CN118927006A - Machine tool waste treatment device - Google Patents

Machine tool waste treatment device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118927006A
CN118927006A CN202411433612.XA CN202411433612A CN118927006A CN 118927006 A CN118927006 A CN 118927006A CN 202411433612 A CN202411433612 A CN 202411433612A CN 118927006 A CN118927006 A CN 118927006A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
plate
screen
discharge
guide
sieve
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Granted
Application number
CN202411433612.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN118927006B (en
Inventor
王常勤
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Anhui Jinshi Intelligent Machine Tool Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Jinshi Intelligent Machine Tool Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202411433612.XA priority Critical patent/CN118927006B/en
Publication of CN118927006A publication Critical patent/CN118927006A/en
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Publication of CN118927006B publication Critical patent/CN118927006B/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of screening, in particular to a machine tool waste treatment device, which comprises a screen cylinder, wherein a first screen plate is arranged in the screen cylinder; the device is also provided with a main shaft, a first driving piece, an air injection groove, a second driving piece, an external air source, a diversion channel and a discharge structure; the main shaft is respectively connected with the first sieve plate and the first driving piece; jet slot top the bottom of the first sieve plate is attached; the inner cavity of the air injection groove is connected with an external air source; the first end part and the second end part in the diversion channel are attached to the top of the first sieve plate; a first screen is arranged in the second end part; the discharging structure is arranged on the diversion channel and is used for discharging the plug in the second end part; the action end of the second driving piece is respectively connected with the air injection groove and the diversion channel and is used for driving the air injection groove and the diversion channel to do reciprocating motion in the radial direction of the first sieve plate; the first end part and the second end part are distributed along the circumferential direction of the sieve plate; the invention can effectively clear the first sieve plate without dismantling the first sieve plate, and is beneficial to improving the recovery efficiency of the cooling liquid.

Description

Machine tool waste treatment device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of screening, in particular to a machine tool waste treatment device.
Background
In the cutting operation process of the machine tool, in order to avoid the influence of high temperature and the like on machining precision, the machining part is cooled by spraying cooling liquid; the sprayed cooling liquid is mixed with scraps obtained by cutting in the cutting process to form a waste mixture; most businesses screen the waste mixture for recycling the coolant.
In part of the prior art, screening the waste mixture by using a screen; however, after a large number of sieves, the sieves are very prone to clogging; in the face of the above situation, part of enterprises directly replace the screen, but the replacement cost is high; and after the screen is removed, part of enterprises adopt high-pressure gas and the like to flush the screen so as to remove the blocking part, thereby realizing the recycling of the screen; however, the mode influences the recovery efficiency of the cooling liquid, and in addition, the blocking material is easy to splash after being mixed with high-pressure gas in the flushing process, so that the production environment is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a machine tool waste treatment device, which aims to solve the technical problem that the blockage of a sieve plate in the prior art affects the recovery efficiency of cooling liquid.
The machine tool waste treatment device comprises a screen cylinder, wherein a first screen plate is arranged in the screen cylinder; the device is also provided with a main shaft, a first driving piece, an air injection groove, a second driving piece, an external air source, a diversion channel and a discharge structure;
The main shaft is fixedly connected with the first sieve plate, and the top end of the main shaft is connected with the first driving piece;
The top end of the air injection groove is of an open structure and is attached to the bottom of the first sieve plate;
The inner cavity of the air injection groove is connected with an external air source;
the flow guide channel is arranged above the first sieve plate, and the first end part and the second end part in the flow guide channel are attached to the top of the first sieve plate;
the overlooking projection of the first end part coincides with the overlooking projection of the top end of the jet tank;
a first screen is arranged in the second end part;
the discharging structure is arranged on the diversion channel and is used for discharging the plug in the second end part;
The action end of the second driving piece is respectively connected with the air injection groove and the diversion channel and is used for driving the air injection groove and the diversion channel to do reciprocating motion in the radial direction of the first sieve plate;
The first end part and the second end part are distributed along the circumferential direction of the sieve plate.
Further, the discharging structure comprises an upper collecting bin, a second screen, a discharging plate, a resetting piece, a first discharging notch and a sealing plate;
The upper collection bin is arranged on the diversion channel and is positioned at one side of the second end part, which is away from the first end part;
the upper collection bin is connected with the inner cavity of the flow guide channel through a flow guide window, and a second screen is arranged in the flow guide window;
A discharging window I is arranged on one side, away from the end part I, of the upper collecting bin;
The discharge plate is slidably arranged in the first discharge window;
The resetting piece is arranged on the upper collecting bin, and the movable end of the resetting piece is connected with the discharge plate;
The diversion channel, the air injection groove and the upper collection bin form a whole A;
The first discharging notch is formed in the screen cylinder and used for enabling one end of the whole A to move out of the screen cylinder;
The sealing plate is arranged on the outer wall of the screen cylinder, and the top and the bottom of the sealing plate are respectively coplanar with the top and the bottom of the first screen plate and are used for sealing the first end part, the second end part and the part of the top end of the jet slot, which moves out of the screen cylinder, when the whole A moves out of the screen cylinder;
In the process of moving the whole A out of the screen cylinder, the movable end of the reset piece is contacted with the inner wall of the screen cylinder and is compressed, so that the first discharging window is gradually opened; when no external force acts, the reset piece enables the discharge plate to seal the first discharge window.
Further, a lower collecting bin, a second sieve plate and a driving rod are also arranged and connected with the outer wall of the air injection groove; the lower collection bin is of an open top structure, and the top of the lower collection bin is attached to the bottom of the first sieve plate;
the overlooking projection of the top end in the lower collection bin coincides with the overlooking projection of the second end;
A second discharging window is formed in the side wall, close to the second driving part, of the lower collecting bin;
a second sieve plate is arranged in the second discharging window;
Two ends of the second sieve plate are respectively connected with the inner wall of the second discharging window in a rotating way through a rotating shaft, and at least one rotating shaft is connected with the second discharging window through a torsion spring;
A stop block is further arranged in the second discharging window, the torsion spring enables the first end of the second sieve plate to move towards the stop block until the first end of the second sieve plate is attached to the stop block when no external force acts, and the second sieve plate seals the second discharging window;
The driving rod is arranged outside the screen cylinder and used for driving the first end of the second screen plate to enable the second discharge window to be opened when the lower collection bin moves out of the screen cylinder along with the whole A through the first discharge notch.
Further, a guide rail is also arranged;
The extending direction of the guide rail is the same as the reciprocating direction of the flow guide channel, one end of the guide rail is sleeved on the main shaft, and the other end of the guide rail passes through the first discharging gap and is connected with an external structure;
The guide rail is connected with the diversion channel in a sliding way;
the first end part and the second end part are respectively arranged at two sides of the guide rail.
Further, the diversion channel, the first screen, the upper collection bin, the second screen, the discharge plate, the reset piece, the lower collection bin, the second screen plate, the driving rod, the rotating shaft, the torsion spring, the stop block and the guide rail form a whole B;
the number of the whole B is two;
the two guide rails share one end part, and the end part is sleeved on the main shaft;
The two integers B are symmetrically arranged on the vertical plane where the axis of the main shaft is;
the first end part is one and is shared by the two integral parts B.
Further, a first receiving box is also arranged;
The first receiving box is arranged on the outer wall of the screen cylinder; the first material receiving box is communicated with the inner cavity of the screen cylinder through the first material discharging notch, and the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the inner cavity of the first material receiving box is lower than the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the first material discharging notch.
