CN118950212B - A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine pieces - Google Patents

A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118950212B
CN118950212B CN202411432004.7A CN202411432004A CN118950212B CN 118950212 B CN118950212 B CN 118950212B CN 202411432004 A CN202411432004 A CN 202411432004A CN 118950212 B CN118950212 B CN 118950212B
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China
Prior art keywords
extrusion
shell
fixedly connected
frame
grinding
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CN202411432004.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN118950212A (en
Inventor
高建军
邵君
罗伟
王喜清
侯夏新
张东麟
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Gansu Qikun Agricultural Development Co ltd
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Gansu Qikun Agricultural Development Co ltd
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Publication of CN118950212A publication Critical patent/CN118950212A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/065—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within rotatable bowls, e.g. meat cutters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2216—Discharge means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/10—Mills in which a friction block is towed along the surface of a cylindrical or annular member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
    • B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
    • B08B9/087—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by methods involving the use of tools, e.g. brushes, scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/04—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member
    • B26D1/06—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
    • B26D7/14—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by tensioning the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C2018/162—Shape or inner surface of shredder-housings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于中药研磨技术领域，具体公开了一种用于中药饮片的多级研磨设备。包括有支撑架，所述支撑架固接有第一电动推杆，所述第一电动推杆的伸缩端固接有升降板，所述升降板固接有第一电机，所述第一电机的输出轴上设置有万向轴，所述万向轴转动连接有研磨壳，所述万向轴固接有传动杆，所述传动杆滑动连接有升降壳，所述升降壳设置有均匀分布的研磨刀，所述支撑架球接有摆动块，所述摆动块固接有第二电机，所述第二电机的输出轴固接有传动轴，所述研磨壳设置有连接块。本发明通过升降板向上移动使研磨壳偏斜，并通过传动轴和连接块带动研磨壳转动，使研磨壳内的药材翻转，增加药材的混乱程度。

The present invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicine grinding, and specifically discloses a multi-stage grinding device for Chinese medicine slices. It comprises a support frame, the support frame is fixedly connected with a first electric push rod, the telescopic end of the first electric push rod is fixedly connected with a lifting plate, the lifting plate is fixedly connected with a first motor, a universal shaft is arranged on the output shaft of the first motor, the universal shaft is rotatably connected with a grinding shell, the universal shaft is fixedly connected with a transmission rod, the transmission rod is slidably connected with a lifting shell, the lifting shell is provided with uniformly distributed grinding knives, the support frame is ball-connected with a swing block, the swing block is fixedly connected with a second motor, the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft, and the grinding shell is provided with a connecting block. The present invention deflects the grinding shell by moving the lifting plate upward, and drives the grinding shell to rotate by the transmission shaft and the connecting block, so that the medicinal materials in the grinding shell are turned over, and the degree of disorder of the medicinal materials is increased.

Description

Multistage grinding equipment for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine grinding, in particular to multi-stage grinding equipment for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces.
Background
The traditional Chinese medicine refers to a substance which is used for preventing, treating and diagnosing diseases and has rehabilitation and health care effects under the guidance of a traditional Chinese medicine theory, a general traditional Chinese medicine is convenient to cook and weigh, a worker can process and process traditional Chinese medicine into slices (namely traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces), so that a patient can conveniently brew and drink the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, the slices traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces still need longer time when being cooked and infused, more medicinal components cannot be easily boiled out, the medicinal components of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces (hereinafter referred to as medicinal materials) cannot be fully utilized, people can grind the medicinal materials through a grinder before boiling the medicinal materials, the medicinal materials are enabled to be cooked after being in powder form, the traditional grinding device generally grinds the medicinal materials through a crushing cutter which rotates at a high speed, the medicinal materials are enabled to be in uniform distribution after being ground, but in the actual use process, the quantity of particles is gradually ground, the diameters of single particles are gradually reduced, large-particle medicinal materials positioned near the inner wall of the grinding device are blocked by other medicinal materials and cannot move in the normal crushing cutter direction, the flowability of the medicinal materials is caused, the medicinal materials cannot be ground, and the grinding process of the medicinal materials cannot be completely influenced by the traditional grinding device, and the grinding process cannot be completely and the grinding of the medicinal materials is still enabled to be carried out, and the grinding of the medicinal materials is still in the grinding process is not normally influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides multistage grinding equipment for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, which aims at solving the defects that the traditional grinding device is easy to grind and not supplement when grinding medicinal materials and needs to grind for multiple times.
The technical scheme is that the multistage grinding equipment for the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces comprises a supporting frame, wherein a first electric push rod is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the supporting frame, a lifting plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first electric push rod, a first motor is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, a universal shaft is arranged on an output shaft of the first motor, one end of the universal shaft, which is far away from the lifting plate, is rotationally connected with a grinding shell, a separating plate is fixedly connected to one side, which is close to the universal shaft, in the grinding shell, a transmission rod is fixedly connected to one end, which is far away from the lifting plate, of the universal shaft, a lifting shell which is rotationally connected with the separating plate is slidingly connected to the transmission rod, uniformly distributed grinding knives are arranged on the outer side of the lifting shell, a rotating frame is fixedly connected with the lifting shell, a coarse breaking knife which is circumferentially distributed is fixedly connected to one side, which is far away from the separating plate, of the upper portion of the supporting frame is rotationally connected with a swinging block in a ball mode, a second motor is fixedly connected to the lower side of the swinging block, a transmission shaft which is fixedly connected with the second motor is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, a connecting block which is rotationally connected with the grinding shell, a connecting block which is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft, and an adjusting mechanism which is used for driving the lifting shell to move.
Preferably, the rough breaking knife is made of elastic materials, and an inclined plane facing the center direction of the grinding shell is arranged on the inner side of the rough breaking knife and is used for pushing materials to the center direction of the lifting shell in the rotating process.
Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating rod, the rotating rod is rotationally connected to one side, close to the universal shaft, of the separating plate, one side, close to the universal shaft, of the separating plate is rotationally connected with a rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve is in sliding connection with the lifting shell, a gear is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve, the rotating rod is provided with a gear, the gear is in transmission fit with the gear on the rotating sleeve, a tension spring is arranged between the lifting shell and the universal shaft, an extrusion block is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the rotating rod, the extrusion block is in extrusion fit with the lifting shell, and an extrusion assembly for compressing coarse blades distributed circumferentially is arranged on the transmission rod.
As the preference, extrusion subassembly is including the stand pipe, the stand pipe rigid coupling communicates in the one end that the cardan shaft was kept away from to the transfer line, stand pipe and lift shell sliding connection, the transfer line is provided with stock solution chamber and feed liquor hole, the stock solution chamber of transfer line passes through feed liquor hole and lift shell intercommunication, one side sliding connection that the lift shell was kept away from to the stand pipe has the slip cap, stand pipe upper portion is provided with the fluid-discharge hole of circumference distribution, the slip cap communicates with the fluid-discharge hole on the stand pipe, one side rigid coupling that the stand pipe was kept away from to the slip cap has the extrusion frame, circumference distribution's thick broken sword all with extrusion frame extrusion fit, be provided with circumference distribution on the extrusion frame and be used for driving the rotatory rotating assembly of adjacent thick broken sword torsion, be provided with the cutting mechanism that is used for cutting the material on the stand pipe.
