CN119124746B - Water quality detection device for agricultural water - Google Patents
Water quality detection device for agricultural water Download PDFInfo
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- CN119124746B CN119124746B CN202411631536.3A CN202411631536A CN119124746B CN 119124746 B CN119124746 B CN 119124746B CN 202411631536 A CN202411631536 A CN 202411631536A CN 119124746 B CN119124746 B CN 119124746B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/16—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state with provision for intake at several levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water quality detection device for agricultural water, which relates to the technical field of agricultural water and soil engineering, and has the technical key points that: the device includes water quality testing subassembly, draws water subassembly and energy supply subassembly, can gather the water sample of different degree of depth through electronic water pump and carry out multilayer water quality analysis. The device is provided with a multi-parameter water quality detector, can detect water quality parameters such as pH value, TDS value, heavy metal concentration and the like, and realizes automatic water quality monitoring. The device is based on the singlechip control system, automatically completes water sample acquisition, detection, data processing and display, and simplifies the operation flow. The device is powered by solar energy, has self-energy supply capability, and is suitable for outdoor use. Its unique structural design includes a protection, toper top cap and the cotton safeguard function that absorbs water, can effectively prevent external environment such as influence to equipment such as rainwater, dust, extension equipment life, especially adapted farmland irrigation water quality testing, monitoring water source such as lake river quality of water, ensure the security of irrigation water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural water and soil engineering, in particular to a water quality detection device for agricultural water.
Background
With the rapid development of industrialization and city, the problem of water resource pollution is increasingly serious, and the pollution becomes one of the key problems to be solved in the field of global environmental protection. The water pollution not only affects the ecological environment, but also forms a great threat to agricultural production and human health. Therefore, water quality testing is an important means of ensuring safe and sustainable management of agricultural water sources. Traditional water quality detection methods often rely on laboratory analysis, require sampling, transportation and complex detection procedures, are accurate, but have long periods, and cannot meet the requirements of real-time monitoring in agricultural production.
To solve this problem, portable and automated water quality testing equipment is becoming a research hotspot. The equipment can be used for carrying out real-time monitoring on site of agricultural irrigation water sources such as rivers, lakes and the like, so that the error and time cost of sample transportation are reduced, and the efficiency of data acquisition is greatly improved. Especially in agricultural irrigation, water quality at different depths often has differences, so that synchronous sampling and detection of different water layers are important for comprehensively knowing water source conditions.
Most of the existing portable water quality detection devices for agricultural water can only detect the water quality of a single water layer or surface layer, and synchronous collection and detection of water bodies with different depths are difficult to realize. In addition, the power supply of many devices relies on external power sources or batteries, limiting their use time and stability in outdoor complex environments. In long-term use or extreme environment, the precise instrument inside the device is easily affected by external factors such as rainwater, dust and the like, so that the detection precision is damaged or lost. Therefore, an automatic and multi-level agricultural water quality detection device which can adapt to various environmental conditions is urgently needed, so that comprehensive monitoring of water bodies is realized, and meanwhile, the service life of equipment is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a water quality detection device for agricultural water.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the water quality detection device for agricultural water comprises a water quality detection component, a water pumping component and an energy supply component, wherein the water pumping component pumps water in a lake or river into the water quality detection component for water quality detection, and the energy supply component provides electric energy for the water quality detection component and the water pumping component;
The water quality detection assembly comprises a base, 3 detection pipes are arranged in the middle of the top end of the base, a water pumping assembly is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the base, the water pumping assembly comprises 3 electronic water pumps, branch pipes are arranged at the water pumping ends of the 3 electronic water pumps, the water inlet ends of the 3 electronic water pumps are respectively connected with 3 detection pipes, the 3 branch pipes are sleeved in the water pumping pipes in parallel, the 3 branch pipes are different in length and respectively correspond to different water depths in lakes or rivers, electronic valves are arranged at one side of the bottom of each detection pipe, the base is provided with 3 drain holes, 3 electronic valves are connected with 3 drain holes, 4 support rods II are arranged around the top end of the base, a telescopic motor is connected between the two tops of the support rods, the bottom end of the telescopic motor is provided with a telescopic end, the bottom of the telescopic end is provided with 3 multi-parameter water quality detectors, the multi-parameter water quality detectors are positioned right above the 3 detection pipes, and the top of the telescopic motor is provided with a case;
The case comprises a battery, a singlechip and a display control mechanism, wherein the battery is respectively and electrically connected with the singlechip, the display control mechanism, the electronic water pump, the electronic valve, the telescopic motor and the multi-parameter water quality detector, and the singlechip is respectively and electrically connected with the display control mechanism, the electronic water pump, the electronic valve, the telescopic motor and the multi-parameter water quality detector;
the energy supply assembly comprises solar panels, the solar panels are electrically connected with the batteries, 4 conical top covers are arranged at the two top ends of the supporting rods, the conical top covers are located above the chassis, connecting rods are arranged at the top ends of the conical top covers, and the solar panels are arranged at one ends, far away from the top covers, of the connecting rods.