Further, an inverted cone coaming is also arranged in the screen cylinder; the bottom end of the inverted cone-shaped coaming is communicated with a guide cylinder;
The bottom of draft tube is located screen cylinder bottom top, the draft tube overcoat is equipped with rather than the annular bounding wall of mutual non-contact, the top horizontal elevation of annular bounding wall is greater than the bottom horizontal elevation of draft tube.
Further, a sewage disposal plate is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the screen cylinder;
The sewage draining plate and the main shaft are coaxially distributed;
the bottom end of the main shaft penetrates through the sewage draining plate and is rotationally connected with the bottom of the screen cylinder;
the annular coaming is hoisted in the screen cylinder through a plurality of connecting arms, and the bottom of the annular coaming is attached to the top of the sewage disposal plate;
a spiral material guide structure with one end arranged in the guide cylinder is arranged on the inner wall of the annular coaming, and the bottom of the spiral material guide structure is attached to the top of the pollution discharge plate and is used for guiding materials in the annular coaming out of the annular coaming;
A sewage draining door is arranged on the screen drum;
A guide plate fixedly connected with the inner wall of the screen cylinder is arranged between the inner wall of the bottom end of the screen cylinder and the annular coaming, and the bottom of the guide plate is attached to the top of the sewage disposal plate and is used for guiding materials in the screen cylinder into and out of the sewage disposal door;
The main shaft is sleeved with a ratchet wheel fixedly connected with the main shaft, and the pollution discharge plate is provided with a pawl matched with the ratchet wheel; during screening operation, when the first driving part drives the main shaft to rotate positively, the sewage draining plate does not rotate, and during sewage draining operation, the driving part drives the main shaft to rotate reversely, the ratchet wheel drives the sewage draining plate to rotate reversely around the main shaft through the pawl, materials in the annular coaming are guided out of the inner cavity of the annular coaming through the spiral material guiding structure, and materials between the annular coaming and the inner wall of the screen cylinder are guided out of the screen cylinder through the sewage draining door through the guide plate.
Further, a lead-out structure is also arranged;
the guiding structure comprises a strip guiding block, a conveying belt, a second discharging notch, a transmission shaft, a linkage roller, power teeth, transmission teeth and a transmission chain;
the second discharging notch is formed in the top of the screen cylinder;
The first end of the guiding-out block is close to the main shaft, the second end is fixedly connected with the side wall of the screen cylinder, and the bottom of the sieve plate is attached to the top of the sieve plate;
A transmission shaft which is vertically arranged is rotatably arranged at the first end of the guide-out block, and a linkage roller which is vertically arranged is arranged in the second end of the guide-out block;
the conveyer belt is sleeved on the whole formed by the transmission shaft and the linkage roller; the side wall of the conveying belt, which is away from the first end, is coplanar with the side wall of the guide-out block, which is away from the first end;
The top of the transmission shaft is sleeved with transmission teeth fixedly connected with the transmission shaft, the main shaft is sleeved with power teeth fixedly connected with the main shaft, and a transmission chain is sleeved on the whole body formed by the power teeth and the transmission teeth.
Further, the guiding-out structure further comprises a second receiving box;
the second material receiving box is arranged on the outer wall of the screen cylinder;
the second receiving box is communicated with the inner cavity of the screen cylinder through the second discharging notch, and the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the second receiving box is lower than that of the bottom of the second discharging notch;
and a third screen is embedded on the side wall above the bottom of the second receiving box in the screen cylinder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The blocking removal of the first sieve plate can be realized by arranging a diversion channel, an air injection groove, a discharge structure and the like; secondly, the jet tank can enable high-pressure air flow to flush the bottom of the first sieve plate, the high-pressure air flow is led into the diversion channel and is led to the first sieve plate again by the diversion channel and is flushed into the sieve cylinder, and therefore the defect that the production environment is affected by splashing of plugs can be avoided; the arrangement of the discharging structure enables the blockage to be effectively led out of the diversion channel, so that the influence of blockage removal on the recovery efficiency of the cooling liquid can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a machine tool waste treatment device according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic overall structure of a machine tool waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, when the screen plate is removed from the apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relative layout positions of the diversion channel, the first sieve plate, the upper collecting bin, the driving rod, the lower collecting bin and the like.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper and lower collection bins as a whole; in the figure, the upper collection bin is in a partial cross-sectional state.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of a machine tool waste treatment device in which a screen drum is partially cut away when a screen plate is removed.
Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 5 at a.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the relative positional relationship between the lower collection bin and the drive rod.
In the figure, 1, a screen drum; 101. a first sieve plate; 102. a main shaft; 103. a first driving member; 104. a first discharging notch; 105. a second discharging notch; 106. a receiving box I; 107. a receiving box II; 108. a third screen; 2. a jet slot; 201. a second driving piece; 202. an external air source; 203. a high pressure pipe; 3. a diversion channel; 301. an end part I; 302. an end part II; 303. a first screen; 4. a discharge structure; 401. a collecting bin is arranged on the upper part; 402. a second screen; 403. a discharge plate; 404. a reset member; 405. a closing plate; 406. a flow guide window; 407. a first discharging window; 5. a lower collection bin; 501. a second sieve plate; 502. a driving rod; 503. a second discharging window; 504. a stop block; 6. a guide rail; 7. an inverted cone coaming; 701. a guide cylinder; 702. a sewage disposal plate; 703. a spiral material guiding structure; 704. a deflector; 705. a waste gate; 706. a ratchet wheel; 707. a pawl; 708. an annular coaming; 8. a lead-out structure; 801. a export block; 802. a conveyor belt; 803. a transmission shaft; 804. a linkage roller; 805. a power tooth; 806. a drive tooth; 807. and a transmission chain.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will readily implement the embodiments; this invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; in addition, for the purpose of more clearly describing the present invention, parts not connected to the present invention will be omitted from the drawings.
Examples
In order to solve the problem that a blocking screen in the prior art affects the recovery efficiency of cooling liquid in waste mixture generated by machine tool processing, the embodiment provides a machine tool waste treatment device.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the screen drum comprises a screen drum 1, a main shaft 102, a first driving part 103, an air injection groove 2, a second driving part 201, an external air source 202, a diversion channel 3, a discharge structure 4 and the like.
The screen cylinder 1 is of a cylindrical cavity structure with an opening at the top end, the screen plate I101 is arranged in the top end of the cylindrical cavity structure, the outer edge of the screen plate I101 is arranged in an annular groove I on the inner wall of the top end of the screen cylinder 1, and the screen plate I101 and the screen cylinder 1 are coaxially distributed, so that the annular groove can limit and guide the screen plate I101.
The first sieve plate 101 is coaxially distributed and fixedly connected with the main shaft 102, the top end of the main shaft 102 is arranged above the first sieve plate 101 and connected with the first driving part 103, and the first driving part 103 is a motor and the like and is used for driving the main shaft 102 to rotate positively and negatively so as to drive the first sieve plate 101 to rotate relative to the sieve cylinder 1; the first driving member 103 is connected to the screen cylinder 1 or an external bracket, and in this embodiment, the first driving member 103 is connected to the screen cylinder 1 via a link or the like.
In order to facilitate clearing the material blocking the first sieve plate 101, in this embodiment, an air injection groove 2 is arranged below the first sieve plate 101, the top end of the air injection groove 2 is of an open structure, and the top of the air injection groove is attached to the bottom of the first sieve plate 101; meanwhile, the inner cavity of the air injection groove 2 is connected with an external air source 202 through a high-pressure pipe 203; the external air source 202 is used for supplying high-pressure air into the air jet tank 2 through the high-pressure pipe 203 so as to impact the meshes on the first sieve plate 101, and the plugs therein are blown upwards.