Preferably, the length of the guide tube is greater than the sum of the length of the lifting shell and the length of the sliding sleeve for normal movement of the lifting shell and the sliding sleeve.
Preferably, the rotating assembly comprises a telescopic rod fixedly connected to one side of the extrusion frame, which is close to the separating plate, the telescopic rod is communicated with the sliding sleeve through a hose, a push plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod, a limiting groove is formed in the extrusion frame, the push plate is located in the adjacent limiting groove of the extrusion frame and slides in the same, an arc-shaped cavity is formed in the extrusion frame, an arc-shaped rack is fixedly connected in the arc-shaped cavity of the extrusion frame, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the rough breaking knife, the push plate is in extrusion fit with the adjacent connecting rod, a curved sliding groove is formed in the extrusion frame, the connecting rod is located in the adjacent curved sliding groove and slides, a gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod, and the gear is meshed with the adjacent arc-shaped rack.
Preferably, the cutting mechanism comprises symmetrically distributed connecting rings, the symmetrically distributed connecting rings are all connected onto the guide pipe in a sliding manner, the circumferentially distributed extruding plates are connected to the opposite sides of the symmetrically distributed connecting rings in a sliding manner, the circumferentially distributed extruding plates are in extrusion fit with the symmetrically distributed connecting rings, the sliding sleeve and the lifting shell are in extrusion fit with the adjacent connecting rings, the guide pipe is connected with symmetrically distributed sliding rings in a sliding manner, the symmetrically distributed sliding rings are located between the symmetrically distributed connecting rings, tension springs are arranged between the symmetrically distributed sliding rings, and the circumferentially distributed extruding plates are in extrusion fit with the sliding rings.
Preferably, the extruding plate is provided with symmetrically distributed inclined planes, the thickness of the middle part of the extruding plate is larger than that of the two sides of the extruding plate, the sliding rings are in extrusion fit with the adjacent inclined planes on the extruding plate, and the inclined planes of the extruding plate are used for pushing the symmetrically distributed sliding rings to separate.
Preferably, the cleaning mechanism is arranged on the second motor and is used for cleaning materials adhered in the grinding shell, the cleaning mechanism comprises a second electric push rod, the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the second motor, a sliding frame is connected to a spline of the transmission shaft, the telescopic end of the second electric push rod is in extrusion fit with the sliding frame, a tension spring is arranged between the sliding frame and the second motor, an extrusion ring is fixedly connected to one side, far away from the second motor, of the sliding frame, the extrusion ring is in sliding connection with the transmission shaft, the extrusion ring is in extrusion fit with the grinding shell, the connecting block is in rotary connection with the grinding shell, a cleaning rod distributed circumferentially is fixedly connected to one side, far away from the transmission shaft, of the connecting block, and the cleaning rod is in sliding connection with the grinding shell, and a fixing mechanism used for fixing the grinding shell is arranged on the support frame.
Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing frame, the supporting frame is provided with symmetrically distributed guide grooves, the fixing frame is connected with the symmetrically distributed guide grooves on the supporting frame in a sliding mode, the fixing frame is in limit fit with the grinding shell, a spring is arranged between the fixing frame and the supporting frame, a symmetrically distributed blind hole is formed in the fixing frame, a limiting rod is connected in the blind hole in a sliding mode, a spring is arranged between the limiting rod and the fixing frame, the supporting frame is provided with symmetrically distributed limiting grooves, and the limiting rod is in limit fit with the adjacent limiting grooves on the supporting frame.
Compared with the prior art, the grinding device has the advantages that 1, when the medicinal materials are ground, the grinding shell is deflected by the upward movement of the lifting plate, and is driven to rotate by the transmission shaft and the connecting block, so that the medicinal materials in the grinding shell are overturned, the mess degree of the medicinal materials is increased, the situation that the medicinal materials cannot be ground around the inner wall of the grinding shell is avoided, and the medicinal materials are coarsely crushed by the coarse crushing knife in the grinding process, so that the medicinal materials form small particles, and the grinding speed is increased.
2. According to the invention, in the grinding process, the adjacent connecting rods are extruded by the push plates, and the connecting rods drive the adjacent rough cutting knives to rotate to form inclined planes, so that the rough cutting knives push the unfinished medicinal materials to the center of the grinding shell in the rotating process, and the grinding speed of the medicinal materials is increased.
3. When the medicinal materials with the fibers are ground, the extruding plates are extruded through the two connecting rings, the extruding plates extrude the wound fibers, so that the fibers are tensioned, and then the sliding rings drive the cutting knife to move to cut the fibers, so that the fibers are prevented from being wound on the guide tube, and the normal grinding of the medicinal materials is prevented from being influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a first electric putter, a lifter plate and a first motor according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the grinding shell, the separating plate and the lifting shell of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a rotary rod, a rotary sleeve and an extrusion block according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a guide tube, a sliding sleeve and an extrusion frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the drive rod, lifting shell and squeeze block of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the push plate, arcuate rack and connecting rod of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the telescopic link, push plate and arcuate rack of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a guide tube, a connecting ring and a squeeze plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the connecting ring, sliding ring and cutter of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a carriage, cleaning bar and mount of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a second electric putter, carriage and compression ring according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a drive shaft, a carriage and a compression ring according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a three-dimensional structure of the support frame, the fixing frame and the limit lever according to the present invention.
The reference numerals are 1-supporting frame, 2-first electric push rod, 3-lifting plate, 4-first motor, 5-universal shaft, 6-grinding shell, 7-separating plate, 8-transmission rod, 9-lifting shell, 10-rotating frame, 11-rough breaking knife, 12-swinging block, 13-second motor, 14-transmission shaft, 15-connecting block, 21-rotating rod, 22-rotating sleeve, 23-extrusion block, 31-guiding tube, 32-sliding sleeve, 33-extrusion frame, 41-telescopic rod, 42-push plate, 43-arc rack, 44-connecting rod, 51-connecting ring, 52-extrusion plate, 53-sliding ring, 54-cutting knife, 61-second electric push rod, 62-sliding frame, 63-extrusion ring, 64-cleaning rod, 81-fixing frame and 82-limiting rod.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, illustrative examples and illustrations of which are provided herein to illustrate the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The current grinder grinds the medicinal material when grinding the medicinal material, generally all grind the medicinal material through the crushing sword of high-speed rotation, but in grinding process, the power of the removal of medicinal material only relies on the power when crushing sword grinds the medicinal material to provide, this partial power reduces gradually in the transmission process, the power that causes part to lie in the nearby medicinal material of grinder inner wall to receive is less, can't move and by the grinding together, and current grinder can't promote the nearby medicinal material of its inner wall near the crushing sword at the in-process of grinding, result in partial medicinal material can't be ground completely, cause the circumstances that the medicinal material after grinding still has large granule medicinal material, influence the flow to the normal boiling of medicinal material.
