CN119124708A

CN119124708A - A high-fidelity sampling device and method for contaminated sites

Info

Publication number: CN119124708A
Application number: CN202411051064.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何理; 张福斌; 孙同; 程楷文
Original assignee: Tianjin University
Current assignee: Tianjin University
Priority date: 2024-08-01
Filing date: 2024-08-01
Publication date: 2024-12-13

Abstract

A high-fidelity sampling device and a high-fidelity sampling method for a polluted site are provided, wherein the device comprises a vehicle body block, a power block is arranged on the vehicle body block, the power block comprises a driving seat, a rotating shaft, a lifting sliding block, a main control component, a fixing frame, a winch, a mast, a first hydraulic rod, a second hydraulic rod and a lifting guide rail, the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod are obliquely arranged on the vehicle body block, the lower ends of the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod are connected with a bracket of the vehicle body block through a first supporting hydraulic cylinder and a second supporting hydraulic cylinder, the upper ends of the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod are fixedly connected with the fixing frame, and the winch and the mast are arranged at the top of the fixing frame. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of insufficient tightness, single structure and asymmetry of a device in the existing soil sample collection technology and insufficient sample fidelity in the process of sampling in complex soil layers and deep soil layers, and provides a polluted site high-fidelity sampling technology.

Description

Contaminated site high-fidelity sampling device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a polluted site sampling technology, and particularly relates to a polluted site high-fidelity sampling device and method.

Background

In recent years, with rapid industrial development and industrial structure adjustment, the problem of field pollution in China is increasingly serious, and deep development of soil investigation of a polluted field is an important support for comprehensively and accurately grasping the field pollution condition, constructing a whole polluted field restoration strategy by a system and scientifically making a field restoration technical scheme, and the soil high-fidelity and multifunctional sampling technology and equipment are very important for developing the soil accurate investigation of the polluted field.

Patent document with the publication number CN219369168U discloses a stratified sampling soil sampling device, which comprises an outer cylinder and a sampling tube coaxially arranged with the outer cylinder, wherein the sampling tube is arranged in the outer cylinder, and a stratified structure for separating multiple layers of samples is arranged on the inner side of the sampling tube. The device has the effect of improving the tightness and the structural compactness of the layered structure of the sampling device capable of sampling soil in a layered manner, but has the following technical defects:

1) The device has a single and asymmetric structure, and can not complete the sampling task in complex soil layers and deep soil layers;

2) No specific sampling system and method are formed;

The patent document with the publication number of CN116448624A discloses a soil stratum pollutant monitoring system and a soil stratum pollutant monitoring method, wherein the soil stratum pollutant monitoring system comprises a drilling tool, a monitoring unit and a monitoring unit, wherein the drilling tool is used for perforating, a logging well is established, soil samples are acquired, the monitoring unit is positioned in the logging well and comprises a plurality of groups of packers and a plurality of groups of sieve tubes which are alternately arranged, the sieve tubes positioned at the tail end are used for being abutted against a penetrating head of the drilling tool, the packers positioned at the head end are connected with a protection pipe, a sampler is arranged in each group of sieve tubes and is connected with a ground station through corresponding sampling pipelines, the ground station is connected with the packers through packer control pipes, the ground station inputs or extracts media to the packers through the packer control pipes, receives the liquid level, flow and pollutant information acquired by the monitoring unit, and outputs pollutant flow direction, flow velocity information and predicted pollutant diffusion results according to logging position and elevation information. However, the technology does not consider the tightness of the device, the sample is difficult to avoid being influenced by external environment in the sampling and sampling process, organic pollutants such as VOCs and the like are easy to volatilize, and the sample fidelity is not enough;

in order to overcome the defects, the applicant provides a high-fidelity sampling device and a high-fidelity sampling method for a polluted site.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of insufficient tightness, single structure and asymmetry of a device in the existing soil sample collection technology and insufficient sample fidelity in the process of sampling in complex soil layers and deep soil layers, and provides a polluted site high-fidelity sampling technology.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

The high-fidelity sampling device for the polluted site comprises a vehicle body assembly, wherein a power assembly is arranged on the vehicle body assembly, and comprises a driving seat, a rotating shaft, a lifting sliding block, a main control assembly, a fixing frame, a winch, a mast, a first hydraulic rod, a second hydraulic rod and a lifting guide rail;

The lifting device comprises a vehicle body block, a first hydraulic rod and a second hydraulic rod, wherein the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod are obliquely arranged on the vehicle body block, the lower ends of the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod are connected with a bracket of the vehicle body block through a first supporting hydraulic cylinder and a second supporting hydraulic cylinder, the upper ends of the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod are fixedly connected with a fixing frame, a winch and a mast are arranged at the top of the fixing frame, the bottom end of the mast is fixedly arranged at the top end of the fixing frame, the winch is fixedly arranged on two sides of the top end of the fixing frame, a steel wire rope is arranged in the winch and is fixedly connected with a pulley block arranged on the mast in a sliding manner, a lifting guide rail is arranged in the fixing frame in a sliding manner, one end of a main control component is fixedly connected with the free end of the lifting guide rail, the other end of the main control component is fixedly connected with the upper end of a rotating shaft which is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the upper end of a driving seat.

The power assembly is connected with the drilling tool assembly, and the drilling tool assembly comprises one or more of a hydraulic direct-push drilling tool, a spiral direct-push drilling tool and a vibration spiral drilling tool;

The drilling tool is fixedly arranged on the driving seat through a first drilling tool clamp, the driving seat is horizontally arranged, the middle of the upper end of the driving seat is rotatably connected with the bottom end of a rotating shaft which is vertically arranged, the driving seat comprises 3 mounting units for mounting the hydraulic direct-pushing drilling tool, the spiral direct-pushing drilling tool and the vibration spiral drilling tool, each mounting unit comprises an inner circular opening, a connecting line of the centers of the circular openings of the 3 mounting units can form an equilateral triangle, each mounting unit comprises a servo motor, a motor shaft of the servo motor is horizontally arranged, the free end of the motor shaft is fixedly connected with the center of a gear, teeth of the gear are meshed with teeth of a rotating wheel, and a telescopic first drilling tool clamp is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the rotating wheel.

The first drilling tool clamp in the installation unit consists of a plurality of arc clamping pieces and arc groove bases which are arranged up and down, the first drilling tool clamping pieces stretch and pop out to be used for fixedly clamping the drilling tool when in operation, the rotating wheel can be guaranteed to drive the drilling tool to rotate simultaneously when in rotation, the clamping pieces shrink in the groove bases when not in operation, the drilling tool can be guaranteed to freely pass through the driving seat, and the rotating wheel is clamped through the first drilling tool clamp to drive the whole drilling tool to rotate after being driven by the servo motor and the transmission of the gears.

The positioning frame is fixedly arranged in the positioning frame, a plurality of round drilling tool positioning fixing holes are formed in the positioning frame, the connecting lines of the centers of the plurality of drilling tool positioning fixing holes can form an equilateral triangle, connecting lines of the circle centers of the plurality of drilling tool positioning fixing holes and the circle centers of the plurality of round openings of the driving seat mounting unit are respectively vertical to the ground, a telescopic second drilling tool clamp is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the drilling tool positioning fixing hole, the second drilling tool clamp in the drilling tool positioning fixing hole consists of a plurality of circular arc clamping pieces and circular arc groove bases which are arranged up and down, the drilling tool is accurately controlled to be fixed or loosened, the second drilling tool clamp stretches and pops out to be used for fixing the drilling tool when the drilling tool is not in operation, the clamping pieces can be guaranteed to freely pass through the drilling tool positioning fixing holes, meanwhile, the drilling tool positioning fixing holes can be used for limiting transverse displacement of the drilling tool so as to accurately keep the drilling tool from being vertically and downwards deflected.

The hydraulic direct-pushing drilling tool, the spiral direct-pushing drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool are vertically provided with sealing fidelity devices, the sealing fidelity devices are hollow cylinders, the sample inner pipe penetrates from the hollow part of the sealing fidelity devices and is tightly attached to the hollow part of the sealing fidelity devices to form a combined sleeve, the bottom end of the sealing fidelity devices and the bottom end of the wall of the sample inner pipe are propped against the upper part of the drill bit, so that the opening of the drill bit is matched with the hollow part of the sample inner pipe, the opening of the drill bit is the same as the cross section of the hollow part of the sample inner pipe in size, the upper ends of the sealing fidelity devices are fixedly connected with one ends of two telescopic clamping blocks, the clamping blocks are arranged in clamping grooves at corresponding positions of the inner wall of the drilling tool after being stretched, so that the drilling tool and the sealing fidelity devices are stably connected, and relative displacement can not occur in the downward drilling or rotating process, and the sample inner pipe is used for collecting soil samples in the downward drilling process.

The sealing fidelity device is combined with the sample inner tube and then longitudinally divided into a plurality of sample storage units, a hollow interlayer is arranged between the sample storage units and the sample storage units, the hollow interlayer is arranged inside the tube wall of the sealing fidelity device, a cutting sealing mechanism is arranged in the hollow interlayer, and after the soil sample collection is finished, the cutting sealing mechanism is used for cutting the sample inner tube and the soil sample inside the sample inner tube in sections and sealing the sample inner tube.

