CN119241288A - Method and device for producing organic fertilizer by composting dairy manure - Google Patents
Method and device for producing organic fertilizer by composting dairy manure Download PDFInfo
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- CN119241288A CN119241288A CN202411378427.5A CN202411378427A CN119241288A CN 119241288 A CN119241288 A CN 119241288A CN 202411378427 A CN202411378427 A CN 202411378427A CN 119241288 A CN119241288 A CN 119241288A
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- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001089 mineralizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment in livestock and poultry raising industry, and relates to a method and a device for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing manure compost in a dairy farm, comprising the following steps of S1, utilizing solid-liquid separation equipment to carry out solid-liquid separation on livestock and poultry manure; S2, preparing auxiliary materials, stirring and mixing the auxiliary materials and the solid-liquid separated excrement through a stirring device, wherein the auxiliary materials are sawdust, chaff and lime powder, and S3, mineralizing, humifying and harmless organic matters through high-temperature fermentation under the action of microorganisms. According to the method for producing the organic fertilizer by the manure compost in the dairy farm, the inorganic acid in the manure can be neutralized by adding lime powder into auxiliary materials, the pH value of the compost is improved, the growth of microorganisms and the decomposition of organic matters are facilitated, meanwhile, the lime can kill germs and ova, and the sanitary quality of the organic fertilizer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment in livestock and poultry raising industry, in particular to a method and a device for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing manure compost in a dairy farm.
Background
The organic fertilizer after composting treatment is rich in various nutrients, and can improve the soil structure, increase the microbial activity of the soil and improve the soil fertility. The organic fertilizer has important significance for developing green agriculture and promoting sustainable development of agriculture. The organic fertilizer can be directly applied to farmland, and can also be used as base fertilizer, additional fertilizer and the like.
At present, auxiliary materials are generally added when organic fertilizers are produced by the manure compost in a dairy farm, and most of the auxiliary materials are agricultural wastes such as straw, rice husk, mushroom residues, chaff, bran and the like, although the composting fermentation is facilitated, the manure contains a large amount of germs, worm eggs and the like, the conventional auxiliary materials cannot be effectively and quickly removed, so that the hygienic quality of the organic fertilizers can be affected, in addition, the auxiliary materials are generally added by stirring and mixing through a stirring device when the organic fertilizers are produced, and the auxiliary materials are generally added from above when the auxiliary materials are added because the manure compost is relatively viscous, so that the time is very long when the auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed into the manure compost, and the conventional compost stirring device is difficult to meet the production requirements.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method and a device for producing organic fertilizer by composting manure in a dairy farm to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method and a device for producing organic fertilizer by using manure compost in a dairy farm, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A method for producing organic fertilizer by dairy farm manure compost comprises the following steps:
S1, performing solid-liquid separation on livestock manure by using solid-liquid separation equipment;
s2, preparing auxiliary materials, stirring and mixing the auxiliary materials and the solid-liquid separated excrement through a stirring device, wherein the auxiliary materials are sawdust, chaff and lime powder;
S3, mineralizing, humifying and harmless organic matters by high-temperature fermentation under the action of microorganisms;
s4, granulating and forming by using granulating equipment;
And S5, granulating, and then drying, screening and cooling to obtain the final organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the solid-liquid separation device in the step S1 is a screening separator or a centrifugal separator or a filter pressing separation machine or a screw extrusion separator;
the granulating equipment used in the step S4 is a drum type granulator or a rotary table granulator or an extrusion type granulator or a compression type granulator.
Preferably, in the S3 process, oxygen is needed to be supplemented for the raw materials through turning and ventilation, the temperature is controlled, moisture is emitted and the porosity is recovered, the turning frequency is 2-10 days/time, and the temperature is needed to be kept below 75 ℃.
