CN118958061A - A rail vibration reduction fastener and its assembly method and application - Google Patents
A rail vibration reduction fastener and its assembly method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN118958061A CN118958061A CN202411386471.0A CN202411386471A CN118958061A CN 118958061 A CN118958061 A CN 118958061A CN 202411386471 A CN202411386471 A CN 202411386471A CN 118958061 A CN118958061 A CN 118958061A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title abstract description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 317
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920006346 thermoplastic polyester elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 greasy dirt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/62—Rail fastenings incorporating resilient supports
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
- E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
- E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
- E01B9/683—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material layered or composite
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
- E01B9/685—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2205/00—Electrical insulation of railway track parts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种轨道减振扣件及其装配方法与应用，属于轨道交通减振技术领域，包括：绝缘缓冲垫板、下铁垫板、上铁垫板以及绝缘系统；绝缘系统包括绝缘护板、阻尼限位块、板下弹性垫板以及锁紧环；下铁垫板设置有空腔，板下弹性垫板设置在空腔内；绝缘护板包设在下铁垫板的上表面并延伸至空腔侧壁；下铁垫板两端分别设置有第一挡肩，上铁垫板两端分别设置有与第一挡肩相配合的第二挡肩；阻尼限位块设置在第一挡肩与第二挡肩之间。该扣件通过绝缘系统能够有效避免下铁垫板与上铁垫板表面电流导通而增大轨对地的电流泄漏，从而引起杂散电流的次生危害，提高了道床混凝土结构钢筋、金属管路以及轨道沿线电气设备的使用稳定性、安全性以及寿命。
The present invention discloses a rail vibration reduction fastener and its assembly method and application, which belongs to the field of rail transit vibration reduction technology, including: an insulating buffer pad, a lower iron pad, an upper iron pad and an insulation system; the insulation system includes an insulating guard plate, a damping limit block, an elastic pad under the plate and a locking ring; the lower iron pad is provided with a cavity, and the elastic pad under the plate is arranged in the cavity; the insulating guard plate is wrapped around the upper surface of the lower iron pad and extends to the side wall of the cavity; the lower iron pad is provided with a first shoulder at both ends, and the upper iron pad is provided with a second shoulder matched with the first shoulder at both ends; the damping limit block is arranged between the first shoulder and the second shoulder. The fastener can effectively avoid the conduction of current on the surface of the lower iron pad and the upper iron pad through the insulation system, thereby increasing the current leakage from the rail to the ground, thereby causing secondary hazards of stray current, and improving the stability, safety and life of the concrete structure steel bars of the ballast bed, metal pipelines and electrical equipment along the track.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit vibration reduction and the technical field of stray current prevention and control of rail transit, and particularly relates to a rail vibration reduction fastener, an assembly method and application thereof.
Background
The rapid development of the rail transit provides convenience and effectively relieves the pressure of urban traffic for people, but meanwhile, the problems of vibration, noise pollution and the like generated in the running process of the rail transit also always influence the life of residents in the radiation area of the rail transit; and also affects ride comfort. Therefore, vibration reduction and noise reduction of rail vehicles are increasingly emphasized, and rail vibration reduction fasteners are also generated accordingly, so that the rail vibration reduction fasteners are gradually applied to urban rail transit in a large amount.
In the related art, the common vibration damping fasteners comprise shoulder type vibration damping fasteners and double-layer nonlinear vibration damping fasteners, so that the vibration damping effect of rail transit can be effectively enhanced; the shoulder-blocking type vibration reduction fastener is used for restraining the transverse displacement of the upper iron base plate through the transverse limiting block between the shoulder-blocking type vibration reduction fastener and the upper iron base plate, so that the transverse rigidity of the fastener is improved, the stability and the safety of a track system are improved, but in the long-term use process, gaps are easily generated between the upper iron base plate and the lower iron base plate and between the shoulder-blocking type vibration reduction fastener and the shoulder-blocking type vibration reduction fastener due to vibration and impact force, and the comprehensive stability of the fastener system is insufficient; the upper iron pad plate and the lower iron pad plate are isolated only by the rubber pad plate, so that pollutants such as scrap iron, greasy dirt, dust and the like are easy to enter a gap, surface current is conducted to increase current leakage of a rail to the ground, and accordingly secondary damage of stray current is caused, and steel bars of a ballast bed concrete structure, metal pipelines, electrical equipment along the rail and the like are influenced by corrosion, so that the service life is shortened; in addition, the vibration reduction fastener in the related art is realized by only relying on a self-locking device at the installation position of a bolt when the upper iron base plate is restrained from upwards displacement, so that the self-locking device is easy to fail when the track panel is hoisted or the small curvature radius is positioned, and the stability of the fastener system is poor; and the installation height of the double-layer nonlinear damping fastener is higher, the double-layer nonlinear damping fastener cannot be matched with the height of a common fastener, and the condition of shearing fracture is easily caused by overhigh installation position of an anchoring bolt.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a track vibration damping fastener, and an assembling method and application thereof, which solve at least one of the problems and disadvantages set forth in the background art.