According to the technical scheme, 3 groups of detection water samples are arranged, 3 detection pipes are matched with the water suction pipes and the electronic water pumps to collect surface, middle and deep water in an irrigation water source (lake or river) into 3 detection pipes, 3 multi-parameter water quality detectors are controlled to extend into the water samples through the control telescopic motors, water quality detection of different depths is completed, after detection is completed, the water samples are discharged through the electronic valves and the water discharge holes to complete primary detection, and a battery is arranged in a case to provide stable electric power support for the whole system. The singlechip is used as a control core and is responsible for coordinating the work of each component, including pumping, detecting, data transmission and the like.
The solar energy supply assembly comprises a solar cell panel, is connected with a battery, converts sunlight into electric energy, supplies power for a water quality detection device of agricultural water, adopts a conical design as a top cover, is matched with a protective cylinder for use, can effectively prevent rainfall from directly wetting a precise instrument in the device in rainy days, and avoids the risk of circuit short circuit caused by water entering.
Preferably, the bottom end of the base is provided with 4 first support rods.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the bracing piece of certain length, with the device lifting to avoid the submerged device when river or lake water level rise to a certain extent.
Preferably, a first protection cylinder is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the base, a second protection cylinder is arranged in the middle of the top end of the base, a third protection cylinder is arranged in the bottom end of the conical top cover, the first protection cylinder is used for protecting the electronic water pump, the second protection cylinder is used for protecting 3 detection pipes, the third protection cylinder is used for protecting the telescopic motor and the multi-parameter water quality detector, and the display control mechanism is located on the three outer walls of the first protection cylinder.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, 3 protect a section of thick bamboo to the comparatively fragile subassembly in the device provides effective protection to improve the durability of device, prolonged its life.
Preferably, the probe of the multi-parameter water quality detector comprises three sensors including a TDS sensor, an electrochemical sensor and a temperature sensor.
By adopting the technical scheme, a plurality of detection data collocation modes exist, namely, the combination of PH detection, heavy metal concentration detection and temperature detection, the combination of PH detection, TDS detection and temperature detection, and the combination of PH detection, heavy metal concentration detection++ TDS detection and temperature detection, and the schemes can be adjusted according to specific agricultural requirements and water source conditions, comprehensively utilize the data of different sensors and provide a comprehensive water quality monitoring solution.
Preferably, the second and third inner walls of the protective cylinder are provided with adhesive strips, and 2 adhesive strips are detachably connected with absorbent cotton.
By adopting the technical scheme, the absorbent cotton in the second protective cylinder can effectively prevent sundries in the external environment, such as rainwater, dust, garbage and the like from entering the device, equipment is polluted, and the absorbent cotton needs to be replaced periodically. The water-absorbing cotton in the protective barrel III not only has the protection function of the water-absorbing cotton in the protective barrel II, but also can wipe residual moisture on the multi-parameter water quality detector after detection is completed each time, so that equipment is kept clean, and the precision of the equipment is kept.