In order to avoid splashing of the plugs blown up from bottom to top, in this embodiment, the diversion channel 3 is arranged above the first sieve plate 101; the diversion channel 3 has two ends, which are n-shaped as a whole, and the two ends are respectively an end part one 301 and an end part two 302.
In order to avoid splashing of the plugs and to fully utilize the high-pressure air flow, in this embodiment, the first end 301 and the second end 302 are attached to the top of the first sieve plate 101, and the top projection of the first end 301 coincides with the top projection of the top end of the air injection groove 2; that is, the cross-sectional shapes of the two are the same, so that the air flow ejected from the top end of the air injection groove 2 can enter the end part two 302 after passing through the first sieve plate 101, and the corresponding blockage can also enter the inner cavity of the diversion channel 3 and be guided to the end part two 302.
In order to prevent the high-pressure air flow from rushing the blockage in the diversion channel 3 into the first sieve plate 101 again, a first sieve plate 303 is arranged in the second end part 302, the aperture of the first sieve plate 303 is smaller than that of the first sieve plate 101, so that the blockage is left in the first end part 301, the high-pressure air flow impacts the first sieve plate 101 from top to bottom, the high-pressure air flow is fully utilized, and the first sieve plate 303 is cleaned again.
In order to fully clear the first sieve plate 101, in this embodiment, the actuating end of the second driving member 201 is further connected to the outer walls of the air injection groove 2 and the air guide channel 3, respectively, so as to drive the air injection groove 2 and the air guide channel 3 to reciprocate in the radial direction of the first sieve plate 101.
The second driving part 201 is a structure such as a telescopic cylinder, which can realize linear reciprocating motion, and drives the air injection groove 2 and the diversion channel 3 to reciprocate on one diameter of the first sieve plate 101, so as to prevent plugs in the diversion channel 3 from falling into the sieve cylinder 1, and further enable the first end 301 and the second end 302 to be distributed along the circumferential direction of the first sieve plate 101.
Working principle:
In operation, the external air source 202, the first driving member 103 and the second driving member 201 are synchronously opened. The second driving part 201 drives the air injection groove 2 and the flow guide channel 3 to reciprocate in the radial direction of the first sieve plate 101, in the movement process, the first driving part 103 drives the first sieve plate 101 to rotate through the main shaft 102, the rotation direction is the direction of the first end 301 towards the second end 302, then the mixture composed of lubricating oil and scraps is poured on the first sieve plate 101, the mixture with large particle size is remained on the first sieve plate 101, the later cleaning is carried out, the cooling liquid passes through the first sieve plate 101 and flows into the sieve cylinder 1, and part of scraps can block the screen mesh in the process; in the process of the reciprocating motion of the first driving part 103, the high-pressure air generated by the external air source 202 flows through the top end of the air injection groove 2 towards the first sieve plate 101, so that the blocking objects in the part, impacted by the air flow, of the first sieve plate 101 can be blown into the first end 301 arranged above the air injection groove 2, enter the first end 301, are wrapped by the high-pressure air flow entering the first end 301 and flow towards the second end 302, are blocked in the diversion channel 3 by the first sieve plate 303 on the second end 302, and continuously impact the first sieve plate 101 from top to bottom after passing through the first sieve plate 303, so as to clear the blocking operation of the first sieve plate 101; when the blockage in the diversion channel 3 is full, the diversion channel can be removed and cleaned in time; wherein the high pressure tube 203 performs an adaptive motion along with the motion of the second driver 201.
In the above process, the air flow firstly impacts the first sieve plate 101 from bottom to top, so that the blockage in the first sieve plate 101 can be effectively removed and collected in the diversion channel 3, then the high-pressure air flow is guided by the diversion channel 3, and then impacts the first sieve plate 101 from top to bottom, thereby realizing effective blockage removal of the first sieve plate 101, and being performed in the working process of the first sieve plate 101, avoiding the defect of suspending the first sieve plate 101 for blockage removal and improving the recovery efficiency of the cooling liquid.
Secondly, in the above process, the rotation direction of the first sieve plate 101 is from the first end 301 to the second end 302; that is, the part of the first sieve plate 101 after being cleaned by the high-pressure airflow from bottom to top is cleaned again by the high-pressure airflow from top to bottom, thereby avoiding the defect that large-particle plugs fall into the sieve cylinder 1; the rotation of the first sieve plate 101 allows the mixture of cooling liquid and waste to be spread evenly on the first sieve plate 101, thereby avoiding the disadvantage of concentrated accumulation.
In order to further improve the recovery efficiency of the lubricating oil and avoid the defects existing when the diversion channel 3 is cleaned, in this embodiment, a discharge structure 4 is further installed on the diversion channel 3, and the discharge structure 4 is arranged on one side of the end part two 302 away from the end part one 301; the purpose of the discharging structure 4 is to discharge the blockage in the diversion channel 3 according to the need, thereby guaranteeing the quality of the clear holes; therefore, the discharging structure 4 can meet the above requirements, for example, the discharging structure is configured as a movable door, and can be opened when needed, and the discharging structure is away from the first end 301, so that the high-pressure air flow can assist in discharging the blockage in the diversion channel 3 when the blockage is discharged from the diversion channel 3 when the discharging structure is opened, thereby improving the discharging efficiency.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in order to reduce the workload of discharging the blockage and improve the discharging efficiency and ensure the recovering efficiency of the cooling liquid, in this embodiment, the discharging structure 4 includes an upper collecting bin 401, a second screen 402, a discharging plate 403, a reset member 404, a first discharging gap 104 and a closing plate 405.
The upper collection bin 401 is in a cavity structure, is arranged on the diversion channel 3 and is positioned at one side of the end part two 302, which is away from the end part one 301; meanwhile, the upper collection bin 401 is connected with the inner cavity of the diversion channel 3 through a diversion window 406, and a second screen 402 is arranged in the diversion window 406; the side of the upper collection bin 401, which is away from the end part one 301, is provided with a first discharging window 407, the top and the bottom of the first discharging window 407 are respectively provided with a sliding groove, and the top and the bottom of the discharging plate 403 are respectively arranged in one sliding groove; while the side wall of the ejection plate 403 facing away from the first end 301 is connected to the movable end of the reset element 404; the fixed end of the reset element 404 is mounted on the outer wall of the upper collection bin 401.
As shown in fig. 4, the transverse portion at the top of the diversion channel 3 is an inclined channel, the horizontal elevation of the connection portion between the inclined channel and the first end 301 is larger than the horizontal elevation of the connection portion between the inclined channel and the second end 302, the upper collection bin 401 is arranged on one side of the second end 302 away from the first end 301, the top end of the upper collection bin is connected with the inclined channel, and the connection portion and the inclined channel form an inclined downward structure, so that a blockage entering the diversion channel 3 through the first end 301 can be effectively wrapped and clamped by air flow into the upper collection bin 401; the upper collection bin 401 and the end part two 302 share a wall, and a flow guide window 406 is arranged on the wall, so that the inner cavities of the upper collection bin 401 and the end part two 302 are communicated, high-pressure air flow entering the upper collection bin 401 can pass through a screen two 402 in the flow guide window 406 to enter the end part two 302 and is flushed towards the screen one 101 through a screen one 303, and a blockage is left in the upper collection bin 401; when the discharging plate 403 is driven by the compression reset piece 404 to open the first discharging window 407, the blockage can be flushed out of the upper collecting bin 401 by high-pressure air flow through the first discharging window 407 under the impact of high-pressure air flow, so that the blockage can be removed.