The first aspect of the invention discloses a track vibration damping fastener, comprising:
An insulating buffer backing plate, a lower iron backing plate, an upper iron backing plate and an insulating system;
the insulation system comprises an insulation guard board, a damping limiting block, an under-board elastic backing plate and a locking ring;
the lower iron backing plate is provided with a cavity, and the lower elastic backing plate is arranged in the cavity;
the insulating guard plate is wrapped on the upper surface of the lower iron base plate and extends to the side wall of the cavity;
the two ends of the lower iron base plate are respectively provided with a first shoulder, and the two ends of the upper iron base plate are respectively provided with a second shoulder matched with the first shoulder;
the damping limiting block is arranged between the first blocking shoulder and the second blocking shoulder, and the damping limiting block is coated above the second blocking shoulder.
According to the track vibration damping fastener, an insulation system is arranged, an insulation guard plate is wrapped on the upper surface of a lower iron base plate and extends to the side wall of a cavity, and an upper iron base plate is isolated from the lower iron base plate, so that insulation protection between the upper iron base plate and the lower iron base plate is realized; simultaneously with the damping stopper setting between first fender shoulder and second fender shoulder, prevent effectively that the fastener from producing the fit clearance under long-term operating condition owing to first fender shoulder and second fender shoulder wear for a long time, lead to the fastener unstability to through insulating system can effectively avoid down indisputable backing plate and last indisputable backing plate surface current to switch on and increase rail to the electric current leakage of ground, thereby arouse stray current's secondary harm, ballast bed concrete structure reinforcing bar, metal pipeline and rail line electrical equipment's stability in use, the security and life-span have been improved.
Compared with the prior art, the self-locking structure at the track spike mounting holes of the upper and lower iron base plates is adopted, and the damping limiting block is additionally arranged, so that the transverse impact force to the fastener is effectively reduced when the track traffic is running and is transmitted to the track foundation, the upward overturning displacement generated by the second shoulder can be effectively limited, the track gauge holding capacity of the fastener system is improved, the integral structural stability of the fastener is ensured, and the stability of the track traffic running, the riding comfort and the damping effect are improved.
The fastener insulating system is made of nonmetallic materials with good insulating performance, specifically, the insulating guard plate and the locking ring are made of glass fiber reinforced nylon 66 materials, the damping limiting block is made of TPEE materials, and the rail lower base plate and the plate lower elastic base plate are made of NR materials; wherein, the working resistance of the elastic backing plate under the plate is more than or equal to 10 8 omega, the vertical static stiffness is set to 20+/-4 kN/mm, and the dynamic and static stiffness ratio is less than or equal to 1.4; the insulation system structurally fits with the upper iron base plate and the lower iron base plate, so that the creepage distance between the upper iron base plate and the lower iron base plate is increased, the insulation effect can be effectively improved, the leakage of stray current is avoided, the safety of the track system is improved, the risk of secondary damage caused by the leakage of the stray current is reduced, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
As a further aspect of the present invention: and the bottom of the upper iron base plate is correspondingly provided with a convex part along the size of the cavity.
Through setting up the convex part along the cavity size correspondence in last iron backing plate bottom for the convex part gomphosis of last iron backing plate bottom is in the cavity of lower iron backing plate, make the board under the elastic backing plate by the tight pressfitting in the cavity, can exert its elasticity damping and insulating effect better, effectively absorb and keep apart the vibration in the rail system, promote whole damping effect, simultaneously, board under elastic backing plate sets up in the cavity of lower iron backing plate, make the convex part positive pressure of last iron backing plate just above board under elastic backing plate, can effectively reduce the holistic installation height of fastener, ensure that this fastener is consistent with the installation height of ordinary fastener, be convenient for smooth-going transition and the upgrading replacement of damping fastener and ordinary fastener; and compared with the traditional double-layer nonlinear fastener, the length of the anchor bolt can be effectively reduced, and the risk of shearing fracture of the bolt is reduced.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the damping limiting block is characterized in that first bending parts are respectively arranged on two sides of the first blocking shoulder, second bending parts are respectively arranged on two sides of the damping limiting block, outer side walls of two sides of the second bending parts are respectively abutted to inner side walls of two sides of the first bending parts, and two sides of the second blocking shoulder are respectively abutted to inner side walls of two sides of the second bending parts.
Because the first bending parts are respectively arranged at the two sides of the first retaining shoulder, the second bending parts are respectively arranged at the two sides of the damping limiting block, the outer side walls at the two sides of the second bending parts are respectively abutted with the inner side walls at the two sides of the first bending parts, the two sides of the second retaining shoulder are respectively abutted with the inner side walls at the two sides of the second bending parts, the second retaining shoulder is clamped in the damping limiting block, the damping limiting block is clamped in the first retaining shoulder, the displacement of the upper iron backing plate along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the steel rail can be effectively limited, the stability and the reliability of the connection of the upper iron backing plate and the lower iron backing plate are ensured, the restraining effect of the upper iron backing plate along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the steel rail is improved, and the wedge-shaped structures corresponding to the positions of the upper iron backing plate and the lower iron backing plate are combined, so that the fit gap between the first retaining shoulder and the second retaining shoulder can be eliminated due to production tolerance or long-term abrasion is caused, the contact between the first retaining shoulder and the second retaining shoulder fastener is tighter, and the integral stability of the integral structure is improved.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the top of the damping limiting block is provided with a shielding part, and the top of the second retaining shoulder is abutted to the inner side wall of the shielding part.