The cutting sealing mechanism comprises a guide rail assembly and a cutting sealing assembly, wherein the guide rail assembly comprises a first guide rail and a second guide rail which are symmetrically arranged in a hollow interlayer, the cutting sealing assembly comprises a first cutting sealing piece and a second cutting sealing piece which are symmetrically arranged in the hollow interlayer, the outer ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail are fixedly connected with the inner pipe wall of a sealing fidelity device, the sliding rail end of the first guide rail is connected with the fixed end of a first telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the outer side of the first cutting sealing piece, the sliding rail end of the second guide rail is connected with the fixed end of a second telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the outer side of the second cutting sealing piece, the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece can be made to move close to or far away from each other through the telescopic of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, in the relative movement process of the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece can be tightly aligned when the two blades are overlapped, and further the section sealing of a sample inner pipe is completed, so that a sample can be left in a corresponding sample storage unit.

When the sealing fidelity device and the sample inner tube are used for collecting the sample of the target soil, the following steps are adopted:

Step 1, penetrating and tightly attaching a sample inner tube from the middle of a sealing fidelity device to form a combined sleeve, and then arranging the combined sleeve in a drilling tool with a sleeve accommodating cavity and an opening at the bottom end;

step 2, enabling the drilling tool to slowly drill into target soil, wherein the soil enters from a soil collecting port of the inner tube of the sample;

Step 3, the soil sample enters from the inlet of the sample storage unit at the lowest end, and then each sample storage unit is filled up in sequence from bottom to top;

step 4, after the soil sample fills up the inside of each sample storage unit of the combined sleeve, the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod in the hollow interlayer are telescopic, so that the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece do mutual approaching movement, and further the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece cut and seal the sample inner pipe and the soil in the sample inner pipe in a sectioning way;

Step 5, after sealing is completed, extracting the drilling tool from the soil, taking out the combined casing from the drilling tool, and sequentially taking out soil samples in each sample storage unit;

the steps are used for realizing the sectional sealed storage of the soil with different depths in a plurality of sample storage units.

A storage box is arranged above the vehicle body block, a monitoring lifting table is arranged beside the storage box, the monitoring lifting table is in a hollow cylinder shape, hydraulic lifting legs are arranged at four corners under the vehicle body block, a first supporting hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the tail part of the vehicle body block, a power system box is arranged at the front end of the first supporting hydraulic cylinder, a second supporting hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the front part of the power system box, a supporting rod is arranged at the front end of the second supporting hydraulic cylinder, a drilling tool positioning fixing hole is arranged at the front end of the supporting rod, a small monitoring table is arranged at the top of the hydraulic lifting leg, and a crawler belt is arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body block;

The vision group block is installed on automobile body group block upper portion, and the vision group block includes main control protecting cover, lifting unit, little control group, and lifting unit control elevating platform is inside, and lifting unit comprises 3 sections telescopic links longitudinal arrangement, lifting unit top swivelling joint have vision to monitor the head, and main control protecting cover installation is fixed at vision and is monitored first top, and little control platform upper end swivelling joint has little control group.

A contaminated site sampling method comprising the steps of:

Starting a sampling device, activating a visual block, accurately positioning a sampling position and monitoring surrounding environment conditions (terrains, obstacles, environmental parameters and the like) through a small monitoring group, lifting a visual monitoring head, preparing for monitoring a sampling process (soil type, drilling speed, vibration frequency and the like), and ensuring that various operations accord with specifications;

step 2, the vehicle body block moves according to the visual block positioning information and is positioned above the sampling point, and the hydraulic lifting leg works to lift the equipment, so that the overall horizontal stability is ensured;

Step 3, the power system provides energy, the first supporting hydraulic cylinder and the second supporting hydraulic cylinder start to work, the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod are pushed out, meanwhile, the supporting rod supports the second hydraulic rod, the whole structure stability of the equipment is ensured, the whole power assembly is supported, the fixing frame of the power assembly is vertical to the ground, and the fixing frame corresponds to the drilling tool positioning fixing hole;

Step 4, the lifting slide block of the power assembly moves downwards along the lifting guide rail in the fixing frame, the main control assembly fixedly connected to the lifting slide block simultaneously moves downwards along with the lifting slide block, and the servo motor in the driving seat is ready to work;

Step 5, the sampling device judges the soil type and determines the sampling depth:

If the soil to be sampled is a soft clay or sand layer, using a hydraulic direct-pushing drilling tool;

If the type of the soil to be sampled is a moderate mixed soil layer, a spiral straight-pushing drilling tool is used;

If the soil type to be sampled is a hard rock stratum, using a vibrating spiral drilling tool;

if the sampling depth is smaller than the length of one drilling tool, adopting one-time sampling, and entering step 6;

If the sampling depth is greater than the length of one drilling tool, adopting rotary switching type sampling, and entering a step 7;

Step 6, judging whether multiple sampling is needed:

if multiple sampling is needed, installing two or three drilling tools, wherein the type of the drilling tools is selected according to the step 5, simultaneously taking a plurality of soil samples, sleeving the soil samples into a combined casing, and entering the step 8;

if the sampling is not needed for multiple times, a drilling tool is installed, the type of the drilling tool is selected according to the step 5, one soil sample is taken at a time, the combined casing is sleeved in, and the step 8 is started;

Step 7, selecting different drilling tools for different types of soil and different drilling depths, performing rotary switching type sampling, and performing intelligent optimization on a sampling process, taking three drilling tools for drilling (different types of drilling tools can be combined for sampling), wherein the method comprises the following substeps:

step 7-1, sleeving the inner pipe into the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool, the spiral direct-push drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool, and installing the inner pipe on a driving seat, wherein a first drilling tool clamp in the driving seat clamps the three drilling tools;

Step 7-2, the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool is driven by the power assembly to move downwards, the first drilling tool clamps of the spiral direct-push drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool are clamped in the driving seat to be loosened, the second drilling tool clamps in the drilling tool positioning fixing holes work, the spiral direct-push drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool are clamped, the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool samples soil through the drilling tool positioning fixing holes, and step 7-3 is carried out;

step 7-3, performing real-time optimization and feedback in the intelligent control system of the sampling process, comprising the following substeps:

Step 7-3-1, uploading and storing the drilling sampling condition to a state space database in real time by a sensing system in the drilling process;

7-3-2, judging whether the current soil drilling type is changed by the determiner 1, and if the soil type is changed, switching to a proper drilling tool through rotation to continue sampling;

if the soil type is not changed, continuously and iteratively optimizing parameters such as drilling speed, rotating speed, vibration frequency and the like, and entering a step 7-3-3;

Step 7-3-3, inputting the current drilling state into a state space optimization model, iteratively optimizing parameters such as drilling speed and vibration frequency, feeding back the optimized parameters to a main control assembly in a signal form, and regulating and controlling the drilling parameters by the main control assembly;

The specific optimization process is as follows, a multi-objective optimization equation is established by using the sampling device with the lowest sum of the total cost consumed C (w) and the highest sampling efficiency, namely the shortest sampling time T(s) and the smallest soil sample disturbance influence function I:

The hydraulic straight-pushing drilling tool comprises a hydraulic straight-pushing drilling tool, n=1, n=2, n=3, P _i (r, g, z) and t _i(h_i, wherein n is three types of drilling tools, n=1 is a hydraulic straight-pushing drilling tool, n=2 is a spiral straight-pushing drilling tool, n=3 is a hydraulic straight-pushing drilling tool, P _i (r, g, z) is energy cost consumed by the ith type of drilling tool in unit time, r, g, z are respectively hydraulic, spiral and vibration types, t _i(h_i) is time for drilling the ith type of drilling tool, n _i is the number of the ith type of drilling tools, q _i is unit cost of the ith type of drilling tool, I (P _r,P_g,P_z, deltaV) is a soil disturbance influence function, P _r,P_g,P_z is running power of hydraulic, spiral and vibration, and min DeltaV is the minimum volume change of soil body before and after sampling;

Constraint conditions of the optimization model are as follows:

htotal is the target sampling total depth;

t _i(h_i)≤t_i(h_i)_m,t_i(h_i)_m is the time taken for the ith type of drilling tool to drill at rated power;

The rated operating power of hydraulic pressure, spiral and vibration respectively;

the method for solving the optimization model may not be limited to a plurality of algorithms including a multi-objective particle swarm algorithm;

7-4, after the sampling is finished, lifting the power assembly to an initial position, taking out a sample, then working a first drill clamp in the driving seat, clamping the spiral direct-pushing drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool, loosening a corresponding second drill clamp in the drilling tool positioning and fixing hole, continuously lifting the power assembly until all the drilling tools are separated from the drilling tool positioning and fixing hole, taking out a soil sample in the hydraulic direct-pushing drilling tool, reinstalling the drilling tools to the driving seat, working a rotating shaft under the main control assembly, and driving the driving seat to rotate, so that the spiral direct-pushing drilling tool is used for aligning the hole sites after the drilling tool sampling;

7-5, the spiral direct-pushing drilling tool is driven by the power assembly to move downwards, meanwhile, the first drilling tool clamps for clamping the hydraulic direct-pushing drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool in the driving seat are loosened, the corresponding second drilling tool clamps in the drilling tool positioning fixing holes work, the clamping hydraulic direct-pushing drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool are clamped, the spiral direct-pushing drilling tool enters the previous sampling hole through the drilling tool positioning fixing holes, and then the second drilling tool clamps for clamping the spiral direct-pushing drilling tool in the drilling tool positioning fixing holes are loosened, so that the spiral direct-pushing drilling tool falls into the hole;

Step 7-6, lifting the power assembly until the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool are lifted to the top ends of the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool, then driving a first drilling tool clamp in the seat to work, loosening a second drilling tool clamp in the drilling tool positioning fixing hole, continuing lifting the power assembly until the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool and the vibrating spiral drilling tool are separated from the drilling tool positioning fixing hole, then driving a rotating shaft under the main control assembly to work, and driving the driving seat to rotate, so that the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool is aligned with the spiral direct-push drilling tool;

