CN119165519A - A reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system - Google Patents

A reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119165519A
CN119165519A CN202411354457.2A CN202411354457A CN119165519A CN 119165519 A CN119165519 A CN 119165519A CN 202411354457 A CN202411354457 A CN 202411354457A CN 119165519 A CN119165519 A CN 119165519A
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resistor
signal
capacitor
operational amplifier
signal processing
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CN119165519B (en
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柯素萍
赵洪泉
李鹏
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Shenzhen Ruikangan Technology Development Co ltd
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Shenzhen Ruikangan Technology Development Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/02Dosimeters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
    • G06K17/0022Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations arrangements or provisions for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device
    • G06K17/0029Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations arrangements or provisions for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device the arrangement being specially adapted for wireless interrogation of grouped or bundled articles tagged with wireless record carriers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03GCONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G3/00Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
    • H03G3/20Automatic control
    • H03G3/30Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a reference level dosimeter detection signal processing system which comprises a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module, a display and interaction module and a communication interface module, wherein the signal processing module is used for automatically or manually switching circuit amplification parameters according to the amplitude range of an input signal by introducing a multi-range amplification control unit, so that full-range accurate measurement is realized, the problems of signal saturation and low signal-to-noise ratio are effectively avoided, the measurement precision and reliability are obviously improved, the signal shaping unit is used for shaping the amplified signal, the abrupt noise of the signal is reduced, the tiny noise signal lower than a threshold value is filtered, the useful signal is more prominent, and meanwhile, the noise suppression unit adopts a two-stage filter circuit, the environmental noise and low-frequency interference in the signal are further eliminated, and the signal quality is improved. The method effectively solves the limitation of the existing dosimeter in the aspect of signal processing, and improves the accuracy and reliability of radiation dose measurement.

Description

Reference level dosimeter detection signal processing system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reference-level dosimeters, in particular to a reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system.
Background
The reference level dosimeter is mainly used for reading weak ionization signals of standard ionization chambers (treatment horizontal ionization chambers, well-type ionization chambers and the like), meets the requirements of IEC60731 reference level technical indexes, and can form a metering standard together with the standard ionization chambers.
The ionization effect generated by the interaction of the radiation particles and the detector is very weak, and especially in a low-dose-rate environment, the weak electric signals are easily influenced by various factors such as background noise, electronic noise, electromagnetic interference and the like, so that the signal quality is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is limited. The existing dosimeter often adopts an amplifying circuit with fixed gain, cannot automatically adapt to input signals with different amplitudes, so that the signal is saturated at a high dosage rate, the signal-to-noise ratio is low at a low dosage rate, and the full-range accurate measurement cannot be realized. For example, chinese patent application number 2023101969172 discloses a radiation dosimeter, and in the process of collecting radiation data, the collection assembly includes a channel switcher, a plurality of amplifiers and an a/D converter, and the amplifier of the technical scheme adopts fixed gain and cannot effectively adapt to input signals with different amplitudes. At high dose rates, the signal may be distorted by amplifier saturation, and at low dose rates the signal-to-noise ratio may be too low, affecting the measurement accuracy.
In summary, the limitations of the existing dosimeters in terms of signal processing severely restrict the accuracy and reliability of radiation dose measurement. In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a new solution to this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide a reference level dosimeter detection signal processing system to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
The technical scheme is that the reference level dosimeter detection signal processing system comprises:
the signal acquisition module is used for detecting radiation particles in the standard ionization chamber and converting the radiation particles into electric signals to be output;
the signal processing module is used for processing and analyzing the electric signals output by the signal acquisition module, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the multi-range amplification control unit is used for automatically or manually switching circuit amplification parameters according to the amplitude range of the electric signal so as to match the measurement range identifiable by the system;
The signal shaping unit is arranged at the output end of the multi-range amplification control unit and is used for shaping the amplified signal;
the noise suppression unit is arranged at the output end of the signal shaping unit and is used for eliminating environmental noise and low-frequency interference in the signal;
An analog-to-digital converter arranged at the output end of the noise suppression unit for converting the processed analog electric signal into a digital signal, and
A microprocessor for performing an analytical calculation on the digital signal to determine a radiation dose;
The display and interaction module is connected with the microprocessor and used for displaying the system state and the measurement result and allowing a user to perform operation and parameter setting;
and the communication interface module is used for carrying out data exchange with external equipment.