Because the damping stopper top is provided with the shielding part, the top and the shielding part inside wall butt of second fender shoulder can prevent effectively that the displacement of last indisputable backing plate vertical direction from further guaranteeing the stability and the reliability that last indisputable backing plate is connected with lower indisputable backing plate, have improved the restriction effect to last indisputable backing plate because the rail deflects and lead to upwards displacement for fastener system wholeness can be more stable, reliable.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the first shoulder top that keeps off is provided with the apron, apron bottom both sides are provided with the recess respectively, first shoulder top both sides are provided with the flange respectively, both sides the flange sets up respectively in both sides in the recess, the apron extends to on the shelter from the portion.
Because the damping stopper adopts TPEE to make, its thermoplastic polyester elastomer material's characteristic for the rigidity and the intensity of damping stopper are insufficient to retrain the second and keep off the shoulder because of long-term vibration, still there is the problem of vertical direction displacement, through setting up the apron at first fender shoulder top, apron bottom both sides are provided with the recess respectively, first fender shoulder top both sides are provided with the flange respectively, both sides flange sets up respectively in the recess of both sides, the apron extends to the shelter from on the portion, can effectively strengthen the shelter from portion rigidity and the intensity of damping stopper, the displacement of second fender shoulder in vertical direction is restricted, further improved the connection steadiness of upper and lower iron backing plate, eliminate the harm of fastener deflection deformation, thereby promote rail system's overall stability.
As a further aspect of the present invention: and a wear-resisting plate is arranged on one side of the damping limiting block, which is close to the second shoulder, and a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the damping limiting block, which is close to the first shoulder.
The upper iron backing plate is made of spheroidal graphite cast iron materials, relative displacement necessarily exists between the upper iron backing plate and the damping limiting block, friction between the second shoulder of the upper iron backing plate and the damping limiting block can abrade the damping limiting block, so that the vertical rigidity of the fastener is influenced, a plurality of grooves are formed in one side, close to the second shoulder, of the damping limiting block, the friction coefficient of the damping limiting block and one side of the second shoulder can be effectively reduced by the aid of the wear-resisting plate, friction loss is reduced, when the upper iron backing plate is effectively reduced to displace downwards, the damping limiting block is extruded, appropriate deformation can be generated by the aid of the groove structure, and the influence on the vertical rigidity of the fastener is eliminated.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the lower iron backing plate is provided with a locking mechanism, and the upper iron backing plate and the locking mechanism are correspondingly provided with through holes.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the locking ring is rotatably arranged on the periphery of the locking mechanism, and the bottom of the locking ring is abutted with the insulating guard plate.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the locking mechanism comprises a locking column and a sawtooth cover plate, wherein first meshing teeth are arranged at the top of the locking column, first locking grooves are respectively formed in two sides of the top of the locking column, the locking ring is rotatably arranged on the periphery of the locking column, the top of the locking ring is parallel to the top of the locking column, second locking grooves are respectively formed in two sides of the top of the locking ring, second meshing teeth meshed with the first meshing teeth are formed in the bottom of the sawtooth cover plate, and locking strips are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the sawtooth cover plate.
When the whole vibration reduction fastener is required to be locked, the locking ring is rotated, the second locking groove at the top of the locking ring is rotated to be communicated with the first locking groove at the top of the locking column, the sawtooth cover plate is covered on the locking column and the top of the locking ring, the second meshing teeth at the bottom of the sawtooth cover plate are meshed with the first meshing teeth at the top of the locking column, and meanwhile, the locking strip at the bottom of the sawtooth cover plate is respectively clamped in the first locking groove and the second locking groove; through the cooperation locking of locking mechanism and locking ring, can be with last indisputable backing plate, insulating backplate, board under elastic backing plate and lower indisputable backing plate all by the locking effectively, this kind of locking mode takes effect when fastening anchor bolt, can provide certain pretightning force for the fastener system when fastening, has improved the holistic structural strength and the stability of this fastener, is convenient for the installation and the dismantlement of this fastener simultaneously, improves maintenance and overhauls efficiency.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the outer edge of the insulating guard plate reversely wraps the outer contour of the upper iron base plate, and the upper part of the insulating guard plate is provided with a cornice.
Because the outer edge of the insulating guard plate reversely wraps the outer contour of the upper iron base plate, and the cornice is arranged on the upper part of the insulating guard plate, the gap between the upper iron base plate and the lower iron base plate can be effectively sealed, the pollution of scrap iron, greasy dirt, dust and the like is prevented from entering the fastener, the current on the surfaces of the upper iron base plate and the lower iron base plate is caused to be conducted, the current leakage of the rail to the ground is increased, and the insulating effect is effectively improved.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the upper circumference of the locking ring is provided with a convex ring.
