CN118868485A - Motor with anti-sand and dust cooling function for aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor with sand and dust prevention cooling function for an aircraft, which comprises a shell and a stator-rotor assembly in the shell, wherein a plurality of cavities for airflow circulation are arranged in the shell, one end of the side wall of the shell, which is close to an output shaft, is provided with an air inlet window which corresponds to and is communicated with the cavities, a filter screen for preventing sand and dust and sundries from entering the shell is fixed on the air inlet window, and the bottom of the shell is provided with an air outlet which corresponds to and is communicated with the cavities; a protective cover is fixed at one end of the shell, which is positioned at the output shaft, the middle part of the protective cover penetrates through and is fixedly connected with a sealing shaft sleeve, the sealing shaft sleeve is sleeved on the output shaft, an annular groove is formed in the end face, facing the outer side of the protective cover, of the sealing shaft sleeve, and the output shaft is sleeved with and coaxially and fixedly connected with a sleeve cap; a heat dissipation mechanism for cooling the stator and rotor assembly is arranged in the cavity and is in transmission connection with the output shaft; the heat dissipation mechanism is provided with an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the air inlet window and the air outlet, and is in transmission connection with the opening and closing mechanism.

Description

Motor with anti-sand and dust cooling function for aircraft

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, and in particular to a motor with a dust-proof cooling function for an aircraft.

Background Art

Aircraft are widely used in military, civil, police, urban management, agriculture, geology, meteorology, electricity, disaster relief, video shooting, and even toys. The motor of the aircraft will generate a lot of heat during operation. If the heat is not dissipated in time, it will cause damage to the motor and cause the aircraft to fall. Therefore, the motor needs to be cooled efficiently. Since the relative flow rate of the airflow during the operation of the aircraft is too fast, small particles of debris in the air can easily enter the motor and cause damage to the motor, such as small sand particles, soil, dust, plant debris, etc. in the air. In addition, during the take-off and landing of the aircraft, the sand and soil kicked up by the blades can easily enter the motor, causing the motor to not work properly. In view of this, we propose a motor with anti-sand and dust cooling function for aircraft.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a motor with anti-dust cooling function for aircraft to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a motor with anti-dust cooling function for aircraft, comprising a housing and a stator-rotor assembly inside the housing, a plurality of cavities for airflow are arranged inside the housing, an air inlet window corresponding to and connected with the cavity is opened at one end of the side wall of the housing close to the output shaft, and a filter screen is fixed on the air inlet window to prevent dust and debris from entering the interior of the housing, and an air outlet corresponding to and connected with the cavity is opened at the bottom of the housing;

A protective cover is fixed on one end of the output shaft on the housing, a sealing sleeve is passed through the middle of the protective cover and fixedly connected, and the sealing sleeve is sleeved on the output shaft, an annular groove is provided on the end surface of the sealing sleeve facing the outer side of the protective cover, a sleeve cap is sleeved on the output shaft and coaxially fixedly connected, and the sleeve cap is adapted to be inserted in the annular groove and can rotate in the annular groove;

A heat dissipation mechanism for cooling the stator and rotor components is arranged in the cavity, and the heat dissipation mechanism is drivingly connected to the output shaft;

An opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the air inlet window and the air outlet is arranged on the heat dissipation mechanism, and the heat dissipation mechanism is transmission-connected with the opening and closing mechanism.

Preferably, the heat dissipation mechanism includes a rotating shaft arranged in the cavity, the upper end of the rotating shaft passes through the end wall of the casing and is located in the protective cover, the lower end of the rotating shaft is fixedly rotatably connected to the cross brace, the two ends of the cross brace are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the stator-rotor assembly, and an impeller is coaxially fixed to the middle part of the rotating shaft.

Preferably, a pump wheel corresponding to the rotating shaft is fixed to the outside of the protective cover, and the upper end of the rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the protective cover and is coaxially fixedly connected to the impeller shaft in the corresponding pump wheel. An air pipe is fixed and connected to the outer peripheral wall of the pump wheel, and one end of the air pipe is connected to the side wall of the annular groove.

