CN118850783A - A loading and unloading device for freight train - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a loading and unloading equipment for freight trains, belonging to the technical field of transportation devices. A loading and unloading equipment for freight trains, including a coal unloader body and a conveyor belt for conveying materials, a discharging shell, arranged at the conveying end of the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is provided with an adjustment mechanism for driving the discharging shell to move in the vertical direction, a dividing plate is arranged in the discharging shell, a support rod parallel to the wide side direction of the discharging shell is penetrated on the dividing plate, a partition and a V-shaped plate are rotatably connected at both ends of the support rod, the bottom of the partition is arranged through the middle part of the V-shaped plate, and support springs are fixedly connected between the two sides of the bottom of the partition and the two plates of the V-shaped plate, and the two sides of the dividing plate are fixedly connected with limit rods capable of limiting the rotation angle of the V-shaped plate. The present invention has the effect of improving the uniformity of material dispersion.

Description

A loading and unloading device for freight train

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transport devices, and in particular to loading and unloading equipment for freight trains.

Background Art

Freight train loading and unloading equipment refers to equipment used to load and unload goods, which is used to facilitate the loading and unloading operations of freight trains. In the process of freight train transportation and loading and unloading materials, conveyors are used to transport materials over long distances and lift them to high places. Commonly used conveyors are divided into screw conveyor type and belt conveyor type. Among them, belt conveyor type conveyors are widely used due to their simple structure, easy manufacturing, low production cost, and stable conveying performance.

During the transportation of some bulk materials such as coal powder, the materials are first transported to the conveyor belt, and then transported to a designated location via the conveyor belt, or transported to a truck for transportation. Referring to the Chinese patent document with the authorization announcement number CN116715055B, a material transportation device is disclosed, including a support frame, a mounting frame, and a conveyor belt for transporting materials. The upper surface of the conveyor belt is sunken in a V shape. The patent can improve the cleaning effect of the conveyor belt by scraping the materials adhering to the conveyor belt, but when the materials fall, the materials will be more dispersed due to inertia.

With regard to the above-mentioned related technologies, in the process of using a conveyor belt to transport materials, when the materials fall from the conveyor belt, due to the certain inertia of the materials driven by the conveyor belt, the materials will be thrown out at the end of the conveyor belt, resulting in the materials being concentrated on one side of the carriage. As the materials pile up higher and higher, the materials will form a peak shape in the carriage, causing the center of gravity of the vehicle to shift, posing a safety hazard. The existing method of manually climbing onto the roof to scrape the materials flat is not conducive to improving efficiency.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a loading and unloading device for a freight train, aiming to solve the problem of uneven dispersion of materials after falling.

To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a loading and unloading equipment for a freight train, including a coal unloader body and a conveyor belt for conveying materials, and also includes: a discharge shell, which is arranged at the conveying end of the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt is provided with an adjusting mechanism for driving the discharge shell to move in a vertical direction, and a dividing plate is arranged in the discharge shell, and a support rod parallel to the wide side direction of the discharge shell is penetrated through the dividing plate, and both ends of the support rod are rotatably connected with a partition and a V-shaped plate, and the bottom of the partition is arranged through the middle part of the V-shaped plate, and support springs are fixedly connected between the two sides of the bottom of the partition and the two plates of the V-shaped plate, and both sides of the dividing plate are fixedly connected with limit rods that can limit the rotation angle of the V-shaped plate.

By adopting the above technical scheme, when the material falls from the conveyor belt, the setting of the dividing plate can disperse the falling material in the wide side direction of the discharge shell, thereby improving the uniformity of the material falling. When the material falls on the V-shaped plate, it can drive the V-shaped plate and the partition to rotate. When the partition rotates, it can change the amount of material falling from both sides of the partition, so that the falling material is dispersed more evenly in the long side direction of the discharge shell, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the material falling into the car.

Optionally, a screw slider mechanism is provided at the bottom of the discharging shell, the screw of the screw slider mechanism is parallel to the wide side direction of the discharging shell, the slider of the screw slider mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dividing plate, the inner wall of the discharging shell is fixedly connected to a connecting rod parallel to the long side direction of the discharging shell, and the dividing plate is provided with a sliding groove for the connecting rod to slide.

By adopting the above technical scheme, when the slider of the screw slider mechanism drives the bottom of the dividing plate to move, the setting of the connecting rod and the slide groove can make the dividing plate swing in the discharge shell when moving, and the bottom of the dividing plate remains horizontal when the dividing plate swings, so that the top of the material can be flattened, and the swing of the dividing plate can disperse and guide the falling material in the wide side direction of the discharge shell, further improving the uniformity of material dispersion.

Optionally, the partition plate and the V-shaped plate abut against the side wall of the dividing plate.