The convex ring can widen the peripheral width of the locking ring, is favorable for increasing the creepage distance between the locking mechanism of the lower iron base plate and the upper iron base plate, effectively blocks current conduction between the upper iron base plate and the lower iron base plate, further prevents secondary damage caused by stray current, and improves the insulation effect of the fastener.
The invention also discloses an assembly method of the track vibration damping fastener, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting the lower iron backing plate on the insulating buffer backing plate, and mounting the insulating guard plate on the upper surface of the lower iron backing plate and the side wall of a cavity;
s2, installing the elastic pad plate under the plate in a cavity of the lower iron pad plate;
S3, installing the damping limiting block between the first blocking shoulder and the second blocking shoulder;
S4, the locking mechanism and the locking ring are locked in a matched mode, and the upper iron base plate, the insulating guard plate, the lower plate elastic base plate and the lower iron base plate are locked.
The assembly method of the track vibration damping fastener can ensure that the upper iron base plate, the insulating guard plate, the elastic base plate below the plate and the lower iron base plate are firmly locked; and insulating backplate, under-plate elastic backing plate, locking ring, damping stopper form high insulation protection structure system between upper and lower iron backing plate, effectively strengthened the insulating effect between upper and lower iron backing plate, can avoid the electric current leakage, lead to the secondary harm that stray current arouses, promoted the insulating effect of this fastener, improved ballast bed concrete structure reinforcing bar, metal pipeline and rail line electrical equipment's stability in use, security and life-span.
The invention also discloses an application of the track vibration damping fastener in the field of track traffic.
The damping rail fastener is applied to rail transit such as rails and tracks, including but not limited to urban rail transit, inter-urban rail transit, light rails, high-speed railways and the like, can be matched with fasteners of various types, and can be matched with the installation hole site of the fastener system and the iron seat part of the upper iron pad according to different fastener types. The double-layer elastomer structure of the rail lower base plate and the plate lower elastic base plate in the structure provides low rigidity characteristic of the vibration reduction fastener, so that comfort, safety and operation efficiency of a rail transit system are effectively improved, noise and vibration are reduced, maintenance cost is reduced, and riding comfort of the rail transit is improved.
Drawings
The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lower iron pad structure of a track vibration damping fastener;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a rail damping buckle lower iron shim plate and a piece plate lower elastic shim plate;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a rail damping buckle lower iron pad and an insulating guard board;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view at B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of an iron pad on a track vibration damping fastener;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of an upper and lower iron pad of a track vibration damping fastener;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of one side of a damping stopper of a track vibration damping fastener;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the other side of the damping stopper of the track vibration damping fastener;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a track vibration damping fastener cover plate structure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a first shoulder structure of a track vibration damping fastener;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a track vibration damping fastener mounting cover plate;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a locking post structure of a track vibration damping fastener locking mechanism;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a sawtooth cover of a track vibration damping fastener locking mechanism;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a track vibration damping fastener;
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a track vibration damping fastener mounted on a track.
Reference numerals:
1. An insulating buffer backing plate; 2. a lower iron backing plate; 21. a cavity; 22. a first shoulder; 221. a first bending part; 222. a flange; 23. a locking mechanism; 231. locking the column; 2311. a first tooth; 2312. a first locking groove; 232. a serrated cover plate; 2321. a second tooth; 2322. a locking bar; 3. a top iron backing plate; 31. a second shoulder; 32. a convex portion; 33. a through hole; 4. an insulating guard board; 41. cornice; 5. damping limiting blocks; 51. a second bending part; 52. a shielding part; 53. a wear plate; 54. a groove; 6. an elastic backing plate under the plate; 7. a locking ring; 71. a convex ring; 72. a second locking groove; 8. a cover plate; 81. a groove; 9. a rail bearing groove; 10. spring strips; 11. an elastic pad under the rail; 12. gage block.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. In the specification, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components. The following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to illustrate the general inventive concept and should not be taken as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It may be evident, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in the drawings in order to simplify the drawings.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 1-16, a track vibration damping fastener comprises: an insulating buffer backing plate 1, a lower iron backing plate 2, an upper iron backing plate 3 and an insulating system; the insulation system comprises an insulation guard plate 4, a damping limiting block 5, an under-board elastic backing plate 6 and a locking ring 7; the lower iron backing plate 2 is provided with a cavity 21, and the plate lower elastic backing plate 6 is arranged in the cavity 21; the insulating guard plate 4 is wrapped on the upper surface of the lower iron backing plate 2 and extends to the side wall of the cavity 21; the two ends of the lower iron backing plate 2 are respectively provided with a first shoulder 22, and the two ends of the upper iron backing plate 3 are respectively provided with a second shoulder 31 matched with the first shoulder 22; the damping limiting block 5 is arranged between the first shoulder 22 and the second shoulder 31, and the damping limiting block 5 is coated above the second shoulder 31.
