CN118891986A - An agricultural device for improving soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to an agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture, which comprises a connecting shell, wherein one end of the connecting shell is a sleeved column, the other end of the connecting shell is a shell, the inner side of the connecting shell is rotationally connected with a sinking frame, the inner side of the sinking frame is fixedly connected with a soil opening motor, the output end of the soil opening motor is fixedly connected with a soil opening worm, the surface of the soil opening worm is meshed with a stabilizing shaft, the stabilizing shaft is rotationally connected with the sinking frame, and the two ends of the stabilizing shaft are sleeved with stabilizing belts. According to the application, the spiral strip-shaped soil shoveling shell is arranged, so that the soil shoveling shell can shovel up soil and rotationally screen out stones on the inner side of the soil, the carrying motor drives the carrying belt to rotate, the stones are clamped by the clamping hooks, the grid-shaped strips are arranged on the surface of the guide plate, the stones slide up and down to prevent rolling, the stones can be transported and collected, the effect of removing and collecting the stones in the soil is achieved, and the problems that the turning device is damaged and plant growth is influenced due to the stones on the inner side of the soil are solved.

Description

An agricultural device for improving soil

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to an agricultural device for improving agricultural soil.

Background Art

Soil improvement refers to a series of technical measures that use theories and technologies from multiple disciplines such as soil science, biology, and ecology to eliminate or prevent adverse factors that affect crop growth and cause soil degradation, improve soil properties, increase soil fertility, and create good soil environmental conditions for crops.

Through searching, Chinese patent announcement number CN112243612A discloses an agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture. The agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture includes: a mounting frame, a wheel is symmetrically arranged on one side of the bottom of the mounting frame; a soil turning mechanism, a soil turning mechanism is arranged on the mounting frame; a watering mechanism, a watering mechanism is arranged on the top of the mounting frame; a moving mechanism, a moving mechanism is arranged on the side of the top of the mounting frame away from the wheel. As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the soil turning mechanism includes: a bearing seat, a bearing seat is symmetrically arranged on the top of the mounting frame; a first rotating shaft, a first rotating shaft is arranged between two bearing seats; a second rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the side of the bottom of the mounting frame away from the wheel; a rotating harrow, a rotating harrow is evenly spaced on the second rotating shaft; a first belt transmission mechanism, a first belt transmission mechanism is arranged between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft; a servo motor, a servo motor is arranged on the top of the mounting frame close to the first rotating shaft; a second belt transmission mechanism, a second belt transmission mechanism is arranged between the output shaft of the servo motor and the first rotating shaft;

With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that there are the following defects:

When the soil is tilled, stones or bricks cannot be removed in time, which will not only damage the tillage device but also have a great impact on plant growth;

The soil after plowing will be stacked or furrowed, making the land uneven, which may affect the development of seeds when crops are planted;

When the soil is plowed, the fine sand and gravel on the surface will be concentrated to one side. The nutrients of the broken sand and gravel will be lost and concentrated, affecting the growth of crops.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology, the present application provides an agricultural device for improving soil.

The present application provides an agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture, which adopts the following technical scheme: it includes a connecting shell, one end of the connecting shell is a sleeve column and the other end is a shell, the inner side of the connecting shell is rotatably connected to a sinking frame, the inner side of the sinking frame is fixedly connected to a soil-opening motor, the output end of the soil-opening motor is fixedly connected to a soil-opening worm, the surface of the soil-opening worm is meshed with a stabilizing shaft, the stabilizing shaft is rotatably connected to the sinking frame, both ends of the stabilizing shaft are sleeved with stabilizing belts, the lower end of the stabilizing belt is sleeved with a soil-opening mechanism, the inner side of the connecting shell is fixedly connected to a sinking motor, the output end of the sinking motor is fixedly connected to a sinking worm, the surface of the sinking worm is meshed with a sinking shaft, and the sinking shaft The screen shell is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sinking frame, and the inner side of the connecting shell is rotatably connected with the screen shell, and the lower surface of the screen shell is provided with a discharge shell. The side of the screen shell is fixedly connected with a toggle tooth, and the surface of the toggle tooth is meshed with an adjustment mechanism. The inner side of the screen shell is fixedly connected with a transport motor, and the output end of the transport motor is fixedly connected with a transport belt. The inner side of the lower end of the screen shell is fixedly connected with the screen motor, and the output end of the screen motor is fixedly connected with a screen shaft, the screen shaft is rotatably connected with the screen shell, and the lower end of the screen shell is fixedly connected with a guide plate, and the guide plate is below the screen shaft. The lower end of the connecting shell is fixedly connected with a rotary tillage motor, and the output end of the rotary tillage motor is fixedly connected with a rotary tillage shaft.