Preferably, the stirring device comprises a shell, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the shell, a fecal sewage compost feeding port is arranged at one side of the upper end of the shell, and an auxiliary material feeding port is arranged at the periphery of the top of the shell;
Be provided with rabbling mechanism in the casing, rabbling mechanism is including vertical fixed the setting in the inner tube at casing inner chamber middle part, and the top of inner tube is closed form, the outside of inner tube is connected with the urceolus through the bearing rotation, the upper end of inner tube and the upper end of casing are connected with the vertical axle of vertical rotation jointly, the inboard of inner tube is vertical to be provided with the flood dragon axle, the outside of flood dragon axle is provided with flood dragon blade, the fixed polygon post that is provided with in top of flood dragon axle, and the polygon post upper end extends to inside the vertical axle, the upper end side of inner tube is provided with the export, the upper end protrusion of vertical axle is in the top of casing and is provided with from the driving wheel, the one end at casing top is provided with the action wheel that is used for driving the action wheel rotatory motor, the lateral wall of urceolus evenly is provided with the stirring horizontal leaf, the top of urceolus is provided with the link, and the upper end and the vertical axle lateral wall fixed connection of link to the vertical axle rotation drives urceolus and flood dragon axle synchronous rotation.
Preferably, the cleaning and discharging device further comprises a cleaning and discharging mechanism, wherein the cleaning and discharging mechanism comprises an inner wall cleaning mechanism for cleaning the inner wall of the shell, a dragon cleaning mechanism for cleaning the dragon blades and a driving mechanism;
the inner wall cleaning mechanism comprises an inner rod movably connected to the inner side of the stirring transverse blade, a first scraping plate used for scraping the inner wall of the shell is vertically arranged at one end, far away from the outer cylinder, of the inner rod, and a chute is obliquely arranged at one side of the inner rod.
Preferably, the flood dragon cleaning mechanism comprises a fixing frame fixedly arranged at one side of the lower end of the inner cylinder, a second scraping plate is connected to the fixing frame in a transversely sliding guiding manner, one end of the second scraping plate, which is close to the inner cylinder, is in clearance fit with a blade of the flood dragon blade, the top of one end, which is far away from the inner cylinder, of the second scraping plate is an inclined plane, a first spring is arranged between the lower end of the second scraping plate and the fixing frame, and one end, which is close to the inner cylinder, of the second scraping plate is not protruded out of the inner wall of the inner cylinder when the first spring is in an initial state.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a lifting frame arranged at the top of the shell, a plurality of stirring transverse blades on the same vertical surface are jointly and vertically movably connected with stirring vertical blades, one side of each stirring vertical blade is provided with a convex shaft movably connected with the chute, the stirring vertical blades are configured to drive the inner rod to move away from the direction of the inner cylinder when the convex shaft moves downwards, the bottoms of the stirring vertical blades are jointly and fixedly provided with bottom rings which correspond to the second scraping plates and are used for driving the second scraping plates to move transversely, the tops of the stirring vertical blades are jointly and fixedly provided with rotating rings, the top of an inner cavity of the shell is provided with connecting rings, the bottoms of the connecting rings are rotationally connected with the rotating rings, the tops of the connecting rings are uniformly provided with upright posts, the upper ends of the upright posts extend to the top of the shell and are fixedly connected with the lifting frame, the upright posts are movably connected with the top of the shell through linear bearings, and one end of the top of the shell is provided with a lifting cylinder for driving the lifting frame to lift.
Preferably, the top of casing is provided with and is used for carrying out spacing stop gear with the crane linkage and to the polygon post, stop gear is including vertical the rotation connection in the vertical scroll at polygon post top, the fixed spacing circular cap that is provided with in top of vertical scroll, vertical link up on the vertical scroll be provided with polygon post adaptation polygon groove, polygon post is just polygon post, and polygon post's upper end extend to polygon groove on the vertical scroll and with polygon post sliding guide cooperation, the diameter of spacing circular cap is greater than the diameter of vertical scroll, and the projection of spacing circular cap inscribe on polygon post projected polygon, the fixed drum that is provided with in the vertical scroll upper end outside in top of casing, and the internal diameter of drum is greater than the diameter of vertical scroll, the inboard of drum evenly is provided with the arc fagging that is used for spacing to spacing circular cap, the even swing joint of lateral wall and arc fagging one-to be equipped with, and the outer pot head of T shape pole is equipped with the second spring, and the one end of T shape pole extends to the inboard of drum and with polygon post sliding guide cooperation, the annular bracket is located the expansion and the expansion link down to the top of arc support, the top of drum is in the expansion bracket and the middle part is the expansion of the expansion link, and the expansion link is in the expansion link down with the arc shaped spring, the top of the expansion link is in the middle part of the expansion link, and the expansion link is in the middle part of the expansion link is.
