CN119010121A - Control method and control device of energy storage system and energy storage system - Google Patents
Control method and control device of energy storage system and energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN119010121A CN119010121A CN202411488449.7A CN202411488449A CN119010121A CN 119010121 A CN119010121 A CN 119010121A CN 202411488449 A CN202411488449 A CN 202411488449A CN 119010121 A CN119010121 A CN 119010121A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H02J2101/20—
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- H02J2101/24—
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- H02J2101/28—
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- H02J2101/40—
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method and device of an energy storage system and the energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of energy storage. The energy storage system comprises a distributed power supply, an energy storage device, a load, a control device and a switching device, and the control method comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of first voltage detection signals output by a plurality of first voltage detection circuits, and confirming the output voltage of each distributed power supply according to the plurality of first voltage detection signals; responding to the electricity consumption requirements of a plurality of loads, and confirming the power supply voltage of each load according to the electricity consumption requirements; according to the output voltage of each distributed power supply, confirming the load corresponding to the power supply voltage, and outputting a corresponding switch conduction signal to a switching device so that the output voltage of the distributed power supply supplies power for the corresponding load; the voltage difference between the output voltage of the distributed power supply and the power supply voltage of the corresponding load is within a preset voltage difference range. The invention aims to reduce the loss of electric energy in an energy storage system.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technologies, and in particular, to a control method and a control device for an energy storage system, and an energy storage system.
Background
In an energy storage system with a distributed power source, electric energy generated by the distributed power source is generally output to an energy storage device, a load and a power grid respectively. Distributed power supplies, however, are typically constructed from solar panels, wind turbines, small hydroelectric power stations, etc., and the voltage output by the power supply is often unstable. Taking a solar photovoltaic panel as an example, the voltage of the solar photovoltaic panel is influenced by various uncontrollable factors such as illumination, temperature and the like. And stable input voltage is required for an energy storage device, a load or a power grid. Therefore, in the prior art, a voltage conversion circuit or the like is often employed to ensure the stability of the output voltage. However, this method will have high loss, especially when the difference between the output voltage and the supply voltage is large, and therefore effective utilization of the electric energy cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a control method of an energy storage system, which aims to reduce the loss of electric energy in the energy storage system.
In order to achieve the above object, the energy storage system includes a plurality of distributed power sources, an energy storage device, a plurality of loads, a control device and a plurality of switch devices, wherein the output ends of the distributed power sources are electrically connected with the input ends of the switch devices in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the control device is electrically connected with the distributed power sources, the energy storage device, the loads and the controlled ends of the switch devices respectively, and the output ends of the switch devices are electrically connected with the loads in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are connected with the energy storage device; each of the distributed power supplies includes a first voltage detection circuit; the control method comprises the following steps:
Acquiring a plurality of first voltage detection signals output by a plurality of first voltage detection circuits, and confirming the output voltage of each distributed power supply according to the plurality of first voltage detection signals;
responding to the electricity consumption requirements of a plurality of loads, and confirming the power supply voltage of each load according to the electricity consumption requirements;
According to the output voltage of each distributed power supply, confirming the load corresponding to the power supply voltage, and outputting a corresponding switch conduction signal to the switching device so that the output voltage of the distributed power supply supplies power for the corresponding load;
the voltage difference between the output voltage of the distributed power supply and the power supply voltage of the corresponding load is within a preset voltage difference range.
In an embodiment, the step of identifying the load corresponding to the power supply voltage according to the output voltage of each of the distributed power supplies specifically includes:
Dividing the output voltage of each distributed power supply into a plurality of layers, and dividing the power supply voltage of each load into a plurality of layers corresponding to the output voltage of each distributed power supply one by one;
The difference between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value between each level of the output voltage of each distributed power supply and the corresponding level of the power supply voltage of each load is smaller than a preset difference value.
In an embodiment, the energy storage system further includes a voltage conversion device, the output voltage of the distributed power source includes a dc output voltage and an ac output voltage, the supply voltage of each load includes a dc supply voltage and an ac supply voltage, and the step of identifying, according to the output voltage of each distributed power source, the load corresponding to the supply voltage specifically further includes:
determining a load corresponding to the type of the power supply voltage according to the type of the output voltage of each distributed power supply;
And when the type of the output voltage of each distributed power supply does not correspond to the type of the power supply voltage of each load, controlling the voltage conversion device to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the distributed power supply and outputting the voltage to the load or the energy storage device.