Preferably, 3 water level sensors are arranged on one side of the inner wall of the detection tube, and 3 water level sensors are respectively electrically connected with the battery and the singlechip.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt water level sensor cooperation electronic water pump, avoid the water sample to gather too much, overflow the detecting tube.
Preferably, 3 inner bottom ends of the detection pipes are provided with slopes, and 3 water inlets of the electronic valves are positioned at the bottoms of the slopes.
By adopting the technical scheme, the slope is adopted, so that the water sample is discharged cleanly every time as much as possible, and the influence on the subsequent water samples is reduced.
Preferably, the bottom end of the water pumping pipe is provided with a balancing weight, the balancing weight is placed under the water of a lake or a river, and the lengths of the 3 branch pipes respectively correspond to the surface layer, the middle layer and the deep layer of the flowing water of the lake or the river.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the balancing weight, fix the drinking-water pipe, avoid it to float or be washed away by rivers, keep the position of water sample collection at every turn as far as possible fixed.
The invention also provides a control system of the water quality detection device based on the agricultural water, which comprises a central control module, a water pumping control module, a valve control module, a water quality detection module, a power management module and a display module;
The central control module is used as a control core of the system and is responsible for coordinating the work of each component;
The pumping control module is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the electronic water pump;
The valve control module is used for controlling the switch of the electronic valve;
The water quality detection module is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the telescopic end of the telescopic motor and the switch of the multi-parameter water quality detector;
the power management module is responsible for managing the supply of power and solar charging;
the display module is used for displaying the water quality detection result and the system state in real time.
The invention also provides a water quality detection method based on the agricultural water quality detection device, which comprises the following steps:
S1, water sample collection, namely starting an electronic water pump, pumping water at the 3 position in water into a detection pipe, monitoring the water level of the water sample in the detection pipe by a water level sensor, and closing the electronic water pump when the water level reaches a set position;
S2, water quality detection, namely starting a telescopic motor, controlling the extension length of a telescopic end, and extending the detection ends of 3 multi-parameter water quality detectors into a water sample for detection;
s3, data processing and display, wherein the singlechip processes the data returned by the multi-parameter water quality detector and updates the result through the display module;
S4, draining, namely after detection is completed, opening an electronic valve by a valve control module to drain the water sample;
S5, circularly operating, namely setting a detection period, and repeating the operations of S1-S4.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
and the multi-layer water sample collection is realized by the branch pipes with different lengths and the electronic water pump, so that the water quality conditions of the surface layer, the middle layer and the deep layer in the lake or the river can be more comprehensively known, and the problem that the traditional equipment can only collect a single water layer is solved.
Real-time multi-parameter water quality detection:
The device supports the simultaneous detection of a plurality of water quality parameters such as pH value, TDS value, heavy metal concentration, temperature and the like, provides comprehensive water quality information, and helps local agricultural producers to evaluate the water source health condition more accurately.
The device can effectively reduce interference among detection values, improve the accurate analysis capability of water quality change and provide reliable data support for agricultural water.
The automatic control system is used for automatically operating water pumping, detecting and draining based on single chip microcomputer control, combining with a water level sensor, ensuring accurate water sample collection, avoiding overflow, ensuring the intellectualization and convenience of equipment operation and adapting to the requirements of agricultural environments.
The self-powered system is characterized in that the device is provided with a solar energy supply assembly, and the solar panel provides power support for equipment, so that the working time is prolonged, and the device is particularly suitable for outdoor or agricultural environments which cannot be connected with a power supply.
The protective device has the structural design that the protective cylinder design and the conical top cover of the protective device effectively protect precision components such as an electronic water pump, a detection pipe, a multi-parameter water quality detector and the like, and prevent the invasion of external environments (such as rainwater and dust), so that the service life of equipment is prolonged.
The protective barrel is internally provided with the absorbent cotton, so that external impurities can be prevented from entering the device, the multiparameter water quality detector can be wiped after each detection, the equipment is ensured to be kept clean, the detection precision is maintained, and the safety of agricultural irrigation water is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pumping tube structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a pumping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation and operation of the detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the construction of a system frame of a detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a detection method in an embodiment of the invention.