Preferably, blades are arranged at the corresponding positions of the side surfaces of the connecting frame and the outlet, and the blades are uniformly arranged along the vertical direction.
Preferably, the surface of the bottom ring is arc-shaped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for producing organic fertilizer by composting manure in a dairy farm, which have the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the method for producing the organic fertilizer by the manure compost in the dairy farm, the lime powder is added into the auxiliary materials, so that inorganic acid in the manure can be neutralized, the pH value of the compost is improved, the growth of microorganisms and the decomposition of organic matters are facilitated, meanwhile, the lime can kill germs and ova, the sanitary quality of the organic fertilizer is improved, the added sawdust has the water content of 15% -30% and the C/N ratio of more than 100, the ventilation property can be well maintained, and the sawdust after fermentation and decay is comprehensive in nutrition and loose in texture.
2. According to the device for producing the organic fertilizer by the manure composting in the dairy farm, through the specially designed stirring device, the stirring mechanism arranged in the stirring device can stir in a rotating way and convey manure upwards, auxiliary materials are added from the top during the stirring, so that the manure is conveyed upwards and is discharged continuously to cover the auxiliary materials, the auxiliary materials directly enter the manure, stirring is carried out again, the mixing effect and efficiency of the auxiliary materials and the manure can be improved, the blade is arranged at the outlet of the upper end, the rising and discharging manure can be subjected to shredding treatment, the manure is convenient to mix, the cleaning and discharging mechanism can clean the inner wall of the shell and the dragon blades simultaneously after the device is used, the dragon blades can move downwards, the materials are more convenient to discharge, and the lifting of the lifting frame is linked through the limiting mechanism, so that the lifting frame moves downwards to limit the polygon prism during cleaning, the polygon prism can move downwards, the height of the polygon prism during rear reset is limited, the following stirring is avoided, the structure is compact, and the use is convenient, and the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a stirring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view in partial cross-section of a stirring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the stirring device of the present invention with its housing removed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the invention in a disassembled state on the basis of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the invention in a state of the inner cylinder being detached from the dragon blade;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the outer cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention with the stirring arms, inner bars and stirring arms disassembled;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another view of the present invention based on FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the cleaning mechanism of the flood dragon of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the lifting frame, the limiting mechanism, the vertical shaft and the polygon prism in the matched state;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention from another perspective based on FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the spacing mechanism of the present invention in a separated state from the vertical shaft and spacing cap;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in a state where the force-bearing plate, T-bar and arc-shaped stay plate are detached.
In the figure, 1, a shell, 2, an auxiliary material feeding port, 3, a manure compost feeding port, 4, a lifting frame, 5, a discharge port, 6, an outer cylinder, 7, an inner cylinder, 8, a stirring transverse blade, 9, a stirring vertical blade, 10, a connecting frame, 11, an upright post, 12, a connecting ring, 13, a rotating ring, 14, a first scraping plate, 15, an inner rod, 16, a bottom ring, 17, a vertical shaft, 18, an outlet, 19, a dragon blade, 20, a polygon prism, 21, a dragon shaft, 22, a vertical shaft, 23, a limiting round cap, 24, a blade, 25, a chute, 26, a convex shaft, 27, a fixing frame, 28, a second scraping plate, 29, a first spring, 30, a lifting cylinder, 31, a motor, 32, a cylinder, a driven wheel, 34, a driving wheel, 35, a stress plate, 36, an arc supporting plate, 37, a T-shaped rod and 38, a second spring.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A method for producing organic fertilizer by dairy farm manure compost comprises the following steps:
Step 1, solid-liquid separation is carried out on livestock manure by utilizing solid-liquid separation equipment, wherein the solid-liquid separation equipment is a screening separator or a centrifugal separator or a filter pressing separation machine or a screw extrusion separator;
step 2, preparing auxiliary materials, stirring and mixing the auxiliary materials and the solid-liquid separated excrement by a stirring device, wherein the auxiliary materials are sawdust, chaff and lime powder;
The water content, carbon nitrogen ratio and pH value of the raw materials are required to be adjusted to meet the fermentation requirement. Generally, the carbon to nitrogen ratio of the compost mixture should be kept at 25-35:1 and the humidity at 40-70%.