By adopting the above technical scheme, when the material drives the partition and the V-shaped plate to rotate, the partition and the V-shaped plate can clean the material adhering to the dividing plate to facilitate the falling of the material, reduce the probability of the material adhering to the side wall of the dividing plate and affecting the falling of the material, and help to improve the uniformity of material dispersion.

Optionally, a connecting plate is hinged on the top of the V-shaped plate, and a top block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the dividing plate, so that the top block can lift up the connecting plate when the V-shaped plate rotates.

By adopting the above technical solution, as the V-shaped plate rotates, when the V-shaped plate rotates to the position of the top block, the setting of the top block can cooperate with the limit rod to limit the rotation of the V-shaped plate. When the top block lifts the connecting plate, the material remaining or adhering on the connecting plate can fall down, and the V-shaped plate can be cleaned so that the material can fall into the car along the V-shaped plate, while improving the cleanliness of the device.

Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes a linear driver fixedly mounted on the side wall of the conveyor belt, the driving shaft of the linear driver is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged push rod, a rotating rod is hinged on the push rod, an end of the rotating rod away from the push rod is hinged to a movable plate fixedly connected to the discharge shell, a rotating shaft is penetrated at the connection between the movable plate and the rotating rod, and a sliding groove for sliding the rotating shaft is vertically opened on the conveyor belt.

By adopting the above technical solution, the linear drive can drive the discharge shell to move in the vertical direction. When the material is transported, the discharge shell is adjusted so that the discharge shell falls onto the carriage, thereby being suitable for vehicles of different heights and reducing the probability of material spilling when falling onto the carriage, so as to better receive the material.

Optionally, a driving roller is rotatably arranged on the conveyor belt near the bottom of the discharge shell, and cleaning wheels are abutted on both sides of the driving roller.

By adopting the above technical solution, when materials stick to the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt can be cleaned by setting a sweeping wheel, thereby improving the cleanliness of the conveyor belt surface and reducing the probability of materials falling to the outside of the conveyor belt, thereby facilitating the transportation of materials.

Optionally, a discharge pipe fixedly connected to the discharge shell is provided below the cleaning wheel.

By adopting the above technical solution, the materials swept off the conveyor belt by the sweeping wheel can fall into the carriage again through the drop pipe, which is beneficial to energy saving. At the same time, the swept materials fall to the side close to the conveyor belt. Since the materials fall farther away due to inertia, the uniformity of material dispersion can be improved under the action of the swept materials.

Optionally, a rubber roller is rotatably provided at the bottom end of the discharge shell.

By adopting the above technical solution, the provision of the rubber roller is beneficial to protecting the discharge shell and the carriage, and at the same time facilitates the movement of the discharge shell when changing the discharge position.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. When the material falls from the conveyor belt, the movement of the material distribution plate can disperse and guide the material in one direction, thereby improving the uniformity of the material falling. When the material falls on the V-shaped plate, it can drive the V-shaped plate and the partition to rotate. When the partition rotates, it can change the amount of material falling from both sides of the partition, so that the material is dispersed more evenly in the other direction, which is conducive to improving the uniformity of the material falling into the carriage;

2. When the slider of the screw slider mechanism drives the bottom of the dividing plate to move, the connecting rod and the slide groove can make the dividing plate swing in the discharge housing when it moves, so as to flatten the top of the material and further improve the uniformity of material dispersion;

3. When the material drives the partition plate and the V-shaped plate to rotate, the partition plate and the V-shaped plate can clean the material adhering to the material distribution plate to facilitate the falling of the material, reduce the probability of the material adhering to the side wall of the material distribution plate and affecting the falling of the material, and help improve the uniformity of material dispersion. When the V-shaped plate rotates to the top block position, the setting of the top block can cooperate with the limit rod to limit the rotation of the V-shaped plate. When the top block lifts the connecting plate, the residual or adhering material on the connecting plate can fall down, and the V-shaped plate can be cleaned to facilitate the material to fall into the car along the V-shaped plate, while improving the cleanliness of the device;