Preferably, the signal acquisition module includes:
the detection probe is arranged in the standard ionization chamber and is used for converting ionization effects generated by interaction of detection radiation particles and substances in the ionization chamber into measurable electrical signals;
And the signal connector is used for transmitting the electric signal to the signal processing module.
Preferably, the multi-range amplification control unit includes:
The main amplifying circuit comprises an operational amplifier U1, wherein the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1 and one end of a capacitor C1 through a resistor R2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the signal output end of the signal acquisition module, and the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded;
The gain control circuit comprises a field effect tube Q1, wherein the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1 and one end of a resistor R4 through a capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of a resistor R5 and the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q1, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DZ1, one end of a capacitor C3 and the first control output end of the microprocessor, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ1 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded.
Preferably, the signal shaping unit includes:
The inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1 through a resistor R6;
The integral regulating circuit comprises a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R8, wherein one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the capacitor C6 are connected with the resistor R7 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 through the capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R8 and the other end of the capacitor C6 are connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded through the capacitor C4;
the threshold circuit is arranged at the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 and is used for providing threshold voltage for the operational amplifier U2.
Preferably, the threshold circuit includes a triode VT1, a collector of the triode VT1 is connected to a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 and is grounded through a capacitor C7, an emitter of the triode VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R9 and an input end of a three-terminal voltage regulator D1 through a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to a +5v power supply, a base of the triode VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R11 and an output end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1, and the other end of the resistor R11 is grounded.
Preferably, the noise suppression unit includes:
The first filter circuit is used for eliminating environmental noise in signals and comprises an operational amplifier U3, wherein the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2 through a resistor R12 and is grounded through a capacitor C10, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U3 and one end of a resistor R15 through a capacitor C11 and is grounded through a resistor R14, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2;
The second filter circuit is used for eliminating low-frequency interference in signals and comprises a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9 and a resistor R13, one end of the capacitor C8 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with one end of the resistor R13 and the analog-to-digital converter, and the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded through the capacitor C9.
Preferably, the microprocessor is an STC15F type singlechip.
Preferably, the communication interface module comprises RS232, RS485 and LAN interface circuits.
Preferably, the display and interaction module includes:
The touch display screen is connected with the microprocessor through an SPI serial port;
And the key input circuit is connected with an input pin of the microprocessor, and a user can send a range selection instruction to the microprocessor by selecting a key.