Step 3, mineralizing, humifying and innocuous organic matters by high-temperature fermentation under the action of microorganisms, supplementing oxygen for raw materials by turning and ventilating, controlling the temperature, emitting moisture and recovering the porosity, wherein the turning frequency is 2-10 days/time, and the temperature is kept below 75 ℃;
step 4, granulating and forming by using granulating equipment, wherein the granulating equipment is a drum-type granulator or a rotary table granulator or an extrusion granulator or a compression granulator;
And 5, performing drying, screening and cooling processes after granulating to obtain the final organic fertilizer.
Based on the production method, a stirring device is also specially designed:
As shown in fig. 1-6, 10 and 11, the stirring device comprises a shell 1, a discharge port 5 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, a manure compost feed port 3 is arranged at one side of the upper end of the shell 1, an auxiliary material feed port 2 is arranged at the periphery of the top of the shell 1, a stirring mechanism is arranged in the shell 1, the stirring mechanism comprises an inner cylinder 7 vertically and fixedly arranged in the middle of an inner cavity of the shell 1, the top of the inner cylinder 7 is in a closed shape, an outer cylinder 6 is rotatably connected with the outer side of the inner cylinder 7 through a bearing, a vertical shaft 17 is vertically and rotatably connected with the upper end of the inner cylinder 7 and the upper end of the shell 1 together, a dragon shaft 21 is vertically arranged at the inner side of the inner cylinder 7, a dragon blade 19 is arranged at the outer side of the dragon shaft 21, a polygon prism 20 is fixedly arranged at the top of the dragon shaft 21, the upper end of the polygon prism 20 extends into the vertical shaft 17, an outlet 18 is arranged at the side of the upper end of the inner cylinder 7, the upper end of the vertical shaft 17 protrudes out of the top of the shell 1 and is provided with a driven wheel 33, one end of the top of the shell 1 is provided with a driving wheel 34 meshed with the driven wheel 33, one end of the top of the shell 1 is provided with a motor 31 for driving the driving wheel 34 to rotate, the side wall of the outer cylinder 6 is uniformly provided with stirring transverse blades 8, the top of the outer cylinder 6 is provided with a connecting frame 10, the upper end of the connecting frame 10 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the vertical shaft 17, the vertical shaft 17 rotates to drive the outer cylinder 6 and the dragon shaft 21 to synchronously rotate, the corresponding part of the side surface of the connecting frame 10 and the outlet 18 is provided with a blade 24, the blade 24 is uniformly arranged along the vertical direction, a stirring mechanism arranged in the stirring device can stir in a rotating way and simultaneously convey the excrement upwards, auxiliary materials are added from the top, so that the upward conveyed excrement and the auxiliary materials are continuously covered, the auxiliary materials directly enter the inside the excrement and are stirred, the mixing effect and efficiency of auxiliary materials and the excrement can be improved, and the cutter blade 24 is arranged at the outlet 18 at the upper end, so that the excrement discharged by rising can be cut into pieces, and the excrement can be conveniently mixed.
The cleaning and discharging mechanism comprises an inner wall cleaning mechanism for cleaning the inner wall of the shell 1, a dragon cleaning mechanism for cleaning the dragon blades 19 and a driving mechanism, the cleaning and discharging mechanism can clean the inner wall of the shell 1 and the dragon blades 19 at the same time after being used, and the dragon blades 19 can move downwards, so that the materials are more convenient to discharge;
As shown in fig. 3-4 and fig. 6-8, the inner wall cleaning mechanism comprises an inner rod 15 movably connected to the inner side of the stirring transverse blade 8, a first scraping plate 14 for scraping the inner wall of the shell 1 is vertically arranged at one end of the inner rod 15 away from the outer cylinder 6, and a chute 25 is obliquely arranged at one side of the inner rod 15.