In an embodiment, a switching device is disposed between the energy storage device and the load, two ends of the switching device are respectively electrically connected with the energy storage device and the load, and after the step of responding to the power consumption requirements of a plurality of loads and confirming the power supply voltage of each load according to the power consumption requirements, the method further includes:
when the difference value between the output voltage of the distributed power supply and the power supply voltage of the load is larger than a preset voltage difference value range, the output voltage of the energy storage device is confirmed, and a corresponding switch conduction signal is output to the switch device, so that the output voltage of the energy storage device supplies power for the corresponding load;
and controlling the voltage conversion device to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the distributed power supply, and outputting a corresponding switch on signal to the switching device so as to charge the energy storage device with the output voltage of the distributed power supply.
In an embodiment, the energy storage device includes a second voltage detection circuit, and the control method further includes:
acquiring a second voltage detection signal output by a second voltage detection device, and confirming the storage electric quantity of the energy storage device according to the second voltage detection signal;
when the stored electricity quantity of the energy storage device is higher than a first preset electricity quantity, outputting a corresponding switch conduction signal to the switch device so as to upload the electric energy higher than the preset electricity quantity to a power grid;
And when the stored electric quantity of the energy storage device is lower than a second preset electric quantity, outputting a corresponding switch turn-off signal to the switch device so as to stop the electric energy output of the energy storage device.
In an embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a temperature detection circuit, a refrigeration device, and a heating device, and the control method further includes:
acquiring a temperature detection signal output by a temperature detection circuit, and confirming the ambient temperature of the energy storage device according to the temperature detection signal;
When the ambient temperature corresponding to the temperature detection signal is higher than a first preset temperature, controlling the refrigeration device to work until the ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature;
And when the ambient temperature corresponding to the temperature detection signal is lower than a second preset temperature, controlling the heating device to work until the ambient temperature is higher than the first preset temperature.
The invention also proposes a control device comprising: a memory, a processor and a control program of an energy storage system stored on the memory and running on the processor, the control program being configured to implement the steps of the method of controlling an energy storage system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
The invention also provides an energy storage system which comprises the control device.
In one embodiment, the energy storage system comprises a plurality of distributed power sources, an energy storage device, a plurality of loads, a plurality of switch devices and a power grid interface;
the output ends of the distributed power supplies are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the control device and the switch devices one by one, and the distributed power supplies are used for energy conversion and output electric energy;
the two ends of the energy storage device are respectively and electrically connected with the switch device, and the energy storage device is used for storing electric energy and outputting the electric energy when required;
The controlled ends of the switch devices are respectively and electrically connected with the control device, and the switch devices are used for switching on or switching off the passages connected with the two ends of the switch devices according to switch control signals output by the control device;
the power grid interface is electrically connected with the switching device and is used for accessing a power grid.
According to the technical scheme, the output voltages of different distributed power supplies are obtained through the voltage detection circuit, the power consumption requirements of different loads are obtained, so that the power supply voltages corresponding to the different loads are confirmed, whether the voltage difference between the output voltages of the different distributed power supplies and the power supply voltages of the different loads is within a preset voltage difference range or not is compared, and then a loop between the corresponding distributed power supplies and the loads is selected. The control device outputs a switch conduction signal to further control the switching device of the corresponding loop, so that the switching device is closed and conducted to correspond to a path between the distributed power supply and the load, reasonable selection setting of the loop between the distributed power supply and the load is achieved, and the problem that electric energy is consumed greatly when the distributed power supply charges the energy storage device and supplies power to the load due to voltage conversion in the energy storage system is effectively solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of an energy storage system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a control method of an energy storage system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a control method of an energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of an energy storage system according to another embodiment of the invention.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
Furthermore, the description of "first," "second," etc. in this disclosure is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
In an energy storage system with a distributed power source, electric energy generated by the distributed power source is generally output to an energy storage device, a load and a power grid respectively. Distributed power supplies, however, are typically constructed from solar panels, wind turbines, small hydroelectric power stations, etc., and the voltage output by the power supply is often unstable. Taking a solar photovoltaic panel as an example, the voltage of the solar photovoltaic panel is influenced by various uncontrollable factors such as illumination, temperature and the like. And stable input voltage is required for an energy storage device, a load or a power grid. Therefore, in the prior art, a voltage conversion circuit or the like is often employed to ensure the stability of the output voltage. However, this method will have high loss, especially when the difference between the output voltage and the supply voltage is large, and therefore effective utilization of the electric energy cannot be ensured.