Optionally, the stabilizing shaft consists of a core shaft, a first worm gear and a first pulley. The core shaft is rotatably connected to the sinking frame, the first worm gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the core shaft, the first worm gear is meshed with the earth-breaking worm, both ends of the core shaft are fixedly connected to the first pulleys, and the outer sides of the first pulleys are sleeved with stabilizing belts. By arranging the first pulleys at both ends of the stabilizing shaft, the two first pulleys drive the earth-breaking mechanism through the stabilizing belts at the same time, so that the earth-breaking mechanism is more stable when rotating.

Optionally, the earth-breaking mechanism includes an earth-breaking wheel and a second pulley, the center of the earth-breaking wheel is a circular axis, the surface of the circular axis of the earth-breaking wheel is provided with hook teeth, both ends of the earth-breaking wheel are fixedly connected to the second pulley, the stabilizing belt is sleeved on the outside of the second pulley, the earth-breaking wheel is rotatably connected to the sinking frame, and the earth-breaking mechanism is provided with hook teeth on the surface of the earth-breaking wheel so that the earth-breaking wheel can crush compacted soil when it rotates, and the hook teeth are used to poke or penetrate and crush stones inside the soil, so that the soil can be loosened by the earth-breaking mechanism.

Optionally, the center of the sinking shaft is a circular axis, the circular axis of the sinking shaft is rotatably connected to the shell, a second worm gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the sinking shaft, the second worm gear is meshed with the sinking worm, the sinking shaft can drive the sinking frame to adjust the elevation angle, and after adjustment, the sinking frame is relatively fixed to the connecting shell to maintain the stability of the device.

Optionally, the adjusting mechanism includes adjusting teeth, a torsion disk, a locking rod and a positioning sleeve, the adjusting teeth are meshed with the toggle teeth, the end face of the adjusting tooth is fixedly connected to the torsion disk via a round rod, the outer circumferential surface of the torsion disk is provided with a groove and is engaged with the locking rod, the end face of the torsion disk is provided with a hexagonal groove, the positioning sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside of the shell, the locking rod is provided on the inner side of the positioning sleeve and slides through the positioning sleeve, the surface of the upper end of the locking rod is sleeved with a spring, the adjusting mechanism adjusts the angle of the screening shell by pushing the toggle teeth, and uses the locking rod to fix it to prevent the adjusting tooth from rotating under force.

Optionally, the conveying belt is composed of a guide plate, a conveying shaft and a clamping belt. The guide plate is fixedly connected to the screening shell, a grid bar is arranged on the surface of the guide plate, the upper and lower ends of the guide plate are rotatably connected to the conveying shaft, and a clamping belt is sleeved on the outer side of the conveying shaft. The conveying belt can convey stones. By arranging the guide plate and the grid bars on the surface, the stones will not roll when moving, and by arranging the clamping belt, the stones can be clamped and conveyed.

Optionally, the screening shaft includes a shoveling shell, a discharge rod, a linkage wheel and a linkage belt. The overall shape of the shoveling shell is conical, and the shoveling shell is composed of a spiral strip and a conical shell. The conical shell of the shoveling shell is connected to and penetrated by the discharge rod. The discharge rod is above the guide plate, and the end face of the discharge rod is fixedly connected to the linkage wheel. The outer side of the linkage wheel is sleeved with a linkage belt. The screening shaft shovels soil by setting a spiral strip of the shoveling shell, and the soil inside is removed and stones are screened out by rotating the shoveling shell. The spiral rotation is used to make the stones enter the discharge rod and fall onto the surface of the guide plate. The synchronous operation of each screening shaft is maintained by setting a linkage wheel and a linkage belt.

Optionally, the rotary tillage shaft has a spiral worm shape, and the teeth of the rotary tillage shaft have the effect of turning over and combing the soil when rotating. The rotary tillage shaft can mix the soil on the soil surface by rotating and can rotate through the spiral shape to level the soil.

