Automatic clamping type numerical control lathe
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to an automatic clamping type numerical control lathe.
Background
The numerical control lathe is one of the widely used numerical control lathes, is mainly used for cutting processing of inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of shaft parts or disc parts, inner and outer conical surfaces of any cone angle, complex rotation inner and outer curved surfaces, cylinders, conical threads and the like, and can be used for grooving, drilling, reaming, boring and the like,
The numerical control machine tool automatically processes the processed part according to a processing program which is programmed in advance, and writes a processing process route, a process parameter, a movement track, a displacement amount, a cutting parameter and an auxiliary function of the part into a processing program list according to an instruction code and a program format which are specified by the numerical control machine tool, and then records the content in the program list on a control medium and inputs the content into a numerical control device of the numerical control machine tool so as to command the machine tool to process the part;
1. The workpiece is fixed on the mandrel, but the manual clamping efficiency of the workpiece is low, the automatic machining operation is difficult to adapt, and one end of the workpiece easily shakes during machining, so that the machining precision of the workpiece is affected;
2. and the clamping device is horizontally arranged, and in the process of machining a part of special-shaped piece, the angle of a general cutter is fixed in the process of milling the inclined surface of the shaft end, and the clamping angle of the clamping device is also fixed, so that only the inclined surface of the end with one inclination can be machined, but the required inclined surface of the end with different inclinations cannot be milled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic clamping type numerical control lathe so as to solve the defects caused by the prior art.
The automatic clamping type numerical control lathe comprises a lathe base, a dust collector and a milling cutter piece, wherein a transposition mechanism is arranged right above the lathe base and drives a workpiece to be machined to transversely and longitudinally displace, so that the machining position is adjusted, and the surface of the workpiece is machined through the milling cutter piece arranged on one side;
The clamping mechanism is arranged right above the transposition mechanism, and is used for adjusting the clamping angle according to the size or shape of the equipment, so that the special-shaped piece can be clamped asymmetrically, and the clamping stability of the special-shaped piece is improved;
The clamping mechanism is arranged right below the clamping mechanism, the bottom end of a workpiece to be machined is pushed by the tilting mechanism, the angle of the workpiece to be machined is dynamically adjusted, the surface of the workpiece to be machined is machined by the aid of the milling cutter piece, a dust collector is arranged on one side of the tilting mechanism, and the input end of the dust collector is connected with a suction pipe fitting.
Preferably, the transposition mechanism comprises a displacement supporting plate, an electric cylinder, a sliding block, a sliding groove and a displacement sensor, wherein the electric cylinder is arranged on one side of the lower portion of the displacement supporting plate, the output end of the electric cylinder is connected with the sliding block, the sliding groove is formed right above the displacement supporting plate, the sliding block is connected with the inner portion of the sliding groove, and the displacement sensor is connected on one side of the sliding block.
Preferably, the displacement supporting plate is connected with one side of the sliding block through an electric cylinder arranged on one side.
Preferably, the processing mechanism comprises a material frame, a ball screw, a servo motor and an instrument seat, wherein the material frame is arranged right above a machine tool base, one side of the material frame is connected with the servo motor, the output end of the servo motor is connected with the ball screw, and the ball screw is connected with the instrument seat in a penetrating way.
Preferably, the servo motor is in threaded connection with the inside of the instrument seat through a ball screw at the output end connecting end.
Preferably, the fixture comprises a clamping arm, a clamp seat, a tray, a positioning hole, a rubber pad, a bidirectional cylinder and a bearing seat, wherein the bottom end bearing of the clamping arm is connected with the clamp seat, one side of the clamping arm is connected with the rubber pad in a laminating way, one side of the clamping arm is connected with the positioning hole in an annular penetrating way, the bidirectional cylinder is arranged on the surface of the tray, the output end of the bidirectional cylinder is connected with the clamp seat, and the outer side of the bearing seat is connected with two ends of the tray.
Preferably, the positioning hole formed in the outer side of the clamping arm in an annular mode is connected with the surface of the clamp seat.
Preferably, the tilting mechanism is including work piece bracket, axle positioning seat, straight tooth strip, guide arm, drive gear and driving motor, work piece bracket installs under the bearing frame, work piece bracket's inside is provided with driving motor, driving motor's output is connected with drive gear, one side meshing of drive gear is connected with straight tooth strip, straight tooth strip's top is connected with the axle positioning seat, straight tooth strip's inside through connection has the guide arm, the bottom of guide arm is connected with the work piece bracket.
