 penetrating through an outer circumferential surface of the thread and the end face is provided on the threaded section 3043.
The assembly structure of the combined plunger 3 is characterized in that the threaded connection between the connecting bolt 304 and the steel plunger 301 needs to use high-strength thread compound to prevent the connecting bolt 304 from loosening under alternating load.
The machining characteristic of the combined plunger 3 is that after the components are fastened by using the connecting bolts 304, the first plunger body 3011 is finished by using the second plunger body 3031 which is clamped by a tool so as to ensure the coaxiality of the two.
The connecting ring 6 is composed of a steel ring 602 and a copper ring 601, the copper ring 601 is of a circular ring structure, copper ring grooves 6013 with copper grooves and copper ring holes 6014 with copper holes are uniformly distributed on the ring in the circumferential direction, the copper ring grooves 6013 with copper grooves penetrate through the inner circle and the outer circle, and the copper ring holes 6014 with copper holes penetrate through the two end faces.
The outer circle of the steel ring 602 is of a step structure, and comprises a big circle 6021 and a small circle 6022, a radial groove is formed in the big circle 6021, the inside of the big circle is also of a step structure, and a small inner circle 6023, a seal groove 6024 and a big inner circle 6025 of the steel small inner circle are sequentially formed;
The connection relation of the connecting ring 6 is that the slotted end face of the copper ring 601 is abutted against the end face of the large inner circle 6025 of the steel large inner circle, the outer circle 6011 is in interference connection with the large inner circle 6025 of the steel large inner circle, and the oil-water isolation seal 7 is installed in the seal groove 6024 of the steel ring.
The processing characteristic of the connecting ring 6 is that after the copper ring 601 and the steel ring 602 are assembled in an interference way, the large round end face 6026 of the steel ring and the slotless end face 6015 of the copper ring are integrally finished, so that the coplanarity precision of the two faces is ensured.
The connecting ring 6 is structurally characterized in that the diameter of the small inner circle 6023 of the steel ring is 0.1-0.2mm larger than that of the ceramic plunger 303, so that friction and abrasion of the ceramic plunger 303 between the reciprocating process and the small inner circle of the steel ring are prevented, and good sealing performance of the oil-water isolation seal 7 is ensured.
The cylinder liner 4 has a circular ring-shaped structure, and a flange 401 is provided on the outer circumference thereof.
The shell 2 is provided with a platform 201 and concentric two-stage stepped holes, namely a seventh stepped hole 202 and an eighth stepped hole 203.
The whole connection relation of the invention is that the excircle of the cylinder body lining 4 penetrates into a seventh stepped hole 202 of the shell 2, the flange surface is abutted against the plane of the platform 201, the flange 401 and the platform 201 are in threaded connection, the pump head 1 and the shell 2 are in threaded connection tightly, one end of the connecting ring 6 is radially sealed and installed in a eighth stepped hole 203 of the shell 2, one end of the connecting ring is installed in a third stepped hole 103 of the pump head 1, the high-pressure water seal 8 is installed in a second stepped hole 102, two end surfaces are respectively abutted against the end surfaces of the second stepped hole 102 and the small circle 6022, the baffle 5 is installed in the shell 2, and the two end surfaces are respectively abutted against the end surfaces of the eighth stepped hole 203 and the large round end surface 6026 of the steel ring.
After the cylinder liner 4, the connecting ring 6, the baffle 5, the pump head 1 and the shell 2 are installed, the inner circle of the cylinder liner 4 and the copper inner circle 6012 are finished integrally, and concentricity of the two is guaranteed.
The diameter of the inner circle of the baffle 5 cannot completely shield the copper annular hole 6014.
The combined plunger 3 sequentially passes through the inner circle of the cylinder liner 4, the seventh stepped hole 202, the inner circle of the baffle plate 5, the copper inner circle 6012, the oil-water isolation seal 7, the steel small inner circle 6023 and the high-pressure water seal 8, and penetrates into the first stepped hole 101 of the pump head 1, and the connecting rod 9 is hinged with the pin shaft hole 3015.
The platform 201 is provided with a through hole 204 which is communicated with the O cavity and the A cavity, and the B cavity is communicated with the blind hole 3014 through a right angle hole 3044.
In the actual working process:
The relationship between the outer diameter D of the steel plunger 301 and the outer diameter D of the ceramic plunger 303 is determined by the following method:
firstly, according to the crank length r, the connecting rod length s and the rotating speed omega, the method is as follows In the formula,For crank angle, λ=r/s, for crank length and connecting rod length ratio, determining the maximum linear velocity of the combined plunger 3 and ensuring within the sliding velocity allowed by the materials used for the high-pressure water seal 8, the copper ring 601, the cylinder liner 4;
Next, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the force applied to the steel plunger 301 during the water absorption stroke, wherein P is the product of the maximum working sea depth pressure and the area of the ceramic plunger 303, p=ppi d 2/4, the maximum side load borne by the steel plunger 301 is n= Ptan α, and α is the maximum pressure angle of the crank-link mechanism;
then the supporting force of the cylinder liner 4 to the steel plunger 301 is linear distribution force, the total supporting force is respectively recorded as N1 and N2, the acting point of N1 is positioned at L1/4, the acting point of N2 is positioned at L2/4, wherein L is the distance between the center of the hinged circle 3015 and the end face of the cylinder liner 4 away from the hinged circle when the plunger suction stroke is finished, and 2L is the length of the cylinder liner 4.