As shown in fig. 9, the dragon cleaning mechanism comprises a fixing frame 27 fixedly arranged at one side of the lower end of the inner barrel 7, a second scraping plate 28 is connected to the fixing frame 27 in a transversely sliding guiding manner, one end of the second scraping plate 28 close to the inner barrel 7 is matched with a blade gap of the dragon blade 19, the top of one end of the second scraping plate 28 far away from the inner barrel 7 is an inclined plane, a first spring 29 is arranged between the lower end of the second scraping plate 28 and the fixing frame 27, and one end of the second scraping plate 28 close to the inner barrel 7 in an initial state of the first spring 29 does not protrude out of the inner wall of the inner barrel 7.
As shown in fig. 1-4, fig. 6-8 and fig. 10-11, the driving mechanism comprises a lifting frame 4 arranged at the top of the shell 1, a plurality of stirring transverse blades 8 on the same vertical surface are vertically and movably connected with stirring vertical blades 9, one side of each stirring vertical blade 9 is provided with a convex shaft 26 movably connected with a chute 25, the driving mechanism is configured to enable an inner rod 15 to move away from the inner barrel 7 when the stirring vertical blades 9 drive the convex shafts 26 to move downwards, bottom rings 16 which correspond to second scraping plates 28 and are used for driving the second scraping plates 28 to move transversely are fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the stirring vertical blades 9 together, surfaces of the bottom rings 16 are arc-shaped, tops of the stirring vertical blades 9 are fixedly provided with rotating rings 13, the top of an inner cavity of the shell 1 is provided with connecting rings 12, the bottoms of the connecting rings 12 are rotatably connected with the rotating rings 13, the tops of the connecting rings 12 are uniformly provided with upright posts 11, the upper ends of the upright posts 11 extend to the top of the shell 1 and are fixedly connected with the lifting frame 4, the tops of the upright posts 11 are movably connected with the top of the shell 1 through linear bearings, and a lifting cylinder 30 is arranged at one end of the top of the shell 1 and is used for lifting the lifting frame 4.
As shown in fig. 10-13, the top of the housing 1 is provided with a limiting mechanism which is linked with the lifting frame 4 and is used for limiting the polygon prism 20, the limiting mechanism comprises a vertical shaft 22 which is vertically and rotatably connected to the top of the polygon prism 20, the top of the vertical shaft 22 is fixedly provided with a limiting round cap 23, the vertical shaft 17 is vertically and penetratingly provided with a polygon groove which is matched with the polygon prism 20, the polygon prism 20 is a regular polygon prism, the upper end of the polygon prism 20 extends to the polygon groove on the vertical shaft 17 and is in sliding guide fit with the polygon groove, the diameter of the limiting round cap 23 is larger than that of the vertical shaft 22, the projection of the limiting round cap 23 is inscribed on the regular polygon projected by the polygon prism 20, the top of the housing 1 is fixedly provided with a cylinder 32 which is positioned outside the upper end of the vertical shaft 17, the inner diameter of the cylinder 32 is larger than that of the vertical shaft 17, the inside of drum 32 evenly is provided with the arc fagging 36 that is used for spacing hood 23, the lateral wall of drum 32 evenly swing joint has the T shape pole 37 with arc fagging 36 one-to-one, and the outer pot head of T shape pole 37 is equipped with second spring 38, and the one end of T shape pole 37 extends to the inboard of drum 32 and with the upper end lateral wall fixed connection of arc fagging 36, one side of arc fagging 36 lower extreme is provided with the atress board 35 that extends to the drum 32 outside, and the outside side of atress board 35 lower extreme is the inclined plane, the middle part of crane 4 is the ring form, and the ring at the middle part of crane 4 is located the outside of drum 32 and with the outside interference fit of atress board 35, and be configured to when the ring at the middle part of crane 4 is contradicted with atress board 35 second spring 38 is in the shrink state, and arc fagging 36 is located the bottom of spacing hood 23 periphery. Through the elevating of the stop gear and crane 4 that set up linkage, crane 4 moves down and can remove the spacing to polygon post 20 during the clearance to polygon post 20 can move down, can carry out spacing to polygon post 20's height during the time of resetting after the clearance, has avoided follow-up stirring to move down, compact structure, convenient to use has improved efficiency.
