Metal casting manipulator
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manipulator, in particular to a metal casting manipulator applied to the field of metal casting equipment.
Background
In the manufacturing process of metal workpieces, the phenomenon that part of metal residues adhere to the inside of a die can occur, so that the reuse of the metal die is affected, therefore, the metal residues remained in the die are required to be removed in time, the processing efficiency of the metal workpieces can be greatly reduced by manually removing the metal residues in the die, and a large amount of heat can be released and toxic and harmful gas can be generated in the metal melting and solidification process, so that the physical health of workers is endangered, and therefore, in order to improve the processing efficiency of the metal workpieces and the physical health of the workers, the slag scraping operation of the die needs to be completed by replacing manual work with a mechanical arm.
When the existing mechanical arm works, only the mold with a single caliber and a rectangular shape can be subjected to slag scraping operation, and when the size of the mold is changed, the slag scraping device needs to be replaced, so that the slag scraping efficiency of equipment is reduced, and the process of replacing the slag scraping device by a worker is increased.
In order to solve the problem that the mechanical arm can only scrape slag to a die with a single caliber and a rectangular shape, a certain mechanical arm for metal casting in the market adopts the design of a self-adaptive elastic scraping blade, and has a certain market occupation ratio.
Chinese patent CN 111469147B specification discloses a manipulator for metal casting, and relates to the technical field of metal casting equipment. The slag scraping device comprises a mechanical arm and a slag scraping device, wherein the slag scraping device is arranged on the mechanical arm and consists of a slag scraping installation seat, a slag scraping sheet, an adjusting spring and a slag discharging device, a connecting end is arranged on the slag scraping installation seat and connected to the mechanical arm, two slag scraping guide rods are arranged on the slag scraping installation seat, the slag scraping sheet is provided with two slag scraping guide rods, two sliding connecting pieces are arranged at the end parts of the slag scraping sheet, the two sliding connecting pieces are sleeved on the two slag scraping guide rods, the adjusting spring is sleeved on the slag scraping guide rods and is positioned between the two sliding connecting pieces, and the side end of the slag scraping sheet is provided with a first chamfer.
In the metal casting process, certain danger exists when the metal liquid is poured, and a manipulator can be used for carrying out filling, transferring and pouring of the metal liquid instead of manual work or other machines, so that the effects of improving pouring efficiency and reducing pouring danger are achieved;
The existing manipulator front end is usually directly provided with a clamp to clamp a molten iron bucket filled with molten metal, when the molten metal is poured, the turning angle of the existing manipulator front end is consistent with the turning angle of the front end (manipulator) of the manipulator, and because the molten metal is heavier, a larger torsion force is formed between the existing manipulator and the manipulator, fatigue damage is caused to the manipulator and power equipment, meanwhile, the change of the angle of the existing manipulator is rapid (the turning angular speed of the manipulator is fixed, and the manipulator is enabled to turn over faster when being transferred to the molten iron bucket), so that the stable pouring of the molten metal is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of avoiding the formation of larger torsion force between the manipulator and the molten iron barrel containing molten metal, and simultaneously, the molten iron barrel can be turned over stably at a low speed, so as to achieve the effect of stable pouring.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a metal casting manipulator which comprises a mechanical arm, wherein a mounting column is fixed at the front end of the mechanical arm, and a mounting disc is rotatably connected at the front end of the mounting column;
The installation plate is provided with a sliding clamp which moves along the central axis of the installation plate in a circular way, the front end of the sliding clamp can be detachably clamped with a molten iron bucket, one side of the molten iron bucket, which is close to the installation plate, is inserted with a positioning plate, and the installation plate is provided with a deflection driving assembly which drives the positioning plate to rotate along the central axis of the installation plate in a circular way;
The rear side of the mounting plate is provided with a driving piece for driving the mounting plate or the deflection driving component to move;
The driving piece drives the positioning plate and the mounting plate to rotate relatively through the deflection driving assembly, and the rotation angular velocity is smaller than the output angular velocity of the driving piece and forms a multiple relation.