Then, according to the following force and moment balance equation, the size of N2 can be obtained;
N2=N1+N
N2(L-2l+L2/4)=N1(L-L1/4)
(moment balance to the center of the hinge circle, neglecting friction)
Finally, the average contact specific pressure between the inner circle of the cylinder liner 4 and the steel plunger 301 isP c is less than the allowable specific pressure of the cylinder liner 4 material.
The pump head 1 is provided with a small hole 104 for communicating seawater, so that the pressure difference between two ends of the high-pressure water seal 8 is the rated pressure of the pump, and the O cavity, the A cavity, the B cavity and the hole 3014 are always filled with pressure compensation oil which is communicated to the inner side of the O-shaped ring 305, thereby ensuring that the pressure difference is almost not generated on two sides of the oil-water separation seal 7, and further ensuring the service life of the oil-water separation seal.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
The crank 10 rotates, the connecting rod 9 drives the combined plunger 3 to reciprocate along the inner hole of the cylinder liner and the copper ring inner circle 6012, the W cavity is compressed during the water discharging stroke, seawater is discharged through the water outlet, the W cavity is pumped out during the water sucking stroke, the seawater is sucked through the water inlet, the outer sides of the W cavity and the O-shaped ring are in alternating states between micro vacuum and rated pressure during the reciprocating process, the O-shaped ring 305 is in alternating states bearing inner pressure and outer pressure, and in the process, the A cavity compensation oil is stirred by the oil stirring sheet 302, enters the copper ring through the upper hole 6014 of the copper ring to the other side of the copper ring and the oil-water isolation seal 7 on one side, so that lubrication and heat dissipation between the ceramic plunger 303 and the copper ring 601 and between the oil-water isolation seal 7 are facilitated, and lubricating oil flow and heat dissipation between the steel plunger 301 and the inner circle of the cylinder liner 4 can be promoted on the other hand.
The above description is intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit it, the scope of which is defined by the claims, and any modifications can be made within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sea water pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large-depth submersible is characterized by comprising a pump head (1), wherein three concentric stepped holes are formed in the pump head (1), namely a first stepped hole (101), a second stepped hole (102) and a third stepped hole (103), the end part of the first stepped hole (101) is orthogonally penetrated with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively connected with a corresponding flow distribution valve, a shell (2) is mounted at the end part of the pump head (1) in a matched manner, a combined plunger (3) is mounted in the joint of the shell (2) and the pump head (1), and one end of the combined plunger (3) is hinged with a connecting rod (9) and a crank (10);
the combined plunger (3) comprises a ceramic plunger (303), wherein a steel plunger (301) is arranged at the end part of the ceramic plunger (303) through an oil poking sheet (302), the outer ring of the steel plunger (301) is matched with a platform (201) of a shell (2) through a cylinder liner (4), a connecting bolt (304) is arranged at the middle part of the ceramic plunger (303), the connecting bolt (304) stretches into the steel plunger (301), and the end part of the connecting bolt (304) is tightly connected with the ceramic plunger (303) through an O-shaped ring (305);
The high-pressure water seal (8) is arranged at the second stepped hole (102), the inner ring of the high-pressure water seal (8) is matched with the outer ring of the ceramic plunger (303), the third stepped hole (103) is simultaneously provided with the connecting ring (6) with the shell (2), the connecting ring (6) is composed of a copper ring (601) and a steel ring (602), the steel ring (602) is sealed with the shell (2) through a sealing ring, the oil-water isolation seal (7) and the copper ring (601) are matched and arranged in the steel ring (602), and the end face of the steel ring (602) is provided with a baffle (5) matched with the shell (2);
The cavity formed between the inside of the pump head (1) and the end face of the combined plunger (3) is a W cavity, the cavity formed between the outside of the combined plunger (3) and the cylinder liner (4) and the cavity of the shell (2) is an O cavity, and the cavity formed between the inside end faces of the combined plunger (3), the connecting ring (6), the shell (2) and the cylinder liner (4) is an A cavity.
2. The seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large-depth submersible, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the steel plunger (301) comprises a plunger body (3011), one end of the plunger body (3011) is provided with a step surface (3012) and a step surface (3013), a threaded hole and a blind hole (3014) are formed in the middle of the plunger body (3011), and a pin shaft hole (3015) is formed in the plunger body (3011).