4. The materials swept off the conveyor belt by the sweeping wheel can fall into the carriage again through the drop pipe, which is beneficial to energy saving. At the same time, the swept materials fall to the side close to the conveyor belt. Because the materials fall farther away due to inertia, the uniformity of material dispersion can be improved under the action of the swept materials.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a discharge housing and a material distribution plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting rod and a slide groove according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a partial enlarged view of area A in FIG1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving roller and the cleaning wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Coal unloader body; 11. Conveyor belt; 2. Discharging shell; 21. Support rod; 22. Screw slider mechanism; 3. Adjustment mechanism; 31. Linear drive; 32. Push rod; 33. Rotating rod; 34. Moving plate; 35. Rotating shaft; 36. Sliding groove; 4. Dividing plate; 41. Partition plate; 42. V-shaped plate; 43. Support spring; 44. Limiting rod; 5. Connecting rod; 51. Slide groove; 6. Connecting plate; 61. Top block; 7. Driving roller; 72. Cleaning wheel; 8. Dropping pipe; 9. Rubber roller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with Figures 1 to 5 of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a loading and unloading equipment for a freight train includes a coal unloader body 1 and a conveyor belt 11. The coal unloader body 1 can move materials to the conveyor belt 11, and then the conveyor belt 11 transports the materials to a designated position. This is a technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein. A discharging shell 2 is provided at the end of the conveyor belt 11, and a plurality of rubber rollers 9 are rotatably provided at the bottom of the discharging shell 2. The materials transported by the conveyor belt 11 fall from the discharging shell 2. An adjusting mechanism 3 for driving the discharging shell 2 to move in a vertical direction is provided on one side of the conveyor belt 11 close to the discharging shell 2. A dividing plate 4 is vertically provided in the discharging shell 2, and a lead screw slider mechanism 22 is provided at the bottom of the discharging shell 2. The lead screw slider mechanism 22 includes a rotation source, a screw and a slider, and the rotation source is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the discharging shell 2 The rotation source can be a device that can realize rotation of the driving shaft such as a motor or a rotating cylinder. The screw is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the discharge shell 2 and the screw is horizontally arranged and parallel to the wide side direction of the discharge shell 2. The slider is threadedly connected to the screw and the slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dividing plate 4. The rotation source can drive the screw to rotate through a belt drive. A support rod 21 parallel to the wide side direction of the discharge shell 2 is provided on the dividing plate 4. Both ends of the support rod 21 are rotatably connected with a partition 41 and a V-shaped plate 42. The partition 41 and the V-shaped plate 42 are abutted against the side walls of the dividing plate 4 and the bottom of the partition 41 is arranged through the middle part of the V-shaped plate 42. Support springs 43 are fixedly connected between the two plates of the V-shaped plate 42 on both sides of the bottom of the partition 41, and limit rods 44 for limiting the rotation angle of the V-shaped plate 42 are fixedly connected on both sides of the dividing plate 4.

When it is necessary to load and unload materials, the materials are first moved to the conveyor belt 11 through the coal unloader body 1, and then the conveyor belt 11 transports the materials to move and fall through the discharge shell 2. The dividing plate 4 can be moved through the screw slider mechanism, so that the materials are dispersed and dropped laterally, reducing the probability of excessive accumulation in the middle of the materials. At the same time, the materials are thrown out due to inertia, causing most of the materials to fall to the side away from the conveyor belt 11. At this time, through the setting of the partition 41 and the V-shaped plate 42, when the materials fall on the V-shaped plate 42, the V-shaped plate 42 will be driven to rotate, thereby adjusting the longitudinal drop of the materials, increasing the probability of the materials falling to the side close to the conveyor belt 11, and making the materials evenly dispersed. At the same time, under the action of the support spring 43, the partition 41 can be rotated, thereby adjusting the location where the materials fall longitudinally again, thereby improving the uniformity of material dispersion.

Referring to Fig. 3, a connecting rod 5 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the discharge housing 2, and a slide groove 51 is provided on the material distribution plate 4 for the connecting rod 5 to slide. When the slider of the screw slider mechanism drives the bottom of the material distribution plate 4 to move, the connecting rod 5 and the slide groove 51 can make the material distribution plate 4 swing in the discharge housing 2 when moving, so that the top of the material can be flattened, further improving the uniformity of material dispersion.

1 and 4 , the adjustment mechanism 3 includes a linear drive 31, a push rod 32, a rotating rod 33, a movable plate 34, a rotating shaft 35 and a sliding groove 36. The push rod 32 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft of the linear drive 31, and the push rod 32 is horizontally arranged. The rotating rod 33 is hinged to the top of the push rod 32. The movable plate 34 is hinged to one end of the rotating rod 33 away from the push rod 32, and the movable plate 34 is fixedly connected to the discharge shell 2. The rotating shaft 35 is arranged through the hinge between the movable plate 34 and the rotating rod 33. The sliding groove 36 is opened on the side wall of the conveyor belt 11 and the sliding groove 36 is for the rotating shaft 35 to slide.

When it is necessary to adjust the height of the discharge shell 2, first start the linear drive 31 to drive the push rod 32 to move. The push rod 32 rotates the rotating rod 33 during the movement, and drives the movable plate 34 to move up and down under the restriction of the rotating shaft 35. When the material is transported, the discharge shell 2 is adjusted to facilitate the discharge shell 2 to fall onto the carriage, so that it can be suitable for vehicles of different heights, reducing the probability of material spilling when falling into the carriage, so as to better receive the material.

