CN119328069A - A stepped casting system for engine cylinder block - Google Patents
A stepped casting system for engine cylinder block Download PDFInfo
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- CN119328069A CN119328069A CN202411728164.6A CN202411728164A CN119328069A CN 119328069 A CN119328069 A CN 119328069A CN 202411728164 A CN202411728164 A CN 202411728164A CN 119328069 A CN119328069 A CN 119328069A
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- runner
- branch
- engine cylinder
- cylinder block
- casting system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/086—Filters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明为一种发动机缸体阶梯式浇铸系统，属于铸造领域。其技术方案为，一种发动机缸体阶梯式浇铸系统，包括总浇道部分，总浇道部分包括横向总浇道，横向总浇道的下方设有多个分浇道部分，分浇道部分包括第一竖向浇道，第一竖向浇道连接有中间浇道，中间浇道的另一端连接有分流浇道，分流浇道竖向设置，分流浇道的下端连接有第一内浇道，分流浇道的上端连接有第二内浇道。在浇铸过程中，液态金属分为两层，呈阶梯式进入型腔，减缓了对型腔的冲刷，液态金属充型平稳，利于型腔的排气，充型后，保证了不同高度位置液态金属的温度，液态金属的充型速度快、平稳和凝固均衡，大大降低了渣孔、气孔、砂孔和不易发现的缩松缺陷的发生，提高了铸件成品率。
The present invention is a stepped casting system for an engine cylinder block, belonging to the field of casting. The technical solution is as follows: a stepped casting system for an engine cylinder block includes a main runner part, the main runner part includes a horizontal main runner, and a plurality of branch runner parts are arranged below the horizontal main runner. The branch runner part includes a first vertical runner, the first vertical runner is connected to an intermediate runner, and the other end of the intermediate runner is connected to a diverter runner, the diverter runner is arranged vertically, the lower end of the diverter runner is connected to a first inner runner, and the upper end of the diverter runner is connected to a second inner runner. During the casting process, the liquid metal is divided into two layers and enters the mold cavity in a stepped manner, which slows down the scouring of the mold cavity. The liquid metal fills the mold smoothly, which is conducive to the exhaust of the mold cavity. After filling the mold, the temperature of the liquid metal at different heights is guaranteed. The liquid metal fills the mold quickly, steadily and solidifies evenly, which greatly reduces the occurrence of slag holes, air holes, sand holes and shrinkage defects that are not easy to find, and improves the casting yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of casting, in particular to a stepped pouring system for an engine cylinder block.
Background
The quality of a diesel engine block, which is the core component of the engine, directly affects the performance and life of the engine. Therefore, in the casting process of the cylinder body, the adoption of a reasonable casting process is important. The sand casting process is widely applied to the production of diesel engine cylinder blocks due to the characteristics of good adaptability, high cost efficiency and the like. However, in the actual production process, the design of the casting system and the problem of casting defects have always plagued the manufacturing enterprises.
In the cylinder casting process, casting of liquid metal is a key link. The three-layer step casting mode adopted at present ensures the fluidity and feeding effect of molten metal to a certain extent, but still has a plurality of problems. Firstly, the structure of the casting system is complex, comprising bottom casting and upper and lower middle casting, which undoubtedly increases the operation difficulty in the production process. Secondly, the straight-hole ceramic filter screen has a certain effect in the aspect of filtering impurities, but the defect of the casting is still difficult to completely avoid.
Common casting defects in the production process include slag holes, shrinkage porosity, air holes, sand holes and the like. Slag holes are formed mainly because impurities in the die cavity or low-melting-point substances in the liquid metal enter the die cavity, so that holes are formed. These holes are irregularly shaped, shallow in depth, smooth and shiny, coloured, enamel-like material on the inner surface of the hole. The existence of slag holes seriously affects the strength and sealing performance of castings, and can cause the problems of oil leakage, air leakage and the like in the working process of the engine.