Preferably, an axis frame corresponding to the cavity is provided in the protective cover, and the axis frame is fixed on the end wall of the casing, and axle rod one and axle rod two are rotatably connected to the axis frame, and axle rod one and axle rod two are arranged parallel to each other, and a conical roller one is coaxially fixedly connected to axle rod one, and a conical roller two is coaxially fixedly connected to axle rod two, and conical roller one and conical roller two are connected by a transmission roller column.

Preferably, gear one is coaxially fixed on shaft two, and gear one is meshingly connected with gear two, gear two is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft, and shaft one is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft through a bevel gear set.

Preferably, a slide cylinder is fixed on the shaft frame, a piston plate is slidably connected in the slide cylinder, a push-pull rod 2 is fixed on the piston plate, a transmission roller is fixedly axially rotatably connected to the end of the push-pull rod 2 away from the piston plate, a heat-conducting cylinder is fixed in the cavity, and the heat-conducting cylinder is connected to the slide cylinder through a connecting pipe, a slide plate is slidably connected in the heat-conducting cylinder, and the slide plate is connected to the end of the heat-conducting cylinder through a spring 3, the heat-conducting cylinder is filled with heat-conducting gas on the side of the slide plate facing the cavity, and the heat-conducting cylinder is filled with oil on the other side of the slide plate, and the oil can enter the slide cylinder through the connecting pipe.

Preferably, the opening and closing mechanism includes a ring plate one and a ring plate three which are sleeved and slidably connected to the rotating shaft, the ring plate one and the ring plate three are located on the upper and lower sides of the impeller, and the ring plate one is connected to the impeller through a spring one, a plurality of counterweight rods are arranged between the ring plate one and the ring plate three, and the plurality of counterweight rods are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft, the upper end of the counterweight rod is hinged to the bottom surface of the ring plate one through a connecting rod one, the lower end of the counterweight rod is hinged to the upper surface of the ring plate three through a connecting rod three, and a spoiler is fixed on the counterweight rod.

Preferably, a baffle for blocking the air inlet window is provided in the cavity, the upper end of the baffle is hinged on the inner wall of the casing at a position above the air inlet window, the lower end of the baffle is hinged to the second ring plate through the second connecting rod, the second ring plate is mounted on the rotating shaft, and the second ring plate is rotatably connected to the first ring plate on a fixed axis.

Preferably, the cross section of the air outlet is T-shaped, and a plunger is provided in the cavity, the plunger is located below the cross brace, the cross section of the plunger is adapted to the air outlet, and is used to block the air outlet.

Preferably, the bottom surface of ring plate three is rotatably connected to ring plate four, and ring plate four is sleeved on the rotating shaft. A push-pull rod one is fixed to the bottom surface of ring plate four, and the push-pull rod one is protruding and slidably connected to the cross brace, and the push-pull rod one and the rotating shaft are arranged parallel to each other. The lower end of the push-pull rod one is fixedly connected to the plunger, and a guide slide bar is fixed between the bottom surface of the cross brace and the stepped surface of the air outlet, and the guide slide bar and the push-pull rod one are arranged parallel to each other, and the plunger is connected to the cross brace through spring two.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the present invention, a plurality of cavities for air flow are provided in the casing, and a heat dissipation mechanism is provided inside the cavity. An air inlet window corresponding to and connected to the cavity is provided at one end of the side wall of the casing close to the output shaft, and a filter screen is fixed on the air inlet window to prevent dust and debris from entering the casing. An air outlet corresponding to and connected to the cavity is provided at the bottom of the casing. Therefore, when the motor is working, the heat dissipation mechanism is driven to flow in the cavity, so that the motor is efficiently cooled and dissipated. At the same time, the filter screen is used to filter out the debris entrained therein, so as to prevent dust and debris from entering the motor and protect the stator and rotor components. When the heat dissipation mechanism is working, the opening and closing mechanism is driven to open the air inlet window and the air outlet, and an automatic adjustment heat dissipation effect is achieved according to the working state of the motor. When the motor stops using, the baffle blocks the air inlet window and the plunger blocks the air outlet, so as to prevent debris or flying insects from entering the motor through the air inlet window and the air outlet.

