CN119059853A - Compound fertilizer for propagating alpine desert shrubs and application thereof, and propagation method for alpine desert shrubs - Google Patents

Compound fertilizer for propagating alpine desert shrubs and application thereof, and propagation method for alpine desert shrubs Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119059853A
CN119059853A CN202411084524.3A CN202411084524A CN119059853A CN 119059853 A CN119059853 A CN 119059853A CN 202411084524 A CN202411084524 A CN 202411084524A CN 119059853 A CN119059853 A CN 119059853A
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cutting
parts
fertilizer
shrubs
alpine
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刘颖
马玉寿
王彦龙
李世雄
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Qinghai Shuiqingyuan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Qinghai University
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Qinghai Shuiqingyuan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Qinghai University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G15/00—Devices or methods for influencing weather conditions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及灌木种植技术领域，尤其涉及一种扩繁高寒荒漠灌木的复合肥及其应用、高寒荒漠灌木的扩繁方法。本发明提供了一种扩繁高寒荒漠灌木的复合肥，包括如下组分：菜籽饼粉，青稞壳粉，羊粪，牦牛粪，骨粉，玉米芯粉，麦饭石粉，发酵剂。还提供了一种高寒荒漠灌木的扩繁方法，该方法可以充分利用人工降雪为灌木待种植地提供充足的水分；该方法显著提高了灌木的成活率，促进高寒荒漠灌木种群的增长，第二年进行的人工降雪，显著提高了灌木第三年的返青率。The present invention relates to the technical field of shrub planting, and in particular to a compound fertilizer for propagating high-cold desert shrubs, an application thereof, and a method for propagating high-cold desert shrubs. The present invention provides a compound fertilizer for propagating high-cold desert shrubs, comprising the following components: rapeseed cake powder, highland barley husk powder, sheep manure, yak manure, bone meal, corn cob powder, medical stone powder, and a fermentation agent. A method for propagating high-cold desert shrubs is also provided, which can make full use of artificial snowfall to provide sufficient moisture for the shrub planting site; the method significantly improves the survival rate of shrubs and promotes the growth of the high-cold desert shrub population, and the artificial snowfall in the second year significantly improves the greening rate of shrubs in the third year.

Description

Compound fertilizer for expanding propagation of high-cold desert shrubs, application of compound fertilizer and method for expanding propagation of high-cold desert shrubs
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shrub planting, in particular to a compound fertilizer for propagating alpine desert shrubs, application thereof and a propagation method for the alpine desert shrubs.
Background
The northwest region is deeply located on inland and far away from the sea, and the high topography of the plateau and the mountain region is used for blocking the humid air flow, so that the region is sparsely precipitation and arid in climate, and the landscape of the wide desert and the gobi beach is formed. In the western region, only a few regions in the southeast are temperate and monsoon climates, and the other most regions are temperate and continental climates and high-cold climates, which are dry and cold in winter, high in summer and rare in precipitation, and the precipitation amount is gradually reduced from the east to the west. Due to drought in the climate, the daily and annual worse temperatures are both great. The northwest region mostly belongs to continental climates of medium temperature zone and warm temperature zone, and the local part belongs to high and cold climate. The vegetation of the ground ecosystem in the area is grasslands, desert grasslands, deserts, stony gobi, sand dune rivers, inland lakes and oasis from east to west. For many years, due to the influence of natural and human factors, the ecological environment of the northwest grassland is seriously damaged, vegetation degradation and grassland desertification are increasingly serious, and importantly, the grassland desertification can lead to soil nutrient loss and damage the soil structure, so that the content of soil sand is increased, thereby influencing the economic development of the northwest region.
In recent years, due to the implementation of desertification control engineering and ecological protection engineering, the expansion situation of desertification land is restrained. However, due to the fact that the day-night temperature difference in the alpine region is large, the precipitation amount is small, summer heat and winter cold bring great challenges to the breeding of shrubs in the region, and no mature shrub breeding method exists in the prior art. Therefore, the method for exploring and maturing shrubs in alpine regions is particularly important, and has important significance for promoting desertification control and ecological civilization construction in alpine regions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compound fertilizer for expanding propagation of high and cold desert shrubs, application thereof and an expanding propagation method of the high and cold desert shrubs, wherein the method can obviously improve the survival rate of the shrubs, and is simple and low in cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a compound fertilizer for propagating alpine desert shrubs, which comprises, by mass, 15-25 parts of rapeseed cake powder, 12-20 parts of highland barley shell powder, 25-35 parts of sheep manure, 20-30 parts of yak manure, 8-14 parts of bone meal, 10-16 parts of corncob powder, 4-6 parts of medical stone powder and 2-6 parts of a starter.