The three-layer stepped casting system ensures the molding quality of the castings to a certain extent, but increases the grinding workload of the castings. In the processing process, the cylinder body casting needs to be strictly checked to ensure that the defects of slag holes, shrinkage porosity and the like are avoided. However, due to the existence of casting defects, castings are often scrapped, which not only increases production cost but also reduces production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stepped casting system for an engine cylinder body, aiming at the problem that casting has defects caused by the temperature reduction and layering cooling of the existing molten metal.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme includes that the stepped casting system for the engine cylinder body comprises a total pouring gate part, the total pouring gate part comprises a transverse total pouring gate, a plurality of sub-pouring gate parts are arranged below the transverse total pouring gate, the sub-pouring gate part comprises a first vertical pouring gate, the first vertical pouring gate is connected with a middle pouring gate, the other end of the middle pouring gate is connected with a sub-pouring gate, the sub-pouring gate is vertically arranged, the lower end of the sub-pouring gate is connected with a first inner pouring gate, the upper end of the sub-pouring gate is connected with a second inner pouring gate, and the first inner pouring gate and the second inner pouring gate are transversely arranged. The liquid metal is injected into the cavity from the first ingate to the bottom layer and the middle and low layers of the casting mould, and is injected into the cavity from the second ingate to the middle layer and the top layer of the casting mould, in the casting process, the liquid metal is divided into two layers and enters the cavity in a step mode, so that the scouring of the cavity is slowed down, the liquid metal is stably filled, the exhaust of the cavity is facilitated, the temperature of the liquid metal at different height positions is ensured after the filling, the filling speed of the liquid metal is fast, stable and solidification is balanced, the casting structure is compact, the occurrence of slag holes, air holes, sand holes and shrinkage defects which are not easy to find is greatly reduced, and the casting yield is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of the engine block stepped casting system, the split runner includes a first branch runner and a second branch runner, and the intermediate runner is connected at a junction between the first branch runner and the second branch runner.
As a preferred embodiment of the stepped casting system for the engine block, the intermediate runner forms an angle of 72 ° with the first branch runner, and the intermediate runner forms an angle of 62 ° with the second branch runner. The intermediate runner is located outside the corners of the first branch runner and the second branch runner. Through the angle design, the stable entering of liquid metal into the branch pouring channel can be effectively ensured.
As a preferred embodiment of the stepped casting system for the engine block, the first ingate forms an angle of 72 ° with the first branch runner, and the second ingate forms an angle of 105 ° with the second branch runner. Through the angle design, the stable entering of liquid metal into the branch pouring channel can be effectively ensured.
As a preferred embodiment of the stepped casting system of the engine block, the junction of the first ingate and the cavity is in a diverging bell mouth shape, and the junction of the second ingate and the cavity is in a diverging bell mouth shape. Can effectively reduce the scouring of the molten metal to the inside of the cavity.
As a preferred embodiment of the engine cylinder block stepped casting system, the transverse total runner comprises a first runner, two ends of the first runner are respectively connected with a second runner, one end, far away from the first runner, of each of the second runners on two sides is connected with a third runner, and the cross sectional areas of inner cavities of the first runner, the second runner and the third runner are sequentially reduced. So that the molten metal is more uniformly distributed.
As a preferred embodiment of the engine cylinder block stepped casting system, a sprue is connected to the middle point of the first runner, and a pouring cup is connected to the upper end of the sprue.
As a preferred embodiment of the engine cylinder block stepped casting system, a filter cavity is arranged at the upper end of the first vertical pouring channel, and the filter cavity is connected with the transverse total pouring channel. The metal liquid filtering device can fully filter impurities in the metal liquid, meanwhile, the filtering cavity is arranged at the branch pouring gate part, and all the branch pouring gate parts are simultaneously filtered, so that the filtering flow efficiency of the metal liquid is improved, and the temperature is reduced.
As a preferred implementation mode of the engine cylinder block stepped casting system, the upper end of the second vertical pouring channel arranged right below the straight pouring channel is not communicated with the transverse total pouring channel, auxiliary pouring channels are respectively arranged on the side walls of the first vertical pouring channels arranged on two sides of the straight pouring channel, the auxiliary pouring channels are connected to the second vertical pouring channel, and the second vertical pouring channel is provided with a middle pouring channel, a first branch pouring channel, a second branch pouring channel, a first inner pouring channel and a second inner pouring channel. The vertical pouring gate communicated with the transverse total pouring gate is not directly arranged below the pouring gate and the straight pouring gate, so that the molten metal flows to two sides, and the molten metal distribution of each branch pouring gate part is ensured to be uniform.
As a preferred embodiment of the engine cylinder stepped casting system, the sectional area of the inner cavity of the sprue isThe cross section area of the inner cavity of the first cross gate is straightThe cross sections of the first branch pouring channel, the second branch pouring channel, the first inner pouring channel and the second inner pouring channel are equal and areIn the inner part of the inner part,And (3) straightening: And (3) transverse: inner = 1.16:1:1.08. The casting system adopts a casting mode of closing before opening, so that the filling stability of the liquid metal can be ensured.