In the present invention, the sealing performance between the sealing sleeve and the output shaft is increased by the coordinated use of the sleeve cap and the ring groove, which greatly improves the effect of preventing external dust and debris from entering the interior of the motor through the gap between the sealing sleeve and the output shaft. In addition, when the rotating shaft rotates, the impeller shaft in the pump wheel is driven to rotate, so that the pump wheel can suck and discharge tiny debris in the ring groove through the air pipe, thereby improving the anti-dust effect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a general assembly cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

FIG2 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of point A in FIG1;

FIG3 is a second schematic diagram of the general assembly cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

FIG4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in FIG3 ;

FIG5 is a side view of the carriage and turntable structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sealing sleeve in the present invention.

In the figure: 1, shaft rod 1; 2, bevel gear set; 3, baffle; 4, air intake window; 5, plunger; 6, spring 1; 7, impeller; 8, push-pull rod 1; 9, guide slide bar; 10, spring 2; 11, cross brace; 12, counterweight rod; 13, casing; 14, spoiler; 15, connecting rod 1; 16, connecting rod 2; 17, filter screen; 18, sealing sleeve; 19, pump wheel; 20, air pipe; 21, protective cover; 22, gear 1; 23, gear 2; 24 , air outlet; 25, rotating shaft; 26, spring three; 27, slide plate; 28, heat-conducting tube; 29, slide tube; 30, piston plate; 31, push-pull rod two; 32, tapered roller two; 33, shaft rod two; 34, transmission roller column; 35, shaft frame; 36, tapered roller one; 37, connecting pipe; 38, ring plate one; 39, ring plate two; 40, connecting rod three; 41, ring plate three; 42, ring plate four; 43, slide frame; 44, pin rod; 45, ring groove; 46, sleeve cap.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical personnel in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a motor with dust-proof cooling function for aircraft, comprising a housing 13 and a stator-rotor assembly inside the housing 13, wherein a plurality of cavities for airflow are arranged inside the housing 13, an air intake window 4 corresponding to and connected with the cavities is provided at one end of the side wall of the housing 13 close to the output shaft, and a filter screen 17 for preventing dust and debris from entering the housing 13 is fixed on the air intake window 4, and an air outlet 24 corresponding to and connected with the cavities is provided at the bottom of the housing 13;

A protective cover 21 is fixed on the housing 13 at one end of the output shaft, a sealing sleeve 18 is passed through and fixedly connected to the middle of the protective cover 21, and the sealing sleeve 18 is sleeved on the output shaft, and an annular groove 45 is provided on the end surface of the sealing sleeve 18 facing the outer side of the protective cover 21, a sleeve cap 46 is sleeved on the output shaft and coaxially fixedly connected, and the sleeve cap 46 is adapted to be inserted in the annular groove 45 and can rotate in the annular groove 45, a pump wheel 19 corresponding to the rotating shaft 25 is fixed on the outer side of the protective cover 21, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 25 passes through the side wall of the protective cover 21 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the impeller shaft in the corresponding pump wheel 19, an air pipe 20 is fixed on and connected to the outer peripheral wall of the pump wheel 19, and one end of the air pipe 20 is connected to the side wall of the annular groove 45;

A heat dissipation mechanism for cooling the stator and rotor components is arranged in the cavity, and the heat dissipation mechanism is drivingly connected to the output shaft;

The heat dissipation mechanism is provided with an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the air inlet window 4 and the air outlet 24, and the heat dissipation mechanism is transmission-connected with the opening and closing mechanism.