In order to realize automatic removal of the blockage, the following settings are also made:
A first discharging gap 104 is formed on the screen drum 1, and a sealing plate 405 is arranged on a part of the outer wall of the screen drum 1 at one side of the first discharging gap 104 and is used for discharging the blockage; wherein the top and bottom of the closing plate 405 are coplanar with the top and bottom of the first screening deck 101, respectively.
The following requirements are satisfied by the size and installation position of the first discharge gap 104 and the closing plate 405:
The diversion channel 3, the air injection groove 2 and the upper collection bin 401 form a whole A, one end of the whole A can move out of the screen cylinder 1 through the first discharging notch 104 in the process of driving the whole A to reciprocate by the second driving part 201, and the sealing plate 405 can seal the part of the first end 301, the second end 302 and the top end of the air injection groove 2, which moves out of the screen cylinder 1, in the process of moving out of the screen cylinder 1; in the moving process, when the whole A moves out of the screen cylinder 1 by a certain size, a part of the discharge plate 403 moves out of the screen cylinder 1, the movable end of the reset piece 404 contacts with the inner wall of the screen cylinder 1, the reset piece 404 is compressed in the continuing moving process, the discharge plate 403 is driven by the reset piece 404 to remain in the screen cylinder 1, so that the first discharge window 407 is opened, the opening part is positioned outside the screen cylinder 1, at the moment, the part of the first end 301, the second end 302 and the top end of the air injection groove 2, which moves out of the screen cylinder 1, is effectively sealed, high-pressure air flows through the unsealed part and flows into the diversion channel 3, most of air flows out of the first discharge window 407, so that the blocked material is wrapped and flows out of the upper collection bin 401, and is discharged out of the screen cylinder 1, thereby avoiding the defect of manually cleaning the blocked material, improving the cleaning efficiency and being beneficial to improving the recovery efficiency of cooling liquid; and only one end of the whole A moves out of the screen cylinder 1, and part of the whole A does not move out of the screen cylinder 1, so that the top end of the air injection groove 2 is not completely sealed, and the high-pressure air flow can be ensured to continuously flow into the diversion channel 3 and flow out of the screen cylinder 1 through the first discharging window 407.
In the axial movement process of the whole A to the screen drum 1, the reset piece 404 is separated from contact with the inner wall of the screen drum 1, so that the discharge plate 403 resets and closes the first discharge window 407, and the blocking object is left in the upper collection bin 401 and is discharged in the subsequent movement process.
Wherein, for diversion, the side wall of the upper collection bin 401 facing away from the second driving piece 201 is an inclined wall, and the top end of the inclined wall is far away from the second driving piece 201.
In the process, the automatic collection and discharge of the plugs are effectively realized, and the hole cleaning efficiency of the first sieve plate 101 and the recovery efficiency of the cooling liquid are improved.
In order to avoid that part of the blockage flows into the screen cylinder 1 to pollute the recovered cooling liquid when the first screen plate 101 is flushed by the air flow from top to bottom, the following arrangement is also performed in the embodiment:
Comprises a second sieve plate 501, a driving rod 502, a lower collecting bin 5 connected with the outer wall of the air injection groove 2, and the like.
Referring to fig. 4 and 7, the lower collecting bin 5 has an open top structure, the top of the lower collecting bin is attached to the bottom of the first sieve plate 101, and the top projection of the top in the lower collecting bin 5 is overlapped with the top projection of the second end 302, so that the airflow flowing from the second end 302 to the first sieve plate 101 flows into the lower collecting bin 5 after flushing the sieve holes in the first sieve plate 101, and correspondingly, the flushed plugs are also collected in the lower collecting bin 5.
In order to lead out high-pressure air flow, simultaneously, the blocking object is left in the lower collecting bin 5, a second discharging window 503 is formed in the side wall, close to the second driving part 201, of the lower collecting bin 5, a second sieve plate 501 is arranged in the second discharging window 503, two ends of the second sieve plate 501 are respectively connected with the inner wall of the second discharging window 503 in a rotating mode through a rotating shaft, at least one rotating shaft is connected with the second discharging window 503 through a torsion spring, a stop block 504 is further arranged in the second discharging window 503, the torsion spring enables the first end of the second sieve plate 501 to move towards the stop block 504 until the first end is attached to the stop block 504 when no external force acts on the second discharging window 503, and the second sieve plate 501 seals the second discharging window 503.
Through the arrangement, the high-pressure air flow in the surge lower collection bin 5 can surge to the second discharging window 503, the blocking object is effectively intercepted in the lower collection bin 5 by the arrangement of the second sieve plate 501, the high-pressure air flow flows out of the lower collection bin 5, and the second sieve plate 501 always has a movement trend towards the stop block 504 by the arrangement of the torsion spring, so that the second sieve plate 501 can always seal the second discharging window 503 when being impacted by the high-pressure air flow, and the blocking object is prevented from flowing outwards.
In order to automatically discharge the blockage in the lower collection bin 5, in this embodiment, the driving rod 502 is further connected to the sealing plate 405, so as to drive the first end of the second sieve plate 501 to move towards the inner cavity direction of the lower collection bin 5 and open the second discharge window 503 when the lower collection bin 5 moves out of the sieve tube 1 along with the whole body a through the first discharge gap 104; wherein, the size of the first discharging notch 104 meets the requirement that the whole body C formed by the whole body A and the lower collecting bin 5 moves out of the screen drum 1.
The side wall of the lower collection bin 5 adjacent to the second driving member 201 is coplanar with the side wall of the upper collection bin 401 adjacent to the second driving member 201, and when the reset member 404 is initially compressed, the corresponding driving rod 502 also starts to drive the second sieve plate 501, so that the plugs in the upper collection bin 401 and the lower collection bin 5 can be synchronously discharged;
In some embodiments, in order to increase the airflow pressure for discharging the plugs, the first discharge window 407 on the lower collecting bin 401 is opened for a period of time, and then the second discharge window 503 on the lower collecting bin 401 is opened, so that a large amount of plugs accumulated in the diversion channel 3 are preferentially discharged.
That is, the end part of the second discharging window 503 in the lower collecting bin 5 moves out of the screen cylinder 1 along with the whole A through the first discharging notch 104, in the process of moving out of the screen cylinder 1, the first driving rod 502 drives the second screen plate 501 to be close to the end part of the stop block 504, so that the second screen plate 501 is opened, and the first discharging window 407 is opened simultaneously with the opening of the second screen plate 501, so that high-pressure air flows to the end part 301 after flowing out through the part of the unsealed top end of the air injection groove 2, flows into the lower collecting bin 5 after being guided by the guide channel 3, flows out through the first discharging window 407, flows into the lower collecting bin 5 after flowing out through the end part 302, and flows out through the second discharging window 503, thereby realizing effective discharging of the blockage; in this process, the air pressure output by the air source 202 can be increased to ensure the discharging effect of the blockage.
In order to realize the guiding and limiting of the guiding channel 3, the attaching effect of the guiding channel and the first sieve plate 101 is further guaranteed, and in the embodiment, the following settings are further carried out:
A guide rail 6 is also arranged; wherein, the extending direction of the guide rail 6 is the same as the reciprocating direction of the guide channel 3, one end of the guide rail is sleeved on the main shaft 102 and limited by the main shaft 102, and the other end of the guide rail passes through the first discharging gap 104 to be connected with an external structure, thereby maintaining the relative position with the screen drum 1; the guide channel 3 and the guide rail 6 are connected by a limiting component and the like, so that the guide channel 3 can only reciprocate in the extending direction of the guide rail 6, and the end part one 301 and the end part two 302 are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide rail 6.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the n-shaped guide channel 3 spans the guide rail 6 and is connected by a limiting component, and the guide channel can only reciprocate in the extending direction of the guide rail 6, and the moving direction is consistent with the moving direction of the driving piece two 201.