Preferably, the starter is lactobacillus, saccharomycete or bacillus subtilis.
The invention provides application of the compound fertilizer in expanding propagation of alpine desert shrubs.
The invention also provides a propagation method of the alpine desert shrubs, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing land, namely digging a furrow, applying a base fertilizer, turning over, covering straw and manually snowing on the land in 11-12 months of the current year to obtain the land to be planted;
(2) Cutting, namely cutting the cutting slips into a to-be-planted land in 3-4 months of the next year to obtain cutting seedlings;
(3) Planting management, namely performing water and fertilizer management, weeding and artificial snowfall on cutting seedlings;
The base fertilizer is the compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the width of the furrow obtained after furrow digging is 45-55 cm, the depth of the furrow is 20-30 cm, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 800-1200 kg/mu, and the thickness of the covered straw is 5-7 cm.
Preferably, the cutting slips are shrub branches with tender shoots for 1-2 years, the number of the tender shoots of the cutting slips is 1-2, the length of the cutting slips is 15-20 cm, and the diameter of the cutting slips is 0.8-1.2 cm;
The depth of the cutting is 8-12 cm, and the plant spacing of the cutting is 25-35 cm.
Preferably, the cutting slips need to be subjected to sterilization treatment and rooting promotion treatment before cutting;
The method for sterilization treatment comprises the steps of soaking the cutting slips in a sterilization solution for 30-50 min;
the sterilizing solution is plant ash solution or potassium permanganate solution;
the final concentration of the plant ash is 8-12%, and the final concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.1-0.5%;
The rooting promoting treatment method comprises the steps of soaking cutting slips in a rooting agent for 10-15 min;
The rooting agent takes water as a solvent and comprises the following components of 6-8wt% of sucrose, 2.5-3.5wt% of urea, 0.1-0.2wt% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 100-200 ppm of indoleacetic acid and 10-20 ppm of zeatin.
Preferably, the water and fertilizer management comprises water spraying and topdressing;
The water quantity for each watering is 160-180 m < 3 >/mu, and the fertilizer for topdressing comprises the following components in parts by weight;
the application amount of the additional fertilizer is 20-30 kg/mu.
Preferably, in the step (3), the weeding frequency is 1-2 times, and the weeding method is manual weeding;
The time for manually reducing the snow is 11-12 months in the second year, and the thickness of a snow layer of the manual snow is 10-20 cm.
The invention also provides application of the propagation method in propagation cultivation of alpine desert shrubs.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention provides a compound fertilizer for expanding propagation of high and cold desert shrubs, which is prepared from sheep manure, yak manure, rapeseed cake powder, highland barley hull powder, bone meal, corncob powder and medical stone powder, can improve soil structure, improve water retention performance of soil and provide sufficient nutrition for the growth and development of shrubs, and has the components of common substances in northwest areas to be compounded into the compound fertilizer, so that resources are fully utilized, production cost is reduced, and economic benefit is improved.
The invention also provides a propagation method of the high-cold desert shrubs, which remarkably improves the survival rate of the shrubs, promotes the growth of the population of the high-cold desert shrubs, increases the population quantity and is beneficial to protecting and restoring the integrity of a local ecological system.
According to the invention, artificial snowfall is carried out in 11-12 months of the current year and the second year of land preparation, the water content of the land to be planted is provided in the desert area without irrigation conditions, the survival rate of seedling cuttage is increased, the growth of seedlings is promoted, and the turning rate of the seedlings in the third year is improved.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a compound fertilizer for propagating alpine desert shrubs, which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
15-25 parts of rapeseed cake powder, preferably 18-22 parts, and more preferably 20 parts;
12-20 parts of highland barley shell powder, preferably 15-17 parts, and more preferably 16 parts;
25-35 parts of sheep manure, preferably 28-32 parts, and more preferably 30 parts;
20-30 parts of yak dung, preferably 24-26 parts of yak dung, and more preferably 25 parts of yak dung;
8-14 parts of bone powder, preferably 10-12 parts, and more preferably 11 parts;
10-16 parts of corncob powder, preferably 12-14 parts, and more preferably 13 parts;
4-6 parts of medical stone powder, preferably 4.5-5.5 parts of medical stone powder, and more preferably 5 parts of medical stone powder;
2 to 6 parts, preferably 3 to 5 parts, more preferably 4 parts of a starter.