In this embodiment, the heat dissipation mechanism includes a rotating shaft 25 arranged in the cavity, the upper end of the rotating shaft 25 passes through the end wall of the casing 13 and is located in the protective cover 21, the lower end of the rotating shaft 25 is fixedly connected to the cross brace 11, the two ends of the cross brace 11 are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the casing 13 and the outer wall of the stator-rotor assembly, the middle part of the rotating shaft 25 is coaxially fixed with the impeller 7, the protective cover 21 is provided with a shaft frame 35 corresponding to the cavity, and the shaft frame 35 is fixed to the end wall of the casing 13, and the shaft frame 35 is fixedly connected to the cross brace 11. There are shaft rod 1 and shaft rod 2 33, shaft rod 1 and shaft rod 2 33 are arranged parallel to each other, shaft rod 1 is coaxially fixedly connected with conical roller 1 36, shaft rod 2 33 is coaxially fixedly connected with conical roller 2 32, conical roller 1 36 and conical roller 2 32 are transmission connected through transmission roller column 34, gear 1 22 is coaxially fixed on shaft rod 2 33, and gear 1 22 is meshingly connected with gear 2 23, gear 2 23 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft, and shaft rod 1 is transmission connected with rotating shaft 25 through bevel gear set 2.

In this embodiment, a slide cylinder 29 is fixed on the shaft frame 35, and a piston plate 30 is slidably connected in the slide cylinder 29. A push-pull rod 21 is fixed on the piston plate 30. A transmission roller 34 is axially connected to the end of the push-pull rod 21 away from the piston plate 30. A heat-conducting cylinder 28 is fixed in the cavity, and the heat-conducting cylinder 28 is connected to the slide cylinder 29 through a connecting pipe 37. A slide plate 27 is slidably connected in the heat-conducting cylinder 28, and the slide plate 27 is connected to the end of the heat-conducting cylinder 28 through a spring 3 26. The heat-conducting cylinder 28 is filled with heat-conducting gas on the side of the slide plate 27 facing the cavity, and the heat-conducting cylinder 28 is filled with oil on the other side of the slide plate 27. The oil can enter the slide cylinder 29 through the connecting pipe 37.

In this embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism includes a ring plate 1 38 and a ring plate 3 41 which are sleeved and slidably connected to the rotating shaft 25, the ring plate 1 38 and the ring plate 3 41 are located on the upper and lower sides of the impeller 7, and the ring plate 1 38 is connected to the impeller 7 through a spring 1 6, a plurality of counterweight rods 12 are arranged between the ring plate 1 38 and the ring plate 3 41, and the plurality of counterweight rods 12 are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft 25, the upper end of the counterweight rod 12 is hinged to the bottom surface of the ring plate 1 38 through a connecting rod 1 15, the lower end of the counterweight rod 12 is hinged to the upper surface of the ring plate 3 41 through a connecting rod 3 40, a spoiler 14 is fixed to the counterweight rod 12, a baffle 3 for blocking the air intake window 4 is arranged in the cavity, the upper end of the baffle 3 is hinged to the inner side wall of the casing 13 at a position above the air intake window 4, the lower end of the baffle 3 is hinged to the ring plate 2 39 through a connecting rod 2 16, and the ring Plate 2 39 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 25, and ring plate 2 39 is fixedly rotatably connected to ring plate 1 38. The cross section of the air outlet 24 is T-shaped, and a plunger 5 is arranged in the cavity. The plunger 5 is located below the cross brace 11. The cross section of the plunger 5 is adapted to the air outlet 24 and is used to block the air outlet 24. The bottom surface of ring plate 3 41 is fixedly rotatably connected to ring plate 4 42. Ring plate 4 42 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 25. A push-pull rod 1 8 is fixed on the bottom surface of ring plate 4 42. The push-pull rod 1 8 is protruding and slidably connected to the cross brace 11, and the push-pull rod 1 8 and the rotating shaft 25 are arranged parallel to each other. The lower end of the push-pull rod 1 8 is fixedly connected to the plunger 5. A guide slide bar 9 is fixed between the bottom surface of the cross brace 11 and the stepped surface of the air outlet 24, and the guide slide bar 9 and the push-pull rod 1 8 are arranged parallel to each other. The plunger 5 is connected to the cross brace 11 through a spring 2 10.