In the metal casting manipulator, when the driving piece drives the positioning plate and the mounting plate to rotate relatively through the deflection driving assembly, the molten iron barrel and the sliding clamp rotate circumferentially along the central shaft of the mounting plate, so that the molten iron barrel deflects gradually, the deflection angular speed is smaller, the deflection is stable, the effect of stably pouring molten metal in the molten iron barrel is achieved, stable pouring of molten metal is facilitated, and the pouring stability of the molten metal is improved; meanwhile, the deflection driving assembly prevents the molten iron barrel from being directly driven by the driving piece and forms larger torsion force with the driving piece, so that fatigue damage of the molten iron barrel to the driving piece is avoided;
Not only can avoid forming great torsional force between driving piece and the ladle of metal casting manipulator, simultaneously can be low-speed, stable messenger's ladle takes place to reverse, reaches the effect of stable pouring, is favorable to going on smoothly of metal casting operation to can effectually avoid when pouring molten metal the situation emergence that the molten metal splashes, overflows.
As a further supplement to the application, the yaw drive assembly comprises a driving gear, a transmission member and a driven toothed ring;
The driving gear is rotationally connected to the front end of the mounting disc and is coaxially arranged with the mounting disc;
the driving gear drives the driven gear ring to rotate through the transmission piece;
The driven gear ring is rotationally connected to the front end of the mounting plate and is coaxially arranged with the mounting plate, the outer wall of the driven gear ring is fixed with the positioning plate, and the inner diameter of the driven gear ring is larger than the diameter of the driving gear and forms a multiple relation;
the front end of the driving piece is clamped with the driving gear or the mounting disc.
In a further subsidiary aspect, the driving member includes a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear and the driven gear are engaged with each other, the driving gear is engaged with the driving gear, the driven gear is engaged with the driven toothed ring, and the driving gear and the driven gear are both rotatably connected to the front end of the mounting plate.
As a further complement of the application, the drive gear and the driven gear are both larger in diameter than the drive gear and smaller than the driven ring gear inner diameter.
As a further supplement of the application, the driving piece comprises a rotating motor, the front end of an output shaft of the rotating motor is fixed with an electric push rod through a connecting block, and the front end of a piston rod of the electric push rod is fixed with a square block;
square holes are formed in the mounting plate and the driving gear, and the square blocks are connected in the driving gear or the square holes in a sliding mode.
As another improvement of the application, a reset piece is arranged between the mounting disc and the driving gear, and when the square block is clamped in the square hole on the mounting disc, the reset piece drives the driving gear and the mounting disc to rotate relatively and reset the driving gear.
As a further improvement supplement of the application, the front end of the mounting plate is provided with a ring groove, the diameter of the ring groove is larger than the length of the square hole, and the ring groove is sleeved outside the square hole;
the reset piece comprises a reset torsion spring, and two ends of the reset torsion spring are respectively fixed with the inner wall of the ring groove and the side wall of one side of the driving gear.
As a further supplement of the application, the front end of the mounting plate is provided with a sliding groove, the sliding clamp is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the sliding groove extends along the circumference of the central shaft of the mounting plate and has an angle of more than 90 degrees and less than 240 degrees.
In summary, when the rotating motor drives the electric push rod to rotate, the electric push rod enables the square block to be clamped in the square hole of the mounting disc or the driving gear through the expansion and contraction of the piston rod, when the square block is positioned in the square hole on the driving gear, the driving gear drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear drives the driven gear ring to rotate through the transmission piece, the driven gear ring rotates along the axis of the mounting disc in a circumferential manner, at the moment, the driven gear ring drives the molten iron bucket to synchronously move through the positioning plate, and because one end of the molten iron bucket is fixed with the sliding clamp, the molten iron bucket deflects along a straight line between the positioning plate and the sliding clamp when the molten iron bucket slides, and because the positioning plate and the sliding clamp rotate along the circumference of the central axis of the mounting disc, the molten iron bucket deflects along the central axis of the mounting disc, the effect of pouring molten iron in the molten iron bucket is achieved, meanwhile, the inner diameter of the driven gear ring is larger than the diameter of the driving gear, the angular velocity of the driven gear drives the driven gear ring to rotate, the driven gear ring rotates along the axis of the mounting disc, the molten iron bucket deflects stably, the molten iron bucket at a low speed, the casting stability is improved, and the casting stability of the molten metal is facilitated; meanwhile, the deflection driving assembly prevents the molten iron barrel from being directly driven by the driving piece and forms larger torsion force with the driving piece, so that fatigue damage of the molten iron barrel to the driving piece is avoided;
Not only can avoid forming great torsional force between driving piece and the ladle of metal casting manipulator, simultaneously can be low-speed, stable messenger's ladle takes place to reverse, reaches the effect of stable pouring, is favorable to going on smoothly of metal casting operation to can effectually avoid when pouring molten metal the situation emergence that the molten metal splashes, overflows.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting plate, yaw drive assembly and mounting post of embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a molten iron ladle according to embodiment 1 of the present application when deflected;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the movement of the deflector drive assembly to deflect a ladle according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the position of the driving disk after the movement of the block according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting plate of embodiment 2 of the present application;
fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in fig. 7.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1. A mechanical arm; 2. a mounting plate; 3. a ladle; 4. a deflection drive assembly; 5. a positioning plate; 6. a sliding clamp; 7. a chute; 8. a rotating electric machine; 9. an electric push rod; 10. a mounting column; 11. a square block; 12. a drive gear; 13. a transmission gear; 14. a driven gear; 15. a driven toothed ring; 16. square holes; 17. a ring groove; 18. and a reset torsion spring.