Preferably, the system further comprises an RFID module, the RFID module comprising:
The RFID reader is used for identifying the electronic tag information on the standard ionization chamber and transmitting the read data to the microprocessor;
The driving circuit comprises a field effect tube Q2 and a field effect tube Q3, wherein the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R20 and the second control output end of the microprocessor, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q2 and the other end of the resistor R20 are grounded, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R21 and the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q3, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q3 is connected with the other end of the resistor R21 and a +5V power supply, and the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q3 is connected with the power supply end of the RFID reader-writer.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The application can automatically or manually switch the circuit amplification parameters according to the amplitude range of the input signal by introducing the multi-range amplification control unit, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of the whole range;
2. The system comprises a signal shaping unit, a noise suppression unit, an integrated adjusting circuit, a threshold circuit, a signal processing unit and a signal processing unit, wherein the signal shaping unit is used for shaping the amplified signal through the integrated adjusting circuit and the threshold circuit, reducing abrupt noise of the signal, filtering tiny noise signals lower than the threshold value, and enabling useful signals to be more prominent;
3. the system is also provided with a diversified communication interface module and a user interaction interface, so that the wide connection and efficient interaction with various devices and networks are realized, and convenient, intelligent and personalized operation experience is provided for the user.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system module according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a signal processing module according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the multi-range amplifying control unit, the signal shaping unit and the noise suppressing unit in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of connection between an STC15F type single-chip microcomputer and a key input circuit in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit of an RFID module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying figures 1-5. The following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a reference level dosimeter detection signal processing system comprises:
the signal acquisition module is used for detecting radiation particles in the standard ionization chamber and converting the radiation particles into electric signals to be output;
The signal processing module is configured to process and analyze the electrical signal output by the signal acquisition module, as shown in fig. 2, and specifically includes:
The multi-range amplification control unit is used for automatically or manually switching the amplification parameters of the circuit according to the amplitude range of the electric signal so as to match the identifiable measurement range of the system;
the signal shaping unit is arranged at the output end of the multi-range amplification control unit and is used for shaping the amplified signal;
the noise suppression unit is arranged at the output end of the signal shaping unit and is used for eliminating background noise and low-frequency interference in the signal;
An analog-to-digital converter disposed at the output end of the noise suppression unit for converting the processed analog electric signal into a digital signal, and
The microprocessor is used for analyzing and calculating the digital signals to determine the radiation dose;
The display and interaction module is connected with the microprocessor and used for displaying the system state and the measurement result and allowing a user to perform operation and parameter setting;
and the communication interface module is used for carrying out data exchange with external equipment.
In the above, the signal acquisition module includes:
the detection probe is arranged in the standard ionization chamber and is used for converting ionization effects generated by interaction of detection radiation particles and substances in the ionization chamber into measurable electrical signals;
The signal connector is used for stably and reliably transmitting the electric signals to the signal processing module. When the signal connector is specifically arranged, the signal connector can adopt a triaxial TNC connector or a triaxial TRT connector so as to adapt to different application requirements and environmental conditions.
The electrical signal transmitted through the signal connector is first sent to a multi-range amplification control unit for processing, as shown in fig. 3, the unit specifically includes:
the main amplifying circuit comprises an operational amplifier U1, wherein the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1 and one end of a capacitor C1 through a resistor R2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the signal output end of the signal acquisition module, and the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded;
The gain control circuit comprises a field effect tube Q1, wherein a drain electrode (pin 1) of the field effect tube Q1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and an inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier U1 and one end of a resistor R4 through a capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of a resistor R5 and a grid electrode (pin 2) of the field effect tube Q1, a source electrode (pin 3) of the field effect tube Q1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DZ1, one end of the capacitor C3 and a first control output end of a microprocessor, and an anode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ1 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded.
In the specific implementation process of the multi-range amplification control unit, the main amplification circuit adopts the operational amplifier U1 to act as a main amplifier to amplify the acquired electric signals. The gain control circuit is arranged at the negative feedback end of the operational amplifier U1 and used for adjusting gain parameters of the operational amplifier U1, specifically, the field effect transistor Q1 is used as a variable resistor, when the microprocessor outputs control signals with different amplitudes, the conduction degree of the field effect transistor Q1 can be changed, so that the feedback resistance of the operational amplifier U1 is changed, and further the gain adjustment of the operational amplifier U1 is realized.
Meanwhile, the resistor R3 and the capacitor C2 form a negative feedback network, and the negative feedback network is used for stabilizing the gain and the output waveform of the amplifier and preventing self-oscillation and distortion. The voltage stabilizing diode DZ1 and the capacitor C3 play a role in stabilizing and protecting control signals output by the microprocessor.
Therefore, the multi-range amplification control unit amplifies an input signal through the main amplification circuit, and dynamically adjusts the gain of the amplifier through the gain control circuit according to the control signal of the microprocessor, so that the system can switch the detection range according to the amplitude range of the input signal.