Therefore, referring to fig. 1, the present invention proposes a control method of an energy storage system, where the energy storage system includes a plurality of distributed power sources, an energy storage device, a plurality of loads, a control device and a plurality of switching devices, the output ends of the distributed power sources are electrically connected to the input ends of the switching devices in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the control device is electrically connected to the distributed power sources, the energy storage device, the loads and the controlled ends of the switching devices, and the output ends of the switching devices are electrically connected to the loads in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are connected to the energy storage device; each of the distributed power supplies includes a first voltage detection circuit; the control method comprises the following steps:
Step S100: acquiring a plurality of first voltage detection signals output by a plurality of first voltage detection circuits, and confirming the output voltage of each distributed power supply according to the plurality of first voltage detection signals;
Step S200: responding to the electricity consumption requirements of a plurality of loads, and confirming the power supply voltage of each load according to the electricity consumption requirements;
Step S300: according to the output voltage of each distributed power supply, confirming the load corresponding to the power supply voltage, and outputting a corresponding switch conduction signal to the switching device so that the output voltage of the distributed power supply supplies power for the corresponding load;
the voltage difference between the output voltage of the distributed power supply and the power supply voltage of the corresponding load is within a preset voltage difference range.
It will be appreciated that in an energy storage system, the power output by the distributed power source will be preferentially supplied to the load. When the load cannot completely digest the electric energy output by the distributed power supply, the distributed power supply outputs redundant electric energy to the energy storage device, so that power supply is realized when the electric energy output by the distributed power supply cannot meet the load demand or when the distributed power supply does not output electric energy. In addition, in the energy storage system, when the energy storage device and the distributed power supply can not meet the power consumption requirement of the load, the energy storage device can be connected with a power grid to acquire electric energy from the power grid, so that the power is supplied to the load on one hand, and the energy storage device is charged on the other hand. The series of regulation and control are realized by a control device in the energy storage system, and the input and output of electric energy are realized by controlling the corresponding switching devices, so that the maximum utilization of the electric energy is ensured.
In this embodiment, the plurality of distributed power sources may be any one or more of power generation devices such as a solar photovoltaic power generation panel and a wind power generator. Among them, a solar photovoltaic power generation panel is taken as an example. Solar photovoltaic panels are composed primarily of a plurality of photovoltaic cells, typically silicon-based, which may be monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon. When sunlight impinges on the photovoltaic panel, photons therein excite electrons in the semiconductor material, causing them to transition from the valence band to the conduction band, thereby generating free electrons. Electron-hole pairs generated near the PN junction are separated by a built-in electric field, electrons move to the N-type layer, and holes move to the P-type layer. After the external circuit connects the two layers, electrons can flow in the external circuit to form a current. This is the process by which the photovoltaic panel generates direct current. And the power generation capacity of the solar photovoltaic power generation panel is affected by various factors, such as solar radiation intensity, weather, temperature, installation angle and the like. This also results in a non-linear curve of the output characteristics of the solar photovoltaic panel, which voltage and current relationship changes with changes in illumination intensity and temperature. Wherein for a single photovoltaic cell its open circuit voltage is typically between 0.4V and 0.7V. When multiple cells are connected in series to form a photovoltaic module or panel, the total voltage will be the sum of the voltages of the individual cells. For example, a typical photovoltaic module may be formed by connecting 36, 54, 60, 72, or 96 cells in series, with corresponding open circuit voltages of about 18V, 27V, 30V, 36V, or 48V, respectively. Therefore, the expected output voltage of the solar photovoltaic power generation panel can be set according to actual requirements. The detection of the output voltage of the distributed power supply can be realized by a voltage dividing circuit, a differential amplifying circuit, a comparator circuit and the like. The voltage dividing circuit divides voltage to be measured to an input range suitable for a measuring instrument (such as an ADC) in proportion by connecting two or more resistors in series. For example, two resistors are used in series, a measurement point is located between the two resistors, and the voltage drop calculated by ohm's law is a part of the voltage to be measured. The differential amplifying circuit is suitable for accurately measuring the potential difference between two points of the circuit, and is particularly useful when common mode voltage interference exists. The differential amplifier is provided with two input ends which are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the voltage to be measured, so that common mode noise can be effectively restrained, differential mode signals can be amplified, and measurement accuracy can be improved. The output voltage of the distributed circuit can be effectively detected by adopting the voltage detection circuit, so that the control device can execute corresponding control according to the first voltage detection signal.