Through the arrangement, the diversion channel 3 can be effectively guided and kept in a fitting state with the first sieve plate 101, so that the blocking clearing effect is guaranteed.
The connection relation between the guide rail 6 and the main shaft 102 enables the guide rail 6 to have a certain blocking effect, so that the waste on the first screen plate 101 at the later stage can be collected conveniently.
In order to further improve the blocking removal efficiency, referring to fig. 4, the front end of the upper collection bin in fig. 4 is in a cut-away state so as to observe the inner cavity structure in the period; in this embodiment, the diversion channel 3, the first screen 303, the upper collection bin 401, the second screen 402, the discharge plate 403, the reset member 404, the lower collection bin 5, the second screen plate 501, the driving rod 502, the rotating shaft, the torsion spring, the stop block 504 and the guide rail 6 form an integral B, and the integral B is two; wherein:
The two guide rails 6 share one end part, and the end part is sleeved on the main shaft 102; the two units B are symmetrically arranged on the vertical plane where the axis of the main shaft 102 is located, and share one end 301; that is, the first end 301 is only one.
That is, the first ends 301 of the two diversion channels 3 are in common; as shown in fig. 4, one end portion 301 and two end portions 302 constitute an m-shaped structure.
Through the arrangement, the blockage clearing efficiency can be effectively improved; the first discharge gap 104 and the closing plate 405 can be sized and the like to effectively meet the requirement that the blockage is discharged out of the screen drum 1 through the first discharge window 407 and the second discharge window 503.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, for collecting plugs exiting the screen cylinder 1, a first receiving box 106 is provided; the first receiving box 106 is arranged on the outer wall of the screen cylinder 1; and the first receiving box 106 is communicated with the inner cavity of the screen drum 1 through the first discharging notch 104, and meanwhile, the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the inner cavity of the first receiving box 106 is lower than that of the bottom of the first discharging notch 104 and is used for receiving materials discharged by the upper collecting bin 401 and the lower collecting bin 5.
Through the arrangement, the materials discharged from the screen drum 1 through the first discharging window 407 and the second discharging window 503 can be effectively collected in the first receiving box 106, so that the defect of overflow is avoided.
Since there are not only scraps with larger size but also powdery scraps with smaller size, such as powder with density larger than that of the cooling liquid, for example, metal powder, etc., and the first sieve plate 101 is difficult to filter, in order to collect the powder with density larger than that of the cooling liquid, referring to fig. 5, the following arrangement is further performed in this embodiment:
An inverted cone-shaped coaming 7 is arranged in the screen cylinder 1, the bottom of the inverted cone-shaped coaming 7 is communicated with a guide cylinder 701, the bottom of the guide cylinder 701 is arranged above the bottom of the screen cylinder 1 by a set distance, an annular coaming 708 which is not contacted with the guide cylinder 701 is sleeved outside the guide cylinder 701, and meanwhile, the horizontal elevation of the top of the annular coaming 708 is larger than the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the guide cylinder 701.
Through the arrangement, most of the cooling liquid filtered by the first sieve plate 101 falls on the inverted conical coaming 7, flows to the guide cylinder 701 under the action of gravity, flows down to the bottom of the inner cavity of the sieve cylinder 1 along the inner wall of the guide cylinder 701, is effectively surrounded by the annular coaming 708, and then the cooling liquid flowing into the annular coaming 708 can be kept still in the annular coaming 708, so that powdery fragments with the inner density greater than that of the cooling liquid can be settled on the bottom of the inner cavity of the sieve cylinder 1, and the horizontal elevation of the top of the annular coaming 708 is greater than that of the bottom of the guide cylinder 701, so that the cooling liquid in the annular coaming 708 can flow into the space between the annular coaming 708 and the inner wall of the sieve cylinder 1 after the cooling liquid needs to overflow the annular coaming 708.
Through the arrangement that the bottom end of the guide cylinder 701 is arranged below the top end of the annular coaming 708, the cooling liquid in the annular coaming 708 can be effectively kept still, powdery fragments with the density greater than that of the cooling liquid are settled at the bottom of the screen cylinder 1 in the annular coaming 708, and the cooling liquid without the powdery fragments can flow out of the annular coaming 708 after the cooling liquid passes through the top end of the annular coaming 708 and is recycled, so that the recycling quality of the cooling liquid is effectively improved; the arrangement of the inverted cone-shaped coaming 7 ensures that most of the cooling liquid flowing down through the first sieve plate 101 cannot directly impact the cooling liquid in the annular coaming 708, reduces disturbance of the cooling liquid in the annular coaming 708, and is beneficial to improving sedimentation efficiency.
Wherein, the liquid outlet hole is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the screen cylinder 1 and is used for guiding out and recycling the cooling liquid in the screen cylinder 1.
Because of the long-term back of using of equipment, will pile up the powdered piece of a certain amount in the annular bounding wall 708, and the powdered piece of a certain amount of also can subside to sieve section of thick bamboo 1 inner chamber bottom, influence coolant liquid recovery quality, consequently in order to guarantee coolant liquid recovery quality, refer to fig. 5, in this embodiment, still carry out following setting:
The bottom of the inner cavity of the screen cylinder 1 is provided with a drain board 702, the drain board 702 is circular, the outer edge of the drain board 702 is arranged in a second annular groove in the side wall of the bottom end of the screen cylinder 1, meanwhile, the drain board 702 and the main shaft 102 are coaxially distributed but are not fixedly connected, and the bottom end of the main shaft 102 penetrates through the drain board 702 to be rotationally connected with the bottom of the screen cylinder 1; to facilitate the rotational movement of the drain board 702 when needed, in this embodiment, a ratchet 706 fixedly connected to the main shaft 102 is sleeved on the main shaft 102, and a pawl 707 matched with the ratchet 706 is installed on the top of the drain board 702;
When the filtering operation is performed, high-pressure gas impacts the first sieve plate 101, the first sieve plate 101 is driven by the first driving piece 103 to rotate forwards, the ratchet wheel 706 and the pawl 707 are not meshed with each other, and the cooling liquid is allowed to stand and subside at the moment; when the sewage is discharged, the first driving part 103 drives the first sieve plate 101 to reversely rotate, the corresponding main shaft 102 drives the pawl 707 through the ratchet wheel 706, and the pawl 707 drives the sewage discharging plate 702 to rotate around the shaft, so that the sediment on the top of the sewage discharging plate 702 is removed.
Wherein, in order to avoid annular coaming 708 to influence the rotary motion of blowdown board 702, in this embodiment, annular coaming 708 is hoisted in screen cylinder 1 through a plurality of linking arms, and its bottom is laminated with blowdown board 702 top to guarantee the effect of subsidence.
Secondly, a spiral material guiding structure 703 is arranged on the inner wall of the annular enclosing plate 708, the bottom of the spiral material guiding structure 703 is attached to the top of the pollution discharge plate 702, and the spiral material guiding structure is used for guiding materials in the annular enclosing plate 708 out of the annular enclosing plate 708 during pollution discharge operation and falls between the annular enclosing plate 708 and the inner wall of the screen cylinder 1; a guide plate 704 fixedly connected with the inner wall of the screen cylinder 1 is arranged between the inner wall of the bottom end of the screen cylinder 1 and the annular coaming 708; and a trapdoor 705 is provided in the side wall of the screen cylinder 1 adjacent to the deflector 704.