7-7, the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool is driven by a power assembly block to move downwards, a first drilling tool clamp of the vibration spiral drilling tool is clamped inside a driving seat to be loosened, a corresponding second drilling tool clamp in a drilling tool positioning fixing hole works, the vibration spiral drilling tool is clamped, the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool is in butt joint with the top of the spiral direct-push drilling tool, the first drilling tool clamp in a butt joint rear driving seat works, a servo motor drives a rotating wheel to start working, the whole butted drilling tool starts to rotate and directly push for sampling, and the optimization process of 7-3 is carried out in the sampling process;

7-8, after sampling, lifting the power assembly, lifting the combined drilling tool, manually taking out the combined drilling tool, taking out a soil sample, replacing the soil sample with a spiral empty drilling tool with the same length as the butted drilling tool, preventing vibration from damaging the sampled soil sample, repeating the actions, butting the vibration spiral drilling tool with the empty drilling tool, controlling the sound wave generating device of the drilling tool assembly by the main control assembly to vibrate at high frequency, driving the servo motor to rotate, driving the vibration spiral drilling tool to sample deep or hard rock, and performing the optimization process of the 7-3 in the sampling process;

step 7-9, judging whether a new drilling tool needs to be replaced and installed when the drilling tool is switched every time of rotation:

if the drilling tool needs to be replaced, a new empty drilling tool is installed, and the steps 7-1 to 7-8 are continuously repeated;

if the drilling tool does not need to be replaced, continuing to perform rotary switching drilling sampling;

Step 7-10, judging whether the sampling depth is reached after each sampling:

if the sampling depth is reached, the step 9 is entered, and the sampling is ended;

if the sampling depth is not reached, continuing to rotate and switch the drilling tool to sample, and entering the step 7-9;

step 8, respectively mounting drilling tools on a driving seat, clamping a first drilling tool clamp in the driving seat, loosening a second drilling tool clamp in a drilling tool positioning and fixing hole, and performing one-time sampling, wherein the method comprises the following sub-steps;

step 8-1, under the action of a power assembly, the drilling tool moves downwards to sample through the drilling tool positioning and fixing hole;

Step 8-2, after sampling, the main control assembly controls and drives the yin-yang fish cutting assembly to work, and the soil sample is cut, stored and blocked;

Step 8-3, after cutting and sealing, the power assembly moves upwards, and each group of soil in the sampling inner pipe is taken out respectively to enter a step 9;

And 9, finishing sampling after the sample collection, and sending the sample to a detection center for physical and chemical property analysis.

The device for collecting the soil sample comprises a sealing fidelity device, wherein the sealing fidelity device is in a hollow cylinder shape, and a sample inner tube penetrates from the hollow part of the sealing fidelity device and is tightly attached to the hollow part of the sealing fidelity device to form a combined sleeve;

The sealing and fidelity device is combined with the sample inner tube and then longitudinally divided into a plurality of sample storage units, a hollow interlayer is arranged between the sample storage units and the sample storage units, the hollow interlayer is arranged inside the tube wall of the sealing and fidelity device, a cutting and sealing mechanism is arranged in the hollow interlayer, after the collection of the soil sample is finished, the cutting and sealing mechanism is used for sectionally cutting the sample inner tube and the soil sample inside the sample inner tube, the sample inner tube is cut into a plurality of sections, and the soil sample in each section of sample inner tube after sectionally cutting is stored in the corresponding sample storage unit.

The combined sleeve is matched with the drill bit, and specifically, the bottom end of the sealing fidelity device and the bottom end of the pipe wall of the inner pipe of the sample are propped against the upper part of the drill bit, so that an opening of the drill bit is matched with the hollow part of the inner pipe of the sample, the cross section of the opening of the drill bit is identical to that of the hollow part of the inner pipe of the sample, the upper end of the sealing fidelity device is fixedly connected with one ends of two telescopic clamping blocks, the clamping blocks are arranged in clamping grooves at corresponding positions of the inner wall of the drilling tool after being stretched, the drilling tool is stably connected with the sealing fidelity device, relative displacement cannot occur in the downward drilling or rotating process, and the inner pipe of the sample is used for collecting soil samples in the downward drilling process of the drilling tool.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

1) The multifunctional sampling technology is that the power assembly is integrated with a hydraulic direct-push drilling tool, a spiral direct-push drilling tool and a vibration spiral drilling tool, can meet the sampling requirements of different soil properties and depths, and can be combined with different types of drilling tools according to the sampling requirements. The hydraulic straight-pushing drilling tool is suitable for softer soil, the spiral straight-pushing drilling tool is suitable for medium-hardness soil, the vibration spiral drilling tool can effectively sample hard rock stratum, the applicability and the efficiency of the sampling device are improved, three samples can be sampled simultaneously, and the sampling efficiency and the operation safety are greatly improved;

2) High-fidelity sampling, namely, by using the method of inner pipe layered cutting, sealing and sampling, the equipment can realize high-efficiency sampling of soil, and the original state of the soil sample is maintained during lifting. The method is particularly suitable for high-fidelity sampling of the polluted site, effectively prevents volatilization of organic pollutants and ensures real reflection of the distribution and concentration of the pollutants.

3) The accurate sampling capability is that the matched vision block and monitoring system can realize accurate monitoring and positioning of sampling positions and surrounding environments through the main monitoring protecting cover, the lifting assembly and the small monitoring group, ensure the accuracy of sampling points, improve the reliability of sampling data, and simultaneously ensure that a drilling tool is not deflected in the sampling process by the positioning frame;

4) The intelligent and modularized power assembly comprises a driving seat, a lifting sliding block, a main control assembly and a hydraulic rod, wherein the movement and the positioning of a drilling tool can be accurately controlled through an automatic mechanical structure, manual operation is greatly reduced, an intelligent system optimizes the sampling process in real time, and the intelligent and modularized power assembly device can be independently replaced and maintained and can be flexibly adjusted according to different sampling requirements.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle body according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a visual block configuration in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a drill string according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a power pack configuration in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the driving seat of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a driver seat according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a mounting unit for a driving seat according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hollow spiral drilling tool, seal fidelity apparatus and sample inner tube of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the inner tube structure of the drilling tool of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of FIG. 10 at B;

FIG. 12 is a transverse cross-sectional view of structure 34 of FIG. 9;

FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a sampling method according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a flow chart of intelligent optimization of the sampling process according to the present invention;

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, the high-fidelity sampling device for the polluted site comprises a vehicle body assembly 1, wherein a power assembly 4 is installed on the vehicle body assembly 1, and the power assembly 4 comprises a driving seat 401, a rotating shaft 402, a lifting sliding block 403, a main control assembly 404, a fixing frame 405, a winch 406, a mast 407, a first hydraulic rod 408, a second hydraulic rod 409 and a lifting guide rail 410;

As shown in fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, a first hydraulic rod 408 and a second hydraulic rod 409 are obliquely arranged on the vehicle body block 1, the lower ends of the first hydraulic rod 408 and the second hydraulic rod 409 are connected with a bracket of the vehicle body block 1 through a first supporting hydraulic cylinder 104 and a second supporting hydraulic cylinder 105, the upper ends of the first hydraulic rod 408 and the second hydraulic rod 409 are fixedly connected with a fixing bracket 405, a winch 406 and a mast 407 are arranged at the top of the fixing bracket 405, the bottom end of the mast 407 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the fixing bracket 405, the winches 406 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top end of the fixing bracket 405, steel wire ropes are arranged in the winches 406 and are in sliding connection with pulley blocks which are fixedly arranged on the mast 406, lifting guide rails 410 are arranged in the fixing bracket 405, one end of a main control assembly 404 is fixedly connected with the free ends of the lifting guide rails 410, the other end of the main control assembly 404 is fixedly connected with the upper end of a vertically arranged rotating shaft 402, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 402 is rotatably connected with the upper end of a driving seat 401.

The power assembly 4 is connected with the drilling tool assembly 3, and the drilling tool assembly 3 comprises one or more of a hydraulic straight-pushing drilling tool 302, a spiral straight-pushing drilling tool 303 and a vibration spiral drilling tool 304;

As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the drilling tool is fixed on a driving seat 401 through a first drilling tool clamp 44, the driving seat 401 is horizontally arranged, the middle of the upper end of the driving seat 401 is rotatably connected with the bottom end of a rotating shaft 402 which is vertically arranged, the driving seat 401 comprises 3 mounting units for mounting a hydraulic straight-pushing drilling tool 302, a spiral straight-pushing drilling tool 303 and a vibration spiral drilling tool 304, each mounting unit comprises an internal circular opening, the connecting line of the centers of the circular openings of the 3 mounting units can form an equilateral triangle, each mounting unit comprises a servo motor 41, the motor shaft of the servo motor 41 is horizontally arranged, the free end of the motor shaft is fixedly connected with the center of a gear 42, teeth of the gear 42 are meshed with teeth of a rotating wheel 43, and a telescopic first drilling tool clamp 44 is mounted and fixed on the inner wall of the rotating wheel 43.

The first drilling tool clamp 44 in the mounting unit consists of a plurality of arc clamping pieces and arc groove bases which are arranged up and down, when in operation, the first drilling tool clamping pieces stretch and pop out to be used for fixing and clamping the drilling tool, so that the rotating wheel 43 can drive the drilling tool to rotate simultaneously when in rotation, the clamping pieces shrink in the groove bases when not in operation, the drilling tool can pass through the driving seat 401 freely, and the rotating wheel 43 is clamped by the first drilling tool clamp 44 to drive the whole drilling tool to rotate after being driven by the servo motor 41 and driven by the gear 42.