The amplified signal is fed to a signal shaping unit for further processing, in particular, as shown in fig. 3, the signal shaping unit comprises:
The inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1 through a resistor R6;
The integral regulating circuit comprises a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R8, wherein one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the capacitor C6 are connected with the resistor R7 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 through the capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R8 and the other end of the capacitor C6 are connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded through the capacitor C4;
the threshold circuit is arranged at the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 and is used for providing threshold voltage for the operational amplifier U2.
In the working process of the signal shaping unit, the signal amplified by the operational amplifier U1 is input to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2, and then the input signal is shaped under the action of the resistance-capacitance element of the integral regulating circuit, so that abrupt noise of the signal is reduced, and the pulse electric signal generated by the radiation particles is converted into a continuous signal which is easier to analyze and process. Meanwhile, the comparison and adjustment circuit compares the integrated signal with a threshold voltage by setting the threshold voltage so as to filter out tiny noise signals lower than the threshold value, so that useful signals are more prominent, and the resolution of the system to the electric signals is greatly improved.
In the above, the threshold circuit includes a triode VT1, the collector of the triode VT1 is connected to the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier U2 and is grounded through a capacitor C7, the emitter of the triode VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R9 and the input end of a three-terminal voltage regulator D1 through a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to a +5v power supply, the base of the triode VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R11 and the output end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1, and the other end of the resistor R11 is grounded. The three-terminal voltage regulator D1 provides a stable reference voltage for the base electrode of the triode VT1, and further forms a stable threshold voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 through the amplifying action of VT 1.
The shaped signal may still contain ambient noise and low frequency interference signals and is further processed by a noise suppression unit. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the noise suppression unit includes:
The first filter circuit is used for eliminating environmental noise in signals and comprises an operational amplifier U3, wherein the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2 through a resistor R12 and is grounded through a capacitor C10, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U3 and one end of a resistor R15 through a capacitor C11 and is grounded through a resistor R14, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2;
The second filter circuit is used for eliminating low-frequency interference in signals and comprises a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9 and a resistor R13, one end of the capacitor C8 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with one end of the resistor R13 and the analog-to-digital converter, and the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded through the capacitor C9.
The shaped signal firstly enters a first filter circuit, the first filter circuit adopts a band-pass filter to extract the appointed frequency band of the useful signal, and high-frequency and low-frequency signals exceeding the frequency band range are restrained. The output signal of the first filter circuit is input into the operational amplifier U2 to form a feedback closed loop so as to improve the stability and bandwidth of the filter. After the processing of the first filter circuit, the environmental noise in the signal is obviously reduced, so that the signal is purer. The second filter circuit further eliminates low-frequency noise residues by adopting an RC filter principle so as to achieve the optimal filtering effect. Through the filtering processing, the quality of the acquired signal is greatly improved, and the accuracy and stability of detection of the reference level dosimeter are greatly improved.
In the specific implementation process, the system adopts an STC15F type singlechip as a core microprocessor and is responsible for overall data processing and control. The system is also provided with a diversified communication interface module, comprising RS232, RS485 and LAN interface circuits, which provide flexible data transmission modes and ensure that the reference level dosimeter can carry out high-efficiency and stable communication with external equipment.
In addition, in order to enhance the user experience, the system further integrates a display and interaction module, which specifically comprises:
The touch display screen is connected with the microprocessor through an SPI serial port, so that visual operation interface and result display are realized;
And the key input circuit is connected with an input pin of the microprocessor, and a user can send a range selection instruction to the microprocessor by selecting a key.
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 4, a user can conveniently select three ranges of high, medium and low through keys SW0, SW1 and SW 2. Wherein, the high range is (+/-) (10 nA-2.5 μA), the middle range is (+/-) (100 pA-25 nA), the low range is (+/-) (0.200 pA-250 pA), each key corresponds to one range setting, when a user presses one key, the key input circuit can send a corresponding instruction signal to the STC15F type singlechip. After receiving the instruction signal, the singlechip analyzes and identifies the measuring range selected by the user, and correspondingly adjusts the amplitude of the control signal of the DAC at the first control output end of the singlechip so as to adjust the system amplification parameters and provide accurate and reliable dose detection results for the user.