Optionally, the left and right ends of the clamping belt are connecting belts, a clamping rod is fixedly connected between the two connecting belts, and a clamping hook is fixedly connected to the surface of the clamping rod. The clamping belt is provided with a clamping hook on the surface so that the stone can be clamped and pushed to slide upward along the guide plate.

In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

The agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture is provided with a spiral long strip shovel shell so that the shovel shell can scoop up soil and rotate to screen out stones inside the soil, a transporting motor drives a transport belt to rotate, and a clamping hook clamps the stones, and a grid-shaped long strip is provided on the surface of a guide plate so that the stones can slide up and down without rolling, so that the stones can be transported and collected, thereby achieving the effect of removing and collecting stones inside the soil, and solving the problem that the presence of stones inside the soil may damage the tillage device and affect the growth of plants.

The agricultural device for improving the soil in agriculture drives the sinking shaft by rotating the sinking worm, so that the sinking shaft drives the sinking frame to rotate to adjust the height and angle of the soil-opening mechanism, and drives the stabilizing shaft to rotate by the soil-opening worm, so that the stabilizing shaft drives the soil-opening mechanism from both ends, so that the soil-opening wheel 71 of the soil-opening mechanism can stably rotate to break the soil when it touches a hard block, and a rotary tillage shaft is arranged at the rear end of the device, so that the excavated soil can be smoothed by the rotating rotary tillage shaft, thereby solving the problem of uneven land caused by overlapping or gullies in the soil after plowing.

The agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture has a soil-opening mechanism that rotates to destroy the compacted structure of the soil, making it easy to crush the soil; a screening shaft is set to rotate and screen the soil and remove stones to make the soil purer; a rotary tillage shaft is set to rotate and till the soil to make the soil more uniform and flat, solving the problem that broken sand and gravel on the surface will be concentrated to one side when the soil is plowed, resulting in nutrient loss.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sinking frame in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil-opening mechanism in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sinking shaft in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the screening shell structure in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the screening shaft structure in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveyor belt in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary tillage shaft in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged view of position A in the embodiment of the present application.

As shown in the accompanying drawings: 1. connecting shell; 101. sleeve column; 102. shell; 2. sinking frame; 3. soil-opening motor; 4. soil-opening worm; 5. stabilizing shaft; 51. mandrel; 52. first worm wheel; 53. first pulley; 6. stabilizing belt; 7. soil-opening mechanism; 71. soil-opening wheel; 72. second pulley; 8. sinking motor; 9. sinking worm; 10. sinking shaft; 103. second worm wheel; 11. screening shell; 111. discharge shell; 12. toggle gear; 13. adjustment mechanism; 1 31. Adjusting teeth; 132. Twisting disk; 133. Positioning rod; 134. Positioning sleeve; 14. Transporting motor; 15. Transporting belt; 151. Guide plate; 152. Transport shaft; 153. Material-locking belt; 1531. Connecting belt; 1532. Material-locking rod; 1533. Material-locking hook; 16. Screening motor; 17. Screening shaft; 171. Soil-shoveling shell; 172. Discharging rod; 173. Linkage wheel; 174. Linkage belt; 18. Guide plate; 19. Rotary tillage motor; 20. Rotary tillage shaft.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 1-9.

The embodiment of the present application discloses an agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture. As shown in Figures 1-9, it includes a connecting shell 1, one end of the connecting shell 1 is a sleeve column 101 and the other end is a shell 102, the inner side of the connecting shell 1 is rotatably connected to a sinking frame 2, the inner side of the sinking frame 2 is fixedly connected to a soil-opening motor 3, the output end of the soil-opening motor 3 is fixedly connected to a soil-opening worm 4, the surface of the soil-opening worm 4 is meshed with a stabilizing shaft 5, the stabilizing shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the sinking frame 2, the two ends of the stabilizing shaft 5 are sleeved with stabilizing belts 6, the lower end of the stabilizing belt 6 is sleeved with a soil-opening mechanism 7, and the stabilizing shaft 5 is composed of a core shaft 51, a first shaft 52, and a second shaft 53. It is composed of a worm wheel 52 and a first pulley 53. The core shaft 51 is rotatably connected to the sinking frame 2. The first worm wheel 52 is fixedly connected to the surface of the core shaft 51. The first worm wheel 52 is engaged with the excavation worm 4. Both ends of the core shaft 51 are fixedly connected to the first pulleys 53. The outer sides of the first pulleys 53 are sleeved with stabilizing belts 6. The stabilizing shaft 5 is provided with first pulleys 53 at both ends, so that the two first pulleys 53 drive the excavation mechanism 7 through the stabilizing belt 6 at the same time, so that the excavation mechanism 7 is more stable when rotating.

