CN119165519A - A reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system - Google Patents
A reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/02—Dosimeters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
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- G06K17/0029—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations arrangements or provisions for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device the arrangement being specially adapted for wireless interrogation of grouped or bundled articles tagged with wireless record carriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The application discloses a reference level dosimeter detection signal processing system which comprises a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module, a display and interaction module and a communication interface module, wherein the signal processing module is used for automatically or manually switching circuit amplification parameters according to the amplitude range of an input signal by introducing a multi-range amplification control unit, so that full-range accurate measurement is realized, the problems of signal saturation and low signal-to-noise ratio are effectively avoided, the measurement precision and reliability are obviously improved, the signal shaping unit is used for shaping the amplified signal, the abrupt noise of the signal is reduced, the tiny noise signal lower than a threshold value is filtered, the useful signal is more prominent, and meanwhile, the noise suppression unit adopts a two-stage filter circuit, the environmental noise and low-frequency interference in the signal are further eliminated, and the signal quality is improved. The method effectively solves the limitation of the existing dosimeter in the aspect of signal processing, and improves the accuracy and reliability of radiation dose measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reference-level dosimeters, in particular to a reference-level dosimeter detection signal processing system.
Background
The reference level dosimeter is mainly used for reading weak ionization signals of standard ionization chambers (treatment horizontal ionization chambers, well-type ionization chambers and the like), meets the requirements of IEC60731 reference level technical indexes, and can form a metering standard together with the standard ionization chambers.
The ionization effect generated by the interaction of the radiation particles and the detector is very weak, and especially in a low-dose-rate environment, the weak electric signals are easily influenced by various factors such as background noise, electronic noise, electromagnetic interference and the like, so that the signal quality is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is limited. The existing dosimeter often adopts an amplifying circuit with fixed gain, cannot automatically adapt to input signals with different amplitudes, so that the signal is saturated at a high dosage rate, the signal-to-noise ratio is low at a low dosage rate, and the full-range accurate measurement cannot be realized. For example, chinese patent application number 2023101969172 discloses a radiation dosimeter, and in the process of collecting radiation data, the collection assembly includes a channel switcher, a plurality of amplifiers and an a/D converter, and the amplifier of the technical scheme adopts fixed gain and cannot effectively adapt to input signals with different amplitudes. At high dose rates, the signal may be distorted by amplifier saturation, and at low dose rates the signal-to-noise ratio may be too low, affecting the measurement accuracy.
In summary, the limitations of the existing dosimeters in terms of signal processing severely restrict the accuracy and reliability of radiation dose measurement. In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a new solution to this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide a reference level dosimeter detection signal processing system to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
The technical scheme is that the reference level dosimeter detection signal processing system comprises:
the signal acquisition module is used for detecting radiation particles in the standard ionization chamber and converting the radiation particles into electric signals to be output;
the signal processing module is used for processing and analyzing the electric signals output by the signal acquisition module, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the multi-range amplification control unit is used for automatically or manually switching circuit amplification parameters according to the amplitude range of the electric signal so as to match the measurement range identifiable by the system;
The signal shaping unit is arranged at the output end of the multi-range amplification control unit and is used for shaping the amplified signal;
the noise suppression unit is arranged at the output end of the signal shaping unit and is used for eliminating environmental noise and low-frequency interference in the signal;
An analog-to-digital converter arranged at the output end of the noise suppression unit for converting the processed analog electric signal into a digital signal, and
A microprocessor for performing an analytical calculation on the digital signal to determine a radiation dose;
The display and interaction module is connected with the microprocessor and used for displaying the system state and the measurement result and allowing a user to perform operation and parameter setting;
and the communication interface module is used for carrying out data exchange with external equipment.
Preferably, the signal acquisition module includes:
the detection probe is arranged in the standard ionization chamber and is used for converting ionization effects generated by interaction of detection radiation particles and substances in the ionization chamber into measurable electrical signals;
And the signal connector is used for transmitting the electric signal to the signal processing module.
Preferably, the multi-range amplification control unit includes:
The main amplifying circuit comprises an operational amplifier U1, wherein the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1 and one end of a capacitor C1 through a resistor R2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the signal output end of the signal acquisition module, and the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded;
The gain control circuit comprises a field effect tube Q1, wherein the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1 and one end of a resistor R4 through a capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of a resistor R5 and the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q1, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DZ1, one end of a capacitor C3 and the first control output end of the microprocessor, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ1 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded.