3. A seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large depth submersible as recited in claim 2, wherein the plunger body (3011) is of stepped shaft configuration.
4. The seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a deep submersible as recited in claim 1, wherein the oil deflector (302) is of a circular ring structure, and grooves (3021) are circumferentially distributed on the oil deflector (302).
5. The seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large-depth submersible according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic plunger (303) comprises a plunger body (3031), the plunger body (3031) is of a cylindrical structure, and a fourth stepped hole (3032) and a fifth stepped hole (3033) are formed in the middle of the plunger body (3031).
6. The seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large-depth submersible as recited in claim 1, wherein the connecting bolt (304) comprises a hexagonal head (3041), a cylindrical section (3042) and a threaded section (3043), a sealing surface (3041) and a sealing groove (30112) are formed on the end face of the hexagonal head (3041), and a right-angle hole (3044) is formed on the threaded section (3043).
7. A seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large depth submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder liner (4) is provided with a flange (401).
8. A seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large-depth submersible as set forth in claim 1, wherein the copper ring (601) is of a circular ring structure, copper ring grooves (6013) and copper ring holes (6014) are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the ring, the copper ring grooves (6013) penetrate through an inner circle (6012) and an outer circle (6011), the copper ring holes (6014) penetrate through two end faces, the outer part of the steel ring (602) is of a stepped structure and is provided with a large circle (6021) and a small circle (6022), radial sealing grooves are formed on the large circle (6021), and steel ring small inner circles (6023), steel ring sealing grooves (6024) and steel ring large inner circles (6025) are sequentially formed inside the steel ring (602).
9. A seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large depth submersible according to claim 1, wherein the pump head (1) is provided with a small hole (104) leading to seawater.
10. A process for operating a seawater pump for buoyancy adjustment of a large depth submersible as claimed in claim 8, comprising the steps of:
the crank (10) is driven to rotate, and the connecting rod (9) drives the combined plunger (3) to reciprocate;
During the water draining process, the W cavity is compressed, the seawater is drained through the water outlet, during the water sucking process, the W cavity is evacuated, and the seawater is sucked through the water inlet;
During this reciprocation, the W-chamber and the outside of the O-ring (305) are in an alternating state between a slight vacuum and a nominal pressure;
the O-ring (305) is thus in an alternating state subjected to internal and external pressure;
In the process, the A cavity compensation oil is stirred by the oil stirring sheet (302), and enters the other side of the copper ring (601) and one side of the oil-water isolation seal (7) through the copper ring hole (6014), so that lubrication and heat dissipation between the ceramic plunger (303) and the copper ring (601) and between the ceramic plunger and the oil-water isolation seal (7) are facilitated;
on the other hand, the flow and heat dissipation of lubricating oil between the steel plunger (301) and the inner circle of the cylinder liner (4) can be promoted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411509671.0A CN119353212B (en) | 2024-10-28 | 2024-10-28 | A seawater pump for buoyancy regulation of deep-sea submersibles and its working process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411509671.0A CN119353212B (en) | 2024-10-28 | 2024-10-28 | A seawater pump for buoyancy regulation of deep-sea submersibles and its working process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN119353212A true CN119353212A (en) | 2025-01-24 |
| CN119353212B CN119353212B (en) | 2025-10-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202411509671.0A Active CN119353212B (en) | 2024-10-28 | 2024-10-28 | A seawater pump for buoyancy regulation of deep-sea submersibles and its working process |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001153064A (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2001-06-05 | Ebara Corp | Reciprocating pump |
| CN104806465A (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2015-07-29 | 芜湖市中亚汽车制动元件有限公司 | Ceramic plunger high-pressure water pump |
| WO2017140188A1 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-24 | 梁国富 | Oil-free high-pressure plunger pump |
| CN212508780U (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-02-09 | 浙江爱力浦科技股份有限公司 | Metering pump oxidized ceramic plunger with self-positioning function and mounting structure thereof |
| CN220227153U (en) * | 2023-07-15 | 2023-12-22 | 宁波绝特机械有限公司 | High-flow corrosion-resistant high-pressure plunger pump |
-
2024
- 2024-10-28 CN CN202411509671.0A patent/CN119353212B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001153064A (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2001-06-05 | Ebara Corp | Reciprocating pump |
| CN104806465A (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2015-07-29 | 芜湖市中亚汽车制动元件有限公司 | Ceramic plunger high-pressure water pump |
| WO2017140188A1 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-24 | 梁国富 | Oil-free high-pressure plunger pump |
| CN212508780U (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-02-09 | 浙江爱力浦科技股份有限公司 | Metering pump oxidized ceramic plunger with self-positioning function and mounting structure thereof |
| CN220227153U (en) * | 2023-07-15 | 2023-12-22 | 宁波绝特机械有限公司 | High-flow corrosion-resistant high-pressure plunger pump |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN119353212B (en) | 2025-10-10 |
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