Detailed Description
2 Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
The invention provides a metal casting manipulator, please refer to fig. 1, which comprises a mechanical arm 1, wherein a mounting column 10 is fixed at the front end of the mechanical arm 1, and a mounting disc 2 is rotatably connected at the front end of the mounting column 10;
The installation plate 2 is provided with a sliding clamp 6 which moves along the central axis of the installation plate 2 in a circular manner, the front end of the sliding clamp 6 is detachably clamped with a ladle 3, one side of the ladle 3, which is close to the installation plate 2, is inserted with a positioning plate 5, and the installation plate 2 is provided with a deflection driving assembly 4 which drives the positioning plate 5 to rotate along the central axis of the installation plate 2 in a circular manner;
a driving piece for driving the mounting plate 2 or the deflection driving component 4 to move is arranged on the rear side of the mounting plate 2;
The driving piece drives the positioning plate 5 and the mounting plate 2 to rotate relatively through the deflection driving assembly 4, and the rotation angular velocity is smaller than the output angular velocity of the driving piece and forms a multiple relation.
Based on the structure, when the driving piece passes through the deflection driving assembly 4 to drive the positioning plate 5 and the mounting plate 2 to rotate relatively, the molten iron barrel 3 and the sliding clamp 6 rotate circumferentially along the central shaft of the mounting plate 2, so that the molten iron barrel 3 deflects gradually, the deflection angular speed is smaller, the deflection is stable, the effect of pouring molten metal stably by the molten iron barrel 3 is achieved, stable pouring of molten metal is facilitated, and the pouring stability of the molten metal is improved; meanwhile, the deflection driving assembly 4 prevents the molten iron barrel 3 from being directly driven by a driving piece and forms larger torsion force with the driving piece, so that fatigue damage of the molten iron barrel 3 to the driving piece is avoided;
not only can avoid forming great torsional force between the driving piece of metal casting manipulator and the molten iron bucket 3, can make the molten iron bucket 3 take place to reverse simultaneously low-speed, stable, reach the effect of stable pouring, be favorable to going on smoothly of metal casting operation to can effectually avoid the molten metal spill, overflow the situation emergence when pouring the molten metal.
Fig. 1-2 show that the yaw drive assembly 4 comprises a driving gear 12, a transmission member and a driven toothed ring 15;
the driving gear 12 is rotatably connected to the front end of the mounting plate 2 and is coaxially arranged with the mounting plate 2;
the driving gear 12 drives the driven gear ring 15 to rotate through a transmission piece;
the driven gear ring 15 is rotationally connected to the front end of the mounting plate 2 and is coaxially arranged with the mounting plate 2, the outer wall of the driven gear ring 15 is fixed with the positioning plate 5, and the inner diameter of the driven gear ring 15 is larger than the diameter of the driving gear 12 and forms a multiple relation;
the front end of the driving piece is clamped with the driving gear 12 or the mounting disc 2.