Specifically, this track damping fastener is through setting up insulating system, wrap up insulating backplate 4 at the upper surface of lower iron backing plate 2 and extend to cavity 21 lateral wall, simultaneously with damping stopper 5 setting up between first fender shoulder 22 and second fender shoulder 31, effectively prevent the fastener under long-term operating condition, because wearing and tearing for a long time produce the fit clearance, lead to the fastener unstability, and can effectively avoid lower iron backing plate 2 and upper iron backing plate 3 surface current to switch on and increase the electric current leakage of rail to the ground through insulating system, thereby arouse stray current's secondary harm, the stability in use of railway bed concrete structure reinforcing bar, metal pipeline and track electrical equipment along the line has been improved, the security and life-span.
Compared with the prior art, the self-locking structure at the track spike mounting holes of the upper and lower iron base plates is adopted, and the damping limiting block 5 is additionally arranged, so that the second shoulder 31 can be prevented from upwards overturning and displacing due to the impact force on the fastener during track traffic operation, the vibration and noise caused by the displacement of the second shoulder 31 during track traffic operation are reduced, the overall structural stability of the fastener is ensured, and the stability of the track traffic operation, riding comfort and vibration reduction effect are improved.
The insulating system of the fastener is made of nonmetallic materials with good insulating performance, specifically, the insulating guard plate 4 and the locking ring 7 are made of glass fiber reinforced nylon 66 materials, the damping limiting block 5 is made of TPEE materials, and the elastic pad 6 under the plate is made of NR materials; wherein, the working resistance of the elastic backing plate 6 under the plate is more than or equal to 10 8 omega, the vertical static stiffness is set to 20+/-4 kN/mm, and the dynamic and static stiffness ratio is less than or equal to 1.4; the insulation system structurally fits with the upper iron base plate 3 and the lower iron base plate 2, so that the creepage distance between the upper iron base plate and the lower iron base plate is increased, the insulation effect can be effectively improved, the leakage of stray current is avoided, the safety of the track system is improved, the risk of secondary damage caused by the leakage of the stray current is reduced, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the bottom of the upper iron pad 3 is provided with a protrusion 32 along the size of the cavity 21.
Specifically, the convex parts 32 are correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the upper iron base plate 3 along the size of the cavity 21, so that the convex parts 32 at the bottom of the upper iron base plate 3 are embedded in the cavity 21 of the lower iron base plate 2, the lower elastic base plate 6 is tightly pressed in the cavity 21, the elastic vibration reduction and insulation effects of the lower elastic base plate can be better exerted, vibration in a rail system can be effectively absorbed and isolated, the integral vibration reduction effect is improved, meanwhile, the convex parts 32 of the upper iron base plate 3 are embedded in the cavity 21 of the lower iron base plate 2, the convex parts 32 of the upper iron base plate 3 are pressed right above the lower elastic base plate 6, the integral installation height of a fastener can be effectively reduced, the installation height of the fastener is ensured to be consistent with that of a common fastener, and smooth transition and upgrading replacement of the vibration reduction fastener and the common fastener are facilitated; and compared with the traditional double-layer nonlinear fastener, the length of the anchor bolt can be effectively reduced, and the risk of shearing fracture of the bolt is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the first shoulder 22 is provided with a first bending portion 221 at each side, the damping stopper 5 is provided with a second bending portion 51 at each side, the outer side walls at each side of the second bending portion 51 are respectively abutted with the inner side walls at each side of the first bending portion 221, and the two sides of the second shoulder 31 are respectively abutted with the inner side walls at each side of the second bending portion 51.
Specifically, because the first bending parts 221 are respectively arranged at two sides of the first retaining shoulder 22, the second bending parts 51 are respectively arranged at two sides of the damping limiting block 5, the outer side walls at two sides of the second bending parts 51 are respectively abutted with the inner side walls at two sides of the first bending parts 221, two sides of the second retaining shoulder 31 are respectively abutted with the inner side walls at two sides of the second bending parts 51, the second retaining shoulder 31 is clamped in the damping limiting block 5, the damping limiting block 5 is clamped in the first retaining shoulder 22, the displacement of the upper iron pad 3 along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of a steel rail can be effectively limited, the stability and the reliability of the connection of the upper iron pad 3 and the lower iron pad 2 are ensured, the restraining effect on the longitudinal direction and the transverse displacement of the steel rail is improved, and the wedge-shaped structures corresponding to the positions of the upper iron pad retaining shoulders and the lower iron pad are combined, so that the fit clearance between the first retaining shoulder 22 and the second retaining shoulder 31 due to production tolerance or long-term abrasion is eliminated, the contact between the first retaining shoulder 22 and the second retaining shoulder 31 is tighter, and the overall stability of the whole structure is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 8, a shielding portion 52 is disposed at the top of the damping stopper 5, and the top of the second shoulder 31 abuts against the inner side wall of the shielding portion 52.