Preferably, the signal shaping unit includes:
The inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1 through a resistor R6;
The integral regulating circuit comprises a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R8, wherein one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the capacitor C6 are connected with the resistor R7 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 through the capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R8 and the other end of the capacitor C6 are connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded through the capacitor C4;
the threshold circuit is arranged at the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 and is used for providing threshold voltage for the operational amplifier U2.
Preferably, the threshold circuit includes a triode VT1, a collector of the triode VT1 is connected to a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 and is grounded through a capacitor C7, an emitter of the triode VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R9 and an input end of a three-terminal voltage regulator D1 through a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to a +5v power supply, a base of the triode VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R11 and an output end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1, and the other end of the resistor R11 is grounded.
Preferably, the noise suppression unit includes:
The first filter circuit is used for eliminating environmental noise in signals and comprises an operational amplifier U3, wherein the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2 through a resistor R12 and is grounded through a capacitor C10, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U3 and one end of a resistor R15 through a capacitor C11 and is grounded through a resistor R14, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2;
The second filter circuit is used for eliminating low-frequency interference in signals and comprises a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9 and a resistor R13, one end of the capacitor C8 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with one end of the resistor R13 and the analog-to-digital converter, and the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded through the capacitor C9.
Preferably, the microprocessor is an STC15F type singlechip.
Preferably, the communication interface module comprises RS232, RS485 and LAN interface circuits.
Preferably, the display and interaction module includes:
The touch display screen is connected with the microprocessor through an SPI serial port;
And the key input circuit is connected with an input pin of the microprocessor, and a user can send a range selection instruction to the microprocessor by selecting a key.
Preferably, the system further comprises an RFID module, the RFID module comprising:
The RFID reader is used for identifying the electronic tag information on the standard ionization chamber and transmitting the read data to the microprocessor;
The driving circuit comprises a field effect tube Q2 and a field effect tube Q3, wherein the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R20 and the second control output end of the microprocessor, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q2 and the other end of the resistor R20 are grounded, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R21 and the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q3, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q3 is connected with the other end of the resistor R21 and a +5V power supply, and the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q3 is connected with the power supply end of the RFID reader-writer.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The application can automatically or manually switch the circuit amplification parameters according to the amplitude range of the input signal by introducing the multi-range amplification control unit, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of the whole range;
2. The system comprises a signal shaping unit, a noise suppression unit, an integrated adjusting circuit, a threshold circuit, a signal processing unit and a signal processing unit, wherein the signal shaping unit is used for shaping the amplified signal through the integrated adjusting circuit and the threshold circuit, reducing abrupt noise of the signal, filtering tiny noise signals lower than the threshold value, and enabling useful signals to be more prominent;
3. the system is also provided with a diversified communication interface module and a user interaction interface, so that the wide connection and efficient interaction with various devices and networks are realized, and convenient, intelligent and personalized operation experience is provided for the user.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system module according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a signal processing module according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the multi-range amplifying control unit, the signal shaping unit and the noise suppressing unit in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of connection between an STC15F type single-chip microcomputer and a key input circuit in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit of an RFID module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying figures 1-5. The following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a reference level dosimeter detection signal processing system comprises:
the signal acquisition module is used for detecting radiation particles in the standard ionization chamber and converting the radiation particles into electric signals to be output;
The signal processing module is configured to process and analyze the electrical signal output by the signal acquisition module, as shown in fig. 2, and specifically includes:
The multi-range amplification control unit is used for automatically or manually switching the amplification parameters of the circuit according to the amplitude range of the electric signal so as to match the identifiable measurement range of the system;
the signal shaping unit is arranged at the output end of the multi-range amplification control unit and is used for shaping the amplified signal;
the noise suppression unit is arranged at the output end of the signal shaping unit and is used for eliminating background noise and low-frequency interference in the signal;
An analog-to-digital converter disposed at the output end of the noise suppression unit for converting the processed analog electric signal into a digital signal, and
The microprocessor is used for analyzing and calculating the digital signals to determine the radiation dose;
The display and interaction module is connected with the microprocessor and used for displaying the system state and the measurement result and allowing a user to perform operation and parameter setting;
and the communication interface module is used for carrying out data exchange with external equipment.