The vehicle body group block 1 is provided with a positioning frame 111 at one side and below the drilling tool module 3, a positioning frame 112 is fixedly arranged in the positioning frame 111, a plurality of circular drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 are formed in the positioning frame 112, connecting lines of the centers of the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 can form an equilateral triangle, connecting lines of the centers of the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 and the centers of the circular openings of the driving seat 401 mounting unit are perpendicular to the ground, a telescopic second drilling tool clamp is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109, the second drilling tool clamp in the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 is composed of a plurality of circular arc clamping pieces and circular arc groove bases which are arranged up and down, drilling tool fixing or loosening is accurately controlled, the second drilling tool clamp stretches and pops up to fix the drilling tool, the clamping pieces shrink in the groove bases when the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 are not in operation, the drilling tool can be guaranteed to freely pass through the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109, and meanwhile in the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 can be accurately kept to be vertically and downwards without deflection by limiting transverse displacement of the drilling tool.

As shown in fig. 9,10 and 11, the hydraulic straight-pushing drilling tool 302, the spiral straight-pushing drilling tool 303 and the vibration spiral drilling tool 304 are vertically provided with a sealing fidelity device 31, the sealing fidelity device 31 is in a hollow cylinder shape, the sample inner tube 33 penetrates from the hollow part of the sealing fidelity device 31 and is tightly attached to the hollow part to form a combined sleeve, the bottom end of the sealing fidelity device 31 and the bottom end of the wall of the sample inner tube 33 are abutted to the upper part of the drill 301, so that the opening of the drill 301 is matched with the hollow part of the sample inner tube 33, the opening of the drill 301 is the same as the cross section of the hollow part of the sample inner tube 33 in size, the upper end of the sealing fidelity device 31 is fixedly connected with one ends of two telescopic clamping blocks 30, the clamping blocks 30 are arranged in clamping grooves at corresponding positions of the inner walls of the drilling tool after being stretched, so that the drilling tool is stably connected with the sealing fidelity device 31, and the relative displacement cannot occur in the downward drilling or rotating process, and the sample inner tube 33 is used for collecting soil samples in the downward drilling process.

The sealing fidelity device 31 and the sample inner tube 33 are combined and then longitudinally divided into a plurality of sample storage units 311, a hollow interlayer 34 is arranged between the sample storage units, the hollow interlayer 34 is arranged inside a tube wall 35 of the sealing fidelity device 31, a cutting sealing mechanism is arranged in the hollow interlayer 34, and after the soil sample collection is finished, the cutting sealing mechanism is used for cutting the sample inner tube 33 and the soil sample inside the sample inner tube in a segmented mode and sealing and storing the soil sample.

As shown in FIG. 12, the cutting and sealing mechanism comprises a guide rail assembly 37 and a cutting and sealing assembly, wherein the guide rail assembly 37 comprises a first guide rail and a second guide rail which are symmetrically arranged in a hollow interlayer 34, the cutting and sealing assembly comprises a first cutting sealing piece and a second cutting sealing piece which are symmetrically arranged in the hollow interlayer 34, the outer ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail are fixedly connected with the inner pipe wall 35 of the sealing and fidelity device 31, the sliding rail end of the first guide rail is connected with the fixed end of a first telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the outer side of the first cutting sealing piece, the sliding rail end of the second guide rail is connected with the fixed end of a second telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the outer side of the second cutting sealing piece, the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece can be made to move close to or far away from each other through the telescopic rods, and in the relative movement process of the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece can be tightly aligned when the two blades are overlapped, and further the inner pipe is made to seal the sample in a segment mode, and the sample is reserved in a corresponding sample storage unit.

When the seal fidelity device 31 and the sample inner tube 33 are used for collecting the sample of the target soil, the following steps are adopted:

Step 1, penetrating and tightly attaching a sample inner tube 33 from the middle of a seal fidelity device 31 to form a combined sleeve, and then arranging the combined sleeve in a drilling tool with a sleeve accommodating cavity and an opening at the bottom end;

Step 2, enabling the drilling tool to slowly drill into target soil, wherein the soil enters from a soil collecting port of the sample inner pipe 33;

Step3, the soil sample enters from the inlet of the sample storage unit 311 at the lowest end, and then fills each sample storage unit 311 from bottom to top in sequence;

step 4, after the soil sample fills the inside of each sample storage unit 311 of the combined sleeve, the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod in the hollow interlayer 34 are telescopic, so that the first cutting sealing sheet and the second cutting sealing sheet perform the mutual approaching movement, and further the first cutting sealing sheet and the second cutting sealing sheet cut and seal the sample inner tube 33 and the soil inside the sample inner tube in a segmented manner =

Step 5, after the sealing is completed, the drilling tool is extracted from the soil, the combined casing is taken out from the drilling tool, and the soil samples in each sample storage unit 311 are sequentially taken out;

the above steps realize the sectional sealed storage of soil with different depths in the plurality of sample storage units 311.

A storage box 101 is arranged above the vehicle body assembly 1, a monitoring lifting table 103 is arranged beside the storage box 101, the monitoring lifting table 103 is in a hollow cylinder shape, hydraulic lifting legs 102 are arranged at the lower four corners of the vehicle body assembly 1, a first supporting hydraulic cylinder 104 is arranged at the tail part of the vehicle body assembly 1, a power system box 110 is arranged at the front end of the first supporting hydraulic cylinder 104, a second supporting hydraulic cylinder 105 is arranged at the front part of the power system box 110, a supporting rod 106 is arranged at the front end of the second supporting hydraulic cylinder 105, a drilling tool positioning fixing hole 109 is arranged at the front end of the supporting rod 106, a small monitoring table 107 is arranged at the top part 102 of the hydraulic lifting legs, and a crawler belt 108 is arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body assembly 1;

The vision group block 2 is installed on automobile body group block 1 upper portion, and vision group block 2 includes main control protecting cover 201, lifting unit 202, little control group 203, and lifting unit 202 control elevating platform 103 is inside, and lifting unit 202 comprises 3 sections telescopic links longitudinal arrangement, and lifting unit 202 top swivelling joint has vision to monitor first 204, and main control protecting cover 201 installs and fixes at vision monitoring first 204 top, and little control platform 107 upper end swivelling joint has little control group 203.

The invention also provides a polluted site sampling method, which comprises the following steps:

Step 1, starting a sampling device, activating a vision block 2, accurately positioning a sampling position and monitoring surrounding environment conditions (terrains, obstacles, environmental parameters and the like) through a small monitoring group 203, lifting a vision monitoring head 204, preparing for monitoring a sampling process (soil type, drilling speed, vibration frequency and the like), and ensuring that various operations accord with specifications;

Step 2, the vehicle body block 1 moves according to the positioning information of the vision block 2, is positioned above the sampling point, and the hydraulic lifting legs 102 work to lift the equipment, so that the overall horizontal stability is ensured;

Step 3, the power system provides energy, the first supporting hydraulic cylinder 104 and the second supporting hydraulic cylinder 105 start to work, the first hydraulic rod 408 and the second hydraulic rod 409 are pushed out, meanwhile, the supporting rod 106 supports the second hydraulic rod 409, the whole structure of the equipment is ensured to be stable, the whole power assembly 4 is supported, the fixing frame 405 of the power assembly 4 is vertical to the ground, and the fixing frame is ensured to correspond to the drilling tool positioning fixing hole 109;

Step 4, the lifting slide block 403 of the power module 4 moves downwards along the lifting guide rail 410 in the fixed frame 405, the main control component 404 fixedly connected to the lifting slide block 403 simultaneously moves downwards along with the lifting slide block, and the servo motor 41 in the driving seat 401 is ready to work;

Step 6, judging whether multiple sampling is needed:

Constraint conditions of the optimization model are as follows:

htotal is the target sampling total depth;

Step 7-10, judging whether the sampling depth is reached after each sampling:

The invention also provides a device for collecting soil samples, which comprises a seal fidelity device 31, wherein the seal fidelity device 31 is in a hollow cylinder shape, and a sample inner tube 33 penetrates from the hollow part of the seal fidelity device 31 and is tightly attached to the hollow part of the seal fidelity device to form a combined sleeve;

The sealing fidelity device 31 and the sample inner tube 33 are combined and then longitudinally divided into a plurality of sample storage units 311, a hollow interlayer 34 is arranged between the sample storage units, the hollow interlayer 34 is arranged inside a tube wall 35 of the sealing fidelity device 31, a cutting sealing mechanism is arranged in the hollow interlayer 34, after the soil sample collection is finished, the cutting sealing mechanism is used for sectionally cutting the sample inner tube 33 and the soil sample inside the sample inner tube 33, the sample inner tube 33 is cut into a plurality of sections, and the soil sample in each section of sample inner tube after sectionally cutting is stored in the corresponding sample storage unit 311.