Working principle and advantages of the present invention: When the motor with dust-proof cooling function is used for the aircraft, the working process is as follows:

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, in the initial state, the baffle 3 blocks the air inlet window 4, and the plunger 5 blocks the air outlet 24. When the aircraft's motor is working, the stator-rotor assembly drives the output shaft to rotate, so that the output shaft drives the gear 2 23 to rotate, so that the gear 2 23 drives the shaft 2 33 to rotate through the gear 1 22, and the shaft 2 33 synchronously drives the conical roller 2 32 to rotate, so that the conical roller 2 32 drives the conical roller 1 36 and the shaft 1 1 to rotate through the transmission roller column 34, and then the shaft 1 drives the rotating shaft 25 to rotate through the bevel gear set 2, so that the rotating shaft 25 drives the impeller 7 to rotate.

When the rotating shaft 25 rotates, the ring plate 1 38 and the ring plate 3 41 are synchronously driven to rotate, so that the ring plate 1 38 and the ring plate 3 41 drive the counterweight rod 12 to rotate through the connecting rod 1 15 and the connecting rod 3 40, so that the counterweight rod 12 obtains centrifugal force, and the centrifugal force drives the ring plate 1 38 and the ring plate 3 41 to approach each other through the connecting rod 1 15 and the connecting rod 3 40, and makes the ring plate 1 38 compress the spring 1 6, so that the spring 1 6 obtains a restoring force, and when the ring plate 1 38 and the ring plate 3 41 approach each other, the ring plate 1 38 applies a pulling force to the lower end of the baffle 3 through the ring plate 2 39 and the connecting rod 2 16, so that the baffle 3 opens the air intake window 4. Open, and at the same time, the ring plate three 41 lifts the plunger 5 through the ring plate four 42 and the push-pull rod one 8, so that the plunger 5 opens the air outlet 24, and the plunger 5 compresses the spring two 10, so that the spring two 10 obtains a restoring force, and the air enters the cavity from the air inlet window 4 under the rotation of the impeller 7, and is discharged from the air outlet 24, and the flow of air in the cavity is used to dissipate the heat inside the motor, and the counterweight rod 12 rotates to drive the spoiler 14 to rotate, disturbing the airflow passing through the cavity, thereby increasing the heat dissipation efficiency, achieving fast and efficient heat dissipation of the stator and rotor components, ensuring the normal use of the motor and preventing overheating.

As described above, when the air enters the cavity, it is filtered by the filter 17 to remove the impurities contained therein, thereby preventing the impurities from entering the interior of the motor, thus protecting the stator and rotor assembly.

As shown in FIG6 , the combined use of the sleeve cap 46 and the annular groove 45 increases the sealing performance between the sealing sleeve 18 and the output shaft, greatly improving the effect of preventing external dust and debris from entering the interior of the motor through the gap between the sealing sleeve 18 and the output shaft. In addition, when the rotating shaft 25 rotates, it drives the impeller shaft in the pump wheel 19 to rotate, so that the pump wheel 19 can suck and discharge the tiny debris in the annular groove 45 through the air pipe 20, thereby improving the anti-dust effect.

When the load of the motor increases, the heat generation increases, and the temperature in the cavity rises. At this time, the heat-conducting gas in the heat-conducting cylinder 28 expands, causing the slide plate 27 to move up and stretch the spring three 26, so that the spring three 26 obtains a restoring force, and while the slide plate 27 moves up, the oil in the upper part is squeezed into the slide cylinder 29 through the connecting pipe 37, thereby increasing the hydraulic pressure in the slide cylinder 29, and causing the piston plate 30 to drive the transmission roller column 34 to move right in FIG. 2 through the push-pull rod 2 31, thereby increasing the transmission ratio of the tapered roller 2 32 to the tapered roller 1 36, thereby improving the rotation axis. 25, thereby increasing the speed of the impeller 7, improving the air conveying capacity of the impeller 7, and achieving the purpose of improving the heat dissipation efficiency. After the speed of the rotating shaft 25 increases, the speed of the counterweight rod 12 driven by it is also increased, thereby increasing the centrifugal force of the counterweight rod 12, and then the ring plate 1 38 and the ring plate 3 41 are further approached to each other, so that the baffle 3 and the plunger 5 are opened to a greater extent, and then the opening of the air inlet window 4 and the air outlet 24 is correspondingly increased, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the air circulation per unit time, and then quickly cool down the inside of the motor to avoid overheating of the motor.