Preferably, the straight tooth strip is connected with the bottom end of the tray through a shaft positioning seat arranged at the top end.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. When different types of workpieces to be processed are required to be processed, the workpieces to be processed are subjected to inclination adjustment through the cooperation between the rotary clamping mechanism and the inclination mechanism, meanwhile, the angle of the tray can be dynamically adjusted through the cooperation between the rotary clamping mechanism and the inclination mechanism, so that the device can be subjected to centering angle processing by only one milling cutter, the milling cutters with different angles are prevented from being replaced for multiple times to be processed, the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced, and the working efficiency is improved;
2. Through the arrangement of the clamping mechanism, the clamping arms rotate at the outer sides of the clamp seats, so that angles of the four groups of symmetrically arranged clamping arms are adjusted, clamping and positioning treatment are conveniently carried out on two sides of workpieces to be machined with different specifications or shapes, meanwhile, the clamping arms are driven by the bidirectional air cylinders to carry out transverse displacement, two sides of the workpieces to be machined are clamped through the two groups of clamping arms, automatic clamping of workpieces can be achieved, and the problem of low efficiency caused by manual clamping of the workpieces is avoided;
3. The tray rotates at the outer side of the bearing seat, so that the corresponding angle adjustment is carried out on the tray and the workpiece, the processing angle of the milling cutter piece and the workpiece is adjusted, a rubber pad made of polytetrafluoroethylene material is adopted, the polytetrafluoroethylene material has good tensioning effect, can ensure the stability of clamping, and in the shaft end bevel milling process, the bevel with different inclinations can be milled by adjusting the clamping angle, so that the practicability is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the whole structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall side view structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic side sectional view of a displacement pallet according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a fixture seat according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic elevational view of a workpiece holder of the present invention in cross-section.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a rotating structure of a tray according to the present invention.
Wherein:
1. Machine tool base, 2, transposition mechanism, 21, displacement supporting plate, 22, electric cylinder, 23, slide block, 24, chute, 25, displacement sensor;
3. 4, driving a motor;
5. A processing mechanism; 51, a material rack, 52, a ball screw, 53, a servo motor, 54 and an instrument seat;
6. A clamping mechanism; 61, clamping arms, 62, a clamp seat, 63, a tray, 64, a positioning hole, 65, a rubber pad, 66, a bidirectional cylinder, 67 and a bearing seat;
7. tilting mechanism, 71, work-piece bracket, 72, shaft positioning seat, 73, straight tooth bar, 74, guide rod, 75, transmission gear, 76, driving motor;
8. a dust collector, 9, a suction pipe fitting.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the automatic clamping type numerical control lathe comprises a machine tool base 1, a dust collector 8 and a milling cutter piece 3, wherein a transposition mechanism 2 is arranged right above the machine tool base 1, the transposition mechanism 2 drives a workpiece to be machined to transversely and longitudinally displace, the machining position is adjusted, and the surface of the workpiece is machined through the milling cutter piece 3 arranged on one side;
The machining mechanism 5 is arranged on one side of the driving motor 4, and the machining mechanism 5 vertically lifts corresponding equipment according to machining requirements so as to perform corresponding static polishing treatment on the surface of a workpiece, the clamping mechanism 6 is arranged right above the transposition mechanism 2, and the clamping mechanism 6 adjusts the clamping angle according to the size or shape of the equipment so as to facilitate asymmetric clamping of the special-shaped piece and improve the clamping stability of the special-shaped piece;
The clamping mechanism 6 is provided with a tilting mechanism 7 under the clamping mechanism, the tilting mechanism 7 pushes the bottom end of a workpiece to be machined, the angle of the workpiece to be machined is dynamically adjusted, the surface of the workpiece to be machined is machined by the aid of the milling cutter piece 3, a dust collector 8 is arranged on one side of the tilting mechanism 7, and an input end of the dust collector 8 is connected with a suction pipe fitting 9.
In this embodiment, the transposition mechanism 2 includes a displacement supporting plate 21, an electric cylinder 22, a sliding block 23, a sliding chute 24 and a displacement sensor 25, the electric cylinder 22 is disposed on one side of the lower portion of the displacement supporting plate 21, the sliding block 23 is connected to the output end of the electric cylinder 22, the sliding chute 24 is disposed right above the displacement supporting plate 21, the sliding block 23 is connected to the inner portion of the sliding chute 24, the displacement sensor 25 is connected to one side of the sliding block 23, and the electric cylinder 22 is controlled by the displacement sensor 25 to adjust the pushed position.
In this embodiment, the displacement pallet 21 is connected to the slide 23 side via an electric cylinder 22 provided on one side.
In this embodiment, the processing mechanism 5 includes a material frame 51, a ball screw 52, a servo motor 53 and an instrument seat 54, the material frame 51 is installed directly over the machine tool base 1, one side of the material frame 51 is connected with the servo motor 53, an output end of the servo motor 53 is connected with the ball screw 52, the ball screw 52 is connected with the instrument seat 54 in a penetrating manner, and according to the processing requirement, the height of the instrument seat 54 is dynamically adjusted, so that the equipment is polished during milling.
In this embodiment, the servo motor 53 is connected with the internal thread of the tool seat 54 through the ball screw 52 at the output end connection end, and drives the tool seat 54 to vertically lift through the ball screw 52, so that the displacement polishing treatment of the workpiece to be processed is facilitated.
In this embodiment, fixture 6 is including arm lock 61, anchor clamps seat 62, tray 63, locating hole 64, rubber pad 65, two-way cylinder 66 and bearing frame 67, the bottom bearing of arm lock 61 is connected with anchor clamps seat 62, one side laminating of arm lock 61 is connected with rubber pad 65, one side annular through connection of arm lock 61 has locating hole 64, two-way cylinder 66 installs the surface at tray 63, the output of two-way cylinder 66 is connected with anchor clamps seat 62, the outside of bearing frame 67 is connected with tray 63 both ends, carries out the centre gripping through the both sides that the rubber pad 65 increase to wait the machined part, increases the frictional force of equipment centre gripping.