Meanwhile, the system further includes an RFID module, as shown in fig. 5, the RFID module includes:
the RFID reader-writer is used for identifying the electronic tag information on the standard ionization chamber and transmitting the read data to the microprocessor;
the driving circuit comprises a field effect tube Q2 and a field effect tube Q3, wherein the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R20 and a second control output end of the microprocessor, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q2 and the other end of the resistor R20 are grounded, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R21 and the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q3, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q3 is connected with the other end of the resistor R21 and a +5V power supply, and the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q3 is connected with the power supply end of the RFID reader-writer.
When the device is particularly used, the RFID reader-writer in the reference level dosimeter can automatically identify the electronic tag attached to the ionization chamber, and data information in the tag is sent to the microprocessor for analysis so as to extract key information such as the output signal range of the ionization chamber. According to the range of the ionization chamber, the microprocessor automatically matches and selects a proper detection range and automatically adjusts amplification parameters.
In summary, by introducing the multi-range amplifying control unit, the application can automatically or manually switch the amplifying parameters of the circuit according to the amplitude range of the input signal, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of the whole range. The dynamic range adjusting capability effectively avoids the problems of signal saturation and low signal-to-noise ratio, and remarkably improves the measuring precision and reliability.
The signal shaping unit arranged in the system performs shaping processing on the amplified signal through the integral regulating circuit and the threshold circuit, reduces abrupt noise of the signal, and filters out tiny noise signals lower than the threshold value, so that the useful signal is more prominent. Meanwhile, the noise suppression unit adopts a two-stage filter circuit, so that the environmental noise and low-frequency interference in the signal are further eliminated, and the signal quality is improved.
The system is also provided with a diversified communication interface module and a user interaction interface, so that the wide connection and efficient interaction with various devices and networks are realized, and convenient, intelligent and personalized operation experience is provided for the user.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the present invention in connection with the specific embodiments, and it should not be construed that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited thereto, and it is within the scope of the present invention to extend the scope of the present invention and replace the operation method and data based on the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,包括:1. A reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system, comprising: 信号采集模组,用于探测标准电离室中的辐射粒子,并转换为电信号输出;Signal acquisition module, used to detect radiation particles in the standard ionization chamber and convert them into electrical signal output; 信号处理模组,用于对所述信号采集模组输出的电信号进行处理和分析,具体包括:The signal processing module is used to process and analyze the electrical signal output by the signal acquisition module, specifically including: 多量程放大控制单元,根据所述电信号的幅度范围,自动或手动切换电路放大参数,以匹配系统可识别的测量范围;A multi-range amplification control unit automatically or manually switches circuit amplification parameters according to the amplitude range of the electrical signal to match the measurement range that can be identified by the system; 信号整形单元,设置于所述多量程放大控制单元的输出端,用于对放大后的信号进行整形处理;A signal shaping unit, arranged at the output end of the multi-range amplification control unit, for shaping the amplified signal; 噪声抑制单元,设置于所述信号整形单元的输出端,用于消除信号中的环境噪声和低频干扰;A noise suppression unit, arranged at the output end of the signal shaping unit, for eliminating environmental noise and low-frequency interference in the signal; 模数转换器,设置于所述噪声抑制单元的输出端,用于将处理后的模拟电信号转换为数字信号;以及an analog-to-digital converter, disposed at the output end of the noise suppression unit, for converting the processed analog electrical signal into a digital signal; and 微处理器,用于对所述数字信号进行分析计算,以确定辐射剂量;A microprocessor, used for analyzing and calculating the digital signal to determine the radiation dose; 显示与交互模组,所述微处理器连接,用于显示系统状态和测量结果,并允许用户进行操作和参数设置;A display and interaction module, connected to the microprocessor, for displaying system status and measurement results, and allowing the user to perform operations and parameter settings; 通讯接口模组,用于与外部设备进行数据交换。