Example 1: the multistage grinding equipment for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, referring to figures 1-6, comprises a support frame 1, wherein the lower part of the support frame 1 is fixedly connected with two first electric push rods 2 which are distributed in a bilateral symmetry way, the telescopic ends of the two first electric push rods 2 are fixedly connected with a lifting plate 3 together, the middle part of the lifting plate 3 is fixedly connected with a first motor 4, the output shaft of the first motor 4 is provided with a universal shaft 5, the universal shaft 5 consists of three sections, namely, the upper section of the universal shaft 5 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the first motor 4, the upper section of the universal shaft 5 is rotatably connected with a grinding shell 6, the universal shaft 5 is used for driving the grinding shell 6 to rotate, so that the grinding shell 6 is deflected, the upper part of the grinding shell 6 is provided with a feed inlet, the lower part of the grinding shell 6 is provided with a discharge hole, the lower part in the grinding shell 6 is fixedly connected with a separating plate 7, the discharge hole of the grinding shell 6 is communicated with the separating plate 7, the upper end of the upper joint of the universal shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a transmission rod 8, the upper part of the transmission rod 8 is connected with a lifting shell 9 in a sliding manner, the lifting shell 9 is rotationally connected with a separating plate 7, grinding knives which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the outer side of the lifting shell 9 and are used for grinding medicinal materials, a rotating frame 10 is fixedly connected in the middle of the lifting shell 9, the rotating frame 10 is rotationally connected with the separating plate 7, the rotating frame 10 is positioned on the upper side of the separating plate 7, four coarse crushing knives 11 which are circumferentially distributed are fixedly connected on the upper side of the rotating frame 10 and are used for primarily crushing the medicinal materials, so that the medicinal materials are crushed into small blocks as soon as possible, the grinding knives of the lifting shell 9 are convenient for grinding the medicinal materials, the coarse crushing knives 11 are made of elastic materials, the front side of the rotating direction of the coarse crushing knives 11 is provided with inclined planes which face the center direction of the grinding shell 6, and the inclined planes of the coarse crushing knives 11 are used for pushing the medicinal materials to the center direction of the lifting shell 9 in the rotating process, the upper portion ball of support frame 1 has connect swing piece 12, swing piece 12 downside rigid coupling has second motor 13, the rotational speed of the output shaft of second motor 13 is less than the rotational speed of the output shaft of first motor 4, the output shaft rigid coupling of second motor 13 has transmission shaft 14, transmission shaft 14 is connected with grinding shell 6 rotation, the upper portion in grinding shell 6 is provided with connecting block 15, transmission shaft 14 and connecting block 15 rigid coupling, connecting block 15 is used for driving grinding shell 6 rotation, the downside of division board 7 is provided with the adjustment mechanism who is used for driving lifting shell 9 and removes.
Referring to fig. 3-6, the adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating rod 21, the rotating rod 21 is rotatably connected to the lower side of the separating plate 7, the lower side of the separating plate 7 is rotatably connected with a rotating sleeve 22, the rotating sleeve 22 is slidably connected with a lifting shell 9, a gear is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the rotating sleeve 22, a gear is arranged in the middle of the rotating rod 21 and is in transmission fit with the gear on the rotating sleeve 22, the gear is used for driving the rotating rod 21 to rotate intermittently through an adjacent gear in the rotating process of the lifting shell 9, a tension spring is arranged between the lifting shell 9 and the universal shaft 5 and used for driving the lifting shell 9 to move downwards for resetting, the lower portion of the rotating rod 21 is fixedly connected with a squeezing block 23, the squeezing block 23 is provided with two inclined planes which are distributed in front-back symmetry, both inclined planes of the squeezing block 23 are in squeezing fit with the lifting shell 9, in the rotating process of the rotating rod 21, the inclined planes of the squeezing block 23 are used for upwards squeezing the lifting shell 9, and a squeezing component used for compressing circumferentially distributed rough cutters 11 is arranged on the driving rod 8.
Referring to fig. 3-5, the extrusion assembly comprises a guide tube 31, hydraulic oil is filled in the guide tube 31, the guide tube 31 is fixedly connected and communicated with the upper end of a transmission rod 8, the guide tube 31 is in sliding connection with a lifting shell 9, a liquid storage cavity and four liquid inlet holes are formed in the upper part of the transmission rod 8, the liquid storage cavity of the transmission rod 8 is communicated with the lifting shell 9 through the liquid inlet holes, hydraulic oil is filled in the lifting shell 9, hydraulic oil in the lifting shell 9 enters the liquid storage cavity through the liquid inlet holes in the transmission rod 8 in the upward moving process of the lifting shell 9, a sliding sleeve 32 is slidably connected to the upper part of the guide tube 31, the length of the guide tube 31 is larger than the sum of the length of the lifting shell 9 and the length of the sliding sleeve 32, the guide tube 31 is used for enabling the lifting shell 9 and the sliding sleeve 32 not to contact after moving to the limit position, so that the device cannot normally run, the guide tube 31 divides the sliding sleeve 32 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, four liquid discharging holes distributed circumferentially are formed in the upper portion of the guide tube 31, hydraulic oil is filled in the sliding sleeve 32, the lower chamber of the sliding sleeve 32 is communicated with the liquid discharging holes in the guide tube 31, hydraulic oil in a liquid storage chamber of the transmission rod 8 enters the lower chamber of the sliding sleeve 32 through the liquid discharging holes of the guide tube 31, the sliding sleeve 32 moves downwards, an extrusion frame 33 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the sliding sleeve 32, the four rough crushing blades 11 are in extrusion fit with the extrusion frame 33, when the extrusion frame 33 moves downwards, the extrusion frame 33 extrudes the upper portions of the four rough crushing blades 11 downwards, so that the four rough crushing blades 11 are bent and deformed, four rotating assemblies which are distributed circumferentially and used for driving the adjacent rough crushing blades 11 to twist are arranged on the extrusion frame 33, and a cutting mechanism used for cutting materials is arranged on the guide tube 31.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 7 and fig. 8, the rotating assembly comprises a telescopic rod 41, the telescopic rod 41 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the extrusion frame 33, the telescopic rod 41 is communicated with the upper side cavity of the sliding sleeve 32 through a hose, when the sliding sleeve 32 moves downwards, hydraulic oil in the upper side cavity of the sliding sleeve 32 enters the telescopic rod 41, the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 41 stretches out, the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 41 is fixedly connected with a push plate 42, the front end of the push plate 42 deflects rightwards relative to the rear end of the push plate 42 (taking the view angle of fig. 7 as a reference), a limiting groove is formed in the extrusion frame 33, the push plate 42 is positioned in the adjacent limiting groove on the extrusion frame 33 and slides, an arc-shaped cavity is formed in the extrusion frame 33, an arc-shaped rack 43 is fixedly connected in the arc-shaped cavity of the extrusion frame 33, the upper part of the rough crushing cutter 11 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 44, the push plate 42 is in extrusion fit with the adjacent connecting rod 44, the push plate 42 is used for pushing the adjacent connecting rod 44 to move, the connecting rod 44 is positioned in the adjacent chute on the extrusion frame 33, a gear is fixedly connected with the upper end of the connecting rod 44, the gear is fixedly connected with the gear on the adjacent connecting rod 44, the gear is meshed with the adjacent connecting rod 44 on the adjacent gear 44, the rough cutter 11 is meshed with the rough cutter 11 along the rough cutter 11, and the rough cutter 11 is rotated on the rough cutter 11, and the rough cutter 11 is bent and the rough cutter 11 is rotated outwards by rolling the rough cutter, and the rough cutter 11 is bent and rolled on the rough cutter 11, and the rough cutter is bent down along the rolling cutter, and the rough cutter is rolled.