The mixed fermentation of the sheep manure and the yak manure can balance various nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, is beneficial to improving the nutrient content of the organic fertilizer, can also improve the stability of the organic fertilizer, reduce the loss and volatilization of the nutrients, is beneficial to releasing the nutrients and absorbing soil, thereby improving the soil structure and improving the soil fertility;
The medical stone powder and the highland barley shell powder can improve the air permeability and the water retention of the soil, and the sheep manure, the yak manure and the corncob powder can increase the organic matter content of the soil, and can improve the soil structure and the soil fertility under the combined action;
The medical stone powder also contains abundant microelements such as silicon, magnesium, potassium and the like, can provide necessary nutrient elements for plants, promote plant growth, wherein the silicon element can enhance the disease and pest resistance of the plants and reduce the harm of the disease and pest to the plants, the bone powder can effectively supplement phosphorus element in soil, promote the growth and development of crops, and the medical stone powder also contains abundant calcium element which is one of the necessary elements in the plant growth and plays an important role in cell wall formation, cell division, fruit development and the like.
In the invention, the starter is lactobacillus, saccharomycete or bacillus subtilis.
The lactobacillus is preferably lactobacillus sitophilum, and is purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center (CGMCC) with the preservation number of 23951.
The saccharomycete is preferably saccharomycete RY-6, and is purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center (CGMCC) with a collection number of 20133;
The bacillus subtilis is preferably bacillus subtilis FEP205 and is purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center (CGMCC) with the preservation number of 21731.
The invention provides application of the compound fertilizer in expanding propagation of alpine desert shrubs.
The invention also provides a propagation method of the alpine desert shrubs, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing land, namely digging a furrow, applying a base fertilizer, turning over, covering straw and manually snowing on the land in 11-12 months of the current year to obtain the land to be planted;
(2) Cutting, namely cutting the cutting slips into a to-be-planted land in 3-4 months of the next year to obtain cutting seedlings;
(3) Planting management, namely performing water and fertilizer management, weeding and artificial snowfall on cutting seedlings;
The base fertilizer is the compound fertilizer.
According to the invention, the soil is excavated, and the soil is planted in the furrow, so that the moisture evaporation can be effectively reduced, the soil humidity is kept, the growth of shrubs is facilitated, the root system of the shrubs can be buried in the deep soil, the root system is protected from the influence of external environment, the growth of the root system and the nutrient absorption are facilitated, the sand wind can be blocked, snow on the ridge can be penetrated into the soil after being melted, the moisture is provided for the root system, and the problems of frostbite and even freezing death caused by direct contact of the root system with snow are avoided.
The components in the compound fertilizer are directly fermented and decomposed in the land to prepare the compound fertilizer, so that nutrients can be better released, shrubs are easier to absorb, organic substances generated in the fermentation process can improve the structure of soil, the air permeability and the water retention of the soil are increased, the volatilization and the loss of nitrogen are reduced through fermentation, the nutrient utilization rate is improved, the manpower and material resource consumption and the carbon dioxide emission in the transportation process can be reduced through direct fermentation in the land, the influence on the environment is reduced, the additional storage and transportation cost is avoided, and the production efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.
The straw is covered in the fermentation process, so that the heat can be effectively preserved, the temperature fluctuation is reduced, and the activity of fermentation microorganisms and the fermentation process are facilitated. The straw can reduce evaporation of water, maintain internal humidity of the fermentation pile body, facilitate fermentation process, reduce volatilization and loss of nutrients such as nitrogen, improve nutrient utilization efficiency, ensure full absorption of plants, reduce diffusion of peculiar smell due to coverage of the straw, reduce influence on surrounding environment, reduce wind erosion and water erosion, protect the fermentation pile body from being corroded by the external environment, ensure fermentation effect, and ensure that the straw contains abundant carbon elements, can be used as a carbon source of microorganisms in the fermentation process, and promote degradation and fermentation of organic substances.