That is, when the filtering operation is performed, the first driving member 103 drives the first sieve plate 101 to rotate in the direction from the first end 301 to the second end 302, the drain plate 702 does not act, so that the cooling liquid in the sieve cylinder 1 is kept still and settled, and the powdery scraps are separated from the cooling liquid, so that the recovery quality of the cooling liquid is improved; when the settled powdery scraps need to be cleaned, the first driving part 103 is reversed, filtering operation is not performed at this time, pollution discharge operation is performed, the characteristics of the ratchet wheel 706 and the pawl 707 are limited, the main shaft 102 drives the pawl 707 to drive the pollution discharge plate 702 to rotate through the ratchet wheel 706, the spiral material guide structure 703 is not moved in the rotating process, the bottom of the spiral material guide structure is used for scraping off sediments in the annular enclosing plate 708 and guiding out the annular enclosing plate 708 to fall between the annular enclosing plate 708 and the inner wall of the screen drum 1, the guide plate 704 is also not moved, sediments between the annular enclosing plate 708 and the inner wall of the screen drum 1 are scraped off, the pollution discharge door 705 is opened, and the scraped sediments can be discharged through the pollution discharge door 705.
In order to avoid that the sweeps accumulated on the first screen plate 101 affect the blocking removal quality, referring to fig. 6, in this embodiment, the following arrangement is further performed:
A lead-out structure 8 is also arranged; the guiding-out structure 8 comprises an elongated guiding-out block 801, a conveying belt 802, a second discharging notch 105, a transmission shaft 803, a linkage roller 804, a power tooth 805, a transmission tooth 806 and a transmission chain 807.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a second discharging notch 105 is formed at the top of the screen drum 1 and is used for discharging scraps on the top of the first screen plate 101;
In order to discharge large-particle scraps on the first sieve plate 101 out of the sieve cylinder 1 through the second discharge gap 105, the first end of the guide block 801 is adjacent to the main shaft 102, and the second end of the guide block is fixedly connected with one side wall of the second discharge gap 105; and the bottom of the guiding-out block 801 is attached to the top of the first sieve plate 101, so as to avoid the material on the first sieve plate 101 from crossing the guiding-out block to affect the hole cleaning operation of the guiding channel 3 and the like.
While the first end of the guiding block 801 is rotatably provided with a transmission shaft 803 which is vertically arranged, and the second end is internally provided with a linkage roller 804 which is vertically arranged; the transmission shaft 803 and the linkage roller 804 are integrally sleeved with a conveying belt 802, and the side wall of the conveying belt 802 facing away from the end part 301 is coplanar with the side wall of the guiding-out block 801 facing away from the end part 301 and is a vertical surface.
In order to drive the conveying belt 802, a transmission gear 806 fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 803 is sleeved on the top of the transmission shaft 803, a power gear 805 fixedly connected with the main shaft 102 is sleeved on the main shaft 102, and a transmission chain 807 is sleeved on the whole body formed by the power gear 805 and the transmission gear 806.
That is, when the main shaft 102 rotates, the conveying belt 802 can be driven to rotate by the driving power teeth 805, the driving teeth 806 and the driving shaft 803; when the filtering operation is performed, the first driving member 103 drives the first sieve plate 101 to rotate forward through the main shaft 102, the moving direction is the direction from the guiding block 801 to the first end 301, the main shaft 102 drives the conveying belt 802 to rotate through the power teeth 805, the driving teeth 806, the driving shaft 803 and the driving chain 807, and referring to fig. 6, the material attached to the guiding block 801 and the conveying belt 802 can be effectively driven by the conveying belt 802 to flow to the second discharging gap 105 and finally discharged out of the sieve cylinder 1, so that the purpose of automatically discharging the scraps on the first sieve plate 101 is achieved, and the cleaned part of the scraps at the top of the first sieve plate 103 flows to the first end 301 after passing over the guiding block 801.
In order to collect the scraps exiting the screen drum 1 via the conveyor belt 802, in this embodiment, the guiding-out structure 8 further includes a second receiving box 107; the second receiving box 107 is arranged on the outer wall of the screen cylinder 1, the second receiving box 107 is communicated with the inner cavity of the screen cylinder 1 through the second discharging gap 105, and meanwhile, the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the second receiving box 107 is lower than that of the bottom of the second discharging gap 105.
By the arrangement, scraps on the first sieve plate 101 can be effectively collected in the second receiving box 107; since a certain amount of coolant may be adhered to the guided scraps, a third screen 108 is also embedded on the side wall of the screen drum 1 above the bottom of the second receiving box 107 in order to separate the scraps from the same, and the coolant in the second receiving box 107 can be effectively separated from the scraps and recovered through the arrangement.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种机床废弃物处理装置,包括筛筒(1),所述筛筒(1)内设有筛板一(101);其特征在于,还设有主轴(102)、驱动件一(103)、喷气槽(2)、驱动件二(201)、外部气源(202)、导流通道(3)和排出结构(4);1. A machine tool waste treatment device, comprising a sieve drum (1), wherein a sieve plate 1 (101) is arranged inside the sieve drum (1); characterized in that a main shaft (102), a driving member 1 (103), an air injection slot (2), a driving member 2 (201), an external air source (202), a guide channel (3) and a discharge structure (4) are also provided; 所述主轴(102)与筛板一(101)固定连接,其顶端与驱动件一(103)连接;The main shaft (102) is fixedly connected to the sieve plate 1 (101), and its top end is connected to the driving member 1 (103); 所述喷气槽(2)顶端为敞口结构并与筛板一(101)底部贴合;The top of the air-jet slot (2) is an open structure and fits into the bottom of the sieve plate 1 (101); 所述喷气槽(2)内腔与外部气源(202)连接;The inner cavity of the air injection groove (2) is connected to an external air source (202); 所述导流通道(3)设于筛板一(101)上方,且其内的端部一(301)和端部二(302)均与筛板一(101)顶部贴合;The guide channel (3) is arranged above the sieve plate 1 (101), and the end 1 (301) and the end 2 (302) therein are both in contact with the top of the sieve plate 1 (101); 所述端部一(301)的俯视投影与喷气槽(2)顶端的俯视投影重合;The top projection of the end portion 1 (301) coincides with the top projection of the top of the air jet slot (2); 所述端部二(302)内安装有筛网一(303);A screen 1 (303) is installed in the second end (302); 所述排出结构(4)设于导流通道(3)上,用于排出端部二(302)内的堵塞物;The discharge structure (4) is arranged on the guide channel (3) and is used to discharge the blockage in the second end (302); 所述驱动件二(201)的动作端与喷气槽(2)和导流通道(3)分别连接,用于带动喷气槽(2)和导流通道(3)在筛板一(101)的径向上做往复运动;The action end of the second driving member (201) is connected to the air injection groove (2) and the guide channel (3) respectively, and is used to drive the air injection groove (2) and the guide channel (3) to perform reciprocating motion in the radial direction of the sieve plate (101); 所述端部一(301)和端部二(302)沿筛板一(101)周向分布;The end portion one (301) and the end portion two (302) are distributed circumferentially along the sieve plate one (101); 所述筛筒(1)内还安装有倒锥形围板(7);所述倒锥形围板(7)的底端连通有导流筒(701);An inverted cone-shaped enclosure plate (7) is also installed in the screen cylinder (1); the bottom end of the inverted cone-shaped enclosure plate (7) is connected to a guide cylinder (701); 所述导流筒(701)的底部设于筛筒(1)底部上方,所述导流筒(701)外套设与其互不接触的环形围板(708),所述环形围板(708)的顶部水平标高大于导流筒(701)的底部水平标高。