When the driving member drives the driving gear 12 to rotate, the driving gear 12 drives the driven toothed ring 15 to rotate through the driving member, the driven toothed ring 15 rotates along the axis circumference of the mounting plate 2, at the moment, the driven toothed ring 15 drives the iron bucket 3 to synchronously move through the positioning plate 5, and as one end of the iron bucket 3 is fixed with the sliding clamp 6, the iron bucket 3 deflects along a straight line between the positioning plate 5 and the sliding clamp 6 when sliding, and as the positioning plate 5 and the sliding clamp 6 rotate along the circumference of the central axis of the mounting plate 2, the iron bucket 3 deflects along the central axis of the mounting plate 2, the effect of pouring molten metal in the iron bucket 3 is achieved, and meanwhile, as the inner diameter of the driven toothed ring 15 is larger than the diameter of the driving gear 12 and forms a multiple relationship, the angular speed of the driven toothed ring is increased, and finally the stable and low-speed deflection effect of the iron bucket 3 is achieved.
Fig. 2-3 show that the transmission member comprises a transmission gear 13 and a driven gear 14, the transmission gear 13 and the driven gear 14 are meshed with each other, the transmission gear 13 is meshed with the driving gear 12, the driven gear 14 is meshed with the driven toothed ring 15, and the transmission gear 13 and the driven gear 14 are both connected to the front end of the mounting disc 2 in a rotating manner; the diameter of the driving gear 13 and the diameter of the driven gear 14 are larger than the diameter of the driving gear 12 and smaller than the inner diameter of the driven gear ring 15, which are not shown in the figure.
By the arrangement of the transmission gear 13 and the driven gear 14, the effect of speed reduction transmission is achieved, so that a larger angular speed difference can be formed between the driving gear 12 and the driven gear ring 15, and the required speed reduction effect is achieved.
Fig. 2 and 6 show that the driving piece comprises a rotating motor 8, an electric push rod 9 is fixed at the front end of an output shaft of the rotating motor 8 through a connecting block, and a square block 11 is fixed at the front end of a piston rod of the electric push rod 9;
Square holes 16 are formed on the mounting plate 2 and the driving gear 12, and the square block 11 is slidably connected in the driving gear 12 or the square holes 16.
The electric push rod 9 is driven to rotate through the rotating motor 8, the square 11 is clamped in the square hole 16 of the mounting disc 2 or the driving gear 12 through the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the electric push rod 9, so that the effect of independently driving the mounting disc 2 or the driving gear 12 to rotate is achieved, the requirement of integrally rotating the mounting disc 2 or independently rotating the driving gear 12 is met, and the use is more flexible.
Fig. 1 and 4 show that the front end of the mounting plate 2 is provided with a sliding groove 7, the sliding clamp 6 is slidably mounted in the sliding groove 7, the sliding groove 7 extends along the circumference of the central shaft of the mounting plate 2, and the angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 240 degrees, so that the sliding clamp 6 can slide conveniently.
Embodiment 2:
fig. 7-8 show that a reset piece is installed between the mounting plate 2 and the driving gear 12, and when the square block 11 is clamped in the square hole 16 on the mounting plate 2, the reset piece drives the driving gear 12 to rotate relative to the mounting plate 2 and enables the driving gear 12 to reset;
the front end of the mounting plate 2 is provided with an annular groove 17, the diameter of the annular groove 17 is larger than the length of the square hole 16, and the annular groove 17 is sleeved outside the square hole 16;
The reset piece comprises a reset torsion spring 18, and two ends of the reset torsion spring 18 are respectively fixed with the inner wall of the annular groove 17 and the side wall of one side of the driving gear 12.
Through the setting of reset torsion spring 18 for there is certain torsional force between driving gear 12 and mounting disc 2, thereby make mounting disc 2 can drive driving gear 12, drive gear 13, driven gear 14 and driven ring gear 15 synchronous rotation when rotating, thereby drive the synchronous rotation of iron cask 3, realize carrying out the effect of wide-angle reversal to iron cask 3, thereby satisfy the purpose that uses this metal casting manipulator to overturn fast to iron cask 3, secondly, can make driving gear 12 can reset by reset torsion spring 18's torsion influence after breaking away from with square 11, realize the quick reset of iron cask 3.
The present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are adopted in connection with the actual demands, and various changes made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application are still within the scope of the present application.