The artificial snow fall can supply water for the land in the fermentation process and can also provide water for the fermentation of the compound fertilizer, so that the fermentation temperature is reduced, and the problems of increased harmful bacteria, nutrient loss, harmful gas generation and the like in the fermentation process are avoided. The compound fertilizer can be fully fermented in 3-4 months of the next year, so that sufficient nutrition is provided for rooting and development of cutting seedlings, meanwhile, the air temperature starts to rise, snow starts to melt, and moisture is provided for rooting and development of cutting seedlings.
In the invention, the straw is wheat straw, corn straw or cotton straw.
In the invention, the soil preparation time is preferably 11 middle ten days of month, and the cutting time is preferably 3 middle ten days of the second year.
In northwest region, the method comprises the steps of digging furrows, applying base fertilizer and turning over in 11-12 months, wherein during the period, the snowfall can supply water for the land and can also supply water for the fermentation of the compound fertilizer, so that the fermentation temperature is reduced, and the problems of increased harmful bacteria, nutrient loss, harmful gas generation and the like in the fermentation process are avoided.
According to the invention, the compound fertilizer can be fully fermented in 3-4 months of the next year, so that sufficient nutrition is provided for rooting and development of cutting seedlings, meanwhile, the temperature starts to rise, snow starts to melt, water is provided for rooting and development of cutting seedlings, the straw coverage in a furrow can be used for effectively preserving heat, freezing death of cutting seedlings is reduced, and water loss is also reduced.
In the invention, the width of the furrow obtained after furrow digging is 45-55 cm, preferably 48-52 cm, and more preferably 50cm;
The depth of the ridge is 20-30 cm, preferably 23-27 cm, and more preferably 25cm;
The application amount of the base fertilizer is 800-1200 kg/mu, preferably 900-1100 kg/mu, and more preferably 1000 kg/mu;
the thickness of the covering straw is 5-7 cm, preferably 5.5-6.5 cm, and more preferably 6cm.
The thickness of the artificial snowfall is 10-20 cm,
In the invention, the cutting slip is a shrub branch with tender buds in 1-2 years, preferably a shrub branch with tender buds in 2 years;
The number of the tender shoots of the cutting slips is 1-2, preferably 2;
The length of the cutting slips is 15-20 cm, preferably 17-18 cm, and more preferably 17.5cm;
The diameter of the cutting pin is 0.8-1.2 cm, preferably 0.9-1.1 cm, and more preferably 1.0cm;
The cutting depth is 8-12 cm, preferably 9-11 cm, and more preferably 10cm;
The plant spacing of the cuttage is 25-35 cm, preferably 28-32 cm, and more preferably 30cm.
In the invention, the cutting slips need to be subjected to sterilization treatment and rooting promotion treatment before cutting;
soaking the cutting slips in a sterilizing solution for 30-50 min, preferably 35-45 min, and further preferably 40min;
the sterilizing solution is plant ash solution or potassium permanganate solution;
the final concentration of the plant ash is 8-12%, preferably 9-11%, and more preferably 10%;
The final concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.1-0.5%, preferably 0.2-0.4%, and more preferably 0.3%;
the rooting promoting treatment method comprises the steps of soaking the cutting slips in a rooting agent for 10-15 min, preferably 12-13 min, and further preferably 12.5min;
The rooting agent takes water as a solvent and comprises the following components of 6-8wt% of sucrose, 2.5-3.5wt% of urea, 0.1-0.2wt% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 100-200 ppm of indoleacetic acid and 10-20 ppm of zeatin.
In the present invention, the final concentration of sucrose is preferably 7wt%, the final concentration of urea is preferably 3wt%, the final concentration of sodium double nitrate is preferably 0.15wt%, the final concentration of indoleacetic acid is preferably 150ppm, and the final concentration of zeatin is preferably 15ppm.
In the invention, sucrose provides energy, urea provides a nitrogen source, sodium nitrophenolate promotes cell division, indoleacetic acid promotes root growth, and promotes plant rooting process together, so that rooting success rate is increased, sodium nitrophenolate, indoleacetic acid and zeatin can promote plant growth and development, and the growth speed and growth quality of plants are improved, and the compatible effect of the sodium nitrophenolate, the indoleacetic acid and the zeatin is obviously higher than that of any one substance which is independently used, wherein the indoleacetic acid can also increase stress resistance of plants, and the adaptability and survival rate of plants are improved.