When the load of the motor is reduced in working state, the heat generation is reduced. After the temperature in the cavity is reduced, the heat-conducting gas in the heat-conducting tube 28 contracts. Under the restoring force of the spring three 26, the slide plate 27 moves down and the oil is extracted from the slide tube 29 through the connecting pipe 37, thereby reducing the hydraulic pressure in the slide tube 29, and the piston plate 30 drives the transmission roller column 34 to move left in Figure 2 through the push-pull rod two 31, thereby reducing the transmission ratio of the tapered roller two 32 to the tapered roller one 36, thereby reducing the rotation speed of the shaft 25 and the impeller 7, and then reducing the air conveying capacity of the impeller 7, so as to achieve the purpose of correspondingly reducing the heat dissipation power consumption, and after the rotation speed of the shaft 25 is reduced, the rotation speed of the counterweight rod 12 driven by it is also reduced, thereby reducing the centrifugal force of the counterweight rod 12, and then under the restoring force of the spring one 6 The ring plate 1 38 and the ring plate 3 41 are moved away from each other, so that the opening degree of the baffle 3 and the plunger 5 becomes smaller, and then the opening of the air inlet window 4 and the air outlet 24 is reduced accordingly, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the heat dissipation effect according to the working state of the motor, and filter the debris in the air during the heat dissipation to prevent it from entering the interior of the motor and causing damage to the motor. When the motor stops working, the output shaft stops rotating, so that the rotating shaft 25 stops rotating, and then the centrifugal force of the counterweight rod 12 is zero, and under the action of the restoring force of the spring 1 6, the ring plate 1 38 and the ring plate 3 41 are reset, so that the baffle 3 blocks the air inlet window 4, and the plunger 5 blocks the air outlet 24, so as to prevent debris or flying insects from entering the interior of the motor through the air inlet window 4 and the air outlet 24 when the motor is stopped.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims (8)