In this embodiment, a positioning hole 64 formed on the outer side of the clamping arm 61 in a ring shape is connected to the surface of the clamp seat 62, and the angle of the clamping arm 61 is adjusted and then positioned through the positioning holes 64 distributed in a ring shape.
In this embodiment, the tilting mechanism 7 includes a workpiece bracket 71, a shaft positioning seat 72, a straight toothed bar 73, a guide rod 74, a transmission gear 75 and a driving motor 76, the workpiece bracket 71 is installed under the bearing seat 67, the driving motor 76 is disposed in the workpiece bracket 71, the output end of the driving motor 76 is connected with the transmission gear 75, one side of the transmission gear 75 is engaged and connected with the straight toothed bar 73, the top end of the straight toothed bar 73 is connected with the shaft positioning seat 72, the guide rod 74 is connected in a penetrating manner in the straight toothed bar 73, the bottom end of the guide rod 74 is connected with the workpiece bracket 71, and the driving gear 75 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 76, so as to dynamically adjust the straight toothed bar 73.
In this embodiment, the straight tooth strip 73 is connected to the bottom end of the tray 63 through the shaft positioning seat 72 provided at the top end, and the bottom end of the tray 63 is supported by the straight tooth strip 73, so as to adjust the angle of the tray 63.
When the numerical control machine tool with the graded air supply effect is practically applied, the numerical control machine tool comprises the following working processes:
Step 1, in the use process, an operator firstly depends on the specification and the shape of a workpiece to be machined. The operator can pull the clamping arm 61 to enable the clamping arm 61 to rotate on the outer side of the clamp seat 62, so that angles of the clamping arms 61 of four groups which are symmetrically arranged are adjusted, bolts are inserted into the positioning holes 64, fastening treatment is carried out on the clamping arm 61 and the outer side of the clamp seat 62, positioning treatment is carried out after the clamping arm 61 rotates, then workpieces to be machined are placed on the surface of the tray 63, a bidirectional air cylinder 66 is opened, the clamp seats 62 on two sides are driven to displace through the bidirectional air cylinder 66, and two sides of the workpieces to be machined are clamped through the clamping arms 61 arranged on two sides of the clamp seat 62;
Step 2, connecting the milling cutter piece 3 with the output end of the driving motor 4 through a gear set, controlling the rotation speed of the milling cutter piece 3 through gear sets with different gear ratios, driving the milling cutter piece 3 to rotate by using the driving motor 4, aligning the milling cutter piece 3 with a workpiece to be machined, pushing the sliding block 23 through the electric cylinder 22, driving the displacement supporting plate 21 to transversely displace by using the sliding block 23, enabling the displacement supporting plate 21 to drive the clamping arm 61 and the clamping seat 62 to displace, enabling the clamped workpiece to be in contact with the milling cutter piece 3, and processing the surface of the workpiece by using the milling cutter piece 3, and further primarily processing the surface of the workpiece;
step 3, an operator can open the dust collector 8 at the same time, the dust collector 8 sucks the scraps in the processing process into the dust collector 8 through a suction pipe fitting 9 arranged at one side, so that the scraps are prevented from adhering to the surface according to the scraps, the electric cylinder 22 is opened and closed according to the displacement distance measured by the displacement sensor 25, the operator can fix the polishing disc on the outer side of the instrument seat 54, and according to the polishing requirement of a workpiece, the servo motor 53 is opened, the ball screw 52 is driven to rotate by the servo motor 53, the heights of the instrument seat 54 and the polishing disc are adjusted, the electric cylinder 22 is used for repeatedly shifting a workpiece to be polished;
Step 4, when the machining angle of the workpiece needs to be adjusted, an operator can turn on the driving motor 76, drive the transmission gear 75 to rotate by using the driving motor 76, and then engage one side of the straight tooth strip 73 on one side by using the transmission gear 75, so as to vertically move up the straight tooth strip 73 and the shaft positioning seat 72, and then push one end of the tray 63 by the shaft positioning seat 72, so that the tray 63 rotates outside the bearing seat 67, and then the corresponding angle adjustment is performed on the tray 63 and the workpiece, and then the machining angle of the milling cutter 3 and the workpiece is adjusted;
and 5, after finishing the machining angle adjustment of the workpiece, opening the electric cylinder 22 again to push the sliding block 23, driving the displacement supporting plate 21 to transversely displace by using the sliding block 23, cutting the surface of the workpiece by using the milling cutter member 3, after finishing the machining of the workpiece, driving the workpiece by using the electric cylinder 22 to reset, opening the bidirectional cylinder 66, and driving the clamping arm 61 in the opposite direction by using the bidirectional cylinder 66 to release the workpiece.
Accordingly, the above disclosed embodiments are illustrative in all respects, and not exclusive. All changes that come within the scope of the invention or equivalents thereto are intended to be embraced therein.