In the invention, the water and fertilizer management comprises water spraying and topdressing;
The water sprinkling time is the first month after cutting and the additional fertilizer, the water sprinkling time of the first month after cutting is 3-5 times, preferably 4 times, and the water sprinkling time during the additional fertilizer is 1 time;
the sprinkling mode is that a sprinkling truck moves for sprinkling;
The sprinkling amount of each sprinkling is 160-180 m 3/mu, preferably 170m 3/mu;
the fertilizer for topdressing comprises the following components in parts by mass:
2-6 parts of manganese sulfate, preferably 3-5 parts, and more preferably 4 parts;
8-12 parts of urea, preferably 9-11 parts, and more preferably 10 parts;
10-16 parts of sodium silicate, preferably 12-14 parts, and more preferably 13 parts;
The application amount of the additional fertilizer is 20-30 kg/mu, preferably 23-27 kg/mu, and more preferably 25 kg/mu.
The application of the manganese fertilizer can promote the synthesis of chlorophyll in the shrub leaves, enhance the photosynthesis efficiency, improve the synthesis capacity of photosynthetic products of shrubs, promote the growth and development of shrub root systems, increase the capacity of the root systems to absorb water and nutrient, facilitate the growth and development of shrubs in drought environments, and a proper amount of manganese can enhance the disease resistance of shrubs.
In the invention, the additional fertilizer method is watering and fertilizing.
In the invention, in the step (3), the weeding frequency is 1-2 times, preferably 2 times, and the weeding method is manual weeding;
The artificial snowfall time is 11-12 months in the second year, preferably 11 middle ten days.
According to the invention, artificial snowfall is carried out in 11-12 months, so that the plant turning rate can be improved in desert areas without irrigation.
The invention also provides application of the propagation method in propagation cultivation of alpine desert shrubs.
In the invention, shrubs suitable for propagation by the propagation method comprise king, nitraria tangutorum, red sand, aster ageratoides, chamomile, safflower sheep firewood, falcate knotweed, sabina chinensis and flower sticks.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1 method for propagating Red Sand
(1) Preparing soil, namely digging a furrow on the soil in the 11 months and 15 days of the same year, applying a compound fertilizer for thoroughly decomposing and fermenting, wherein the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 1000 kg/mu, then ploughing, covering 6cm of corn stalks, and manually snowing in the 11 months and 20 days to obtain the soil to be planted with a snow layer with the thickness of 14 cm;
the width of the furrow obtained after the furrow is dug is 50cm, and the depth of the furrow is 25cm;
The compound fertilizer comprises 200kg of seed cake powder, 150kg of highland barley shell powder, 300kg of sheep manure, 250kg of yak manure, 100kg of bone meal, 140kg of corncob powder, 50kg of medical stone powder and 50kg of saccharomycete RY-640kg;
(2) Cutting, namely selecting 2-year-old Calophyllum mongolicum branches with 2 tender shoots and the diameter of 1.0cm at 15 days of 3 months of the second year, pruning the Calophyllum mongolicum branches into 15cm as cutting slips, soaking the cutting slips in a plant ash solution with the final concentration of 10% for 35min for sterilization, soaking the cutting slips in a rooting agent (70 g of sucrose, 30g of urea, 1.5g of sodium nitrate, 0.15mg of indoleacetic acid and 0.015mg of zeatin, adding water to a constant volume of 1000mL, uniformly mixing to obtain the rooting agent) for 15min, cutting the rooting agent into a to-be-planted place to obtain cutting seedlings, and carrying out mobile irrigation on the cutting slips by a water spray vehicle, wherein the cutting depth is 10cm and the plant spacing is 30cm;
(3) Water and fertilizer management, namely moving a water spraying vehicle to spray water for 4 times in 15-4 months and 7d is a space between two adjacent times;
respectively carrying out mobile watering and topdressing (4 kg of manganese sulfate, 10kg of urea and 13kg of sodium silicate) of a water spraying vehicle on the day of 5 months and 15 days of 6 months;
The water quantity per time is 170m 3/mu, and the fertilizing quantity per time of additional fertilizer is 27 kg/mu;
weeding, namely respectively carrying out manual weeding on the day 4, the day 2 and the day 6, the day 2;
and (5) artificially snowing, namely artificially snowing in 11 months and1 day, wherein the thickness of a snow layer is 16cm.