The water quality detection device comprises a water quality detection component 1, a first supporting rod 102, a first protective cylinder 103, a base 104, a second supporting rod 105, a conical top cover 106, a connecting rod 107, a water draining hole 108, a machine case 109, a battery 110, a single chip microcomputer 2, a water pumping pipe 201, an electronic water pump 202, a branch pipe 203, a balancing weight 3, a second protective cylinder 301, a detection pipe 302, a sticky strip 303, a water level sensor 304, an electronic valve 305, a slope 4, a third protective cylinder 401, a display control mechanism 402, a telescopic motor 403, a telescopic end 404, a multi-parameter water quality detector 5, a solar cell panel 6 and absorbent cotton.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings, wherein it is to be understood that the illustrated embodiments are merely exemplary of some, but not all, of the invention. All other embodiments, which may be made by those skilled in the art without the benefit of the teachings of the present invention, are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention, and it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "vertical," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like designate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not designate or imply that the apparatus or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore are not to be construed as limiting of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanical or electrical, or may be in communication with each other between two elements, directly or indirectly through intermediaries, as would be understood by those skilled in the art, in view of the specific meaning of the terms described above.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1:
the detection of the present embodiment is configured as a combination of PH detection+heavy metal concentration detection+temperature detection.
1. Device structure
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the water quality detection device for agricultural water of the present invention comprises a water quality detection assembly 1, a water pumping assembly and an energy supply assembly. The specific structure is as follows:
The water quality detection assembly 1 comprises a base 103, and 3 detection pipes 301 are arranged in the middle of the top end of the base 103 and used for collecting water samples with different water depths. The four sides of the bottom end of the base 103 are provided with 4 supporting rods 101, the middle part of the bottom end of the base 103 is provided with a pumping assembly, the pumping assembly comprises 3 electronic water pumps 201, the water outlet end of each electronic water pump 201 is respectively connected to 3 detection pipes 301, the water inlet end of each 3 electronic water pump 201 is respectively connected with 3 branch pipes 202,3 different in length, the lengths of the branch pipes 202 are specially designed according to actual water depths, the purpose is to be used for pumping surface layer, middle layer and deep water samples in lakes or rivers, the 3 branch pipes 202 are parallelly connected and sleeved into the pumping pipe 2, the pumping pipe 2 is provided with 3 openings (corresponding to the surface layer, the middle layer and the deep layer in the lakes or the rivers), the water inlet ends of the 3 branch pipes 202 are respectively fixedly connected with the 3 openings of the pumping pipe 2, and the bottom end of the pumping pipe 2 is connected with a balancing weight 203 so as to prevent the pumping pipe 2 from being flushed by water in the use process. Each detection tube 301 has an electronic valve 304 at its bottom and is connected to the drain hole 107 of the base 103. Through the design of electronic valve 304 cooperation detecting tube 301 bottom slope 305, the water sample detects the back and can discharge rapidly. 4 support rods II 104 are arranged around the top end of the base 103, a telescopic motor 402 is connected to the middle of the top of each support rod, 3 multi-parameter water quality detectors 404 are arranged at the bottom of a telescopic end 403 of each telescopic motor 402, the telescopic motor 402 can control the 3 multi-parameter water quality detectors 404 to move up and down, the multi-parameter water quality detectors 404 are located right above each detection tube 301, water samples can be accurately detected during water quality detection, and the detection parameters comprise pH value, TDS value, conductivity, heavy metal content and the like.
The chassis 108 and the power supply system are that the chassis 108 comprises a battery 109, a singlechip 110 and a display control mechanism 401. The battery 109 provides power for the whole system, and the singlechip 110 is responsible for coordinated control of the operation of the water pump, the valve, the telescopic motor 402 and the multi-parameter water quality detector 404. The display control mechanism 401 is used for displaying the water quality detection result and the running state of the equipment.
