CN118815359A - A geological drilling equipment for highway survey - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of road section survey, specifically, a geological drilling device for highway survey, including a main rotating cylinder, the main rotating cylinder includes a special long cylindrical shell, the outer surface of the special long cylindrical shell is evenly provided with raised metal plates, the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell is evenly provided with through-holes, and the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell is evenly provided with sampling components through the through-holes, and the bottom end of the special long cylindrical shell is provided with a drill bit component. When the device is drilling, soil will not enter the interior of the detection end during the expansion operation, and the detection end will be mixed with soil of different heights when not sampling, resulting in distortion of the sample. The inner cavity of the protective shell has a drainage groove, and the drainage component on the top can directly ventilate or water all the protective shells to clean them, remove the soil on the inner wall of the protective shell and the outer surface of the conical sampling tube, and cool the conical sampling tube that is overheated by friction.

Description

A geological drilling equipment for highway survey

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of road section survey, in particular to a geological drilling device for highway survey.

Background Art

Geological exploration technology is a survey and research activity that uses various means and methods to survey and detect geology, determine the appropriate bearing layer, determine the foundation type based on the bearing capacity of the bearing layer, and calculate the foundation parameters. When building rural roads, it is necessary to survey the geology and sample the soil, and it is necessary to collect soil at a certain depth to facilitate subsequent construction.

A drilling device for highway geological survey with publication number CN219842169U is disclosed. The highway is drilled by a sampling tube driven by a drilling machine. When the sampling tube is fully inserted into the underground of the highway, the sampling probe inside the sampling tube is moved toward the inner wall of the borehole, and the geology is sampled through multiple collection holes on the surface, thereby preventing mixing during recovery and ensuring sampling accuracy. However, when this sampling equipment is actually working, the hydraulic pressure can only act on the inside of the sampling tube of the main body to cool down the non-working sampling tube, resulting in each working sampling probe being unable to actually perform effective cooling and heat dissipation work, and then the sampling probe is prone to overheating, deformation, or even damage, so improvement is needed.

Summary of the invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a geological drilling equipment for highway survey, including a main rotating drum, the main rotating drum includes a special long cylindrical shell, the outer surface of the special long cylindrical shell is evenly provided with convex metal plates, the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell is evenly opened with through sockets, and the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell is evenly provided with sampling components through the through sockets, the bottom end of the special long cylindrical shell is provided with a drill bit component, and the top of the special long cylindrical shell is provided with a drainage component. The shape of the special long cylindrical shell is shown in FIG3, and the convex metal plate at the outer edge position is mainly used for direct excavation work, and the sampling components are evenly provided at the groove part;

The sampling component comprises an axial guide shell, the inner cavity of the axial guide shell is evenly provided with segmented wires, the outer surface of the axial guide shell is evenly plugged with detection ends, and the sampling component takes soil samples through each independent detection end;

The detection end includes a protective shell, and a drainage groove is provided on a side of the inner cavity of the protective shell close to the axis guide shell. The protective shell is directly connected to the interior of the special long cylindrical shell through the drainage groove. A propeller is fixedly connected to the side of the inner wall of the protective shell close to the axis guide shell, and a sliding motor is fixedly connected to the end of the propeller away from the axis guide shell. A conical sampling barrel is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the output shaft of the sliding motor, and a filling pressure plate is fixedly connected to the side of the inner wall of the conical sampling barrel close to the sliding motor. Light-shielding detectors are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the outer surface of the propeller, and a photosensitive chip is arranged at the end of the light-shielding detector, which can control the propeller to work according to changes in light.

Furthermore, the outer surface of the protective shell extends to the outside of the special long cylindrical shell through the through-socket, and the side of the protective shell close to the axis guide shell is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the special long cylindrical shell, and the axis of the thruster inner cavity is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the segmented wire. The outer surface of the light shielding detector is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell, and both sides of the outer surface of the sliding motor are slidably connected to the inner wall of the protective shell through the guide groove, and the outer surface of the axis guide shell is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the special long cylindrical shell.

Furthermore, the drainage component includes an external fixed cylinder, a torque rotor is fixedly connected to the axis of the inner cavity of the external fixed cylinder, the inner cavity of the external fixed cylinder is evenly provided with drainage pipes through a vertical socket, the bottom end of the torque rotor shaft is fixedly connected to the torque shaft, the outer surface of the torque shaft is sleeved with a buffer turntable, the buffer turntable is hollow inside, and is divided into an upper and lower section structure, the upper disk shell is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the external fixed cylinder, the lower disk shell is fixedly connected to the top end of the special long cylindrical shell, and the upper and lower disk shells are combined together through the elastic connection part in the middle, so they can perform relative rotation and relative vertical sliding movement.

Furthermore, the lower surface of the buffer turntable is fixedly connected to the axis of the top of the special long cylindrical shell, and the bottom end of the drainage pipe is connected to the inside of the special long cylindrical shell through the through hole, the bottom end of the drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the buffer turntable, and the upper surface of the buffer turntable is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the external fixed cylinder. The bottom end of the torque shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the buffer turntable, the number of the drainage pipes is four, the outer surface of the drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the external fixed cylinder, and the top end of the drainage pipe extends to the outside of the external fixed cylinder.