The bottom of the guide cylinder (701) is arranged above the bottom of the screen cylinder (1), and an annular enclosure plate (708) is arranged outside the guide cylinder (701) and does not contact the guide cylinder (701), wherein the top horizontal elevation of the annular enclosure plate (708) is greater than the bottom horizontal elevation of the guide cylinder (701). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种机床废弃物处理装置,其特征在于,所述排出结构(4)包括上收集仓(401)、筛网二(402)、排出板(403)、复位件(404)、出料缺口一(104)和封闭板(405);2. A machine tool waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge structure (4) comprises an upper collecting bin (401), a second screen (402), a discharge plate (403), a reset member (404), a discharge notch (104) and a closing plate (405); 所述上收集仓(401)安装在导流通道(3)上,并处于端部二(302)背离端部一(301)的一侧;The upper collecting bin (401) is installed on the flow guiding channel (3) and is located on the side of the second end (302) away from the first end (301); 所述上收集仓(401)通过导流窗(406)与导流通道(3)内腔连接,且导流窗(406)内安装有筛网二(402);The upper collecting bin (401) is connected to the inner cavity of the diversion channel (3) via a diversion window (406), and a second screen (402) is installed in the diversion window (406); 所述上收集仓(401)背离端部一(301)的一侧开设有出料窗一(407);The upper collecting bin (401) is provided with a discharge window (407) on a side away from the end (301); 所述排出板(403)滑动安装在出料窗一(407)内;The discharge plate (403) is slidably mounted in the discharge window 1 (407); 所述复位件(404)安装在上收集仓(401)上,其活动端与排出板(403)连接;The resetting member (404) is installed on the upper collecting bin (401), and its movable end is connected to the discharge plate (403); 导流通道(3)、喷气槽(2)和上收集仓(401)组成整体A;The guide channel (3), the air-jet slot (2) and the upper collecting chamber (401) form a whole A; 所述出料缺口一(104)开设在筛筒(1)上,用于供整体A的一端运动出筛筒(1);The discharge notch 1 (104) is provided on the screen drum (1) and is used to allow one end of the whole A to move out of the screen drum (1); 所述封闭板(405)安装在筛筒(1)外壁上,且其顶底部与筛板一(101)的顶底部分别共面,用于在整体A运动出筛筒(1)时封闭端部一(301)、端部二(302)和喷气槽(2)顶端中运动出筛筒(1)的部分;The closing plate (405) is mounted on the outer wall of the sieve drum (1), and its top and bottom portions are coplanar with the top and bottom portions of the sieve plate 1 (101), respectively, and is used to close the end portion 1 (301), the end portion 2 (302) and the portion of the top end of the air jet slot (2) that moves out of the sieve drum (1) when the entire body A moves out of the sieve drum (1); 整体A运动出筛筒(1)的过程中,复位件(404)的活动端与筛筒(1)内壁接触并被压缩,使出料窗一(407)被逐渐开启;无外力作用时,复位件(404)令排出板(403)封闭出料窗一(407)。During the process of the whole A moving out of the screen drum (1), the movable end of the reset member (404) contacts the inner wall of the screen drum (1) and is compressed, so that the discharge window (407) is gradually opened; when no external force is applied, the reset member (404) causes the discharge plate (403) to close the discharge window (407). 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种机床废弃物处理装置,其特征在于,还设有与喷气槽(2)外壁连接的下收集仓(5)、筛板二(501)和驱动杆(502);所述下收集仓(5)为顶端敞口结构,且其顶部与筛板一(101)底部贴合;3. A machine tool waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is further provided with a lower collecting bin (5), a second sieve plate (501) and a driving rod (502) connected to the outer wall of the jet slot (2); the lower collecting bin (5) is a top open structure, and its top is in contact with the bottom of the first sieve plate (101); 所述下收集仓(5)中顶端的俯视投影与端部二(302)的俯视投影重合;The top projection of the lower collecting bin (5) coincides with the top projection of the second end (302); 所述下收集仓(5)临近驱动件二(201)的侧壁上开设有出料窗二(503);A second discharge window (503) is provided on the side wall of the lower collecting bin (5) adjacent to the second driving member (201); 所述出料窗二(503)内设有筛板二(501);The second discharge window (503) is provided with a second sieve plate (501); 所述筛板二(501)的两端分别通过一个转轴与出料窗二(503)的内壁转动连接,且至少一个转轴与出料窗二(503)之间通过扭簧连接;The two ends of the second sieve plate (501) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second discharge window (503) via a rotating shaft, and at least one rotating shaft is connected to the second discharge window (503) via a torsion spring; 所述出料窗二(503)内还设有一个挡块(504),无外力作用时扭簧令筛板二(501)的第一端朝向挡块(504)运动直至与挡块(504)贴合,且此时筛板二(501)封闭出料窗二(503);A stopper (504) is also provided in the second discharge window (503), and when no external force is applied, the torsion spring causes the first end of the second screen plate (501) to move toward the stopper (504) until it fits with the stopper (504), and at this time, the second screen plate (501) closes the second discharge window (503); 所述驱动杆(502)安装在筛筒(1)外,用于在下收集仓(5)伴随整体A经出料缺口一(104)运动出筛筒(1)过程中,驱动筛板二(501)的第一端使出料窗二(503)开启。The driving rod (502) is mounted outside the sieve drum (1) and is used to drive the first end of the second sieve plate (501) to open the second discharge window (503) when the lower collecting bin (5) moves out of the sieve drum (1) along with the entire A through the first discharge notch (104). 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种机床废弃物处理装置,其特征在于,还设有导轨(6);4. A machine tool waste treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that a guide rail (6) is further provided; 所述导轨(6)的延伸方向与导流通道(3)的往复运动方向相同,且其一端套设在主轴(102)上,另一端穿过出料缺口一(104)与外部结构连接;The extension direction of the guide rail (6) is the same as the reciprocating direction of the guide channel (3), and one end of the guide rail (6) is sleeved on the main shaft (102), and the other end passes through the discharge notch (104) to be connected to the external structure; 所述导轨(6)上滑动连接有所述导流通道(3);The guide rail (6) is slidably connected to the guide channel (3); 所述端部一(301)和端部二(302)分别设于导轨(6)的两侧。The end portion one (301) and the end portion two (302) are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide rail (6). 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种机床废弃物处理装置,其特征在于,所述导流通道(3)、筛网一(303)、上收集仓(401)、筛网二(402)、排出板(403)、复位件(404)、下收集仓(5)、筛板二(501)、驱动杆(502)、转轴、扭簧、挡块(504)和导轨(6)组成整体B;5. A machine tool waste treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide channel (3), screen 1 (303), upper collection bin (401), screen 2 (402), discharge plate (403), reset member (404), lower collection bin (5), screen 2 (501), drive rod (502), rotating shaft, torsion spring, stopper (504) and guide rail (6) form a whole B; 所述整体B为两个;The number of the whole B is two; 两个所述导轨(6)共用一个端部,且该端套设在主轴(102)上;The two guide rails (6) share an end portion, and the end portion is sleeved on the main shaft (102); 两个所述整体B关于主轴(102)轴线所在竖直面对称设置;The two bodies B are symmetrically arranged about the vertical plane where the axis of the main shaft (102) is located; 所述端部一(301)为一个,并被两个所述整体B共用。