According to the technical scheme, the stepped casting system for the engine cylinder body has the advantages that firstly, the stepped casting system for the engine cylinder body realizes layered filling of liquid metal through the unique stepped design of the stepped casting system, and the filling mode greatly improves the internal quality of castings. In the traditional casting process, due to the rapid flow and impact of liquid metal, a large number of defects such as slag holes, air holes, sand holes and the like are often generated, and the service performance of castings is seriously affected. The system enables liquid metal to enter the cavity more stably through two-layer stepped casting, reduces defects caused by too fast flow velocity, and accordingly improves casting yield obviously. Secondly, the system optimizes the liquid metal filling process and simultaneously considers the effectiveness of cavity exhaust. The stepped injection mode not only slows down the flushing of the cavity, but also provides a smooth exhaust path for the gas in the cavity, ensures no air holes in the casting, and improves the compactness and mechanical properties of the casting. In addition, the filter cavity specially designed by the system has the filtering efficiency far higher than that of the traditional filtering mode. The design can fully filter impurities in the molten metal, ensures the purity of the casting, improves the filtering flow efficiency of the molten metal, reduces the temperature drop caused by filtering, and further ensures the quality of the casting. Through accurate calculation and design in the aspects of angle design and cross-sectional area optimization of a casting system, molten metal can be uniformly distributed in each branch pouring channel, so that the consistency of castings is improved, and casting defects caused by uneven molten metal flow are reduced.
In conclusion, the stepped casting system for the engine cylinder body provided by the invention has the remarkable advantages of improving the casting quality, reducing the production cost, improving the production efficiency and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals
1. Pouring cup, straight pouring gate, first cross pouring gate, second cross pouring gate, third cross pouring gate, filtering cavity, first vertical pouring gate, second vertical pouring gate, auxiliary pouring gate, intermediate pouring gate, first branch pouring gate, 12, second branch pouring gate, 13, first inner pouring gate, 14, second inner pouring gate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in this specific embodiment, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments in this patent, which would be within the purview of one of ordinary skill in the art without the particular effort to make the invention are intended to be within the scope of the patent protection.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the stepped casting system for the engine cylinder block comprises a total pouring gate part, the total pouring gate part comprises a transverse total pouring gate, a plurality of branch pouring gate parts are arranged below the transverse total pouring gate, the branch pouring gate part comprises a first vertical pouring gate 7, the upper end of the first vertical pouring gate 7 is provided with a filter cavity 6, the filter cavity 6 is connected with the transverse total pouring gate, the first vertical pouring gate 7 is connected with a middle pouring gate 10, the other end of the middle pouring gate 10 is connected with a branch pouring gate, the branch pouring gate is vertically arranged, the lower end of the branch pouring gate is connected with a first inner pouring gate 13, the upper end of the branch pouring gate is connected with a second inner pouring gate 14, and the first inner pouring gate 13 and the second inner pouring gate 14 are horizontally arranged.
Specifically, the split runner includes a first branch runner 11 and a second branch runner 12, and the middle runner 10 is connected to a connection portion between the first branch runner 11 and the second branch runner 12. An included angle of 72 degrees is formed between the middle pouring gate 10 and the first branch pouring gate 11, a round angle of R10mm is adopted at the transition part of the two, an included angle of 62 degrees is formed between the middle pouring gate 10 and the second branch pouring gate 12, and a round angle of R30mm is adopted at the transition part of the two. The intermediate runner 10 is located outside the corners of the first 11 and second 12 branch runners. The first ingate 13 forms an included angle of 72 degrees with the first branch pouring gate 11, a connecting part is provided with a bullnose of R11mm and a fillet of R5mm, and a connecting part forming an included angle of 105 degrees with the second ingate 14 is provided with a bullnose of R15mm and a fillet of R5mm. The junction of first ingate 13 and die cavity is the bell mouth shape of diffusion, the junction of second ingate and die cavity is the bell mouth shape of diffusion, has reduced the scouring of liquid metal to the die cavity.