Referring to fig. 4, 9 and 10, the cutting mechanism includes two connecting rings 51 symmetrically distributed up and down, the two connecting rings 51 are both slidably connected to the guide tube 31, the diameters of the opposite sides of the two connecting rings 51 are smaller than those of the opposite sides of the two connecting rings, four extrusion plates 52 circumferentially distributed are slidably connected to the opposite sides of the two connecting rings 51, four guide grooves are formed in the sides of the connecting rings 51, the extrusion plates 52 are located in adjacent guide grooves to slide, the four extrusion plates 52 are in extrusion fit with the sides of the two connecting rings 51, the extrusion plates 52 are pushed outwards by the sides of the connecting rings 51 in the process of approaching the two connecting rings 51, the sliding sleeve 32 and the lifting shell 9 are in extrusion fit with the adjacent connecting rings 51, when the sliding sleeve 32 and the lifting shell 9 are approaching each other, the sliding sleeve 32 and the lifting shell 9 extrude the adjacent connecting rings 51, the side surfaces of the two connecting rings 51 are jointly extruded to act on the extruding plate 52, so that the extruding plate 52 moves outwards, the wound fiber is tightened, the treatment is convenient, the guide tube 31 is connected with two sliding rings 53 which are symmetrically distributed up and down in a sliding way, a tension spring is arranged between the two sliding rings 53 which are positioned between the two connecting rings 51, the tension spring is in a stretching state at the beginning and is used for pulling the two sliding rings 53, the extruding plate 52 is provided with two inclined surfaces which are symmetrically distributed up and down, the thickness of the middle part of the extruding plate 52 is larger than the thickness of the two sides of the extruding plate 52, the sliding rings 53 are in extrusion fit with the adjacent inclined surfaces on the extruding plate 52, the two inclined surfaces of the extruding plate 52 are used for pushing the two sliding rings 53 to be separated, the elastic coefficient of the tension spring between the two sliding rings 53 is larger than that between the two sliding rings 53 which are adjacent to the lifting shell 9 is used for ensuring that the extruding plate 52 is reset, the sliding rings 53 are fixedly connected with evenly distributed cutters 54, for cutting the tensioned fibers of the stripper plate 52.
When the device is used for grinding medicinal materials, the medicinal materials to be ground are put into the device by the staff through the feed inlet on the grinding shell 6, after a proper amount of medicinal materials are put into, the feed inlet of the grinding shell 6 is sealed by the staff, then two first electric push rods 2 are started, the telescopic ends of the two first electric push rods 2 drive the lifting plate 3 to move upwards together, the lifting plate 3 drives the first motor 4 to move upwards, the universal shaft 5 deflects to one side (taking the upper end of the universal shaft 5 deflects leftwards as an example, the staff can adjust the deflection direction of the universal shaft 5 according to the situation in actual use), the upper end of the universal shaft 5 drives the lower part of the grinding shell 6 to move leftwards, the lower part of the grinding shell 6 swings leftwards by taking the swinging block 12 as the circle center, then the parts in the grinding shell 6 swing leftwards, the connecting block 15 drives the second motor 13 through the transmission shaft 14, the grinding shell 6 and the parts in the grinding shell are deflected, until the telescopic ends of the first electric push rods 2 completely extend, the grinding shell 6 stops moving and completes the adjustment of the device (hereinafter, the movement process of the parts is described as the movement direction of the parts is convenient to understand when the movement direction of the parts is not described, and the movement direction of the parts is not described).
After the grinding shell 6 stops moving, a worker starts the first motor 4 and the second motor 13, the output shaft of the first motor 4 drives the transmission rod 8 to rotate anticlockwise through the universal shaft 5 (from the top down in view of fig. 1), the transmission rod 8 drives the lifting shell 9 and the guide tube 31 to rotate synchronously, the lifting shell 9 drives the uniformly distributed grinding knives on the lifting shell and the rotating frame 10 to rotate synchronously, the grinding knives grind medicinal materials in the rotating process, the rotating frame 10 drives the four rough grinding knives 11 on the rotating frame to enable the rough grinding knives 11 to crush massive medicinal materials in the rotating process, the medicinal materials are crushed into small particles as soon as possible, the grinding knives are convenient to grind the medicinal materials, and the guide tube 31 drives the two connecting rings 51, the two sliding rings 53 and the sliding sleeve 32 to rotate synchronously, and the sliding sleeve 32 drives the extruding frame 33 and parts on the extruding frame 33 to rotate synchronously.
After the second motor 13 is started, the output shaft of the second motor 13 drives the transmission shaft 14 to rotate, the transmission shaft 14 drives the connecting block 15 to synchronously rotate, the connecting block 15 drives the grinding shell 6 to rotate, so that the grinding shell 6 drives the traditional Chinese medicine in the grinding shell 6 to move, the traditional Chinese medicine is turned over along with the rotation of the traditional Chinese medicine in the grinding shell 6, the situation that the traditional Chinese medicine cannot move near the inner wall of the grinding shell 6, so that the grinding knife on the lifting shell 9 cannot grind the part of medicinal materials, insufficient grinding still exists after the medicinal materials are ground, and the medicinal material boiling efficiency is affected.
In the process of rotating the lifting shell 9, the lifting shell 9 drives the rotating sleeve 22 to rotate, the rotating sleeve 22 drives the gear on the rotating rod 21 to rotate, the gear on the rotating rod 21 is intermittently driven to rotate by the gear, then the rotating rod 21 drives the extrusion block 23 to rotate clockwise (from the view angle of fig. 1, from top to bottom), the extrusion block 23 gradually approaches the lifting shell 9, as the rotating rod 21 rotates, after the inclined plane of the upper rear side of the extrusion block 23 contacts with the lower side surface of the lifting shell 9, the inclined plane of the rear side of the extrusion block 23 upwards extrudes the lifting shell 9, the lifting shell 9 drives parts on the lifting shell to move upwards and stretch adjacent tension springs, the lifting shell 9 drives grinding knives on the lifting shell to move upwards, hydraulic oil in the lifting shell enters a liquid storage cavity in the grinding shell through a liquid inlet on the transmission rod 8, then the hydraulic oil enters the guide pipe 31 and is discharged to a lower cavity of the sliding sleeve 32 from a liquid discharge hole on the guide pipe 31, the sliding sleeve 32 drives the extrusion frame 33 and parts on the sliding sleeve 33 to move downwards, the extrusion frame 33 downwards to extrude four rough crushing blades 11, so that the rough crushing blades 11 are extruded by the downward movement of the extrusion frame 33, the rough grinding blades 11 are not separated from the rough grinding blades 11 to the rough grinding shell 11 after the rough grinding shell is separated from the rough grinding shell 11, and the rough grinding shell is not separated from the rough grinding shell 11, and the rough grinding shell is moved to the rough grinding shell is removed from the rough grinding shell and the grinding shell.