In this embodiment, for different loads, they also have different power requirements in different time periods, such as lighting fixtures, variable frequency air conditioners, and the like. The brightness of the lighting fixture can be adjusted by the dimmer, which means that the output brightness can be changed by adjusting the power supply voltage in different time periods such as noon, early morning and evening so as to achieve the effect of energy saving. The lighting lamp can be controlled to be turned on or off by a control program which is autonomously arranged, and also can be triggered by a user or controlled to be turned on or off by a remote control. The change of the brightness is controlled by the system and outputs the power demand signal to the control device of the energy storage system, and the control device confirms the power supply voltage required by the lighting lamp at the moment through the power demand signal so as to facilitate the control device to execute corresponding control actions.
It will be appreciated that the type of voltage output by the distributed power supply may include both dc and ac voltages. Wherein the output voltages of the distributed power supplies are also different in magnitude. Therefore, the energy storage system further comprises a voltage conversion device so as to convert the voltage output by the distributed power supply, thereby achieving the degree of directly meeting the power consumption requirement of the load. However, in the voltage conversion device, the larger the voltage difference between the input voltage and the output voltage is, the larger the loss caused in the conversion process is.
In this embodiment, the voltage detection circuit obtains the voltage values output by different capacity devices in the distributed power supply, and the power supply voltage required by the load is confirmed by obtaining the power consumption requirement of the load. The control device confirms the passage between the corresponding capacity equipment and the corresponding load by acquiring the first voltage detection signal and the power supply voltage of the load so as to output a corresponding switch conduction signal and further conduct the passage between the corresponding capacity equipment and the load. The capacity device and the load can be realized by adopting a gating circuit. For example, there are a capacity device a, a capacity device B, and a capacity device C in the distributed power source, and the voltage values corresponding to the voltage detection signals obtained by the voltage detection terminals of the capacity device a, the capacity device B, and the capacity device C output voltages at a certain moment are 10V, 32V, and 48V, and the power supply voltage required by the load at this moment is 12V, the capacity device a with 10V is preferentially selected, and the power is supplied by the voltage conversion device. Because the voltage difference between the output voltage of the capacity device A and the power supply voltage required by the load is the smallest, the loss caused by the voltage conversion device during voltage conversion is smaller compared with the capacity device B and the capacity device C, and the energy waste is avoided. It will be appreciated that the charging voltage of the energy storage device has greater flexibility than if the load were directly powered. Therefore, the energy-producing devices B and C can be powered by other loads corresponding to the power supply voltage or charge the energy storage device. Similarly, in the energy storage system, the energy storage device can be charged by selecting the corresponding energy generating equipment. Further, the production facility is exemplified by a solar photovoltaic power generation panel. The solar photovoltaic power generation panel battery packs are arranged in different parallel, so that different output voltage levels of different solar photovoltaic power generation panel battery packs under the same illumination condition are output. For example, under a specific condition, the voltage output by the first solar photovoltaic power generation panel battery pack is 18V; the voltage output by the second solar photovoltaic power generation panel battery pack is 27V; the voltage output by the third solar photovoltaic power generation panel battery pack is 36V. If the power supply voltage of a certain load is 20V, the first solar photovoltaic power generation panel battery pack can be preferentially used for supplying power, and the voltage conversion device is used for converting the 18V output voltage into 20V for supplying power. When the external illumination condition is changed, the voltage output by the first solar photovoltaic power generation panel battery pack is changed to 12V, and the voltage output by the second solar photovoltaic power generation panel battery pack is changed to 19V. At this time, the control device can output a corresponding switch-on signal to the switching device through the first voltage detection signal, so that the output voltage of the second solar photovoltaic power generation panel supplies power to the load, and the difference between the output voltage of the distributed power supply and the power supply voltage of the load is as small as possible, thereby reducing excessive loss of electric energy in the voltage conversion process. The range of the preset voltage difference value can be reasonably set according to the type of the distributed power supply and the type of the load.