Further, for the working principle of the stirring device used in the method for producing the organic fertilizer by the manure compost in the dairy farm, during use, the manure after solid-liquid separation can be introduced into the shell 1 through the manure compost feeding port 3, the arc-shaped supporting plate 36 is positioned at the bottom periphery of the limiting round cap 23 to be in a limiting supporting state for the limiting round cap 23, the polygon prism 20 is not moved downwards, the first spring 29 is in a reset state, one end of the second scraping plate 28 does not enter the gap of the dragon blade 19, the first scraping plate 14 is not contacted with the inner wall of the shell 1, the driving wheel 34 is started to rotate, the driving wheel 34 drives the vertical shaft 17, the polygon prism 20, the dragon shaft 21 and the outer cylinder 6 to synchronously rotate through the driven wheel 33, the outer cylinder 6 drives the stirring transverse blade 8 to rotate and stir, the first scraping plate 14 and the stirring vertical blade 9 can also serve as stirring structures to stir, during the stirring, the flood dragon blades 19 continuously convey the excrement at the bottom upwards and then discharge the excrement through the outlet 18, the blades 24 rotate along with the outer cylinder 6, so that the blades 24 can cut up the discharged excrement, auxiliary materials are added through the auxiliary material feeding holes 2 during stirring, the auxiliary materials are continuously covered by the excrement which is conveyed upwards and falls down, the auxiliary materials enter the inside, stirring and mixing are more convenient, the discharge holes 5 are opened after the end, the excrement is discharged, the lifting cylinder 30 is controlled to drive the lifting frame 4 to displace downwards, the circular ring in the middle of the lifting frame 4 displaces downwards gradually and is separated from the stressed plate 35, the second spring 38 is reset gradually, the T-shaped rod 37 drives the arc supporting plate 36 to separate from the bottom of the limiting round cap 23, the limiting round cap 23 is released from the limitation, the lifting frame 4 moves downwards to drive the connecting ring 12, the rotating ring 13, the stirring vertical blade 9 and the bottom ring 16 to move downwards integrally through the upright post 11, the stirring vertical blade 9 drives the protruding shaft 26 to move downwards, the protruding shaft 26 drives the inner rod 15 to move outwards under the action of the chute 25, the first scraping plate 14 moves outwards to be in contact with the inner wall of the shell 1, the bottom ring 16 moves downwards to be matched with the inclined plane at the top of the second scraping plate 28, accordingly, the first spring 29 is compressed, one end of the second scraping plate 28 enters a gap of the dragon blade 19, then the motor 31 is controlled to rotate reversely, the first scraping plate 14 scrapes the inner wall of the shell 1, the dragon blade 19 moves downwards continuously under the action of the second scraping plate 28 while rotating, the polygon prism 20, the vertical shaft 22 and the limiting round cap 23 move downwards, the dragon blade 19 scrapes the inner wall of the inner barrel 7, the second scraping plate 28 scrapes the dragon blade 19, the excrement is more conveniently discharged, the subsequent cleaning force is reduced, the efficiency is improved, finally, the dragon blade 19 only needs to rotate positively under the control, the circular action of the middle part of the dragon blade 19 is completely reset, the arc supporting plate 36 moves to the bottom of the limiting round cap 23 again, and the first supporting the first scraping plate 14 is separated from the shell 1 under the circular action of the middle part of the dragon blade 4.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411378427.5A CN119241288A (en) | 2024-09-30 | 2024-09-30 | Method and device for producing organic fertilizer by composting dairy manure |
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| CN202411378427.5A CN119241288A (en) | 2024-09-30 | 2024-09-30 | Method and device for producing organic fertilizer by composting dairy manure |
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