In the process of moving the extrusion frame 33 downward, hydraulic oil in the cavity at the upper side of the sliding sleeve 32 enters into four telescopic rods 41 (taking the left telescopic rod 41 as an example), so that the telescopic ends of the telescopic rods 41 drive adjacent pushing plates 42 to move towards the inner wall of the grinding shell 6, after the pushing plates 42 are contacted with adjacent connecting rods 44, the pushing plates 42 squeeze the adjacent connecting rods 44, so that the connecting rods 44 drive the adjacent rough cutting blades 11 and gears to move forward, the gears drive the connecting rods 44 to rotate under the action of the adjacent arc racks 43, the connecting rods 44 drive the upper parts of the adjacent rough cutting blades 11 to twist towards the inner wall of the grinding shell 6 (spiral after rotating), and the rough cutting blades 11 push medicinal materials towards the lifting shell 9 in the rotating process (similar to inclined plane pushing materials to move), so that the flowing speed of the medicinal materials in the grinding shell 6 is increased, the probability of contact with the grinding blades on the lifting shell 9 is increased, the grinding speed of the medicinal materials is accelerated, and the rough cutting blades 11 do not continue twisting after the telescopic ends of the telescopic rods 41 do not move any more.
Along with the continuous rotation of the extrusion block 23 driven by the rotating rod 21, the inclined surface at the rear side of the extrusion block 23 is gradually contacted with the lifting shell 9, the extrusion force of the extrusion block 23 to the lifting shell 9 is gradually reduced, the lifting shell 9 moves downwards to reset under the action of the adjacent tension spring, the lower part of the lifting shell 9 extracts hydraulic oil in the cavity at the lower side of the sliding sleeve 32 through the transmission rod 8 and the guide tube 31, the sliding sleeve 32 drives the extrusion frame 33 to move upwards to reset, the extrusion force of the extrusion frame 33 to the four rough cutting blades 11 is reduced, the rough cutting blades 11 gradually stretch to reset until the extrusion block 23 is separated from the lifting shell 9, the lifting shell 9 stops moving and completes resetting, the sliding sleeve 32 and parts on the sliding sleeve stop moving, in the process, the cavity on the upper side of the sliding sleeve 32 extracts hydraulic oil in the four telescopic rods 41, the telescopic rods 41 drive the adjacent push plates 42 to move rightwards for resetting, the extrusion force of the push plates 42 to the adjacent connecting rods 44 is reduced, the coarse crushing cutter 11 drives the connecting rods 44 to reversely rotate and reset under the action of self restoring force, so that gears on the connecting rods 44 drive the gears to move and reset along the adjacent arc racks 43, after the push plates 42 are separated from the adjacent connecting rods 44, the connecting rods 44 stop moving, the coarse crushing cutter 11 finishes resetting, after the extrusion blocks 23 are contacted with the lifting shell 9 again, the lifting shell 9 repeatedly moves upwards in the process to deform the coarse crushing cutter 11 and gather medicinal materials.
After the medicinal material is ground, the first motor 4 and the second motor 13 are closed by a worker, the grinding shell 6 and parts in the grinding shell are not rotated any more, the first electric push rod 2 is started by the worker, the telescopic ends of the two first electric push rods 2 drive the lifting plate 3 to move downwards to reset, the first motor 4 moves downwards to reset, the universal shaft 5 is pulled by the output shaft of the first motor 4, the universal shaft 5 is gradually vertical and drives the grinding shell 6 to rotate to reset, the grinding shell 6 drives the second motor 13 to swing and reset through the connecting block 15 and the transmission shaft 14, and then the medicinal material after grinding is taken out by the worker.
When the above medicinal materials are ground, if the ground medicinal materials have longer fibers, the fibers of a part of medicinal materials are wound on the outer sides of the extrusion plates 52 along with grinding the medicinal materials, in the process that the lifting shell 9 and the sliding sleeve 32 are mutually close, the lifting shell 9 and the sliding sleeve 32 respectively extrude the adjacent connection rings 51, so that the two connection rings 51 are mutually close and extrude the four extrusion plates 52, the four extrusion plates 52 can move outwards, the wound fibers are tightened, the connection rings 51 move along with the connection rings 51, the adjacent sliding rings 53 are pushed by the connection rings 51 to synchronously move, the sliding rings 53 drive the cutters 54 on the connection rings 53 to synchronously move until the sliding rings 53 are separated from the adjacent inclined surfaces on the extrusion plates 52, the limit of the sliding rings 53 is released by the extrusion plates 52, the two sliding rings 53 are mutually close under the action of the adjacent tension springs and drive the cutters 54 on the extrusion plates to move, the cutters 54 cut the fibers tightened by the extrusion plates 52 in the moving process, the fibers are prevented from being wound on the guide pipes 31, the lifting shell 9 and the sliding sleeves 32 can not normally move, the normal use of the device is influenced, the normal use of the sliding rings is stopped until the sliding rings 53 are reset, and the cutters are stopped after the sliding rings 53 are moved outwards, and the sliding rings 53 are reset, and the sliding plates are stopped, and the movement of the sliding plates are stopped.
In the process of resetting the lifting shell 9, the extrusion force of the sliding sleeve 32 and the lifting shell 9 to the adjacent connecting rings 51 is gradually reduced and drives the adjacent connecting rings 51 to reset, the extruding plate 52 is driven by the adjacent connecting rings 51 to move inwards to reset, in the process, the inclined surfaces of the extruding plate 52 extrude the two sliding rings 53, the two sliding rings 53 drive the cutters 54 on the two sliding rings to reset and stretch the adjacent tension springs, until the lifting shell 9 is reset, the connecting rings 51 and the sliding rings 53 are reset and stop moving, and then the fiber is cleaned again by repeating the process when the lifting shell 9 is lifted.
When the current device grinds the medicinal material, partial medicinal material can adhere at the inner wall of device, for avoiding the interior remaining powder of device to mix with the medicinal material of follow-up grinding, leads to the unable normal use of medicinal material after the grinding, and the staff needs to clear up the side wall earlier and just can grind next time, leads to the device unable continuous grinding work, influences the efficiency that the medicinal material was ground.
Based on embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 11-13, the embodiment 2 further comprises a cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism is arranged on the second motor 13, the cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning medicinal materials adhered in the grinding shell 6, the cleaning mechanism comprises a second electric push rod 61, the second electric push rod 61 is fixedly connected to the right side of the second motor 13, a transmission shaft 14 is in spline connection with a sliding frame 62, the telescopic end of the second electric push rod 61 is in extrusion fit with the sliding frame 62, the telescopic end of the second electric push rod 61 is used for pushing the sliding frame 62 to move downwards, a tension spring is arranged between the sliding frame 62 and the second motor 13 and used for driving the sliding frame 62 to move upwards for resetting, an extrusion ring 63 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 14 in a sliding manner, the extrusion ring 63 is in extrusion fit with the grinding shell 6, after the sliding frame 62 moves downwards, the extrusion ring 63 extrudes the upper part of the grinding shell 6, the grinding shell 6 rotates synchronously with an output shaft of the second motor 13, four circumferentially distributed cleaning rods 64 are fixedly connected to the lower side of the connecting block 15, the cleaning rods 64 are connected with the sliding shell 6 and the sliding ring 63 are fixedly connected with the grinding shell 6, and the cleaning ring 64 is fixedly arranged on the grinding shell 6, and the cleaning mechanism is fixedly connected with the four grinding shell 6, and the cleaning ring is used for fixing and adhering to the grinding shell 6, and the cleaning mechanism is fixedly arranged on the grinding support frame 6.