Example 2 propagation method of Calligonum mongolicum
(1) Soil preparation, namely, digging a furrow on the soil in the 11 months of the current year, applying a compound fertilizer for thoroughly decomposing and fermenting, wherein the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 900 kg/mu, then turning over and covering corn stalks for 5.5cm, and manually snowing in the 11 months for 3 days, wherein the thickness of a snow layer is 11cm, so as to obtain the to-be-planted land;
The width of the furrow obtained after the furrow is dug is 48cm, and the depth of the furrow is 22cm;
The compound fertilizer comprises 150kg of rapeseed cake powder, 200kg of highland barley hull powder, 260kg of sheep manure, 280kg of yak manure, 80kg of bone meal, 150kg of corncob powder, 40 parts of medical stone powder and 60kg of lactobacillus chaff-like bacteria;
(2) Cutting, namely selecting a 2-year-old Calophyllum tstreana branch with 1 tender bud and diameter of 1.3cm as a cutting slip, trimming the Calophyllum tstreana branch into 17cm as a cutting slip, soaking the cutting slip in a plant ash solution with a final concentration of 12% for 30min for sterilization, soaking in a rooting agent (80 g of sucrose, 35g of urea, 2.0g of sodium nitrate, 0.2mg of indoleacetic acid and 0.01mg of zeatin, adding water to a constant volume of 1000mL, uniformly mixing to obtain the rooting agent) for 12min, cutting the rooting agent into a to-be-planted place to obtain cutting seedlings, and carrying out mobile irrigation on the cutting slip by a water spray vehicle, wherein the cutting depth is 9cm and the plant spacing is 28cm;
(3) The water and fertilizer management, namely, carrying out mobile sprinkling on a water spraying vehicle for 3 months 1 day to 4 months 1 day, wherein the sprinkling frequency is 3 times, and the interval time between two adjacent times is 8d;
the mobile watering and topdressing of the water spraying vehicle (6 kg of manganese sulfate, 12kg of urea and 16kg of sodium silicate) are carried out on the 2 days of 6 months;
The water quantity per time is 180m 3/mu, and the fertilizing quantity per time of additional fertilizer is 30 kg/mu;
weeding, namely respectively carrying out manual weeding on the 2 th day of 5 months and the 15 th day of 7 months;
And (5) artificially snowing, namely artificially snowing in 11 months and 15 days, wherein the thickness of a snow layer is 15cm.
Example 3 propagation method of Aster tataricus
(1) Preparing soil, namely digging a furrow on the soil in the 11 months and 15 days of the same year, applying a compound fertilizer for thoroughly decomposing and fermenting, wherein the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 1100 kg/mu, then ploughing, covering wheat straw by 7cm, and artificially snowing to obtain the soil to be planted with a snow layer thickness of 15 cm;
wherein the width of the furrow obtained after the furrow digging is 55cm, and the depth of the furrow is 30cm;
The compound fertilizer comprises 240kg of rapeseed cake powder, 140kg of highland barley shell powder, 320kg of sheep manure, 240kg of yak manure, 130kg of bone meal, 100kg of corncob powder, 55kg of medical stone powder and 20530kg of bacillus subtilis FEP;
(2) Cutting, namely selecting a Chinese aster branch with 1 tender bud and the diameter of 0.9cm for 2 years on the day 4 and 1 of the second year, trimming the Chinese aster branch into 20cm as a cutting slip, soaking the cutting slip in a potassium permanganate solution with the final concentration of 0.3% for 40min for sterilization, soaking in a rooting agent (60 g of sucrose, 25g of urea, 1.0g of sodium nitrate, 0.1mg of indoleacetic acid and 0.02mg of zeatin, adding water to a volume of 1000mL, mixing uniformly to obtain the rooting agent), and finally cutting the rooting agent into a place to be planted to obtain cutting seedlings, and moving and irrigating a water spray vehicle, wherein the cutting depth is 12cm and the plant spacing is 32cm;
(3) Water and fertilizer management, namely, carrying out mobile water spraying on a water spraying vehicle for 4 times in a period of 1 day 4 months to 1 day 5 months, and carrying out interval 7d between two adjacent times;
The mobile watering and topdressing of the water spraying vehicle (3 kg of manganese sulfate, 9kg of urea and 11kg of sodium silicate) are carried out on the 1 th month and the 15 th month;
the water quantity per time is 160m 3/mu, and the fertilizing quantity per time of additional fertilizer is 23 kg/mu;
weeding, namely manually weeding on the 15 th day of 6 months and the 1 th day of 8 months respectively;
and (5) artificially snowing, namely artificially snowing in the period of 11 months and 30 days, wherein the thickness of a snow layer is 12cm.