Specifically, because the damping stopper 5 top is provided with shielding portion 52, the top and the shielding portion 52 inside wall butt of second fender shoulder 31 can prevent effectively that the displacement of last indisputable backing plate 3 vertical direction from, further ensures the stability and the reliability that last indisputable backing plate 3 is connected with lower indisputable backing plate 2, has improved the restriction effect to last indisputable backing plate 3 because the rail deflects and leads to upwards displacement for fastener system wholeness can be more stable, reliable.
As shown in fig. 10-12, the top of the first shoulder 22 is provided with a cover plate 8, two sides of the bottom of the cover plate 8 are respectively provided with grooves 81, two sides of the top of the first shoulder 22 are respectively provided with flanges 222, the flanges 222 on two sides are respectively arranged in the grooves 81 on two sides, and the cover plate 8 extends to the shielding part 52.
Specifically, because the damping stopper 5 adopts TPEE to make, its thermoplastic polyester elastomer material's characteristic for damping stopper 5's rigidity and intensity are insufficient to retrain second fender shoulder 31 because of long-term vibration, still there is the problem of vertical direction displacement, through setting up apron 8 at first fender shoulder 22 top, apron 8 bottom both sides are provided with recess 81 respectively, first fender shoulder 22 top both sides are provided with flange 222 respectively, both sides flange 222 sets up respectively in both sides recess 81, apron 8 extends to on the shielding part 52, can effectively strengthen damping stopper 5's shielding part 52 rigidity and intensity, and the displacement of second fender shoulder 31 in the vertical direction has further been improved the connection steadiness of upper and lower iron backing plate, eliminate the harm of fastener deflection deformation, thereby promote the holistic stability of fastener.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a wear-resistant plate 53 is disposed on a side of the damping stopper 5 close to the second shoulder 31, and a plurality of grooves 54 are disposed on a side of the damping stopper 5 close to the first shoulder 22.
Specifically, the upper iron backing plate 3 is made of spheroidal graphite cast iron materials, relative displacement necessarily exists between the upper iron backing plate 3 and the damping limiting block 5, friction between the second blocking shoulder 31 of the upper iron backing plate 3 and the damping limiting block 5 can abrade the damping limiting block 5, the vertical rigidity of the fastener is affected, the wear-resisting plate 53 is arranged on one side, close to the second blocking shoulder 31, of the damping limiting block 5, the plurality of grooves 54 are formed on one side, close to the first blocking shoulder 22, of the damping limiting block 5, friction coefficients of the damping limiting block 5 and one side of the second blocking shoulder 31 can be effectively reduced through the wear-resisting plate 53, friction loss is reduced, when the grooves 54 can effectively reduce downward displacement of the upper iron backing plate 3, the damping limiting block 5 is extruded, the damping limiting block 5 can be properly deformed through the groove 54 structure, and the influence on the vertical rigidity of the fastener is eliminated.
As shown in fig. 1,2, 13 and 14, the lower iron pad 2 is provided with a locking mechanism 23, and the upper iron pad 3 is provided with a through hole 33 corresponding to the locking mechanism 23; the locking ring 7 is rotatably arranged on the periphery of the locking mechanism 23, and the bottom of the locking ring 7 is abutted against the insulating guard plate 4.
Further, the locking mechanism 23 includes a locking post 231 and a sawtooth cover 232, the top of the locking post 231 is provided with a first engaging tooth 2311, two sides of the top of the locking post 231 are respectively provided with a first locking groove 2312, the locking ring 7 is rotatably arranged on the periphery of the locking post 231, the top of the locking ring 7 is parallel to the top of the locking post 231, two sides of the top of the locking ring 7 are respectively provided with a second locking groove 72, the bottom of the sawtooth cover 232 is provided with a second engaging tooth 2321 engaged with the first engaging tooth 2311, and two sides of the bottom of the sawtooth cover 232 are respectively provided with a locking bar 2322.
When the whole vibration reduction fastener needs to be locked, the locking ring 7 is rotated, the second locking groove 72 at the top of the locking ring 7 is rotated to be communicated with the first locking groove 2312 at the top of the locking column 231, and then the sawtooth cover 232 is covered on the top of the locking column 231 and the locking ring 7, so that the second meshing teeth 2321 at the bottom of the sawtooth cover 232 are meshed with the first meshing teeth 2311 at the top of the locking column 231, and meanwhile, the locking strips 2322 at the bottom of the sawtooth cover 232 are respectively clamped in the first locking groove 2312 and the second locking groove 72; through the cooperation locking of locking mechanism 23 with locking ring 7, can be with last indisputable backing plate 3, insulating backplate 4, board under elastic backing plate 6 and lower indisputable backing plate 2 all by locking effectively, improved the holistic structural strength and the stability of this fastener, be convenient for the installation and the dismantlement of this fastener simultaneously, improve maintenance and maintenance efficiency.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the outer edge of the insulating shield 4 is reversely wrapped with the outer contour of the iron pad, and the upper portion is provided with a cornice 41.