Referring to fig. 11 and 14, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing frame 81, a supporting frame 1 is provided with two symmetrically distributed guide slots, the fixing frame 81 is slidably connected to the supporting frame 1, and the fixing frame 81 is located in the two guide slots of the supporting frame 1, the fixing frame 81 is in limit fit with the grinding shell 6, the fixing frame 81 extrudes the grinding shell 6, so that the grinding shell 6 cannot move, the grinding shell 6 cannot rotate during loading and discharging, the normal running of the loading and discharging is avoided, a spring is arranged between the fixing frame 81 and the supporting frame 1, the fixing frame 81 is provided with two blind holes symmetrically distributed left and right, a limit rod 82 is slidably connected in the blind holes, a spring is arranged between the limit rod 82 and the fixing frame 81, the spring is in a compressed state initially, the lower parts of the two guide slots on the supporting frame 1 are all provided with limit slots, and the limit rod 82 is in limit fit with the adjacent limit slots on the supporting frame 1, after the fixing frame 81 moves to the lower parts of the guide slots, the limit rod 82 enters the limit slots, the limit rod 82 cannot move, the fixing frame 81 is prevented from moving and limiting the grinding shell 6 in the grinding process, and the normal running of the grinding is avoided.
After the medicinal materials are added, a worker pushes the fixing frame 81 downwards, the fixing frame 81 is separated from the grinding shell 6, so that the limit to the grinding shell 6 is released, the grinding shell 6 can rotate, along with the downward movement of the fixing frame 81 along the guide groove of the support frame 1, the fixing frame 81 compresses adjacent springs and moves to drive the two limiting rods 82 to move downwards, after the fixing frame 81 moves to the lower part of the guide groove, the worker stops pushing the fixing frame 81, the two limiting rods 82 stop moving, at the moment, the limiting rods 82 are coaxial with the adjacent limiting grooves on the support frame 1, the limiting rods 82 enter the limiting grooves under the pushing of the adjacent springs to limit the fixing frame 81, and the phenomenon that the fixing frame 81 is contacted with the grinding shell 6 again in the process of grinding the medicinal materials is avoided, so that the normal grinding of the medicinal materials is affected.
After the fixing frame 81 is limited, a worker starts the second electric push rod 61, the telescopic end of the second electric push rod 61 presses the sliding frame 62 downwards, the sliding frame 62 stretches the adjacent tension spring and drives the adjacent pressing ring 63 to move downwards, the pressing ring 63 moves downwards to gradually approach the grinding shell 6 until the pressing ring 63 contacts with the grinding shell 6, the worker closes the second electric push rod 61, at the moment, the pressing ring 63 presses and limits the grinding shell 6, so that the grinding shell 6 is driven to synchronously rotate by the pressing ring 63 when the telescopic end of the second motor 13 rotates, then the worker starts the first electric push rod 2, the lifting plate 3 drives the first motor 4 to move upwards, the universal shaft 5 drives the grinding shell 6 to deflect again, and then the first motor 4 and the second motor 13 are started to grind medicinal materials.
In the process of grinding medicinal materials, the transmission shaft 14 drives the sliding frame 62 to rotate through the spline, the sliding frame 62 drives the extrusion ring 63 to rotate, the extrusion ring 63 drives the grinding shell 6 to synchronously rotate so as to turn over the medicinal materials, the transmission shaft 14 drives the four cleaning rods 64 to synchronously rotate along with the grinding shell 6 through the connecting block 15, the cleaning rods 64 are prevented from rotating relative to the grinding shell 6 for a long time, abrasion of the cleaning rods 64 is caused, the bonding degree between the cleaning rods 64 and the grinding shell 6 is affected, and after the medicinal materials are ground, an electric element is turned on by a worker to be closed.
After the medicinal materials are ground and the lifting plate 3 is reset, a worker pushes the fixing frame 81 upwards, the fixing frame 81 drives the two limiting rods 82 to move upwards, the limiting rods 82 are extruded by the adjacent limiting grooves on the supporting frame 1, the limiting rods 82 are gradually retracted into the fixing frame 81 and compress the adjacent springs, after the limiting rods 82 are separated from the adjacent limiting grooves on the supporting frame 1, the limiting rods 82 release the limiting of the fixing frame 81, the fixing frame 81 moves upwards under the pushing of the adjacent springs and limits the grinding shell 6 again, and the grinding shell 6 is prevented from rotating during material taking, so that the collection of the medicinal materials is affected.
After the medicinal materials in the grinding shell 6 are collected, the second electric push rod 61 is started by a worker, the telescopic end of the second electric push rod 61 moves upwards to reduce the extrusion force to the sliding frame 62, the sliding frame 62 drives the extrusion ring 63 to move upwards under the action of the adjacent tension spring, the extrusion ring 63 is separated from the grinding shell 6 to release the limit of the grinding shell 6, the worker starts the second motor 13 and the first motor 4 again, the output shaft of the second motor 13 drives the four cleaning rods 64 to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft 14 and the connecting block 15, the cleaning rods 64 rotate relative to the grinding shell 6, the inclined planes on the cleaning rods 64 scrape and clean medicinal material powder adhered to the inner wall of the grinding shell 6, the residual medicinal materials in the grinding shell 6 are prevented from being mixed with the medicinal materials ground next time, the use of the medicinal materials after grinding is affected, the lifting shell 9 drives the rotating frame 10 to rotate in the process, the rotating frame 10 cleans the upper side surfaces of the separating plate 7, the medicinal materials scraped by the four cleaning rods 64 are pushed out from the discharge port in the cleaning process, and the worker closes the second motor 13 after the cleaning is completed.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.