The cutting and sealing mechanism comprises a guide rail assembly 37 and a cutting and sealing assembly, wherein the guide rail assembly 37 comprises a first guide rail and a second guide rail which are symmetrically arranged in a hollow interlayer 34, the cutting and sealing assembly comprises a first cutting sealing piece and a second cutting sealing piece which are symmetrically arranged in the hollow interlayer 34, the outer ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail are fixedly connected with the inner pipe wall 35 of the sealing and fidelity device 31, the sliding rail end of the first guide rail is connected with the fixed end of a first telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the outer side of the first cutting sealing piece, the sliding rail end of the second guide rail is connected with the fixed end of a second telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the outer side of the second cutting sealing piece, the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece can be made to be mutually close to or far away, in the relative movement process of the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece, when the two blades are overlapped, the tight alignment can be achieved, and further the section sealing of the inner pipe 33 of a sample is completed, and the corresponding sample is left in a sample storage unit 311.

Step 4, after the soil sample fills up the inside of each sample storage unit 311 of the combined sleeve, the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod in the hollow interlayer 34 are telescopic, so that the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece are moved close to each other, and then the first cutting sealing piece and the second cutting sealing piece cut and seal the sample inner pipe 33 and the soil in the sample inner pipe in a segmented manner;

The combined sleeve is matched with a drill bit, specifically, the bottom end of a sealing fidelity device 31 and the bottom end of the pipe wall of a sample inner pipe 33 are propped against the upper part of the drill bit 301, so that the opening of the drill bit 301 is matched with the hollow part of the sample inner pipe 33, the cross section of the opening of the drill bit 301 is the same as the cross section of the hollow part of the sample inner pipe 33, the upper end of the sealing fidelity device 31 is fixedly connected with one ends of two telescopic clamping blocks 30, the clamping blocks 30 are arranged in clamping grooves at corresponding positions of the inner wall of a drilling tool after being stretched, the drilling tool is stably connected with the sealing fidelity device 31, the relative displacement is prevented in the downward drilling or rotating process, and the sample inner pipe 33 is used for collecting soil samples of the drilling tool in the downward drilling process.

Examples:

The high-fidelity sampling device for the polluted site comprises a vehicle body assembly 1, wherein a power assembly 4 is arranged on the vehicle body assembly 1, and the power assembly 4 comprises a driving seat 401, a rotating shaft 402, a lifting slide block 403, a main control assembly 404, a fixing frame 405, a winch 406, a mast 407, a first hydraulic rod 408, a second hydraulic rod 409 and a lifting guide rail 410;

A first supporting hydraulic cylinder 104 and a second supporting hydraulic cylinder 105 are fixedly arranged on the vehicle body block 1; one end of a first hydraulic rod 408 and one end of a second hydraulic rod 409 are in sliding connection with the first supporting hydraulic cylinder 104 and the second supporting hydraulic cylinder 105, the other end of the first hydraulic rod 408 is hinged with a first hinge support on one side of the fixed frame 405 through a transverse pin, the other end of the second hydraulic rod 409 is hinged with a second hinge support on one side of the fixed frame 405 through a transverse pin, and when the drilling machine works, the first hydraulic rod 408 and the second hydraulic rod 409 are respectively pushed upwards by the first supporting hydraulic cylinder 104 and the second supporting hydraulic cylinder 105 obliquely and then are transmitted to the fixed frame 405, so that the fixed frame 405 is integrally erected and is perpendicular to the ground, and the first hydraulic rod 408 and the second hydraulic rod 409 are obliquely kept in a fastening state after the fixed frame 405 is erected, so that the fixed frame 405 can be firmly supported and the stability of the drilling process can be ensured; the top of the fixing frame 405 is provided with a winch 406 and a mast 407, after sampling, the winch 406 can provide upward power to stably lift a drilling tool under the ground through a pulley block, a guide wheel and a steel wire rope on the mast 407, the fixing frame 405 is internally provided with a lifting guide rail 410, the lifting guide rail 410 is slidingly connected with the lifting guide rail 403, the main control component 404 is fixedly connected with the lifting guide rail 403, the main control component 404 mainly comprises a CPU main control board, the operation of the whole system is controlled through signal transmission and feedback of the components of the device, the lower end of the main control component 404 is fixedly connected with the upper end of a rotating shaft 402 which is vertically arranged, the middle part of the upper end of a driving seat 401 is rotationally connected with the bottom end of the rotating shaft 402 through a circular flange type bearing seat and a circular rolling bearing, a circular groove is reserved in the center of the upper end of the driving seat, the bearing seat is horizontally fixed in the driving seat through bolts, the rolling bearing is arranged in the bearing seat;

The power assembly 4 is connected with the drilling assembly 3, the drilling assembly 3 comprises a drill bit 301, a hydraulic straight pushing drilling tool 302, a spiral straight pushing drilling tool 303 and a vibration spiral drilling tool 304, the hydraulic straight pushing drilling tool 302, the spiral straight pushing drilling tool 303 and the vibration spiral drilling tool 304 are all installed and fixed on a driving seat 401 through a first drilling clamp 44, the vibration spiral drilling tool 304 is required to be carried with a sound wave generating device 3041 before each use, the upper end of the sound wave generating device 3041 is installed at the lower end of a circular opening of the driving seat 401 through threaded connection, the vibration spiral drilling tool 303 penetrates through the hollow part of the sound wave generating device 3041, an annular sound wave transmitter which is horizontally arranged is installed and fixed in the lower end of the sound wave generating device 3041, the drilling tool penetrates through the sound wave transmitter and is in clearance fit with the sound wave transmitter, vibration waves generated by the vibrator inside the sound wave generating device 3041 are downwards transmitted to the drilling tool through the sound wave transmitting device, resonance is generated when the vibration waves are overlapped with natural resonance frequencies of the drilling tool, energy is transmitted to the drilling tool, and the drilling tool can be efficiently drilled into a hard soil layer, and the drill bit 301 is installed and fixed on the lower end of the hydraulic straight pushing drilling tool 303 and the vibration spiral drilling tool.

The driving seat 401 is horizontally arranged, the middle of the upper end of the driving seat 401 is rotatably connected with the bottom end of a rotating shaft 402 which is vertically arranged, the driving seat 401 comprises 3 mounting units for mounting a hydraulic straight-pushing drilling tool 302, a spiral straight-pushing drilling tool 303 and a vibration spiral drilling tool 304, the types of the mounted drilling tools can be combined at will according to sampling requirements and geological conditions, the mounting units comprise internal circular openings, connecting lines of the centers of the circular openings of the 3 mounting units can form an equilateral triangle, each mounting unit comprises a servo motor 41, a motor shaft of the servo motor 41 is horizontally arranged, the free end of the motor shaft is fixedly connected with the center of a gear 42, teeth of the gear 42 are meshed with the teeth of the rotating wheel 43, a telescopic first drilling tool clamp 44 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the rotating wheel 43, the first drilling tool clamp 44 in one mounting unit is formed by 4 circular arc clamping pieces and circular arc groove bases which are vertically arranged, the first drilling tool clamp pieces stretch out to fixedly clamp the drilling tools when in operation, the rotating clamping jaws can be guaranteed to simultaneously drive the drilling tools to rotate when the rotating, the rotating wheels 43 can be guaranteed to shrink in the groove bases when the rotating, the drilling tools can freely drive the drilling tools to pass through the gear 43 and the driving clamp the whole drilling tools to be driven by the first clamping tool clamp 44 through the gear 43.

The positioning frame 111 is arranged on one side of the vehicle body group block 1 and positioned below the drilling tool module 3, the positioning frame 112 is fixedly arranged in the positioning frame 111, 3 circular drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109,3 are formed in the positioning frame 112, the connecting lines of the centers of the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 can form an equilateral triangle, the connecting lines of the centers of the 3 drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 and the centers of the 3 circular openings of the driving seat 401 mounting unit are respectively vertical to the ground, the telescopic second drilling tool clamps are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109, the second drilling tool clamps in one drilling tool positioning fixing hole 109 are composed of 4 circular arc clamping pieces and circular arc groove bases which are arranged up and down and are horizontally arranged, the drilling tool is accurately controlled to be fixed or relaxed, the clamping pieces are stretched and ejected out to be used for fixing the drilling tool when the drilling tool is not in operation, the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 can be ensured to freely pass through the positioning fixing holes 109, meanwhile, the drilling tool positioning fixing holes 109 can be accurately kept to be vertically and downwards not offset by limiting the transverse displacement of the drilling tool.