The solar energy supply assembly comprises a solar cell panel 5, wherein the solar cell panel 5 is fixedly connected with a conical top cover 105 through a connecting rod 106, and the solar cell panel 5 provides charging support for a battery 109 through electric connection, so that the device can stably operate outdoors for a long time.
The protection cylinder design comprises a protection cylinder I102, a protection cylinder II 3 and a protection cylinder III 4, wherein the protection cylinder I102 is used for protecting the electronic water pump 201, the protection cylinder II 3 is used for protecting 3 detection pipes 301, the protection cylinder III 4 is used for protecting a telescopic motor 402 and a multi-parameter water quality detector 404, the protection cylinder II 3 is spaced from the protection cylinder III 4, a worker can conveniently and regularly maintain the device for the worker, the pure water correction and the like, the protection cylinder design prevents the influence of external environment, and the service life of the device is prolonged.
The inner walls of the second protective cylinder 3 and the third protective cylinder 4 are respectively provided with adhesive strips 302,2, and the adhesive strips 302 are detachably connected with absorbent cotton 6.
The second protective cylinder 3 and the third protective cylinder 4 are directly spaced, sundries in the external environment, such as rainwater, dust, garbage and the like, can easily float into the second protective cylinder 3, the absorbent cotton 6 can effectively prevent sundries in the external environment from entering the device to pollute equipment, the joint of the absorbent cotton 6 and the second protective cylinder 3 is provided with the adhesive strip 302, the absorbent cotton 6 and the protective cylinder are connected by a magic tape, the absorbent cotton 6 is replaced quite simply and conveniently, and the absorbent cotton is replaced regularly to keep the interior of the barrel clean. The design of the absorbent cotton 6 in the protective cylinder III 4 is consistent with that of the protective cylinder II 3, but the protective cylinder II 3 has the protection function of the absorbent cotton 6, and residual moisture on the multi-parameter water quality detector 404 can be wiped after each detection is finished (wiping principle is that the absorbent cotton 6 on the protective cylinder III 4 is provided with 3 small holes, the inner diameter of each hole is slightly smaller than the detection head of the multi-parameter water quality detector 404, and when the telescopic motor 402 operates to make the detection head reciprocate up and down, the detection head of the multi-parameter water quality detector 404 can pass through the holes of the absorbent cotton 6 to generate friction, and then wiping operation is finished), so that simple cleaning operation is finished, and the precision is maintained.
As shown in fig. 8, the water quality detection device for agricultural water of the present invention is further provided with a control system based on a single chip microcomputer 110, and comprises the following modules:
and the central control module is used as the core of the whole system and is responsible for coordinating the work of each component, including water pumping, valve control, water quality detection and power management.
And the water pumping control module is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the electronic water pump 201 to ensure that water samples are extracted from different depths.
And the valve control module is responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the electronic valve 304 and discharging the water sample after the detection is completed.
The water quality detection module controls the telescopic action of the telescopic motor 402, and ensures that the multi-parameter water quality detector 404 can accurately detect into a water sample.
And the power management module is responsible for managing the electric quantity of the battery 109 and supporting the charging function of the solar panel 5.
And the display module is used for displaying real-time data and system state of water quality detection, and is convenient for a user to monitor.
The implementation steps are as follows:
1. site-selection installation of equipment
Around the agricultural irrigation water source (river or lake), a place with a gentle topography is selected, 4 supporting rods 101 are piled and fixed, the top is leveled by a level meter, and then a base 103, an electronic water pump 201, a detection tube 301, a telescopic motor 402, a case 108 and the like are sequentially installed.
Measuring the water depth of the water source, arranging a water pumping pipe 2 with a corresponding length in a matched manner, then putting the balancing weight 203 into the water source close to the device for a proper distance, and finally putting the water pumping pipe 2 into the water, wherein the bottom end of the water pumping pipe 2 is connected with the balancing weight 203, and the installation is completed as shown in a schematic diagram in fig. 7.