The end one (301) is one and is shared by the two integral bodies B. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种机床废弃物处理装置,其特征在于,还设有接料盒一(106);6. A machine tool waste treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that a material receiving box (106) is also provided; 所述接料盒一(106)安装在筛筒(1)外壁上;所述接料盒一(106)与筛筒(1)内腔通过出料缺口一(104)连通,且接料盒一(106)内腔底部水平标高低于出料缺口一(104)底部水平标高。The material receiving box 1 (106) is mounted on the outer wall of the sieve drum (1); the material receiving box 1 (106) is connected to the inner cavity of the sieve drum (1) via the material discharge notch 1 (104), and the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the inner cavity of the material receiving box 1 (106) is lower than the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the material discharge notch 1 (104). 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种机床废弃物处理装置,其特征在于,所述筛筒(1)内腔底部设有排污板(702);7. A machine tool waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that a sewage discharge plate (702) is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the screen drum (1); 所述排污板(702)与主轴(102)同轴分布;The sewage discharge plate (702) is coaxially distributed with the main shaft (102); 所述主轴(102)的底端贯穿所述排污板(702)与筛筒(1)底部转动连接;The bottom end of the main shaft (102) passes through the sewage discharge plate (702) and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the screen drum (1); 所述环形围板(708)通过多个连接臂吊装在筛筒(1)内,且其底部与排污板(702)顶部贴合;The annular enclosure plate (708) is hoisted in the screen drum (1) via a plurality of connecting arms, and its bottom is in contact with the top of the sewage discharge plate (702); 所述环形围板(708)内壁上安装有一端设于导流筒(701)内的螺旋导料结构(703),所述螺旋导料结构(703)的底部与排污板(702)顶部贴合,用于将环形围板(708)内的物料导出环形围板(708);A spiral material guiding structure (703) having one end disposed in the guide tube (701) is installed on the inner wall of the annular enclosure (708); the bottom of the spiral material guiding structure (703) is in contact with the top of the sewage discharge plate (702) and is used to guide the material in the annular enclosure (708) out of the annular enclosure (708); 所述筛筒(1)上设有排污门(705);The sieve drum (1) is provided with a sewage discharge door (705); 所述筛筒(1)底端内壁与环形围板(708)之间设有与筛筒(1)内壁固定连接的导流板(704),所述导流板(704)的底部与排污板(702)顶部贴合,用于将筛筒(1)内的物料导出入排污门(705)。A guide plate (704) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sieve drum (1) is provided between the inner wall of the bottom end of the sieve drum (1) and the annular enclosure plate (708); the bottom of the guide plate (704) is in contact with the top of the sewage discharge plate (702) and is used to guide the material in the sieve drum (1) into the sewage discharge door (705). 8.根据权利要求7所述的一种机床废弃物处理装置,其特征在于,所述主轴(102)上套设有与其固定连接棘轮(706),所述排污板(702)上安装有与棘轮(706)配合的棘爪(707);筛分作业时,驱动件一(103)驱动主轴(102)正向旋转时,排污板(702)不转,而排污作业时,驱动件一(103)带动主轴(102)反向旋转,棘轮(706)经棘爪(707)驱动排污板(702)绕主轴(102)反向旋转,处于环形围板(708)内的物料被螺旋导料结构(703)导出环形围板(708)内腔,处于环形围板(708)与筛筒(1)内壁间的物料被导流板(704)经排污门(705)导出筛筒(1)。8. A machine tool waste treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that the main shaft (102) is sleeved with a ratchet (706) fixedly connected thereto, and the sewage discharge plate (702) is installed with a pawl (707) cooperating with the ratchet (706); during screening operation, when the driving member (103) drives the main shaft (102) to rotate in the forward direction, the sewage discharge plate (702) does not rotate, and during sewage discharge operation, the driving member (103) drives the main shaft (102) to rotate in the reverse direction, and the ratchet (706) drives the sewage discharge plate (702) to rotate in the reverse direction around the main shaft (102) via the pawl (707), and the material in the annular enclosure (708) is guided out of the inner cavity of the annular enclosure (708) by the spiral material guide structure (703), and the material between the annular enclosure (708) and the inner wall of the screen drum (1) is guided out of the screen drum (1) by the guide plate (704) through the sewage discharge door (705). 9.根据权利要求1或8所述的一种机床废弃物处理装置,其特征在于,还设有导出结构(8);9. A machine tool waste treatment device according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that it is further provided with a guide structure (8); 所述导出结构(8)包括长条状的导出块(801)、输送带(802)、出料缺口二(105)、传动轴(803)、联动辊(804)、动力齿(805)、传动齿(806)和传动链(807);The outlet structure (8) comprises an elongated outlet block (801), a conveyor belt (802), a second outlet notch (105), a transmission shaft (803), a linkage roller (804), power teeth (805), transmission teeth (806) and a transmission chain (807); 所述出料缺口二(105)开设在筛筒(1)顶部;The second discharge notch (105) is provided at the top of the screen drum (1); 所述导出块(801)的第一端临近主轴(102),第二端与筛筒(1)侧壁固定连接,且其底部与筛板一(101)顶部贴合;The first end of the outlet block (801) is adjacent to the main shaft (102), the second end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the screen drum (1), and the bottom thereof is in contact with the top of the screen plate 1 (101); 所述导出块(801)的第一端内转动安装有竖向设置的传动轴(803),第二端内安装有竖向设置的联动辊(804);A vertically arranged transmission shaft (803) is rotatably mounted in the first end of the output block (801), and a vertically arranged linkage roller (804) is mounted in the second end; 所述传动轴(803)和联动辊(804)构成的整体上套设有所述输送带(802);所述输送带(802)背离端部一(301)的侧壁与导出块(801)背离端部一(301)的侧壁共面;The conveyor belt (802) is sleeved on the whole formed by the transmission shaft (803) and the linkage roller (804); the side wall of the conveyor belt (802) facing away from the end one (301) is coplanar with the side wall of the outlet block (801) facing away from the end one (301); 所述传动轴(803)的顶部套设有与其固定连接的传动齿(806),所述主轴(102)上套设有与其固定连接的动力齿(805),且动力齿(805)与传动齿(806)构成的整体上套设有传动链(807)。The top of the transmission shaft (803) is sleeved with a transmission tooth (806) fixedly connected thereto, the main shaft (102) is sleeved with a power tooth (805) fixedly connected thereto, and a transmission chain (807) is sleeved on the whole formed by the power tooth (805) and the transmission tooth (806). 10.根据权利要求9所述的一种机床废弃物处理装置,其特征在于,所述导出结构(8)还包括接料盒二(107);10. A machine tool waste treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that the outlet structure (8) further comprises a second material receiving box (107); 所述接料盒二(107)安装在筛筒(1)外壁上;The second material receiving box (107) is mounted on the outer wall of the screen drum (1); 所述接料盒二(107)与筛筒(1)内腔通过出料缺口二(105)连通,且接料盒二(107)底部水平标高低于出料缺口二(105)底部水平标高;The second material receiving box (107) is connected to the inner cavity of the screen drum (1) through the second material discharging notch (105), and the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the second material receiving box (107) is lower than the horizontal elevation of the bottom of the second material discharging notch (105); 所述筛筒(1)中处于接料盒二(107)底部上方的侧壁上嵌置有筛网三(108)。A third screen (108) is embedded on the side wall of the screen cylinder (1) above the bottom of the second material receiving box (107).
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