Comparative example 1 method for propagating red sand
Reference example 1, wherein the applied base fertilizer was 150kg of rapeseed cake powder, 200kg of highland barley hull powder, 540kg of sheep manure, 80kg of bone meal, 150kg of corncob powder, 50kg of medical stone powder, and 60kg of lactic acid bacteria (purchased from Weifang Rui Biotechnology Co., ltd.) were mixed to obtain the base fertilizer, and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2 method for propagating red sand
Reference example 1, wherein the applied base fertilizer was 150kg of rapeseed cake powder, 200kg of highland barley hull powder, 540kg of yak dung, 80kg of bone meal, 150kg of corncob powder, 60kg of lactic acid bacteria (purchased from Weifang Rui Biotechnology Co., ltd.) were mixed to obtain the base fertilizer, and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3A method for propagating Red Sand
With reference to example 1, corn stalks are not covered during the soil preparation process, and the other steps are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4A method for propagating Red Sand
In reference to example 1, a rooting agent is used in the cutting process, which is prepared by adding water to a volume of 1000mL, taking 70g of sucrose, 30g of urea, 1.5g of sodium nitrate and 0.15mg of naphthylacetic acid, and uniformly mixing, and other steps are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5A method for propagating Red Sand
In reference to example 1, the rooting agent used in the cutting process is prepared by taking 70g of sucrose, 30g of urea and 0.15mg of indoleacetic acid, adding water to a constant volume of 1000mL, and uniformly mixing to obtain the rooting agent, and other steps are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 6A method for propagating Red Sand
In the water and fertilizer management of the reference example 1, 17kg of manganese sulfate and 10kg of urea are applied as the fertilizer for topdressing, and the other steps are the same as in the example 1.
Comparative example 7A method for propagating Red Sand
In the water fertilizer management of the reference example 1, the additional fertilizer is 4kg of potassium sulfate, 10kg of urea and 13kg of calcium superphosphate, and the other steps are the same as those of the example 1.
Comparative example 8A method for propagating Red Sand
With reference to example 1, in the water and fertilizer management, no artificial snow increase was performed in the next year, and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Experimental example 1 determination of survival index of Red Sand
The test area is located in the moon bay scenic area of Guide county in the west Ning city of Qinghai province;
Red sand is cultivated by using the propagation method of the Calligonum mongolicum in example 1 and comparative examples 1-7. After 10d the survival rate of the red sand was observed and recorded and the results are shown in table 1.
Survival = number of surviving plants/number of cutting plants x 100%.
TABLE 1 survival of Red Sand
As can be seen from Table 1, the survival rate of the red sand can reach 98.75% by using the breeding method of the application to cultivate the red sand.
Experimental example 2 morphological index measurement of Red Sand
Morphological indexes such as plant height, root number, root length and the like of the red sand cultivated by the method for expanding propagation of the red sand described in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were investigated on the 7 th month 15 th year, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 growth of Red sands
Plant height/cm Root system quantity/root system Root length/cm
Example 1 12.36 19.65 20.58
Comparative example 1 9.58 11.37 10.68
Comparative example 2 9.67 12.75 12.35
Comparative example 3 10.96 14.34 14.61
Comparative example 4 5.32 8.64 8.53
Comparative example 5 4.58 6.97 8.33
Comparative example 6 6.98 10.84 9.26
Comparative example 7 6.85 9.68 9.04
As can be seen from Table 2, the red sand was bred by the method described in example 1, and after 4 months of cutting cultivation, the plant height of the red sand could reach 12.36cm, the number of root systems was 19.65, and the root system length was 20.58cm.
Experimental example 3 Replacing Rate of Red Sand
At month 1 of the third year, the blushing rates of the red sand bred by the methods described in example 1 and comparative example 8 were examined, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 reversion status of Red Sand
Rate of reversion/%
Example 1 94.27
Comparative example 8 55.35
As can be seen from Table 3, the artificial snowfall performed the next year can provide sufficient moisture for the turning of the plant, thereby improving the turning rate of the plant.