2. Operation procedure
As shown in fig. 9, the method of operation is as follows:
S1, water sample collection
And starting the pumping control module to control the electronic water pump 201 to start, and pumping water samples of the surface layer, the middle layer and the deep layer from different depths of the lake or the river through branch pipes 202 with different lengths. The water level sensor 303 monitors the water level in the detection pipe 301, and when the water level reaches a set position, the electronic water pump 201 is turned off, preventing excessive water sample from entering.
S2, water quality detection
The water quality detection module is started, the telescopic motor 402 is started, and the detection end of the multi-parameter water quality detector 404 with 3 sensors is accurately stretched into the water sample in the detection tube 301 to perform multi-parameter water quality detection.
The multi-parameter water quality detector 404 of the present combination includes 3 sensors, a PH sensor (electrochemical sensor), a heavy metal sensor (electrochemical sensor), and a temperature sensor (thermal resistance RTD).
S201 detection method and principle
The multi-parameter water quality detector 404 is started, a detection mode is selected, each sensor is preheated or stabilized, and the accuracy of the measurement result is ensured.
PH sensor:
The pH sensor can measure the concentration of hydrogen ions in the water sample in real time through electrochemical reaction and convert the hydrogen ions into an electric signal. The signal is sent to the single chip microcomputer 110, and after analog-to-digital conversion, the signal is displayed as a corresponding pH value.
The system sets up to record the pH at regular intervals (e.g. every second) to ensure that a smooth measurement is obtained and updated in real time on the display.
Heavy metal sensor:
the heavy metal sensor detects the concentration of heavy metal ions in a water sample, such as lead, cadmium, copper and the like, by an electrochemical method (customized according to actual requirements, electrode materials sensitive to the corresponding heavy metal ions are used). The sensor generates a corresponding heavy metal concentration value according to the current change.
The system sets that the heavy metal value is recorded only once in each water quality detection, and the result is transmitted to the singlechip 110 and displayed on the display screen.
Temperature sensor:
The temperature sensor monitors the temperature change of the water sample through the thermal resistance principle. The built-in resistance material generates different resistance values along with the temperature change, and the system can measure and calculate the temperature of the water sample in real time.
The system displays the temperature data on a screen at a frequency of updating every second, so that a user can know the water temperature change in time.
S3, data processing and display
The singlechip 110 processes the data transmitted back by the multi-parameter water quality detector 404, updates the water quality detection result in real time through the display module, is matched with a 4G or 5G transmission module, and can transmit the detection data back to the user mobile terminal or the PC terminal for display. All data acquired by the sensors can be simultaneously transmitted to the singlechip 110, the singlechip 110 integrates the pH value, the heavy metal concentration and the temperature collected in real time, and the singlechip 110 can store the integrated data into an internal memory so as to facilitate subsequent analysis and review.
The processing process comprises the algorithms of denoising, smoothing and the like, so that the reliability and the accuracy of the measured data are ensured.
S301, data recording and export:
After the detection is completed, the system automatically generates a data report which comprises specific numerical values of various water quality parameters, measurement time, place and other information.
The user may choose to export the data to a USB device or send it to a cell phone or computer via bluetooth/Wi-Fi for further analysis and archiving.
Because of the relationship between the pH value, the heavy metal concentration and the temperature, for example, the temperature rise generally increases the mobility of ions, thereby improving the conductivity and further affecting the detection result of the heavy metal concentration. In addition, the pH value also changes the existence form of certain ions, and the measurement of conductivity and heavy metal concentration is indirectly influenced. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately analyze the root cause of the water quality change when a certain parameter is detected alone. The multi-parameter water quality detector 404 can effectively solve this problem. Through historical detection data, the change of the heavy metal concentration can be compared under the similar conditions of temperature and pH value, so that the change trend of the heavy metal concentration can be analyzed more accurately. The method provides powerful support for agricultural producers, is helpful for the agricultural producers to judge the specific condition of water quality change and more accurately evaluate the water source health condition.
S4, draining
After the detection is completed, the valve control module opens the electronic valve 304, and the water sample is discharged through the water discharge hole 107, so that the detection flow is completed.