In this embodiment, the output voltages of different distributed power sources are obtained by setting the voltage detection circuit, and the power consumption requirements of different loads are obtained, so that the power supply voltages corresponding to the different loads are confirmed, and whether the voltage difference between the output voltages of the different distributed power sources and the power supply voltages of the different loads is within a preset voltage difference range is compared, so that a loop between the corresponding distributed power sources and the loads is selected. The control device outputs a switch conduction signal to further control the switch device of the corresponding loop, so that the switch device is closed and conducted to correspond to a path between the distributed power supply and the load, reasonable selection setting of the loop between the distributed power supply and the load is achieved, and the problem that the power loss of the distributed power supply is large due to voltage conversion is effectively solved.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step of identifying, according to the output voltage of each of the distributed power sources, the load corresponding to the power supply voltage specifically includes:
Step S310: dividing the output voltage of each distributed power supply into a plurality of layers, and dividing the power supply voltage of each load into a plurality of layers corresponding to the output voltage of each distributed power supply one by one;
The difference between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value between each level of the output voltage of each distributed power supply and the corresponding level of the power supply voltage of each load is smaller than a preset difference value.
It should be appreciated that in an energy storage system, a distributed power source generally includes a plurality of different energy-producing devices, and the number and output voltages of the different energy-producing devices are different; the load also typically includes a plurality of different consumers, and the power supply voltages corresponding to the different consumers are different. The level division setting is performed for capacity devices with different output voltages in the distributed power supplies, for example, the distributed power supplies with the output voltages of 0 to 10V are divided into a first level, the distributed power supplies with the output voltages of 10 to 20V are divided into a second level, the distributed power supplies with the output voltages of 20 to 30V are divided into a third level, and the like. Corresponding level division setting is performed on electric equipment with different power supply voltages in the load, for example, a load with the power supply voltage of 0-10V is divided into a first level, a load with the power supply voltage of 10-20V is divided into a second level, a load with the power supply voltage of 20-30V is divided into a third level, and the like. It can be understood that the voltage difference between the output voltage of the distributed power supply and the supply voltage of the load is always controlled within the preset difference range between the distributed power supply and the load in the corresponding level, i.e. the voltage difference is always controlled within 10V. The layered arrangement effectively avoids overlarge voltage difference between the output voltage of the distributed power supply and the power supply voltage of the load, so that the electric energy is excessively lost in the voltage conversion process. The setting of the level division and the preset difference value can be set according to practical situations, and the level division can also be unevenly divided, for example, the first level is 0 to 10V, the second level is 10V to 15V, and the like.
Furthermore, the energy storage system further includes a voltage conversion device, the output voltage of the distributed power supply includes a dc output voltage and an ac output voltage, the supply voltage of each load includes a dc supply voltage and an ac supply voltage, and the step of identifying, according to the output voltage of each distributed power supply, the load corresponding to the supply voltage specifically further includes:
Step S320: determining a load corresponding to the type of the power supply voltage according to the type of the output voltage of each distributed power supply;
Step S330: and when the type of the output voltage of each distributed power supply does not correspond to the type of the power supply voltage of each load, controlling the voltage conversion device to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the distributed power supply and outputting the voltage to the load or the energy storage device.