一种用于中药饮片的多级研磨设备，包括有支撑架（1），所述支撑架（1）的下部固接有第一电动推杆（2），所述第一电动推杆（2）的伸缩端固接有升降板（3），所述升降板（3）固接有第一电机（4），其特征在于：还包括有万向轴（5），所述万向轴（5）设置于所述第一电机（4）的输出轴上，所述万向轴（5）远离所述升降板（3）的一端转动连接有研磨壳（6），所述研磨壳（6）内靠近所述万向轴（5）的一侧固接有分离板（7），所述万向轴（5）远离所述升降板（3）的一端固接有传动杆（8），所述传动杆（8）滑动连接有与所述分离板（7）转动连接的升降壳（9），所述升降壳（9）外侧设置有均匀分布的研磨刀，所述升降壳（9）固接有转动架（10），所述转动架（10）与所述分离板（7）转动连接，所述转动架（10）远离所述分离板（7）的一侧固接有周向分布的粗破刀（11），所述支撑架（1）的上部球接有摆动块（12），所述摆动块（12）的下侧固接有第二电机（13），所述第二电机（13）的输出轴固接有与所述研磨壳（6）转动连接的传动轴（14），所述研磨壳（6）设置有与所述传动轴（14）固接的连接块（15），所述分离板（7）上靠近所述万向轴（5）的一侧设置有用于带动所述升降壳（9）移动的调节机构；1. A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine slices, comprising a support frame (1), a first electric push rod (2) being fixedly connected to the lower part of the support frame (1), a lifting plate (3) being fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first electric push rod (2), and a first motor (4) being fixedly connected to the lifting plate (3), and the lifting plate (3) being fixedly connected to the first motor (4), characterized in that: it also comprises a universal shaft (5), the universal shaft (5) being arranged on the output shaft of the first motor (4), an end of the universal shaft (5) away from the lifting plate (3) being rotatably connected to a grinding shell (6), a side of the grinding shell (6) close to the universal shaft (5) being fixedly connected to a separation plate (7), an end of the universal shaft (5) away from the lifting plate (3) being fixedly connected to a transmission rod (8), and the transmission rod (8) being slidably connected to a lifting shell (6) rotatably connected to the separation plate (7) 9), the outer side of the lifting shell (9) is provided with uniformly distributed grinding knives, the lifting shell (9) is fixedly connected to a rotating frame (10), the rotating frame (10) is rotatably connected to the separation plate (7), the side of the rotating frame (10) away from the separation plate (7) is fixedly connected to circumferentially distributed rough breaking knives (11), the upper part of the support frame (1) is ball-connected with a swing block (12), the lower side of the swing block (12) is fixedly connected to a second motor (13), the output shaft of the second motor (13) is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft (14) rotatably connected to the grinding shell (6), the grinding shell (6) is provided with a connecting block (15) fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (14), and the side of the separation plate (7) close to the universal shaft (5) is provided with an adjustment mechanism for driving the lifting shell (9) to move; 所述传动杆（8）上设置有用于压缩周向分布的所述粗破刀（11）的挤压组件；所述挤压组件包括有导向管（31），所述导向管（31）固接并连通于所述传动杆（8）远离所述万向轴（5）的一端，所述导向管（31）与所述升降壳（9）滑动连接，所述传动杆（8）设置有储液腔和进液孔，所述传动杆（8）的储液腔通过进液孔与所述升降壳（9）连通，所述导向管（31）远离所述升降壳（9）的一侧滑动连接有滑动套（32），所述导向管（31）上部设置有周向分布的排液孔，所述滑动套（32）与所述导向管（31）上的排液孔连通，所述滑动套（32）远离所述导向管（31）的一侧固接有挤压架（33），周向分布的所述粗破刀（11）均与所述挤压架（33）挤压配合，所述挤压架（33）上设置有周向分布的用于带动相邻所述粗破刀（11）扭转的转动组件，所述导向管（31）上设置有用于切割物料的切割机构；The transmission rod (8) is provided with an extrusion assembly for compressing the circumferentially distributed rough breaking knives (11); the extrusion assembly includes a guide tube (31), the guide tube (31) is fixedly connected to and communicated with an end of the transmission rod (8) away from the universal shaft (5), the guide tube (31) is slidably connected to the lifting shell (9), the transmission rod (8) is provided with a liquid storage cavity and a liquid inlet hole, the liquid storage cavity of the transmission rod (8) is communicated with the lifting shell (9) through the liquid inlet hole, and the side of the guide tube (31) away from the lifting shell (9) is slidably connected to A sliding sleeve (32), the upper part of the guide tube (31) is provided with circumferentially distributed drainage holes, the sliding sleeve (32) is communicated with the drainage holes on the guide tube (31), a side of the sliding sleeve (32) away from the guide tube (31) is fixedly connected to an extrusion frame (33), the circumferentially distributed rough breaking knives (11) are all extruded and matched with the extrusion frame (33), the extrusion frame (33) is provided with circumferentially distributed rotating components for driving the adjacent rough breaking knives (11) to twist, and the guide tube (31) is provided with a cutting mechanism for cutting materials; 所述转动组件包括有伸缩杆（41），所述伸缩杆（41）固接于所述挤压架（33）靠近所述分离板（7）的一侧，所述伸缩杆（41）通过软管与所述滑动套（32）连通，所述伸缩杆（41）的伸缩端固接有推板（42），所述挤压架（33）内设置有限位槽，所述推板（42）位于所述挤压架（33）上相邻的限位槽内滑动，所述挤压架（33）内设置有弧形腔，所述挤压架（33）的弧形腔内固接有弧形齿条（43），所述粗破刀（11）的上部固接有连接杆（44），所述推板（42）与相邻的所述连接杆（44）挤压配合，所述挤压架（33）设置有曲滑槽，所述连接杆（44）位于所述挤压架（33）上相邻的曲滑槽内滑动，所述连接杆（44）的上端固接有齿轮，该齿轮与相邻的所述弧形齿条（43）啮合。The rotating assembly comprises a telescopic rod (41), the telescopic rod (41) being fixedly connected to a side of the extrusion frame (33) close to the separation plate (7), the telescopic rod (41) being connected to the sliding sleeve (32) via a hose, the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (41) being fixedly connected to a push plate (42), a limiting groove being provided in the extrusion frame (33), the push plate (42) being located in an adjacent limiting groove on the extrusion frame (33) and sliding, and an arc is provided in the extrusion frame (33). The extrusion frame (33) has an arc-shaped cavity, an arc-shaped rack (43) is fixedly connected in the arc-shaped cavity of the extrusion frame (33), a connecting rod (44) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the rough breaking knife (11), the push plate (42) is extruded and matched with the adjacent connecting rod (44), the extrusion frame (33) is provided with a curved slide groove, the connecting rod (44) is located on the extrusion frame (33) and slides in the adjacent curved slide groove, and a gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod (44), and the gear is meshed with the adjacent arc-shaped rack (43). 2.按照权利要求1所述的一种用于中药饮片的多级研磨设备，其特征在于：所述粗破刀（11）为弹性材质制造，且其内侧设置有朝向所述研磨壳（6）中心方向的斜面，用于使所述粗破刀（11）在转动过程中向所述升降壳（9）的中心方向推动物料。2. A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine slices according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coarse breaking knife (11) is made of elastic material, and its inner side is provided with an inclined surface facing the center direction of the grinding shell (6), which is used to enable the coarse breaking knife (11) to push the material toward the center direction of the lifting shell (9) during rotation. 3.按照权利要求1所述的一种用于中药饮片的多级研磨设备，其特征在于：所述调节机构包括有转动杆（21），所述转动杆（21）转动连接于所述分离板（7）靠近所述万向轴（5）的一侧，所述分离板（7）靠近所述万向轴（5）的一侧转动连接有转动套（22），所述转动套（22）与所述升降壳（9）滑动连接，所述转动套（22）固接有缺齿轮，所述转动杆（21）设置有齿轮，该齿轮与所述转动套（22）上的缺齿轮传动配合，所述升降壳（9）与所述万向轴（5）之间设置有拉簧，所述转动杆（21）下部固接有挤压块（23），所述挤压块（23）与所述升降壳（9）挤压配合。