The hydraulic direct-pushing drilling tool 302, the spiral direct-pushing drilling tool 303 and the vibrating spiral drilling tool 304 are vertically provided with a sealing fidelity device 31, the sealing fidelity device 31 is in a hollow cylinder shape, the sample inner tube 33 penetrates from the hollow part of the sealing fidelity device 31 and is tightly attached to the hollow part to form a combined sleeve, the bottom end of the sealing fidelity device 31 and the bottom end of the wall of the sample inner tube 33 are propped against the upper part of the drill 301, so that the opening of the drill 301 is matched with the hollow part of the sample inner tube 33, the opening of the drill 301 is the same as the cross section of the hollow part of the sample inner tube 33, the upper end of the sealing fidelity device 31 is fixedly connected with one end of two telescopic clamping blocks 30, the clamping blocks 30 are stretched and then are placed in clamping grooves at corresponding positions of the inner wall of the drilling tool, so that the drilling tool is stably connected with the sealing fidelity device 31, the sealing fidelity device 31 is enabled not to generate relative displacement in the downward drilling or rotating process, the sealing fidelity device 31 and the sample inner tube 33 can be longitudinally divided into a plurality of sample storage units 311, a hollow interlayer 34 is arranged between the sample storage units and the sample storage units, the hollow interlayer 34 is arranged inside the wall 35 of the sealing fidelity device 31, the hollow interlayer 34 is arranged inside the sample inner tube 33, the sealing fidelity device, the hollow interlayer 34 is provided with a hollow interlayer 34, and a sealing soil sample storage mechanism is sealed inside the sample storage 33, and a soil sample is sealed and a sample is cut and sealed. The cutting and sealing mechanism comprises a guide rail assembly 37 and a hermaphroditic fish cutting assembly 36, and the guide rail assembly 37 is fixedly connected with the inner pipe wall 35 of the sealing fidelity device 31. One end (slide rail end) of the guide rail assembly 37 is respectively and slidably connected with one ends of two movable slide blocks 391, and is fixedly connected with one end of a fixed slide block 392, the other end of the guide rail assembly 37 is fixedly connected with a pipe wall 35, the guide rail assembly 37 is fixedly connected with two horizontal transverse rods, so that the guide rail assembly 37 can keep stable in work and ensure the movable slide block 391 to stably slide on the guide rail assembly 37, the other end of the movable slide block 391 is fixedly connected with one end of a combined telescopic rod 393, the combined telescopic rod 393 is formed by hinging two telescopic rods through pins, the other end of the combined telescopic rod 393 is fixedly connected with the non-cutting side of the male and female fish cutting assembly 36, the other end of the fixed slide block 392 is fixedly connected with one end of one horizontal telescopic rod 394, the other end of the horizontal telescopic rod 394 is fixedly connected with the non-cutting side of the male and female fish cutting assembly 36, the male and female fish cutting assembly 36 is of a female fish shape structure and is composed of two parts, the guide rail assembly 37, the slide blocks and the telescopic rods are controlled by a main control assembly 404, simultaneously, the two parts of the male and female fish cutting assembly 36 are driven to horizontally move centripetally in a matched manner, then the cutting sides of the two parts of the male and female fish cutting assembly 36 are butted, and the cutting sides of the two parts of the female fish cutting assembly 36 are combined, and the female fish cutting assembly are sealed and a hollow tube 33 is sealed and stored in a sealed space;

when the soil sample collector works, the following steps are adopted:

Step 1), penetrating and tightly attaching a sample inner tube 33 from the middle of a seal fidelity device 31 to form a combined sleeve, and then arranging the combined sleeve in a drilling tool with a sleeve accommodating cavity and an opening at the bottom end;

step 2) enabling the drilling tool to slowly drill into target soil, wherein the soil can enter from a soil collecting port of the inner tube 33 of the sample;

Step 3) the soil sample enters from the inlet of the sample storage unit 311 at the lowest end, and then fills each sample storage unit 311 from bottom to top in sequence;

Step 4) after the soil sample fills up the inside of each sample storage unit 311 of the combined sleeve, the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod in the hollow interlayer 34 are telescopic, so that the two parts of the male and female fish cutting assembly 36 move close to each other, and the inner tube 33 of the sample and the soil in the inner tube are cut and sealed in a segmented manner;

step 5) after the sealing is completed, the drilling tool is pulled out of the soil, the combined sleeve is taken out from the drilling tool, the soil samples in the sample storage units 311 are sequentially taken out, the monitoring sensor 38 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the yin-yang fish cutting assembly 36, the temperature, the humidity, the oxygen concentration, the pressure and the like of the soil samples of each sample storage unit 311 can be monitored by the sensor after the cutting and displayed on the monitoring display screen 32, the monitoring display screen 32 is elliptical, is arranged on the outer surface of each sample storage unit 311, and can display the environment monitoring condition of the soil samples in real time.

A storage box 101 is arranged above the vehicle body assembly 1, a monitoring lifting table 103 is arranged beside the storage box 101, the monitoring lifting table 103 is in a hollow cylinder shape, hydraulic lifting legs 102 are arranged at the lower four corners of the vehicle body assembly 1, a first supporting hydraulic cylinder 104 is arranged at the tail part of the vehicle body assembly 1, a power system box 110 is arranged at the front end of the first supporting hydraulic cylinder 104, a second supporting hydraulic cylinder 105 is arranged at the front part of the power system box 110, a supporting rod 106 is arranged at the front end of the second supporting hydraulic cylinder 105, a drilling tool positioning fixing hole 109 is arranged at the front end of the supporting rod 106, a small monitoring table 107 is arranged at the top part 102 of the hydraulic lifting legs, and a crawler 108 is arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body assembly 1;

The device and the method are adopted to carry out detailed investigation on polluted hydrogeology of a pollution site of a certain waste oil storage station in Beijing, the waste time of the site exceeds ten years, the underground soil layer condition is mainly a silty clay-sandy silty soil-pebble layer, the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants are subjected to dominant penetration along a petroleum pipeline, the preliminary estimated penetration depth of geophysical exploration is approximately 30 meters, detailed investigation is required, the volatility of petroleum hydrocarbon is considered, the original properties of a sample are difficult to be ensured not to be interfered by a conventional sampling device, and the high-fidelity sampling device and the sampling method are adopted to sample the stratum within 0-30 m.

The specifications of the main elements of the adopted high-fidelity sampling device are shown in table 1:

Element	Model/brand
		Power supply	Mitsubishi R61P
Pressure sensor	PT4624
		Temperature sensor	ZRN-WZP-P
Motor with a motor housing	MR-J4-700B+HG-SR702BJ
		CPU main control board	6SR0900-0CB00-0AM0/GH180
Transmission shaft	ELBE double-joint transmission shaft 0.500
		Winding engine	Shunan Dafang (Chinese Bodhisattva herb)
Hydraulic cylinder	YOZECE
		Vehicle-mounted cradle head camera	LY-TW10640
Vibrating spiral drilling tool	Shandong auspicious constant (diameter custom according to the demands)
		Straight pushing drilling tool	Macro coal (diameter custom made according to the demands)
Drill bit	M22/Nanning iron complex

The analysis and detection results of the part of the collected soil sample (soil layer depth 0-30 m) for the polluted site are shown in Table 2, namely, clay layer

Sand layer

Pebble layer

The soil sample and sampling result collected by the device are evaluated through physicochemical property analysis, the compression rate is smaller, the cross contamination rate of the sample and the sampling loss rate of VOCs are both about 5%, and the effect is better. The result shows that the device has the characteristics of stable physical structure, good sampling tightness and high fidelity, and simultaneously proves the applicability and flexibility of the sampling device and the method in various polluted stratum of complex polluted sites.

Claims

1. A high-fidelity sampling device for contaminated sites, characterized in that: it comprises a vehicle body assembly (1), a power assembly (4) is installed on the vehicle body assembly (1), and the power assembly (4) comprises a drive seat (401), a rotating shaft (402), a lifting slide block (403), a main control component (404), a fixing frame (405), a winch (406), a mast (407), a first hydraulic rod (408), a second hydraulic rod (409), and a lifting guide rail (410);

A first hydraulic rod (408) and a second hydraulic rod (409) are obliquely arranged on the vehicle body assembly (1); the lower ends of the first hydraulic rod (408) and the second hydraulic rod (409) are connected to a bracket of the vehicle body assembly (1) via a first supporting hydraulic cylinder (104) and a second supporting hydraulic cylinder (105); the upper ends of the first hydraulic rod (408) and the second hydraulic rod (409) are fixedly connected to a fixed frame (405); a winch (406) and a mast (407) are arranged on the top of the fixed frame (405); the bottom end of the mast (407) is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed frame (405); the winch (406) and the mast (407) are fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed frame (405); ) are installed and fixed on both sides of the top of the fixed frame (405), a wire rope is arranged inside the winch (406), and the wire rope is slidably connected to a pulley block installed and fixed on the mast (406), a lifting guide rail (410) is installed inside the fixed frame (405), and a lifting slider (403) is slidably connected to the lifting guide rail (410), one end of the main control component (404) is fixedly connected to the free end of the lifting slider (403), and the other end of the main control component (404) is fixedly connected to the upper end of a vertically arranged rotating shaft (402), and the lower end of the rotating shaft (402) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the driving seat (401).

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power block (4) is connected to the drilling tool block (3), and the drilling tool block (3) includes one or more of a hydraulic direct-push drilling tool (302), a spiral direct-push drilling tool (303), and a vibrating spiral drilling tool (304);

The drilling tool is fixed on the driving seat (401) through a first drilling tool clamp (44); the driving seat (401) is arranged horizontally, and the middle part of the upper end of the driving seat (401) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of a vertically arranged rotating shaft (402); the driving seat (401) includes three installation units for installing a hydraulic direct-push drilling tool (302), a spiral direct-push drilling tool (303), and a vibrating spiral drilling tool (304); the installation unit includes an internal circular opening, and the connecting line of the centers of the circular openings of the three installation units can form an equilateral triangle; each installation unit includes a servo motor (41); the motor shaft of the servo motor (41) is arranged horizontally, and the free end of the motor shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the gear (42); the teeth of the gear (42) are meshed with the teeth of the rotating wheel (43), and the inner wall of the rotating wheel (43) is fixedly installed with a retractable first drilling tool clamp (44).

3. The device according to claim 2 is characterized in that the first drill tool clamp (44) in the installation unit is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped clips and an arc-shaped groove base arranged vertically. When working, the first drill tool clamp is extended and popped out to fix and clamp the drill tool, which can ensure that the rotating wheel (43) can simultaneously drive the rotation of the drill tool when rotating. When the clamp is not working, it shrinks in the groove base to ensure that the drill tool can freely pass through the drive seat (401); after being driven by the servo motor (41) and the gear (42), the rotating wheel (43) is clamped by the first drill tool clamp (44) to drive the entire drill tool to rotate.