It will be appreciated that the output voltage of a distributed power supply typically includes both a dc voltage and an ac voltage, while the supply voltage of the load also includes both a dc voltage and an ac voltage. Therefore, in the energy storage system, the voltage conversion device generally includes a rectifying circuit, an inverter circuit, a step-up circuit, a step-down circuit, and the like, so as to achieve matching between the output voltage of the distributed power source and the supply voltage of the load. It should be understood that the boost circuit converts the input lower dc voltage into the higher dc voltage, and the loss mainly comes from the switching loss, the conduction loss, the diode loss and the inductance loss; the step-down circuit converts the input higher direct voltage into lower direct voltage, and the loss mainly comes from switching loss, conduction loss, inductance loss and output capacitance loss; the inverter circuit converts direct current into alternating current, and the loss mainly comes from switching loss, conduction loss, filter loss and harmonic loss; the rectifier circuit converts ac power into dc power, and the loss mainly derives from diode loss, filter loss and harmonic loss. Further, the inverter circuit is generally considered to be most lossy. Specifically, inverter circuits typically require higher switching frequencies to generate smooth sine waves, which can lead to higher switching losses. In addition, the waveform output by the inverter typically contains a large number of harmonic components, which can cause additional losses when passing through the load. And the inverter output needs to be improved in waveform quality by a filter, and elements in the filter also generate losses. Furthermore, the design of an inverter is often more complex than a step-up or step-down circuit, involving more components, each of which may introduce losses. Therefore, the step-up circuit and the step-down circuit mainly involve direct current-to-direct current conversion, generally operate at a lower frequency, and have relatively small switching losses. Although the rectifier circuit also involves ac to dc conversion, the rectifier circuit generally requires only simple diode rectification and has a small loss compared to the inverter circuit. The control device confirms the type of the output voltage of the distributed power supply, thereby confirming the load corresponding to the power supply voltage. For example, if the output voltage of the distributed power supply is an ac voltage, a load corresponding to the supply voltage being the ac voltage is selected, so as to avoid the loss caused by the operation of the rectifying circuit; and if the output voltage of the distributed power supply is direct-current voltage, selecting a load with the corresponding power supply voltage as the direct-current voltage, thereby avoiding the loss caused by the operation of the inverter circuit. The voltage difference value is larger than a preset difference value, so that the magnitude relation between the loss caused by the large-amplitude boosting and dropping of the corresponding type and the loss caused by the small-amplitude inversion rectification of the different type is confirmed, and the voltage conversion mode is further confirmed. Further, there are cases where the output voltage of a part of the distributed power supply does not correspond to the type of the output voltage of the load in the energy storage system. At this time, the control device is required to control the voltage conversion device to realize the conversion of the output voltage of the distributed power supply and output the converted output voltage to the load, so that the loss generated by the distributed power supply for supplying power to the load is reduced on the premise of ensuring diversified power supply.
It will be appreciated that the nature of the energy storage device is that of storing electrical energy, and that it stores dc electrical energy internally. Therefore, the charging voltage of the energy storage device must be charged by using a direct current voltage. When the output voltage of the distributed power supply has two output voltages, namely direct current voltage and alternating current voltage, the direct current output voltage is preferably selected to charge the energy storage device, so that extra loss generated in the rectification process of the alternating current voltage is avoided.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a switching device is disposed between the energy storage device and the load, two ends of the switching device are respectively electrically connected with the energy storage device and the load, and after the step of responding to the power consumption requirements of a plurality of loads and confirming the power supply voltage of each load according to the power consumption requirements, the method further includes:
when the difference value between the output voltage of the distributed power supply and the power supply voltage of the load is larger than a preset voltage difference value range, the output voltage of the energy storage device is confirmed, and a corresponding switch conduction signal is output to the switch device, so that the output voltage of the energy storage device supplies power for the corresponding load;
and controlling the voltage conversion device to perform voltage conversion on the output voltage of the distributed power supply, and outputting a corresponding switch on signal to the switching device so as to charge the energy storage device with the output voltage of the distributed power supply.
In this embodiment, when the distributed power supply may not be able to output a supply voltage satisfying any load under a specific environment, the control device outputs a switch on signal to the switching device, so as to conduct a path between the energy storage device and the load. And a voltage conversion circuit can be further arranged between the energy storage device and the load so as to realize the power supply requirements of different loads. In addition, the multi-level output voltage can be set for the energy storage device, so that the problem of overlarge loss in the voltage conversion process caused by overlarge voltage difference between the output voltage and the power supply voltage is avoided. Specifically, a distributed power supply is exemplified as a solar photovoltaic power generation panel or a wind power generator. Solar photovoltaic panels can only generate electrical energy when they are irradiated with light, and therefore they can only output voltage when they are irradiated with solar light. The wind driven generator can drive the motor to work by the mechanical energy when the blades rotate only when wind power in the corresponding direction exists, so that voltage is output. In the absence of wind in the corresponding direction, the wind power generator will not be able to output voltage. Therefore, under the condition, the power supply voltage required by the load is required to be supplied by the energy storage device so as to meet the power supply voltage required by the work of the load.