1. A motor with dust-proof cooling function for aircraft, comprising a housing (13) and a stator-rotor assembly inside the housing (13), characterized in that: a plurality of cavities for airflow are arranged inside the housing (13), an air inlet window (4) corresponding to and communicating with the cavities is provided at one end of a side wall of the housing (13) close to an output shaft, and a filter (17) is fixed on the air inlet window (4) for preventing dust and debris from entering the housing (13), and an air outlet (24) corresponding to and communicating with the cavities is provided at the bottom of the housing (13); A protective cover (21) is fixed to one end of the output shaft on the casing (13), a heat dissipation mechanism for cooling the stator and rotor assembly is arranged in the cavity, the heat dissipation mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (25) arranged in the cavity, an impeller (7) is coaxially fixed to the middle of the rotating shaft (25), an opening and closing mechanism is arranged on the rotating shaft (25), the upper end of the rotating shaft (25) passes through the end wall of the casing (13) and is located in the protective cover (21), and the protective cover (21) is provided with a heat dissipation mechanism. A shaft frame (35) corresponding to the cavity is provided, and the shaft frame (35) is fixed on the end wall of the housing (13); a shaft rod (1) and a shaft rod (33) are rotatably connected to the shaft frame (35); the shaft rod (1) and the shaft rod (33) are arranged parallel to each other; a conical roller (36) is coaxially fixedly connected to the shaft rod (1); a conical roller (32) is coaxially fixedly connected to the shaft rod (33); the conical roller (36) and the conical roller (32) are coaxially fixedly connected to the shaft rod (33); The shaft (32) is connected to each other through a transmission roller (34); a gear (22) is coaxially fixed on the shaft (33), and the gear (22) is meshingly connected with the gear (23); the gear (23) is coaxially fixed on the output shaft; the shaft (1) is connected to the rotating shaft (25) through a bevel gear set (2); a slide cylinder (29) is fixed on the shaft frame (35), and a piston plate (30) is slidably connected inside the slide cylinder (29); A push-pull rod 2 (31) is fixed on the piston plate (30), and the driving roller (34) is rotatably connected to the end of the push-pull rod 2 (31) away from the piston plate (30). A heat-conducting tube (28) is fixed in the cavity, and the heat-conducting tube (28) is connected to the sliding tube (29) through a connecting tube (37). A slide plate (27) is slidably connected in the heat-conducting tube (28), and the slide plate (27) is connected to the end of the heat-conducting tube (28) through a spring 3 (26). 2. A motor with anti-sand and dust cooling function for aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the rotating shaft (25) is fixedly rotatably connected to the cross brace (11), and the two ends of the cross brace (11) are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the casing (13) and the outer wall of the stator-rotor assembly. 3. A motor with dust-proof cooling function for aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: a sealing sleeve (18) is passed through and fixedly connected to the middle of the protective cover (21), and the sealing sleeve (18) is sleeved on the output shaft, and an annular groove (45) is formed on the end surface of the sealing sleeve (18) facing the outer side of the protective cover (21), a sleeve cap (46) is sleeved on the output shaft and coaxially fixedly connected, and the sleeve cap (46) is adapted to be inserted in the annular groove (45) and can rotate in the annular groove (45), a pump wheel (19) corresponding to the rotating shaft (25) is fixed on the outer side of the protective cover (21), and the upper end of the rotating shaft (25) passes through the side wall of the protective cover (21) and is coaxially fixedly connected to the impeller shaft in the corresponding pump wheel (19), and an air pipe (20) is fixed on and communicated with the outer peripheral wall of the pump wheel (19), and one end of the air pipe (20) is communicated with the side wall of the annular groove (45). 4. The motor with anti-sand and dust cooling function for aircraft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the heat-conducting cylinder (28) is filled with heat-conducting gas on the side of the slide plate (27) facing the cavity, and the heat-conducting cylinder (28) is filled with oil on the other side of the slide plate (27), and the oil can enter the slide cylinder (29) through the connecting pipe (37). 5. A motor with dust prevention and cooling function for aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the opening and closing mechanism comprises a ring plate one (38) and a ring plate three (41) which are sleeved and slidably connected to the rotating shaft (25), the ring plate one (38) and the ring plate three (41) are located on the upper and lower sides of the impeller (7), and the ring plate one (38) is connected to the impeller (7) through a spring one (6), a plurality of counterweight rods (12) are arranged between the ring plate one (38) and the ring plate three (41), and the plurality of counterweight rods (12) are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft (25), the upper end of the counterweight rod (12) is hinged to the bottom surface of the ring plate one (38) through a connecting rod one (15), the lower end of the counterweight rod (12) is hinged to the upper surface of the ring plate three (41) through a connecting rod three (40), and a spoiler (14) is fixed to the counterweight rod (12). 6. A motor with dust prevention and cooling function for aircraft according to claim 5, characterized in that: a baffle (3) for blocking the air inlet window (4) is arranged in the cavity, the upper end of the baffle (3) is hinged to the inner wall of the casing (13) at a position above the air inlet window (4), the lower end of the baffle (3) is hinged to the second ring plate (39) through the second connecting rod (16), the second ring plate (39) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (25), and the second ring plate (39) is rotatably connected to the first ring plate (38) in a fixed axis. 7. A motor with anti-dust cooling function for aircraft according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross section of the air outlet (24) is T-shaped, and a plunger (5) is arranged in the cavity, the plunger (5) is located below the cross brace (11), the cross section of the plunger (5) is adapted to the air outlet (24), and is used to block the air outlet (24). 8. A motor with anti-dust cooling function for aircraft according to claim 7, characterized in that: the bottom surface of the ring plate three (41) is rotatably connected to the ring plate four (42), the ring plate four (42) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (25), a push-pull rod one (8) is fixed on the bottom surface of the ring plate four (42), the push-pull rod one (8) is protruding and slidably connected to the cross brace (11), and the push-pull rod one (8) and the rotating shaft (25) are arranged parallel to each other, the lower end of the push-pull rod one (8) is fixedly connected to the plunger (5), a guide slide bar (9) is fixed between the bottom surface of the cross brace (11) and the stepped surface of the air outlet (24), and the guide slide bar (9) and the push-pull rod one (8) are arranged parallel to each other, and the plunger (5) is connected to the cross brace (11) through a spring two (10).