4. The device according to claim 1 is characterized in that a positioning frame (111) is provided on one side of the vehicle body block (1) and below the drilling tool module (3), a positioning frame (112) is fixedly provided inside the positioning frame (111), a plurality of circular drilling tool positioning and fixing holes (109) are provided on the positioning frame (112), a line connecting the centers of the plurality of drilling tool positioning and fixing holes (109) can form an equilateral triangle, and lines connecting the centers of the plurality of drilling tool positioning and fixing holes (109) and the centers of the plurality of circular openings of the drive seat (401) mounting unit respectively corresponding to each other are perpendicular to the ground; the drilling tool positioning and fixing holes ( A retractable second drill tool clamp is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill tool positioning and fixing hole (109), and the second drill tool clamp in the drill tool positioning and fixing hole (109) is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped clamping pieces arranged up and down and an arc-shaped groove base, which accurately controls the fixing or loosening of the drill tool; when working, the second drill tool clamp is extended and popped out to fix the drill tool, and when not working, the clamping piece is retracted in the groove base, which can ensure that the drill tool can freely pass through the drill tool positioning and fixing hole (109). At the same time, during the drilling process, the drill tool passes through the drill tool positioning and fixing hole (109), and the drill tool positioning and fixing hole (109) can accurately keep the drill tool vertically downward without deviation by limiting the lateral displacement of the drill tool.

5. The device according to claim 2 is characterized in that a sealing and fidelity device (31) is vertically arranged inside the hydraulic direct-push drilling tool (302), the spiral direct-push drilling tool (303), and the vibrating spiral drilling tool (304), and the sealing and fidelity device (31) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the sample inner tube (33) is inserted into the hollow part of the sealing and fidelity device (31) and fits tightly therewith to form a combined casing; the bottom end of the sealing and fidelity device (31) and the bottom end of the wall of the sample inner tube (33) are against the top of the drill bit (301), so that the drill bit (301) ) is aligned with the hollow part of the sample inner tube (33), and the opening of the drill bit (301) is the same size as the cross-section of the hollow part of the sample inner tube (33); the upper end of the sealing and fidelity device (31) is fixedly connected to one end of two retractable clamping blocks (30), and the clamping blocks (30) are arranged in the corresponding positions of the inner wall of the drill tool after being extended, so that the drill tool and the sealing and fidelity device (31) are stably connected, ensuring that no relative displacement occurs during downward drilling or rotation; the sample inner tube (33) is used for collecting soil samples when the drill tool is drilling downward.

6. The device according to claim 5 is characterized in that after the sealing and fidelity device (31) is combined with the sample inner tube (33), it can be divided into multiple sample storage units (311) in the longitudinal direction, and a hollow interlayer (34) is provided between the sample storage units, and the hollow interlayer (34) is arranged inside the tube wall (35) of the sealing and fidelity device (31), and a cutting and sealing mechanism is provided in the hollow interlayer (34). After the soil sample is collected, the cutting and sealing mechanism cuts the sample inner tube (33) and the soil sample inside it into sections and seals them for storage.

7. The device according to claim 6 is characterized in that the cutting and sealing mechanism includes a guide rail assembly (37) and a cutting and sealing assembly, the guide rail assembly (37) includes a first guide rail and a second guide rail symmetrically arranged in the hollow interlayer (34); the cutting and sealing assembly includes a first cutting sealing sheet and a second cutting sealing sheet in the hollow interlayer (34), the outer ends of the symmetrically arranged first guide rail and the second guide rail are fixedly connected to the inner tube wall (35) of the sealing and fidelity device (31), the sliding rail end of the first guide rail is connected to the fixed end of the first telescopic rod, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the first cutting sealing sheet. The outer side of the sealing sheet is fixedly connected; the sliding rail end of the second guide rail is connected to the fixed end of the second telescopic rod, and the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second cutting sealing sheet; through the extension and retraction of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, the first cutting sealing sheet and the second cutting sealing sheet can move towards or away from each other. During the relative movement of the two, the first cutting sealing sheet and the second cutting sealing sheet complete the cutting of the soil. When the two blades overlap, they can be closely aligned, thereby completing the segmented sealing of the sample inner tube (33), so that the soil sample remains in the corresponding sample storage unit (311).

8. The device according to claim 7 is characterized in that when the sealing and fidelity device (31) and the sample inner tube (33) are used to collect samples of the target soil, the following steps are adopted:

Step 1: insert the sample inner tube (33) through the middle of the sealing and fidelity device (31) and fit it tightly to form a combined casing, and then place the combined casing in a drilling tool with a casing accommodating cavity and an opening at the bottom;

Step 2: The drill bit slowly drills into the target soil, and the soil enters from the soil collection port of the sample inner tube (33);

Step 3: The soil sample enters from the inlet of the lowest sample storage unit (311), and then fills each sample storage unit (311) from bottom to top;

Step 4: After the soil sample fills the interior of each sample storage unit (311) of the combined sleeve, the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod inside the hollow interlayer (34) are extended and retracted, so that the first cutting sealing sheet and the second cutting sealing sheet move toward each other, thereby causing the first cutting sealing sheet and the second cutting sealing sheet to cut the sample inner tube (33) and the soil inside thereof and seal them in sections;

Step 5: After the sealing is completed, the drill tool is pulled out from the soil, the combined casing is taken out from the drill tool, and the soil samples in each sample storage unit (311) are taken out in sequence;

The above steps realize segmented sealed storage of soil at different depths in a plurality of sample storage units (311).

9. The device according to claim 1 is characterized in that a storage box (101) is arranged above the vehicle body block (1), a monitoring lifting platform (103) is installed next to the storage box (101), the monitoring lifting platform (103) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, hydraulic lifting legs (102) are installed at the four lower corners of the vehicle body block (1), a first supporting hydraulic cylinder (104) is installed at the rear of the vehicle body block (1), a power system box (110) is installed at the front end of the first supporting hydraulic cylinder (104), a second supporting hydraulic cylinder (105) is installed at the front end of the power system box (110), a supporting rod (106) is installed at the front end of the second supporting hydraulic cylinder (105), a drilling tool positioning fixing hole (109) is installed at the front end of the supporting rod (106), a small monitoring platform (107) is installed on the top of the hydraulic lifting leg (102), and a crawler (108) is installed at the bottom of the vehicle body block (1);

A visual module (2) is installed on the upper part of the vehicle body module (1). The visual module (2) includes a main monitoring cover (201), a lifting assembly (202), and a small monitoring group (203). The lifting assembly (202) monitors the interior of the lifting platform (103). The lifting assembly (202) is composed of three telescopic rods arranged longitudinally. The top of the lifting assembly (202) is rotatably connected to a visual monitoring head (204). The main monitoring cover (201) is fixedly installed on the top of the visual monitoring head (204). The upper end of the small monitoring platform (107) is rotatably connected to the small monitoring group (203).

10. A method for sampling a contaminated site, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Start the sampling device, activate the visual block (2), accurately locate the sampling position and monitor the surrounding environment through the small monitoring group (203), and raise the visual monitoring head (204) to prepare for monitoring the sampling process and ensure that all operations comply with the specifications;

Step 2: The vehicle body block (1) moves according to the positioning information of the visual block (2) and is positioned above the sampling point. The hydraulic lifting legs (102) work to lift the equipment to ensure the overall horizontal stability;

Step 3: The power system provides energy, and the first supporting hydraulic cylinder (104) and the second supporting hydraulic cylinder (105) start to work, pushing out the first hydraulic rod (408) and the second hydraulic rod (409). At the same time, the supporting rod (106) supports the second hydraulic rod (409) to ensure the stability of the overall structure of the equipment and support the entire power block (4), so that the fixing frame (405) of the power block (4) is perpendicular to the ground and ensures that it corresponds to the drilling tool positioning fixing hole (109);

Step 4: The lifting slider (403) of the power block (4) moves downward along the lifting guide rail (410) in the fixed frame (405), and the main control component (404) fixedly connected to the lifting slider (403) moves downward with it at the same time, and the servo motor (41) in the drive seat (401) is ready to work;

Step 5: Sampling device determines soil type and sampling depth:

If the soil type to be sampled is soft clay or sandy soil, a hydraulic direct-push drill is used;

If the soil type to be sampled is a medium mixed soil layer, use a spiral direct push drill;

If the soil type to be sampled is hard rock, use a vibrating auger;

If the sampling depth is less than one drilling tool length, one-shot sampling is adopted and the process goes to step 6;

If the sampling depth is greater than one drill length, the rotary switching sampling method is used and the process goes to step 7;

Step 6: Determine whether multiple sampling is required:

If multiple sampling is required, install two or three drilling tools, the drilling tool type is selected according to step 5, take multiple soil samples at the same time, insert the combined casing, and proceed to step 8;

If multiple sampling is not required, install a drilling tool, the drilling tool type is selected according to step 5, take one soil sample at a time, insert it into the combined casing, and go to step 8;

Step 7: Select different drilling tools for different types of soil and different drilling depths, perform rotary switching sampling, and intelligently optimize the sampling process. Take the use of three types of drilling tools for example (different types of drilling tools can be combined for sampling), including the following sub-steps:

Step 7-1, insert the hydraulic direct-push drill, spiral direct-push drill and vibration spiral drill into the inner tube, and install them on the drive seat, and clamp the three drills with the first drill clamp inside the drive seat;

Step 7-2, the hydraulic direct-push drill moves downward under the drive of the power module, and at the same time, the first drill clamp inside the drive seat that clamps the spiral direct-push drill and the vibrating spiral drill is loosened, and the second drill clamp in the drill positioning and fixing hole works to clamp the spiral direct-push drill and the vibrating spiral drill. The hydraulic direct-push drill samples the soil through the drill positioning and fixing hole, and then enters step 7-3;

Step 7-3: Perform real-time optimization and feedback in the intelligent control system of the sampling process, including the following sub-steps:

Step 7-3-1: During the drilling process, the sensor system uploads the drilling sampling situation in real time and saves it to the state space database;

Step 7-3-2: The determiner 1 determines whether the current soil drilling type has changed. If the soil type has changed, the detector 1 switches to a suitable drilling tool by rotation to continue sampling.