Communication interface module, used for data exchange with external devices. 2.根据权利要求1所述一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,所述信号采集模组包括:2. According to claim 1, a reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system is characterized in that the signal acquisition module comprises: 检测探头,设置于所述标准电离室内,用于将探测辐射粒子与电离室内物质相互作用产生的电离效应转换为可测量的电信号;A detection probe, disposed in the standard ionization chamber, for converting the ionization effect generated by the interaction between the detection radiation particles and the substances in the ionization chamber into a measurable electrical signal; 信号连接器,用于将所述电信号传输至所述信号处理模组。The signal connector is used to transmit the electrical signal to the signal processing module. 3.根据权利要求1所述一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,所述多量程放大控制单元包括:3. According to claim 1, a reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system is characterized in that the multi-range amplification control unit comprises: 主放大电路,包括运放器U1,运放器U1的同相输入端通过电阻R2连接电阻R1和电容C1的一端,电容C1的另一端连接所述信号采集模组的信号输出端,电阻R1的另一端接地;A main amplifying circuit, comprising an op amp U1, wherein a non-inverting input terminal of the op amp U1 is connected to a resistor R1 and one end of a capacitor C1 through a resistor R2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to a signal output terminal of the signal acquisition module, and the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded; 增益控制电路,包括场效应管Q1,场效应管Q1的漏极连接电阻R3的一端和运放器U1的反相输入端,电阻R3的另一端通过电容C2连接运放器U1的输出端和电阻R4的一端,电阻R4的另一端连接电阻R5的一端和场效应管Q1的栅极,场效应管Q1的源极接地,电阻R5的另一端连接稳压二极管DZ1的阴极、电容C3的一端和所述微处理器的第一控制输出端,稳压二极管DZ1的阳极与电容C3的另一端接地。The gain control circuit includes a field effect transistor Q1, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of a resistor R3 and an inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U1 and one end of a resistor R4 through a capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to one end of a resistor R5 and a gate of the field effect transistor Q1, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the cathode of a voltage-stabilizing diode DZ1, one end of the capacitor C3 and a first control output end of the microprocessor, and the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode DZ1 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded. 4.根据权利要求3所述一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,所述信号整形单元包括:4. According to claim 3, a reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system is characterized in that the signal shaping unit comprises: 运放器U2,运放器U2的反相输入端通过电阻R6连接运放器U1的输出端;An operational amplifier U2, wherein the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 through a resistor R6; 积分调节电路,包括电容C4、电容C5、电容C6、电阻R7和电阻R8,电阻R8与电容C6的一端通过电容C5连接电阻R7和运放器U2的反相输入端,电阻R8与电容C6的另一端连接运放器U2的输出端,电阻R7的另一端通过电容C4接地;An integral regulating circuit includes a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R8, wherein one end of the resistor R8 and the capacitor C6 is connected to the resistor R7 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 through the capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R8 and the capacitor C6 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded through the capacitor C4; 阈值电路,设置于运放器U2的同相输入端,用于向运放器U2提供阈值电压。The threshold circuit is arranged at the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2, and is used for providing a threshold voltage to the operational amplifier U2. 5.根据权利要求4所述一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,所述阈值电路包括三极管VT1,三极管VT1的集电极连接运放器U2的同相输入端,并通过电容C7接地,三极管VT1的发射极通过电阻R10连接电阻R9的一端和三端稳压器D1的输入端,电阻R9的另一端连接+5V电源,三极管VT1的基极连接电阻R11的一端和三端稳压器D1的输出端,电阻R11的另一端接地。