In the above, the signal acquisition module includes:
the detection probe is arranged in the standard ionization chamber and is used for converting ionization effects generated by interaction of detection radiation particles and substances in the ionization chamber into measurable electrical signals;
The signal connector is used for stably and reliably transmitting the electric signals to the signal processing module. When the signal connector is specifically arranged, the signal connector can adopt a triaxial TNC connector or a triaxial TRT connector so as to adapt to different application requirements and environmental conditions.
The electrical signal transmitted through the signal connector is first sent to a multi-range amplification control unit for processing, as shown in fig. 3, the unit specifically includes:
the main amplifying circuit comprises an operational amplifier U1, wherein the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1 and one end of a capacitor C1 through a resistor R2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the signal output end of the signal acquisition module, and the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded;
The gain control circuit comprises a field effect tube Q1, wherein a drain electrode (pin 1) of the field effect tube Q1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and an inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier U1 and one end of a resistor R4 through a capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of a resistor R5 and a grid electrode (pin 2) of the field effect tube Q1, a source electrode (pin 3) of the field effect tube Q1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DZ1, one end of the capacitor C3 and a first control output end of a microprocessor, and an anode of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ1 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded.
In the specific implementation process of the multi-range amplification control unit, the main amplification circuit adopts the operational amplifier U1 to act as a main amplifier to amplify the acquired electric signals. The gain control circuit is arranged at the negative feedback end of the operational amplifier U1 and used for adjusting gain parameters of the operational amplifier U1, specifically, the field effect transistor Q1 is used as a variable resistor, when the microprocessor outputs control signals with different amplitudes, the conduction degree of the field effect transistor Q1 can be changed, so that the feedback resistance of the operational amplifier U1 is changed, and further the gain adjustment of the operational amplifier U1 is realized.
Meanwhile, the resistor R3 and the capacitor C2 form a negative feedback network, and the negative feedback network is used for stabilizing the gain and the output waveform of the amplifier and preventing self-oscillation and distortion. The voltage stabilizing diode DZ1 and the capacitor C3 play a role in stabilizing and protecting control signals output by the microprocessor.
Therefore, the multi-range amplification control unit amplifies an input signal through the main amplification circuit, and dynamically adjusts the gain of the amplifier through the gain control circuit according to the control signal of the microprocessor, so that the system can switch the detection range according to the amplitude range of the input signal.
The amplified signal is fed to a signal shaping unit for further processing, in particular, as shown in fig. 3, the signal shaping unit comprises:
The inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1 through a resistor R6;
The integral regulating circuit comprises a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R8, wherein one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the capacitor C6 are connected with the resistor R7 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 through the capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R8 and the other end of the capacitor C6 are connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded through the capacitor C4;
the threshold circuit is arranged at the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 and is used for providing threshold voltage for the operational amplifier U2.
In the working process of the signal shaping unit, the signal amplified by the operational amplifier U1 is input to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2, and then the input signal is shaped under the action of the resistance-capacitance element of the integral regulating circuit, so that abrupt noise of the signal is reduced, and the pulse electric signal generated by the radiation particles is converted into a continuous signal which is easier to analyze and process. Meanwhile, the comparison and adjustment circuit compares the integrated signal with a threshold voltage by setting the threshold voltage so as to filter out tiny noise signals lower than the threshold value, so that useful signals are more prominent, and the resolution of the system to the electric signals is greatly improved.
In the above, the threshold circuit includes a triode VT1, the collector of the triode VT1 is connected to the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier U2 and is grounded through a capacitor C7, the emitter of the triode VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R9 and the input end of a three-terminal voltage regulator D1 through a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to a +5v power supply, the base of the triode VT1 is connected to one end of a resistor R11 and the output end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1, and the other end of the resistor R11 is grounded. The three-terminal voltage regulator D1 provides a stable reference voltage for the base electrode of the triode VT1, and further forms a stable threshold voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 through the amplifying action of VT 1.
The shaped signal may still contain ambient noise and low frequency interference signals and is further processed by a noise suppression unit. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the noise suppression unit includes:
The first filter circuit is used for eliminating environmental noise in signals and comprises an operational amplifier U3, wherein the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2 through a resistor R12 and is grounded through a capacitor C10, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U3 and one end of a resistor R15 through a capacitor C11 and is grounded through a resistor R14, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2;
The second filter circuit is used for eliminating low-frequency interference in signals and comprises a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9 and a resistor R13, one end of the capacitor C8 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with one end of the resistor R13 and the analog-to-digital converter, and the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded through the capacitor C9.