S5, circulating operation
And (3) repeating the steps S1-S4 according to a preset detection period, and continuously monitoring the water quality. The detection period can be set to be 3 days/7 days/15 days, and is specifically customized according to the single energy supply period and the single detection energy consumption of the device and the detection requirement.
3. Maintenance mode
1) Pure water calibration
The staff needs to calibrate pure water for 15 days or 1 month regularly, specifically according to the use frequency of the instrument, so that the accuracy of data is ensured.
2) Device maintenance
The staff needs to regularly change the absorbent cotton 6, regularly wipe the sensor element on the multi-parameter detector, and regularly change the electrochemical sensor electrode, ensure the water quality detection precision when prolonging the device life.
Example 2:
the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the multi-parameter water quality detector 404 is combined with pH detection, TDS detection, and temperature detection.
The functions are as follows:
and the pH detection sensor is used for monitoring the pH value of irrigation water in real time. Too high or too low a pH value can affect crop growth, and the irrigation scheme can be timely adjusted through monitoring.
TDS sensor, which is used for measuring the total amount of dissolved solids in water and displaying the concentration of mineral substances and salts in water. The level of TDS can directly affect the health of soil and crops.
And a temperature detection sensor for monitoring the water temperature. The temperature can influence the dissolved oxygen content of water, and then influence the health of plant roots and the ecological stability of water.
The purpose is as follows:
monitoring and controlling the quality of irrigation water, and ensuring that the water quality is suitable for crop growth.
And timely identifying unsuitable water quality parameters, and avoiding potential damage to crops by adjusting an irrigation method or a water source.
The effect is as follows:
the yield and the quality are improved, the water quality is ensured to meet the growth requirement of crops, and the problems of excessively high acidity or alkalinity, uncomfortable water temperature and the like are avoided to influence the growth of crops.
And 3, accurate irrigation management, namely dynamically adjusting an irrigation scheme according to a water quality monitoring result, and reducing excessive fertilization and water resource waste.
Environmental protection and cost control, namely reducing unnecessary dissolved solids in irrigation water, reducing the salinization risk of soil and reducing the later soil improvement cost.
Example 3:
The present embodiment includes the detection functions of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, except that the multi-parameter water quality detector 404 is combined into pH detection, heavy metal detection, TDS detection, and temperature detection.
The embodiment 1 is suitable for agricultural areas with pollution risks, particularly farmlands with higher requirements on food safety, and is suitable for planting rice, vegetables, fruit trees and other planting scenes needing to ensure the safety of crops. This combination of embodiments is directed to sources of water with potential heavy metal contamination, or for use in field irrigation near industrial discharge areas.
Example 2 is suitable for routine monitoring of general agricultural water sources, especially those irrigation scenarios where water quality is not as demanding, but where stable pH and proper TDS are required. The embodiment combination is suitable for crops such as vegetables, rice, cotton and the like which have basic requirements on water quality, and ensures that obvious acid-base deviation or excessive mineral concentration of a water source cannot occur.
Example 3 is suitable for all agricultural scenarios, especially high value agricultural projects with strict requirements on water quality, including fine agriculture, greenhouse planting, greenhouse fruits and vegetables, and specialty commercial crops. The embodiment combination is suitable for agriculture with high water quality requirement, such as tea gardens, orchards, flower planting and the like, and is also suitable for high pollution risk areas and is used for continuously monitoring water source safety.
To sum up:
The scheme I is suitable for areas with pollution risks, especially heavy metal pollution, and equipment cost is high.
The scheme II is suitable for general agricultural water, has low cost and is suitable for conventional irrigation monitoring.
The scheme has the strongest function, is suitable for high-value agricultural projects, has the highest cost and is suitable for fine agricultural management.
The above specific embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention, and modifications, no inventive contribution, will be made to the embodiments by those skilled in the art after having read the present specification, as long as they are within the scope of the patent statutes.
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| CN110398397A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-11-01 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Artificial intelligence device for multi-dimensional fidelity collection of layered water samples in high dam deep reservoirs and water quality monitoring |
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