5. A reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system according to claim 4, characterized in that the threshold circuit comprises a transistor VT1, the collector of the transistor VT1 is connected to the in-phase input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 and is grounded through a capacitor C7, the emitter of the transistor VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R9 and an input terminal of a three-terminal regulator D1 through a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to a +5V power supply, the base of the transistor VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R11 and an output terminal of the three-terminal regulator D1, and the other end of the resistor R11 is grounded. 6.根据权利要求5所述一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,所述噪声抑制单元包括:6. The reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system according to claim 5, wherein the noise suppression unit comprises: 第一滤波电路,用于消除信号中的环境噪声,包括运放器U3,运放器U3的同相输入端通过电阻R12连接运放器U2的输出端,并通过电容C10接地,运放器U3的反相输入端通过电容C11连接运放器U3的输出端和电阻R15的一端,并通过电阻R14接地,电阻R15的另一端连接运放器U2的反相输入端;A first filtering circuit, for eliminating environmental noise in a signal, comprises an op amp U3, wherein a non-inverting input terminal of the op amp U3 is connected to an output terminal of the op amp U2 via a resistor R12 and is grounded via a capacitor C10, an inverting input terminal of the op amp U3 is connected to an output terminal of the op amp U3 and one end of a resistor R15 via a capacitor C11 and is grounded via a resistor R14, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to an inverting input terminal of the op amp U2; 第二滤波电路,用于消除信号中的低频干扰,包括电容C8、电容C9和电阻R13,电容C8的一端连接运放器U2的输出端,电容C8的另一端连接电阻R13的一端和所述模数转换器,电阻R13的另一端通过电容C9接地。The second filtering circuit is used to eliminate low-frequency interference in the signal, including capacitor C8, capacitor C9 and resistor R13, one end of capacitor C8 is connected to the output end of operational amplifier U2, the other end of capacitor C8 is connected to one end of resistor R13 and the analog-to-digital converter, and the other end of resistor R13 is grounded through capacitor C9. 7.根据权利要求1所述一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,所述微处理器为STC15F型单片机。7 . The reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system according to claim 1 , wherein the microprocessor is a STC15F single-chip microcomputer. 8.根据权利要求7所述一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,所述通讯接口模组包括RS232、RS485和LAN接口电路。8. A reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system according to claim 7, characterized in that the communication interface module includes RS232, RS485 and LAN interface circuits. 9.根据权利要求8所述一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,所述显示与交互模组包括:9. A reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system according to claim 8, characterized in that the display and interaction module comprises: 触控显示屏,通过SPI串口与所述微处理器连接;A touch display screen is connected to the microprocessor via an SPI serial port; 按键输入电路,与所述微处理器的输入引脚连接,用户可通过选择按键来向微处理器发送量程选择指令。The key input circuit is connected to the input pin of the microprocessor, and the user can send a range selection instruction to the microprocessor by selecting a key. 10.根据权利要求1所述一种参考级剂量仪检测信号处理系统,其特征在于,所述系统还包括RFID模组,所述RFID模组包括:10. The reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system further comprises an RFID module, and the RFID module comprises: RFID读写器,用于识别所述标准电离室上的电子标签信息,并将读取的数据传输给所述微处理器;An RFID reader/writer, used to identify the electronic tag information on the standard ionization chamber and transmit the read data to the microprocessor; 驱动电路,包括场效应管Q2和场效应管Q3,场效应管Q2的栅极连接电阻R20的一端和所述微处理器的第二控制输出端,场效应管Q2的源极与电阻R20的另一端接地,场效应管Q2的漏极连接电阻R21的一端和场效应管Q3的栅极,场效应管Q3的源极连接电阻R21的另一端和+5V电源,场效应管Q3的漏极连接RFID读写器的电源端。The driving circuit includes a field effect transistor Q2 and a field effect transistor Q3, wherein the gate of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected to one end of a resistor R20 and the second control output end of the microprocessor, the source of the field effect transistor Q2 and the other end of the resistor R20 are grounded, the drain of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected to one end of a resistor R21 and the gate of the field effect transistor Q3, the source of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the other end of the resistor R21 and a +5V power supply, and the drain of the field effect transistor Q3 is connected to the power supply end of the RFID reader.
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