A sinking motor 8 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting shell 1, and the excavating mechanism 7 includes an excavating wheel 71 and a second pulley 72. The center of the excavating wheel 71 is a circular axis, and the circular axis surface of the excavating wheel 71 is provided with hook teeth. Both ends of the excavating wheel 71 are fixedly connected with the second pulley 72, and the stabilizing belt 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the second pulley 72. The excavating wheel 71 is rotatably connected to the sinking frame 2. The excavating mechanism 7 is provided with hook teeth on the surface of the excavating wheel 71, so that the excavating wheel 71 can crush the compacted soil when it rotates, and the hook teeth are used to poke or penetrate and crush the stones inside the soil, so that the soil can be loosened by the excavating mechanism 7.

A sinking worm 9 is fixedly connected to the output end of the sinking motor 8, and a sinking shaft 10 is meshed with the surface of the sinking worm 9. The sinking shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sinking frame 2, and a screening shell 11 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting shell 1. The center of the sinking shaft 10 is a circular axis, and the circular axis of the sinking shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the shell body 102. A second worm gear 103 is fixedly connected to the surface of the sinking shaft 10, and the second worm gear 103 is meshed with the sinking worm 9. The sinking shaft 10 can drive the sinking frame 2 to adjust the elevation angle, and make the sinking frame 2 relatively fixed to the connecting shell 1 after adjustment to maintain the stability of the device.

A discharging shell 111 is provided on the lower surface of the screening shell 11, and a toggle tooth 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the screening shell 11, and an adjusting mechanism 13 is meshed on the surface of the toggle tooth 12. A conveying motor 14 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the screening shell 11. The adjusting mechanism 13 includes an adjusting tooth 131, a twisting disk 132, a clamping rod 133 and a positioning sleeve 134. The adjusting tooth 131 is meshed with the toggle tooth 12, and the end face of the adjusting tooth 131 is fixedly connected to the twisting disk 132 through a round rod. The outer circumferential surface of the twisting disk 132 is provided with a groove and is clamped with the clamping rod 133. The end face of the twisting disk 132 is provided with a hexagonal groove, and the positioning sleeve 134 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the shell 102. The clamping rod 133 is arranged on the inner side of the positioning sleeve 134 and slides through it. The surface of the upper end of the clamping rod 133 is sleeved with a spring. The adjusting mechanism 13 adjusts the angle of the screening shell 11 by pushing the toggle tooth 12, and uses the clamping rod 133 to fix and prevent the adjusting tooth 131 from rotating under force.

The output end of the transport motor 14 is fixedly connected to a transport belt 15, which is composed of a guide plate 151, a transport shaft 152 and a clamping belt 153. The guide plate 151 is fixedly connected to the screening shell 11, and a grid bar is arranged on the surface of the guide plate 151. The upper and lower ends of the guide plate 151 are rotatably connected to the transport shaft 152, and the outer side of the transport shaft 152 is sleeved with a clamping belt 153. The transport belt 15 can transport stones. By arranging the guide plate 151 and the grid bars on the surface, the stones will not roll when moving, and by arranging the clamping belt 153, the stones can be clamped and transported.

The left and right ends of the clamping belt 153 are connecting belts 1531, and a clamping rod 1532 is fixedly connected between the two connecting belts 1531. A clamping hook 1533 is fixedly connected to the surface of the clamping rod 1532. The clamping belt 153 is provided with the clamping hook 1533 on the surface, so that the stone can be clamped and pushed to slide upward along the guide plate 151.