It will be appreciated that the voltage output by the distributed power supply under certain conditions is in an unstable state. Therefore, the distributed power supply at this time cannot bring a stable power supply to the load. However, the charging voltage of the energy storage device is a flexible range, and the energy storage device can be intermittently charged through the voltage conversion device although the voltage output by the distributed power supply is unstable. In addition, because of the wide range of energy storage device charging, the output voltage of the distributed power supply can be effectively obtained. Therefore, when the output voltage of the distributed power supply does not meet the power supply voltage of the load, the control device can control the switching device to control the passage, and the distributed power supply can supply power to the energy storage device while the energy storage device supplies power to the load.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage device includes a second voltage detection circuit, and the control method further includes:
Step S400: acquiring a second voltage detection signal output by a second voltage detection device, and confirming the storage electric quantity of the energy storage device according to the second voltage detection signal;
Step S500: when the stored electricity quantity of the energy storage device is higher than a first preset electricity quantity, outputting a corresponding switch conduction signal to the switch device so as to upload the electric energy higher than the preset electricity quantity to a power grid;
step S600: and when the stored electric quantity of the energy storage device is lower than a second preset electric quantity, outputting a corresponding switch turn-off signal to the switch device so as to stop the electric energy output of the energy storage device.
In this embodiment, the second voltage detection circuit is configured to detect a remaining power of the energy storage device, and output a second voltage detection signal to the control device, so that the control device confirms a current power of the energy storage device according to the second voltage detection signal. It will be appreciated that the power output by the distributed power supply is not uniform. Thus, the power output by the distributed power supply during a certain period of time may both satisfy the power supply of all loads and achieve continuous charging of the energy storage device. But in energy storage devices the electrical energy that they can store is limited. Accordingly, the corresponding first preset amount of electricity can be set. The first preset electric quantity can be set according to the actual conditions of the distributed power supply, the energy storage device and the load. For example, the first preset electric quantity is 80% of the energy storage device, that is, the part of the energy storage device higher than 80% of the electric quantity controls the switch device by the control device, so that the electric energy in the energy storage device is uploaded to the power grid, and the electric energy waste generated by the distributed power supply is avoided. Further, the control device is also provided with a second preset electric quantity. The second preset electric quantity is the protection electric quantity of the energy storage device. It will be appreciated that in order to ensure the lifetime of the energy storage device, it is generally necessary to ensure that the minimum power of the energy storage device is not lower than the protection power, avoiding deep discharge of the energy storage device. Among them, deep discharge may cause damage to the structure of the battery, resulting in accelerated capacity fade of the battery. Overcharge may also adversely affect the battery, especially in a state of full charge for a long period of time, possibly resulting in an increase in internal pressure of the battery, decomposition of electrolyte, and chemical composition change inside the battery, thereby affecting the life of the battery. Therefore, the arrangement of the first preset electric quantity and the second preset electric quantity can avoid the waste of electric energy and ensure the service life of the energy storage device.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage device further includes a temperature detection circuit, a refrigeration device, and a heating device, and the control method further includes:
step S700: acquiring a temperature detection signal output by a temperature detection circuit, and confirming the ambient temperature of the energy storage device according to the temperature detection signal;
step S800: when the ambient temperature corresponding to the temperature detection signal is higher than a first preset temperature, controlling the refrigeration device to work until the ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature;
step S900: and when the ambient temperature corresponding to the temperature detection signal is lower than a second preset temperature, controlling the heating device to work until the ambient temperature is higher than the first preset temperature.