If the soil type has not changed, the drilling speed, rotation speed, vibration frequency and other parameters are continuously optimized iteratively, and the process goes to step 7-3-3;

Step 7-3-3: Input the current drilling state into the state space optimization model, iteratively optimize the parameters such as drilling speed and vibration frequency, and feed back the optimized parameters to the main control component in the form of signals, and the main control component regulates the drilling parameters;

The specific optimization process is as follows: the sum of the total cost C(w) of the sampling device is the lowest, and the sampling efficiency is the highest, that is, the sampling time T(s) is the shortest and the soil sample disturbance influence function I is the smallest, and a multi-objective optimization equation is established:

Where n is one of three types of drilling tools, n=1 is hydraulic direct-push drilling tools, n=2 is spiral direct-push drilling tools, and n=3 is hydraulic direct-push drilling tools; p _i (r, g, z) is the energy cost per unit time consumed by the i-th type of drilling tools, r, g, z are hydraulic, spiral, and vibration types respectively; _ti ( _hi ) is the drilling time of the i-th type of drilling tools; _ni is the number of the i-th type of drilling tools; _qi is the unit cost of the i-th type of drilling tools; I (P _r , P _g , P _z , ΔV) is the soil disturbance influence function, P _r , P _g , P _z are the operating powers of hydraulic, spiral, and vibration respectively, and minΔV is the minimum volume change before and after soil sampling;

The constraints of the optimization model are:

htotal is the total depth of target sampling;

_ti ( _hi ) ≤ _ti ( _hi ) _m , _ti ( _hi ) _m is the drilling time of the i-th type of drilling tool at rated power;

They are the rated operating powers of hydraulic, screw and vibration respectively;

The solution method of the above optimization model is not limited to using multiple algorithms including the multi-objective particle swarm algorithm;

Step 7-4, after sampling is completed, the power block is lifted to the initial position and the sample is taken out. Then, the first drill tool clamp inside the drive seat works to clamp the spiral direct-push drill tool and the vibrating spiral drill tool. The corresponding second drill tool clamp in the drill tool positioning and fixing hole is loosened. The power block continues to lift until all drill tools are detached from the drill tool positioning and fixing hole. The soil sample in the hydraulic direct-push drill tool is taken out and the drill tool is reinstalled on the drive seat. Then, the rotating shaft under the main control component works to drive the drive seat to rotate so that the spiral direct-push drill tool is aligned with the hole position after the direct-push drill tool has taken samples.

Step 7-5, the spiral direct-push drill tool moves downward under the drive of the power assembly, and at the same time, the first drill tool clamp that clamps the hydraulic direct-push drill tool and the vibrating spiral drill tool inside the drive seat is released, and the corresponding second drill tool clamp in the drill tool positioning and fixing hole works to clamp the hydraulic direct-push drill tool and the vibrating spiral drill tool, and the spiral direct-push drill tool passes through the drill tool positioning and fixing hole into the previous sampling hole, and then the second drill tool clamp that clamps the spiral direct-push drill tool in the drill tool positioning and fixing hole is released, so that the spiral direct-push drill tool falls into the hole;

Step 7-6, the power block is lifted to the top of the hydraulic direct-push drill and the vibrating spiral drill, then the first drill clamp inside the drive seat works, the second drill clamp in the drill positioning and fixing hole is loosened, and the power block continues to be lifted until the hydraulic direct-push drill and the vibrating spiral drill are separated from the drill positioning and fixing hole, then the rotating shaft under the main control component works to drive the drive seat to rotate so that the hydraulic direct-push drill is aligned with the spiral direct-push drill;

Step 7-7, the hydraulic direct-push drill tool moves downward under the drive of the power assembly, and at the same time, the first drill tool clamp clamping the vibrating spiral drill tool inside the drive seat is loosened, and the corresponding second drill tool clamp in the drill tool positioning and fixing hole works to clamp the vibrating spiral drill tool, so that the hydraulic direct-push drill tool and the top of the spiral direct-push drill tool are docked, and after docking, the first drill tool clamp in the drive seat works, and the servo motor drives the rotating wheel to start working, so that the entire docked drill tool starts to rotate and push directly for sampling, and the optimization process of step 7-3 is performed during the sampling process;

Step 7-8, after sampling is completed, the power block is lifted, the combined drill tool is lifted, the combined drill tool is manually taken out, the soil sample is taken out, and it is replaced with a spiral empty drill tool of the same length as the docked drill tool to prevent vibration from damaging the sampled soil sample. The above actions are repeated to dock the vibrating spiral drill tool with the empty drill tool. The main control component controls the sound wave generating device of the drill tool block to vibrate at high frequency, and the servo motor drives the rotation to drive the vibrating spiral drill tool to sample deep layers or hard rocks, and the optimization process of step 7-3 is performed during the sampling process;

Step 7-9: Each time you rotate and switch the drilling tool, determine whether you need to replace and install a new drilling tool:

If the drilling tool needs to be replaced, install a new empty drilling tool and repeat steps 7-1 to 7-8;

If the drilling tool does not need to be replaced, continue to perform rotary switching drilling and sampling;

Steps 7-10: After each sampling, it is necessary to determine whether the sampling depth has been reached:

If the sampling depth is reached, go to step 9 to end the sampling;

If the sampling depth is not reached, continue rotating and switching the drill bit to sample and proceed to step 7-9;

Step 8, respectively installing the drilling tools on the driving seat, clamping the first drilling tool clamp inside the driving seat, loosening the second drilling tool clamp in the drilling tool positioning and fixing hole, and performing one-step sampling, including the following sub-steps;

Step 8-1, under the action of the power module, the drill moves downward through the drill positioning and fixing hole to take samples;

Step 8-2: After sampling, the main control component controls and drives the Yin-Yang fish cutting component to cut, seal and isolate the soil sample;

Step 8-3: After cutting and sealing, the power block moves upward to take out each group of soil in the sampling inner tube, and then proceeds to step 9;

Step 9: After the sample collection is completed, the sampling is ended and the samples are sent to the testing center for physical and chemical property analysis.

11. A device for collecting soil samples, characterized in that it comprises a sealing and fidelity device (31), the sealing and fidelity device (31) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the sample inner tube (33) is inserted into the hollow part of the sealing and fidelity device (31) and fits tightly therewith to form a combined sleeve;

After the sealing and fidelity device (31) and the sample inner tube (33) are combined, they can be divided into a plurality of sample storage units (311) in the longitudinal direction. A hollow interlayer (34) is provided between the sample storage units, and the hollow interlayer (34) is provided inside the tube wall (35) of the sealing and fidelity device (31). A cutting and sealing mechanism is provided inside the hollow interlayer (34). After the soil sample is collected, the cutting and sealing mechanism cuts the sample inner tube (33) and the soil sample inside it into sections, and the sample inner tube (33) is cut into a plurality of sections. After the cutting, the soil sample in each section of the sample inner tube is stored in the corresponding sample storage unit (311).

12. The device according to claim 11 is characterized in that the cutting and sealing mechanism comprises a guide rail assembly (37) and a cutting and sealing assembly, the guide rail assembly (37) comprises a first guide rail and a second guide rail symmetrically arranged in the hollow interlayer (34); the cutting and sealing assembly comprises a first cutting sealing sheet and a second cutting sealing sheet in the hollow interlayer (34), the outer ends of the symmetrically arranged first guide rail and the second guide rail are fixedly connected to the inner tube wall (35) of the sealing and fidelity device (31), the sliding rail end of the first guide rail is connected to the fixed end of the first telescopic rod, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the first cutting The outer side of the sealing sheet is fixedly connected; the sliding rail end of the second guide rail is connected to the fixed end of the second telescopic rod, and the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second cutting sealing sheet; through the extension and retraction of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, the first cutting sealing sheet and the second cutting sealing sheet can move towards or away from each other. During the relative movement of the two, the first cutting sealing sheet and the second cutting sealing sheet complete the cutting of the soil. When the two blades overlap, they can be closely aligned, thereby completing the segmented sealing of the sample inner tube (33), so that the soil sample remains in the corresponding sample storage unit (311).

13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that when the sealing and fidelity device (31) and the sample inner tube (33) are used to collect samples of the target soil, the following steps are adopted:

14. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 13 is characterized in that the combined casing is installed in cooperation with the drill bit, specifically: the bottom end of the sealing and fidelity device (31) and the bottom end of the wall of the sample inner tube (33) are against the top of the drill bit (301), so that the opening of the drill bit (301) is aligned with the hollow part of the sample inner tube (33), and the cross-sectional size of the opening of the drill bit (301) and the hollow part of the sample inner tube (33) are the same; the upper end of the sealing and fidelity device (31) is fixedly connected to one end of two retractable blocks (30), and the blocks (30) are extended and placed in the grooves at the corresponding positions on the inner wall of the drill tool, so that the drill tool and the sealing and fidelity device (31) are stably connected to ensure that no relative displacement occurs during downward drilling or rotation; the sample inner tube (33) is used for collecting soil samples during the downward drilling of the drill tool.