The shaped signal firstly enters a first filter circuit, the first filter circuit adopts a band-pass filter to extract the appointed frequency band of the useful signal, and high-frequency and low-frequency signals exceeding the frequency band range are restrained. The output signal of the first filter circuit is input into the operational amplifier U2 to form a feedback closed loop so as to improve the stability and bandwidth of the filter. After the processing of the first filter circuit, the environmental noise in the signal is obviously reduced, so that the signal is purer. The second filter circuit further eliminates low-frequency noise residues by adopting an RC filter principle so as to achieve the optimal filtering effect. Through the filtering processing, the quality of the acquired signal is greatly improved, and the accuracy and stability of detection of the reference level dosimeter are greatly improved.
In the specific implementation process, the system adopts an STC15F type singlechip as a core microprocessor and is responsible for overall data processing and control. The system is also provided with a diversified communication interface module, comprising RS232, RS485 and LAN interface circuits, which provide flexible data transmission modes and ensure that the reference level dosimeter can carry out high-efficiency and stable communication with external equipment.
In addition, in order to enhance the user experience, the system further integrates a display and interaction module, which specifically comprises:
The touch display screen is connected with the microprocessor through an SPI serial port, so that visual operation interface and result display are realized;
And the key input circuit is connected with an input pin of the microprocessor, and a user can send a range selection instruction to the microprocessor by selecting a key.
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 4, a user can conveniently select three ranges of high, medium and low through keys SW0, SW1 and SW 2. Wherein, the high range is (+/-) (10 nA-2.5 μA), the middle range is (+/-) (100 pA-25 nA), the low range is (+/-) (0.200 pA-250 pA), each key corresponds to one range setting, when a user presses one key, the key input circuit can send a corresponding instruction signal to the STC15F type singlechip. After receiving the instruction signal, the singlechip analyzes and identifies the measuring range selected by the user, and correspondingly adjusts the amplitude of the control signal of the DAC at the first control output end of the singlechip so as to adjust the system amplification parameters and provide accurate and reliable dose detection results for the user.
Meanwhile, the system further includes an RFID module, as shown in fig. 5, the RFID module includes:
the RFID reader-writer is used for identifying the electronic tag information on the standard ionization chamber and transmitting the read data to the microprocessor;
the driving circuit comprises a field effect tube Q2 and a field effect tube Q3, wherein the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R20 and a second control output end of the microprocessor, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q2 and the other end of the resistor R20 are grounded, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R21 and the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q3, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q3 is connected with the other end of the resistor R21 and a +5V power supply, and the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q3 is connected with the power supply end of the RFID reader-writer.
When the device is particularly used, the RFID reader-writer in the reference level dosimeter can automatically identify the electronic tag attached to the ionization chamber, and data information in the tag is sent to the microprocessor for analysis so as to extract key information such as the output signal range of the ionization chamber. According to the range of the ionization chamber, the microprocessor automatically matches and selects a proper detection range and automatically adjusts amplification parameters.
In summary, by introducing the multi-range amplifying control unit, the application can automatically or manually switch the amplifying parameters of the circuit according to the amplitude range of the input signal, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of the whole range. The dynamic range adjusting capability effectively avoids the problems of signal saturation and low signal-to-noise ratio, and remarkably improves the measuring precision and reliability.
The signal shaping unit arranged in the system performs shaping processing on the amplified signal through the integral regulating circuit and the threshold circuit, reduces abrupt noise of the signal, and filters out tiny noise signals lower than the threshold value, so that the useful signal is more prominent. Meanwhile, the noise suppression unit adopts a two-stage filter circuit, so that the environmental noise and low-frequency interference in the signal are further eliminated, and the signal quality is improved.
The system is also provided with a diversified communication interface module and a user interaction interface, so that the wide connection and efficient interaction with various devices and networks are realized, and convenient, intelligent and personalized operation experience is provided for the user.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the present invention in connection with the specific embodiments, and it should not be construed that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited thereto, and it is within the scope of the present invention to extend the scope of the present invention and replace the operation method and data based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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