The inner side of the lower end of the screening shell 11 is fixedly connected to a screening motor 16, and the output end of the screening motor 16 is fixedly connected to a screening shaft 17, which is rotatably connected to the screening shell 11. The lower end of the screening shell 11 is fixedly connected to a guide plate 18, which is below the screening shaft 17. The screening shaft 17 includes a shoveling shell 171, a discharge rod 172, a linkage wheel 173 and a linkage belt 174. The shoveling shell 171 is conical in shape as a whole. The shoveling shell 171 is composed of a spiral strip and a conical shell. The conical shell of the shoveling shell 171 is connected and penetrated with a discharge rod 172. The material rod 172 and the discharge rod 172 are above the guide plate 18. The end face of the discharge rod 172 is fixedly connected with a linkage wheel 173. The outer side of the linkage wheel 173 is sleeved with a linkage belt 174. The screening shaft 17 scoops up the soil by setting a spiral long shovel shell 171. The shovel shell 171 rotates to remove the soil inside and screen out the stones. The spiral rotation is used to make the stones enter the discharge rod 172 and fall onto the surface of the guide plate 18. The linkage wheel 173 and the linkage belt 174 are set to keep the synchronous operation of each screening shaft 17.

A rotary tillage motor 19 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting shell 1, and a rotary tillage shaft 20 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary tillage motor 19. The rotary tillage shaft 20 has a spiral worm shape, and the teeth of the rotary tillage shaft 20 have the effect of turning over and combing the soil when rotating. The rotary tillage shaft 20 can mix the soil on the soil surface by rotating and rotate through the spiral shape so that the soil can be leveled.

The implementation principle of the agricultural device for improving soil in an agricultural field according to the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when in use, the device is first installed on the pushing device of the sleeve column 101, and the sinking motor 8 is started to drive the sinking worm 9 to rotate, so that the sinking worm 9 drives the sinking shaft 10 to rotate, so that the sinking frame 2 rotates inside the shell 102, so that the soil-penetrating angle of the soil-penetrating mechanism 7 is adjusted, and the soil-penetrating motor 3 is started to drive the soil-penetrating worm 4 to rotate, so that the soil-penetrating worm 4 rotates to drive the stabilizing belts 6 at both ends, and the soil-penetrating mechanism 7 is driven by the stabilizing belts 6 to rotate the soil-penetrating wheel 71 to destroy and crush the compacted soil;

The torsion plate 132 is pushed to rotate by using a tool, so that the adjusting tooth 131 pushes the toggle tooth 12 to rotate, so that the angle of the screening shell 11 changes, thereby changing the angle of the screening shaft 17. The clamping rod 133 is pushed by the spring to clamp the torsion plate 132, so that the adjusting tooth 131 bites the toggle tooth 12 to fix the angle. The screening shaft 17 is driven to rotate by starting the screening motor 16, so that the shovel shell 171 scoops up the crushed soil, and the spiral shell of the shovel shell 171 rotates to remove the stones inside the soil from the soil. The inner side is raised to enter the discharge rod 172 and falls onto the surface of the guide plate 18. The stone falls along the guide plate 18 to the surface of the conveying belt 15. The conveying motor 14 is started to drive the conveying shaft 152 to rotate, so that the clamping belt 153 rotates on the surface of the guide plate 151. The clamping hook 1533 clamps the stone to prevent it from falling during transportation. The stone is transported to the discharge shell 111 and slides to one side. The rotary tillage motor 19 is started to drive the rotary tillage shaft 20 to rotate, so that the screened soil is broken, leveled and mixed.