2 and 5, a driving roller 7 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the conveyor belt 11, and the driving roller 7 abuts against the conveyor belt 11, cleaning wheels 72 abut against both sides of the driving roller 7, and the cleaning wheels 72 abut against the conveyor belt 11, and a drop pipe 8 fixedly connected to the discharge housing 2 is arranged below the cleaning wheel 72. When the material adheres to the conveyor belt 11, the conveyor belt 11 can be cleaned by the setting of the cleaning wheel 72, and the surface cleanliness of the conveyor belt 11 is improved while reducing the probability of the material falling outside the conveyor belt 11, which is beneficial to the transportation of the material. The material swept from the conveyor belt 11 by the cleaning wheel 72 can fall into the carriage again through the drop pipe 8, which is beneficial to energy saving. At the same time, the swept material falls to the side close to the conveyor belt 11. Since the material falls farther under the action of inertia, the uniformity of material dispersion can be improved under the action of the swept material.

The implementation principle of a loading and unloading device for a freight train in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: first, the coal unloader body 1 is driven to move to the working location, and then the linear drive 31 is started to drive the discharge shell 2 to move down and fall onto the carriage. The coal unloader body 1 moves the material to the conveyor belt 11, and then the conveyor belt 11 conveys the material and drops it from the discharge shell 2, and the rotation source is started to swing the dividing plate 4 to disperse the falling material in the horizontal direction. The falling material is adjusted by the partition 41 and the V-shaped plate 42 to disperse the material in the longitudinal direction. The partition 41 and the V-shaped plate 42 rotate to clean the dividing plate 4, and the V-shaped plate 42 rotates to the top block 61 to lift the connecting plate 6 to clean the V-shaped plate 42. The conveyor belt 11 rotates to drive the driving roller 7 to rotate, and the driving roller 7 rotates to drive the cleaning wheel 72 to clean the conveyor belt 11, and the cleaned material falls into the carriage through the drop pipe 8 and the discharge shell 2.

In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A loading and unloading device for a freight train, comprising a coal unloader body (1) and a conveyor belt (11) for conveying materials, characterized in that it also comprises: A discharge shell (2) is arranged at the conveying end of the conveyor belt (11), and an adjustment mechanism (3) is arranged on the conveyor belt (11) for driving the discharge shell (2) to move in the vertical direction. A dividing plate (4) is arranged inside the discharge shell (2), and a support rod (21) is penetrated through the dividing plate (4) and is parallel to the wide side direction of the discharge shell (2). Both ends of the support rod (21) are rotatably connected to a partition (41) and a V-shaped plate (42), and the bottom of the partition (41) passes through the middle of the V-shaped plate (42). Support springs (43) are fixedly connected between the two sides of the bottom of the partition (41) and the two plates of the V-shaped plate (42), and both sides of the dividing plate (4) are fixedly connected to limit rods (44) capable of limiting the rotation angle of the V-shaped plate (42). 2. A loading and unloading equipment for a freight train according to claim 1, characterized in that: a screw slider mechanism (22) is arranged at the bottom of the discharge shell (2), the screw of the screw slider mechanism (22) is parallel to the wide side direction of the discharge shell (2), the slider of the screw slider mechanism (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dividing plate (4), the inner wall of the discharge shell (2) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod (5) parallel to the long side direction of the discharge shell (2), and the dividing plate (4) is provided with a sliding groove (51) for the connecting rod (5) to slide. 3. A freight train loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the partition plate (41) and the V-shaped plate (42) are in contact with the side wall of the dividing plate (4). 4. A freight train loading and unloading equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: a connecting plate (6) is hinged on the top of the V-shaped plate (42), and a top block (61) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the dividing plate (4), and the top block (61) can lift the connecting plate (6) when the V-shaped plate (42) rotates. 5. A freight train loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjustment mechanism (3) includes a linear actuator (31) fixedly mounted on the side wall of the conveyor belt (11), the driving shaft of the linear actuator (31) is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged push rod (32), a rotating rod (33) is hinged on the push rod (32), and an end of the rotating rod (33) away from the push rod (32) is hinged to a movable plate (34) fixedly connected to the discharge shell (2), a rotating shaft (35) is penetrated at the connection between the movable plate (34) and the rotating rod (33), and a sliding groove (36) for the rotating shaft (35) to slide is vertically opened on the conveyor belt (11). 6. A freight train loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a driving roller (7) is rotatably provided on the conveyor belt (11) near the bottom of the discharge shell (2), and cleaning wheels (72) are abutted on both sides of the driving roller (7). 7. A freight train loading and unloading device according to claim 6, characterized in that a material discharge pipe (8) fixedly connected to the discharge housing (2) is provided below the cleaning wheel (72). 8. The loading and unloading equipment for freight trains according to claim 1, characterized in that a rubber roller (9) is rotatably provided at the bottom end of the discharge housing (2).