According to the embodiment, the compound fertilizer for propagating the alpine desert shrubs, the application of the compound fertilizer and the propagation method of the alpine desert shrubs are provided, the method remarkably improves the survival rate of shrubs, promotes the growth of the population of the alpine desert shrubs, increases the population quantity, and is beneficial to protecting and recovering the integrity of a local ecological system.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A compound fertilizer for propagating alpine desert shrubs is characterized by comprising, by mass, 15-25 parts of rapeseed cake powder, 12-20 parts of highland barley shell powder, 25-35 parts of sheep manure, 20-30 parts of yak manure, 8-14 parts of bone meal, 10-16 parts of corncob powder, 4-6 parts of medical stone powder and 2-6 parts of a starter.
2. The compound fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the starter is a lactic acid bacterium, a yeast or a bacillus subtilis.
3. The use of a compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or claim 2 for expanding the propagation of alpine desert shrubs.
4. The propagation method of the alpine desert shrubs is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Preparing land, namely digging a furrow, applying a base fertilizer, turning over, covering straw and manually snowing on the land in 11-12 months of the current year to obtain the land to be planted;
(2) Cutting, namely cutting the cutting slips into a to-be-planted land in 3-4 months of the next year to obtain cutting seedlings;
(3) Planting management, namely performing water and fertilizer management, weeding and artificial snowfall on cutting seedlings;
the base fertilizer is the compound fertilizer of claim 1 or claim 2.
5. The propagation method according to claim 4, wherein the width of the furrows obtained after the furrows are dug is 45-55 cm, the depth of the furrows is 20-30 cm, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 800-1200 kg/mu, and the thickness of the covering straw is 5-7 cm.
6. The propagation method according to claim 5, wherein the cutting slips are shrub branches with tender buds in 1-2 years old, the number of the tender buds of the cutting slips is 1-2, the length of the cutting slips is 15-20 cm, and the diameter of the cutting slips is 0.8-1.2 cm;
The depth of the cutting is 8-12 cm, and the plant spacing of the cutting is 25-35 cm.
7. The propagation method according to claim 6, wherein the cutting is subjected to sterilization treatment and rooting-promoting treatment before cutting;
The method for sterilization treatment comprises the steps of soaking the cutting slips in a sterilization solution for 30-50 min;
the sterilizing solution is plant ash solution or potassium permanganate solution;
the final concentration of the plant ash is 8-12%, and the final concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.1-0.5%;
The rooting promoting treatment method comprises the steps of soaking cutting slips in a rooting agent for 10-15 min;
The rooting agent takes water as a solvent and comprises the following components of 6-8wt% of sucrose, 2.5-3.5wt% of urea, 0.1-0.2wt% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 100-200 ppm of indoleacetic acid and 10-20 ppm of zeatin.
8. The propagation method of claim 7, wherein said water and fertilizer management comprises watering and topdressing;
the water quantity of each sprinkling is 160-180 m 3/mu;
The fertilizer for topdressing comprises, by mass, 2-6 parts of manganese sulfate, 8-12 parts of urea and 10-16 parts of sodium silicate;
the application amount of the additional fertilizer is 20-30 kg/mu.
9. The propagation method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the number of times of weeding is 1-2, and the weeding method is artificial weeding;
The time of the artificial snowfall is 11-12 months in the second year, and the thickness of a snow layer of the artificial snowfall is 10-20 cm.
10. The use of the propagation method according to any one of claims 4-9 in propagation cultivation of alpine desert shrubs.
CN202411084524.3A 2024-08-08 2024-08-08 Compound fertilizer for propagating alpine desert shrubs and application thereof, and propagation method for alpine desert shrubs Pending CN119059853A (en)

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CN106396895A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 东北林业大学 Tree growth promotion fertilizer, and preparation method and sprinkling device thereof
CN109601225A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-04-12 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 A kind of rapid seedling raising method of desert medicinal plant
CN110183272A (en) * 2019-06-10 2019-08-30 中科绿洲（北京）生态工程技术有限公司 A kind of high and cold arid desert land ecology reparation soil conditioner and ecological restoring method

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CN106396895A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 东北林业大学 Tree growth promotion fertilizer, and preparation method and sprinkling device thereof
CN109601225A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-04-12 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 A kind of rapid seedling raising method of desert medicinal plant
CN110183272A (en) * 2019-06-10 2019-08-30 中科绿洲（北京）生态工程技术有限公司 A kind of high and cold arid desert land ecology reparation soil conditioner and ecological restoring method

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