It is appreciated that the rate of chemical reactions occurring within the energy storage device is greatly affected by temperature. At different temperatures, the change in reaction rate results in different manifestations of the cell performance. Under the high temperature condition, the chemical reaction rate is accelerated, and the internal side reaction of the energy storage device is possibly increased, so that the aging and capacity attenuation of the energy storage device are accelerated. At low temperatures, the chemical reaction rate slows down, and the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage device decreases, which may result in the energy storage device not providing sufficient power output. The temperature change also affects the internal impedance of the energy storage device, thereby affecting the charge and discharge efficiency of the energy storage device. Under high temperature conditions, the internal impedance of the energy storage device may increase, resulting in more heat being generated during the charge and discharge process, further exacerbating the temperature rise of the energy storage device. At low temperatures, the internal resistance of the energy storage device increases, and in particular, at low temperatures, the viscosity of the electrolyte increases, and the migration rate of lithium ions decreases, resulting in a decrease in the charge and discharge efficiency of the energy storage device. Accordingly, the energy storage device needs to operate within a suitable temperature range to ensure its performance, life and safety.
In this embodiment, the temperature detection circuit may be implemented using a detection circuit based on a thermosensitive device, such as a resistance voltage division circuit based on an NTC resistor or an NTC probe, and a resistance voltage division circuit based on a PTC resistor or a PTC probe. Alternatively, the temperature detection circuit may also be implemented using a temperature sensor, such as an infrared temperature sensor, a thermocouple temperature sensor, or the like. The temperature detection circuits can be arranged at different positions in the energy storage device, the control device can determine a plurality of temperature values according to a plurality of temperature detection signals, and the actual environment temperature is obtained through calculation through a preset temperature algorithm, such as average value, weighted calculation and the like, so that the accuracy of detecting the environment temperature of the hanging device is improved. Furthermore, the control device can confirm the current environmental temperature of the energy storage device through the temperature detection signal, so that the temperature adjusting device is accurately controlled, and the environmental temperature of the energy storage device is regulated and controlled. Specifically, when the temperature value corresponding to the temperature detection signal is higher than the first preset temperature value, the control device confirms that the current temperature of the energy storage device is higher, so that the refrigeration device is controlled to work, and the environmental temperature of the energy storage device is reduced. When the temperature value corresponding to the temperature detection signal is lower than a second preset temperature value, the control device confirms that the current temperature of the energy storage device is lower, so that the heating device is controlled to work, and the environment temperature of the energy storage device is improved. The first preset temperature and the second preset temperature can be set according to the type of the energy storage device. The temperature regulating device is controlled to work through the control device, so that the working environment temperature of the energy storage device is effectively ensured to be in a relatively stable state. Wherein the temperature regulating device also belongs to the load. Thus, the thermostat may be selectively powered by a distributed power source.
The invention also proposes a control device comprising: a memory, a processor and a control program of an energy storage system stored on the memory and running on the processor, the control program being configured to implement the steps of the method of controlling an energy storage system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims. It is noted that, because the control device of the present invention is based on the control method of the energy storage system, embodiments of the control device of the present invention include all technical schemes of all embodiments of the control method of the energy storage system, and the achieved technical effects are identical, and are not described herein again.
The invention also provides an energy storage system which comprises the control device. It is noted that, because the energy storage system of the present invention is based on the control device, the embodiments of the energy storage system of the present invention include all the technical solutions of all the embodiments of the control device, and the achieved technical effects are identical, and are not described herein again.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage system includes a plurality of distributed power sources, an energy storage device, a plurality of loads, a plurality of switch devices, and a power grid interface;
the output ends of the distributed power supplies are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the control device and the switch devices one by one, and the distributed power supplies are used for energy conversion and output electric energy;
the two ends of the energy storage device are respectively and electrically connected with the switch device, and the energy storage device is used for storing electric energy and outputting the electric energy when required;
The controlled ends of the switch devices are respectively and electrically connected with the control device, and the switch devices are used for switching on or switching off the passages connected with the two ends of the switch devices according to switch control signals output by the control device;
the power grid interface is electrically connected with the switching device and is used for accessing a power grid.
In this embodiment, the distributed power source may be implemented by using electric energy generating devices such as a solar photovoltaic power generation panel, a wind power generator, and a small hydropower station. The distributed power supply provides power to a load or charges an energy storage device by generating electrical energy. The output end of the distributed power supply is electrically connected with the switching device, and the control device controls the switching device to be turned on or off, so that the output of electric energy generated by the distributed power supply is realized. The energy storage device can be realized by adopting batteries with corresponding capacities according to the actual condition of the distributed power supply lamp, so that surplus capacity storage of the distributed power supply is realized, and the capacity of the distributed power supply is supplemented when the capacity of the distributed power supply does not meet the load.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
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