3. A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine slices according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjustment mechanism includes a rotating rod (21), the rotating rod (21) is rotatably connected to the side of the separation plate (7) close to the universal shaft (5), the side of the separation plate (7) close to the universal shaft (5) is rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve (22), the rotating sleeve (22) is slidably connected to the lifting shell (9), the rotating sleeve (22) is fixedly connected with a missing gear, the rotating rod (21) is provided with a gear, the gear is transmission-matched with the missing gear on the rotating sleeve (22), a tension spring is provided between the lifting shell (9) and the universal shaft (5), and the lower part of the rotating rod (21) is fixedly connected with an extrusion block (23), and the extrusion block (23) is extrusion-matched with the lifting shell (9). 4.按照权利要求3所述的一种用于中药饮片的多级研磨设备，其特征在于：所述导向管（31）的长度大于所述升降壳（9）的长度和所述滑动套（32）和长度之和，用于使所述升降壳（9）和所述滑动套（32）正常移动。4. A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine slices according to claim 3, characterized in that: the length of the guide tube (31) is greater than the sum of the length of the lifting shell (9) and the length of the sliding sleeve (32), and is used to enable the lifting shell (9) and the sliding sleeve (32) to move normally. 5.按照权利要求4所述的一种用于中药饮片的多级研磨设备，其特征在于：所述切割机构包括有对称分布的连接环（51），对称分布的所述连接环（51）均滑动连接于所述导向管（31）上，对称分布的所述连接环（51）相向侧共同滑动连接有周向分布的挤压板（52），且周向分布的所述挤压板（52）均与对称分布的所述连接环（51）挤压配合，所述滑动套（32）和所述升降壳（9）均与相邻所述连接环（51）挤压配合，所述导向管（31）滑动连接有对称分布的滑动环（53），对称分布的所述滑动环（53）位于对称分布的所述连接环（51）之间，对称分布的所述滑动环（53）之间设置有拉簧，周向分布的所述挤压板（52）均与所述滑动环（53）挤压配合，所述滑动环（53）固接有均匀分布的切割刀（54）。5. A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine slices according to claim 4, characterized in that: the cutting mechanism includes symmetrically distributed connecting rings (51), the symmetrically distributed connecting rings (51) are all slidably connected to the guide tube (31), the symmetrically distributed connecting rings (51) facing each other are slidably connected with circumferentially distributed extrusion plates (52), and the circumferentially distributed extrusion plates (52) are all extrusion-matched with the symmetrically distributed connecting rings (51), the sliding sleeve (32) and the lifting shell (9) are extrusion-matched with adjacent connecting rings (51), the guide tube (31) is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed sliding rings (53), the symmetrically distributed sliding rings (53) are located between the symmetrically distributed connecting rings (51), tension springs are arranged between the symmetrically distributed sliding rings (53), the circumferentially distributed extrusion plates (52) are all extrusion-matched with the sliding rings (53), and the sliding rings (53) are fixed with uniformly distributed cutting knives (54). 6.按照权利要求5所述的一种用于中药饮片的多级研磨设备，其特征在于：所述挤压板（52）设置有对称分布的斜面，且所述挤压板（52）中部的厚度大于其两侧的厚度，所述滑动环（53）与所述挤压板（52）上相邻的斜面挤压配合，所述挤压板（52）的斜面用于推动对称分布的所述滑动环（53）分离。6. A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine slices according to claim 5, characterized in that: the extrusion plate (52) is provided with symmetrically distributed inclined surfaces, and the thickness of the middle part of the extrusion plate (52) is greater than the thickness of the two sides thereof, the sliding ring (53) is extruded and matched with the adjacent inclined surfaces on the extrusion plate (52), and the inclined surfaces of the extrusion plate (52) are used to push the symmetrically distributed sliding rings (53) to separate. 7.按照权利要求1所述的一种用于中药饮片的多级研磨设备，其特征在于：还包括有清理机构，所述清理机构设置于所述第二电机（13）上，所述清理机构用于清理所述研磨壳（6）内粘附的物料，所述清理机构包括有第二电动推杆（61），所述第二电动推杆（61）固接于所述第二电机（13），所述传动轴（14）花键连接有滑动架（62），所述第二电动推杆（61）的伸缩端与所述滑动架（62）挤压配合，所述滑动架（62）与所述第二电机（13）之间设置有拉簧，所述滑动架（62）远离所述第二电机（13）的一侧固接有挤压环（63），所述挤压环（63）与所述传动轴（14）滑动连接，所述挤压环（63）与所述研磨壳（6）挤压配合，所述连接块（15）与所述研磨壳（6）转动连接，所述连接块（15）远离所述传动轴（14）的一侧固接有周向分布的清洁杆（64），所述清洁杆（64）与所述研磨壳（6）滑动连接，所述支撑架（1）上设置有用于固定所述研磨壳（6）的固定机构。7. A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine slices according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism is arranged on the second motor (13), the cleaning mechanism is used to clean the material adhered to the grinding shell (6), the cleaning mechanism includes a second electric push rod (61), the second electric push rod (61) is fixedly connected to the second motor (13), the transmission shaft (14) is splined with a sliding frame (62), the telescopic end of the second electric push rod (61) is pressed and matched with the sliding frame (62), and the sliding frame (62) is connected to the second motor (13). 3), a tension spring is arranged between the sliding frame (62) and the second motor (13), a pressing ring (63) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding frame (62) away from the second motor (13), the pressing ring (63) is slidably connected to the transmission shaft (14), the pressing ring (63) is pressed and matched with the grinding shell (6), the connecting block (15) is rotatably connected to the grinding shell (6), the side of the connecting block (15) away from the transmission shaft (14) is fixedly connected to a circumferentially distributed cleaning rod (64), the cleaning rod (64) is slidably connected to the grinding shell (6), and a fixing mechanism for fixing the grinding shell (6) is arranged on the support frame (1). 8.按照权利要求7所述的一种用于中药饮片的多级研磨设备，其特征在于：所述固定机构包括有固定架（81），所述支撑架（1）设置有对称分布的导向槽，所述固定架（81）滑动连接于所述支撑架（1）上对称分布的导向槽，所述固定架（81）与所述研磨壳（6）限位配合，所述固定架（81）与所述支撑架（1）之间设置有弹簧，所述固定架（81）设置有对称分布的盲孔，该盲孔内滑动连接有限位杆（82），所述限位杆（82）与所述固定架（81）之间设置有弹簧，所述支撑架（1）设置有对称分布的限位槽，所述限位杆（82）与所述支撑架（1）上相邻的限位槽限位配合。8. A multi-stage grinding device for Chinese herbal medicine slices according to claim 7, characterized in that: the fixing mechanism includes a fixing frame (81), the support frame (1) is provided with symmetrically distributed guide grooves, the fixing frame (81) is slidably connected to the symmetrically distributed guide grooves on the support frame (1), the fixing frame (81) and the grinding shell (6) are limitedly matched, a spring is provided between the fixing frame (81) and the support frame (1), the fixing frame (81) is provided with symmetrically distributed blind holes, a limiting rod (82) is slidably connected in the blind hole, a spring is provided between the limiting rod (82) and the fixing frame (81), the support frame (1) is provided with symmetrically distributed limiting grooves, and the limiting rod (82) is limitedly matched with the adjacent limiting grooves on the support frame (1).
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