Specifically, because the outer edge of the insulating guard plate 4 reversely wraps the outer contour of the upper iron base plate, and the cornice 41 is arranged on the upper part, the gap between the upper iron base plate 3 and the lower iron base plate 2 can be effectively closed, the pollution of scrap iron, greasy dirt, dust and the like is avoided from entering the fastener, the current conduction on the surfaces of the upper iron base plate and the lower iron base plate is caused, the current leakage of the rail to the ground is increased, and the insulating effect is effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the locking ring 7 is provided with a convex ring 71 at the upper circumference.
Specifically, the convex ring 71 can widen the peripheral width of the locking ring 7, which is helpful to increase the creepage distance between the locking mechanism 23 of the lower iron pad plate 2 and the upper iron pad plate 3, effectively prevent the current conduction between the upper iron pad plate 3 and the lower iron pad plate 2, further prevent the secondary hazard caused by stray current, and improve the insulation effect of the fastener.
According to the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 15 and 16, two ends of the top of the upper iron backing plate 3 are respectively provided with a rail bearing groove 9 and a spring strip 10, and a rail lower elastic backing plate 11 is arranged between the rail bearing grooves 9 at two ends and used for bearing a steel rail base; one end of the elastic strip 10 is arranged in the rail bearing groove 9, a gauge block 12 is arranged at the bottom of the other end of the elastic strip 10, and the elastic strip 10 is pressed and buckled on two sides of the steel rail base through the gauge block 12, so that the buckle is connected with the steel rail in a locking mode.
When rail transit runs on the rail, the rail can generate current, through the elastic backing plate 11 under the rail, the rail base and the upper iron backing plate 3 can be effectively prevented from being in direct contact, and when the rail transit runs, the impact force vertically downwards is buffered, the damage or deformation of the upper iron backing plate 3 is reduced, meanwhile, the elastic strip 10 is prevented from being in direct contact with the upper surface of the rail base, the current is prevented from being conducted to the upper iron backing plate 3 through the rail base and the upper surface of the base, the insulating performance of the fastener is effectively enhanced, and the secondary hazard caused by stray current is avoided.
This damping fastener is through setting up multiple insulating system, forms high insulation protection effectively between upper and lower iron backing plate to increased the creepage distance between upper and lower iron backing plate, improved the insulating effect of this fastener, avoided lower iron backing plate 2 and upper iron backing plate 3 surface current to switch on and increase rail to the electric current leakage of ground, thereby arouse stray current's secondary harm, improved ballast bed concrete structure reinforcing bar, metal pipeline and rail line electrical equipment's stability in use, security and life-span.
The invention also discloses an assembly method of the track vibration damping fastener, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a lower iron backing plate 2 on an insulating buffer backing plate 1, and mounting an insulating guard plate 4 on the upper surface of the lower iron backing plate 2 and the side wall of a cavity 21;
S2, installing the plate lower elastic backing plate 6 in the cavity 21 of the lower iron backing plate 2;
S3, a damping limiting block 5 is arranged between the first shoulder 22 and the second shoulder 31;
S4, the locking mechanism 23 and the locking ring 7 are matched and locked, so that the upper iron base plate 3, the insulating guard plate 4, the plate lower elastic base plate 6 and the lower iron base plate 2 are locked.
Specifically, the assembly method of the track vibration damping fastener can ensure that the upper iron base plate 3, the insulating guard plate 4, the lower plate elastic base plate 6 and the lower iron base plate 2 are firmly locked; and insulating backplate 4, under-plate elastic backing plate 6, locking ring 7, damping stopper 5 form high insulation protection structure system between upper and lower iron backing plate, effectively strengthened the insulating effect between upper and lower iron backing plate, can avoid the electric current leakage, lead to the secondary hazard that stray current arouses, promoted the insulating effect of this fastener, improved ballast bed concrete structure reinforcing bar, metal pipeline and track electrical equipment's stability in use, security and life-span.
The assembly step further comprises the step of installing the cover plate 8 at the top of the first retaining shoulder 22, so that the cover plate 8 covers the top of the first retaining shoulder 22 and the top of the shielding part 52 of the damping limiting block 5, the rigidity and strength of the shielding part 52 of the damping limiting block 5 can be effectively enhanced, the displacement of the second retaining shoulder 31 in the vertical direction is limited, the connection stability of the upper iron cushion plate and the lower iron cushion plate is further improved, the damage of deflection deformation of the fastener is eliminated, and the integral stability of the fastener is further improved.
The invention also discloses an application of the track vibration damping fastener in the field of track traffic.
The damping rail fastener is particularly applied to rail transit such as rails and tracks, including but not limited to urban rail transit, inter-urban rail transit, light rails, high-speed railways and the like, can be matched with fasteners of various types, and the fastener mounting hole site and the iron seat part of the upper iron base plate 3 can be designed in a matching way according to different fastener types; the double-layer elastic body structure of the under-rail elastic backing plate 10 and the under-plate elastic backing plate 6 in the structure provides the low rigidity characteristic of the vibration reduction fastener, so that the comfort, the safety and the running efficiency of a rail transit system are effectively improved, the noise and the vibration are reduced, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the riding comfort of the rail transit is improved.