The horizontal total runner includes first horizontal runner 3, the both ends of first horizontal runner 3 are connected with second horizontal runner 4 respectively, the one end that keeps away from first horizontal runner 3 of second horizontal runner 4 of both sides is connected with third horizontal runner 5, the inner chamber cross-sectional area of first horizontal runner 3, second horizontal runner 4 and third horizontal runner 5 reduces in proper order, specifically, the width of first horizontal runner 3, second horizontal runner 4 and third horizontal runner 5 equals, the height reduces 22mm and 10mm in proper order, can guarantee the quick entering sprue of liquid metal and the effectual condition of liquid metal gas of rolling up when the horizontal runner flows, the import of first horizontal runner 3 communicates with the sprue 2 bottom, both junction parts are provided with R6 mm's fillet, can reduce the liquid metal to the flushing of horizontal runner when the horizontal runner flows.
The middle point of the first horizontal pouring gate 3 is connected with a vertical pouring gate 2, and the upper end of the vertical pouring gate 2 is connected with a pouring cup 1. The upper end of a second vertical pouring gate 8 arranged right below the straight pouring gate 2 is not communicated with the transverse total pouring gate, auxiliary pouring gates 9 are respectively arranged on the side walls of a first vertical pouring gate 7 arranged on two sides of the straight pouring gate 2, the auxiliary pouring gates 9 are connected to the second vertical pouring gate 8, and a middle pouring gate 10, a first branch pouring gate 11, a second branch pouring gate 12, a first inner pouring gate 13 and a second inner pouring gate 14 are arranged on the second vertical pouring gate 8.
The sectional area of the inner cavity of the straight pouring channel isThe cross section area of the inner cavity of the first cross gate is straightThe cross-sectional areas of the first branch runner 11, the second branch runner 12, the first inner runner 13 and the second inner runner 14 are equal and areIn the inner part of the inner part,And (3) straightening: And (3) transverse: inner = 1.16:1:1.08.
In the casting process, liquid metal enters the sprue 2 through the sprue cup 1, before the whole sprue is filled, the liquid metal sequentially enters each filter cavity 6 through the first sprue 3, the second sprue 4 and the third sprue 5, after being filtered by a filter screen in the filter cavity 6, the liquid metal respectively enters the first main runner 7, then part of the liquid metal flows into the second main runner 8 which is not communicated with the sprue through the auxiliary runner 9, and then is shunted to the first branch runner 11 and the second branch runner 12 through the trunk 10, and finally the liquid metal enters the cavity through the first inner runner 13 and the second inner runner 14 until casting is completed.
According to the embodiment, the stepped casting system for the engine cylinder body has the beneficial effects that the stepped casting system for the engine cylinder body realizes layered filling of liquid metal through the unique stepped design of the stepped casting system, and the filling mode greatly improves the internal quality of castings. In the traditional casting process, due to the rapid flow and impact of liquid metal, a large number of defects such as slag holes, air holes, sand holes and the like are often generated, and the service performance of castings is seriously affected. The system enables liquid metal to enter the cavity more stably through two-layer stepped casting, reduces defects caused by too fast flow velocity, and accordingly improves casting yield obviously. Secondly, the system optimizes the liquid metal filling process and simultaneously considers the effectiveness of cavity exhaust. The stepped injection mode not only slows down the flushing of the cavity, but also provides a smooth exhaust path for the gas in the cavity, ensures no air holes in the casting, and improves the compactness and mechanical properties of the casting. In addition, the filter cavity specially designed by the system has the filtering efficiency far higher than that of the traditional filtering mode. The design can fully filter impurities in the molten metal, ensures the purity of the casting, improves the filtering flow efficiency of the molten metal, reduces the temperature drop caused by filtering, and further ensures the quality of the casting. Through accurate calculation and design in the aspects of angle design and cross-sectional area optimization of a casting system, molten metal can be uniformly distributed in each branch pouring channel, so that the consistency of castings is improved, and casting defects caused by uneven molten metal flow are reduced.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411728164.6A CN119328069A (en) | 2024-11-28 | 2024-11-28 | A stepped casting system for engine cylinder block |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202411728164.6A CN119328069A (en) | 2024-11-28 | 2024-11-28 | A stepped casting system for engine cylinder block |
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| CN119328069A true CN119328069A (en) | 2025-01-21 |
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| CN202411728164.6A Pending CN119328069A (en) | 2024-11-28 | 2024-11-28 | A stepped casting system for engine cylinder block |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120347162A (en) * | 2025-06-20 | 2025-07-22 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Wax pattern tree structure for precision investment casting of titanium alloy joint and manufacturing method thereof |
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2024
- 2024-11-28 CN CN202411728164.6A patent/CN119328069A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120347162A (en) * | 2025-06-20 | 2025-07-22 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Wax pattern tree structure for precision investment casting of titanium alloy joint and manufacturing method thereof |
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