The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. An agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture, comprising a connecting shell (1), one end of the connecting shell (1) being a sleeve column (101) and the other end being a housing (102), characterized in that: a sinking frame (2) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting shell (1), a soil-opening motor (3) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sinking frame (2), a soil-opening worm (4) is fixedly connected to the output end of the soil-opening motor (3), a stabilizing shaft (5) is meshed on the surface of the soil-opening worm (4), the stabilizing shaft (5) is rotatably connected to the sinking frame (2), stabilizing belts (6) are sleeved at both ends of the stabilizing shaft (5), and a soil-opening mechanism (7) is sleeved at the lower end of the stabilizing belt (6); The inner side of the connecting shell (1) is fixedly connected to a sinking motor (8), the output end of the sinking motor (8) is fixedly connected to a sinking worm (9), the surface of the sinking worm (9) is meshed with a sinking shaft (10), the sinking shaft (10) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sinking frame (2), the inner side of the connecting shell (1) is rotatably connected to a screening shell (11), the lower surface of the screening shell (11) is provided with a discharge shell (111), the side of the screening shell (11) is fixedly connected to a toggle tooth (12), the surface of the toggle tooth (12) is meshed with an adjustment mechanism (13), the inner side of the screening shell (11) is fixedly connected to A conveying motor (14) is fixedly connected to the output end of the conveying motor (14) with a conveying belt (15); a screening motor (16) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the lower end of the screening shell (11); a screening shaft (17) is fixedly connected to the output end of the screening motor (16); the screening shaft (17) is rotatably connected to the screening shell (11); a guide plate (18) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screening shell (11); the guide plate (18) is below the screening shaft (17); a rotary tillage motor (19) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting shell (1); and a rotary tillage shaft (20) is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary tillage motor (19). 2. An agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stabilizing shaft (5) is composed of a core shaft (51), a first worm wheel (52) and a first pulley (53), the core shaft (51) is rotatably connected to the sinking frame (2), the surface of the core shaft (51) is fixedly connected with the first worm wheel (52), the first worm wheel (52) is meshed with the soil-opening worm (4), both ends of the core shaft (51) are fixedly connected with the first pulley (53), and the outer side of the first pulley (53) is sleeved with a stabilizing belt (6). 3. An agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil-opening mechanism (7) comprises a soil-opening wheel (71) and a second pulley (72), the center of the soil-opening wheel (71) is a circular axis, the surface of the circular axis of the soil-opening wheel (71) is provided with hook teeth, both ends of the soil-opening wheel (71) are fixedly connected to the second pulley (72), the stabilizing belt (6) is sleeved on the outside of the second pulley (72), and the soil-opening wheel (71) is rotatably connected to the sinking frame (2). 4. An agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the center of the sinking shaft (10) is a circular axis, the circular axis of the sinking shaft (10) is rotatably connected to the shell (102), and a second worm wheel (103) is fixedly connected to the surface of the sinking shaft (10), and the second worm wheel (103) is meshed with the sinking worm (9). 5. An agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjustment mechanism (13) comprises an adjustment tooth (131), a twisting disk (132), a locking rod (133) and a positioning sleeve (134), the adjustment tooth (131) is meshed with the toggle tooth (12), the end face of the adjustment tooth (131) is fixedly connected to the twisting disk (132) through a round rod, the outer peripheral surface of the twisting disk (132) is provided with a groove and is locked with the locking rod (133), the end face of the twisting disk (132) is provided with a hexagonal groove, the positioning sleeve (134) is fixedly connected to the outside of the shell (102), the locking rod (133) is arranged on the inner side of the positioning sleeve (134) and penetrates and slides therethrough, and the surface of the upper end of the locking rod (133) is sleeved with a spring. 6. An agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conveying belt (15) is composed of a guide plate (151), a conveying shaft (152) and a clamping belt (153), the guide plate (151) is fixedly connected to the screening shell (11), a grid bar is arranged on the surface of the guide plate (151), the upper and lower ends of the guide plate (151) are rotatably connected to the conveying shaft (152), and the clamping belt (153) is sleeved on the outer side of the conveying shaft (152). 7. An agricultural device for improving soil in agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the screening shaft (17) includes a soil shoveling shell (171), a discharge rod (172), a linkage wheel (173) and a linkage belt (174), the soil shoveling shell (171) is conical in shape as a whole, the soil shoveling shell (171) is composed of a spiral strip and a cone shell, the cone shell of the soil shoveling shell (171) is connected to and penetrated by the discharge rod (172), the discharge rod (172) is above the guide plate (18), the end face of the discharge rod (172) is fixedly connected to the linkage wheel (173), and the linkage belt (174) is sleeved on the outer side of the linkage wheel (173). 8. An agricultural device for improving soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary tillage shaft (20) has a spiral worm shape, and the teeth of the rotary tillage shaft (20) have the effect of turning and combing the soil when rotating. 9. An agricultural device for improving soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: the left and right ends of the clamping belt (153) are connecting belts (1531), a clamping rod (1532) is fixedly connected between the two connecting belts (1531), and a clamping hook (1533) is fixedly connected to the surface of the clamping rod (1532).