In addition, compared with the existing vibration damping fastener, the vibration damping fastener does not need to additionally add an insulating sheath to the steel rail, so that the purchase and installation cost of insulating materials and the labor intensity are reduced, and under the condition that the insulating sheath is additionally arranged on a track, the existing vibration damping fastener can only maintain the rail-to-ground transition resistance of 1 omega-2 omega/kilometer through long-time use for 2-3 years; the vibration damping fastener does not need to additionally add an insulating sheath to the steel rail, can still keep the rail-to-ground transition resistance to be more than or equal to 15 ohm/km, can effectively reduce the risk of rail-to-ground current leakage, and reduces system faults caused by leakage problems, thereby improving the running reliability of the whole rail traffic.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further details of the invention may be had by the present invention, it should be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the present invention and that no limitations are intended to the scope of the invention, except insofar as modifications, equivalents, improvements or modifications are within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A track vibration damping fastener, comprising:
An insulating buffer cushion plate (1), a lower iron cushion plate (2), an upper iron cushion plate (3) and an insulating system;
the insulation system comprises an insulation guard plate (4), a damping limiting block (5), an under-plate elastic backing plate (6) and a locking ring (7);
the lower iron pad plate (2) is provided with a cavity (21), and the lower elastic pad plate (6) is arranged in the cavity (21);
the insulating guard plate (4) is wrapped on the upper surface of the lower iron base plate (2) and extends to the side wall of the cavity (21);
the two ends of the lower iron base plate (2) are respectively provided with a first shoulder (22), and the two ends of the upper iron base plate (3) are respectively provided with a second shoulder (31) matched with the first shoulder (22);
The damping limiting block (5) is arranged between the first blocking shoulder (22) and the second blocking shoulder (31), and the damping limiting block (5) is coated above the second blocking shoulder (31).
2. Rail vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the upper iron pad (3) is provided with protrusions (32) corresponding to the size of the cavity (21).
3. The track vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, wherein first bending portions (221) are respectively arranged on two sides of the first retaining shoulder (22), second bending portions (51) are respectively arranged on two sides of the damping limiting block (5), outer side walls on two sides of the second bending portions (51) are respectively abutted with inner side walls on two sides of the first bending portions (221), and two sides of the second retaining shoulder (31) are respectively abutted with inner side walls on two sides of the second bending portions (51).
4. A track vibration damping fastener according to claim 3, characterized in that a shielding part (52) is arranged at the top of the damping limiting block (5), and the top of the second blocking shoulder (31) is abutted with the inner side wall of the shielding part (52).
5. The track vibration damping fastener according to claim 4, wherein a cover plate (8) is arranged at the top of the first retaining shoulder (22), grooves (81) are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom of the cover plate (8), flanges (222) are respectively arranged at two sides of the top of the first retaining shoulder (22), the flanges (222) at two sides are respectively arranged in the grooves (81) at two sides, and the cover plate (8) extends to the shielding part (52).
6. The track vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that a wear plate (53) is arranged on one side of the damping limiting block (5) close to the second shoulder (31), and a plurality of grooves (54) are arranged on one side of the damping limiting block (5) close to the first shoulder (22).
7. Rail vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower iron pad (2) is provided with a locking mechanism (23), and the upper iron pad (3) is provided with a through hole (33) corresponding to the locking mechanism (23).
8. The track vibration damping fastener according to claim 7, characterized in that the locking ring (7) is rotatably provided at the outer periphery of the locking mechanism (23), and the bottom of the locking ring (7) abuts against the insulating guard (4).
9. A method of assembling a track vibration damping fastener according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
S1, mounting the lower iron base plate (2) on the insulating buffer base plate (1), and mounting the insulating guard plate (4) on the upper surface of the lower iron base plate (2) and the side wall of the cavity (21);
s2, installing the elastic subplate (6) in a cavity (21) of the lower iron subplate (2);
S3, installing the damping limiting block (5) between the first blocking shoulder (22) and the second blocking shoulder (31);
S4, the locking mechanism (23) and the locking ring (7) are matched and locked, so that the upper iron base plate (3), the insulating guard plate (4), the plate lower elastic base plate (6) and the lower iron base plate (2) are locked.
10. Use of a rail vibration damping fastener according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the field of rail transit.
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| CN202411386471.0A CN118958061A (en) | 2024-09-30 | 2024-09-30 | A rail vibration reduction fastener and its assembly method and application |
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| CN202411386471.0A CN118958061A (en) | 2024-09-30 | 2024-09-30 | A rail vibration reduction fastener and its assembly method and application |
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| CN117721672A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-03-19 | 沈阳龙盛铁路器材制造有限公司 | Compression basin-type iron base plate vibration reduction fastener |
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| CN108867204A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-23 | 洛阳科博思新材料科技有限公司 | Shoulder blocking type fastener system |
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