Furthermore, the drill bit component includes an external drill bit, an adaptor sleeve is fixedly connected to the axis of the upper surface of the external drill bit, a through-connecting rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the adaptor sleeve, a compression sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the through-connecting rod, a fixed top cover is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the through-connecting rod, a pressure-sensitive inner disk is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the fixed top cover, and docking spring tubes are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the pressure-sensitive inner disk.

Furthermore, the outer surface of the fixed top cover is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the special long cylindrical shell, the bottom end of the axis guide shell is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed top cover through an insulating groove, and the outer surface of the adapter plug is fixedly connected to the axis of the bottom end of the special long cylindrical shell through a slot. The bottom end of the through-link rod is slidably connected to the axis of the inner wall of the adapter plug through a compression spring, the outer surface of the docking spring cylinder extends to the outside of the fixed top cover through a through-hole, and the upper surface of the compression sleeve and the bottom end of the docking spring cylinder are pressed against each other.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. When the device is drilling, due to the groove structure of the special long cylindrical shell, the raised metal plate of the actual expansion is closer to the inner wall of the hole than the detection end, and a certain space is reserved for the detection end. Therefore, soil will not enter the interior of the detection end during the expansion work, and the detection end will not be mixed with soil of different heights when it is not sampling, resulting in distortion of the sample. In addition, the inner cavity of the protective shell has its own drainage groove, and the drainage component on the top can be used to directly ventilate or water all the protective shells to remove the soil on the inner wall of the protective shell and the outer surface of the conical sampling tube, and cool the conical sampling tube that is overheated by friction.

2. The device can sample the inner wall of the inserted hole through several groups of detection ends arranged inside the sampling component. Since each layer of detection ends is spaced a certain distance apart, the samples obtained inside the conical sampling tube will also vary due to the depth of the hole, thereby more accurately detecting the data parameters of the soil inside the hole and realizing geological survey work. At the same time, the conical sampling tube is inserted into the inner wall of the hole in a horizontal manner, and the sample entering the conical sampling tube is difficult to spill out through the small opening, so the sample content is relatively sufficient.

3. When the device is drilling, the special long cylinder shell is expanded toward the inside of the hole by clamping the external fixing cylinder and pushing it downward. Since the soil contains more hard impurities such as stones, the special long cylinder shell will vibrate due to the reaction force of friction during drilling, which interferes with the stable operation of the torque rotor. Therefore, the buffer turntable is improved, and the reaction force is absorbed by the disk shell that can slide at the bottom to ensure that the torque rotor can rotate stably, and to ensure that the external equipment clamps the external fixing cylinder more stably, to prevent the device from offsetting during expansion work.

4. When the special long cylindrical shell rotates, it drills holes through the external drill bit at the bottom. When the bottom end of the external drill bit encounters a harder structure such as a stone and cannot continue to advance, the special long cylindrical shell is still sliding downward. At this time, the adapter plug will slide upward relative to the special long cylindrical shell, and the pressure-sensitive inner disk will start due to the increase in the extrusion force, and then the drilling work will be terminated in time before the special long cylindrical shell can no longer move downward to prevent the device from being damaged due to strong friction.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a specially made long cylindrical shell of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling component of the present invention;

FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of the detection tip of the present invention;

FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of the drainage component of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a drill head component of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Main rotating cylinder; 11. Special long cylindrical shell; 12. Raised metal plate; 13. Through-hole; 14. Drill bit component; 2. Sampling component; 21. Axial guide shell; 22. Segmented wire; 4. Detection end; 41. Protective shell; 42. Drainage groove; 43. Propeller; 44. Light-shielding detector; 45. Sliding motor; 46. Conical sampling cylinder; 47. Filling pressure plate; 3. Drainage component; 31. External fixed cylinder; 32. Drainage flow pipe; 33. Buffer turntable; 34. Torque rotor; 35. Torque shaft; 141. External drill bit; 142. Adapter plug-in cylinder; 143. Through-hole connecting rod; 144. Compression sleeve; 145. Fixed top cover; 146. Pressure-sensitive inner disk; 147. Docking spring cylinder.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Embodiment 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 5. The present invention provides a technical solution: a geological drilling equipment for highway survey, including a main rotating drum 1, the main rotating drum 1 includes a special long cylindrical shell 11, the outer surface of the special long cylindrical shell 11 is evenly provided with a convex metal plate 12, the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell 11 is evenly opened with a through socket 13, and the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell 11 is evenly provided with a sampling component 2 through the through socket 13, the bottom end of the special long cylindrical shell 11 is provided with a drill bit component 14, and the top of the special long cylindrical shell 11 is provided with a drainage component 3. The shape of the special long cylindrical shell 11 is shown in Figure 3, and the convex metal plate 12 at the edge position of the outer portion thereof is mainly used for direct excavation work, and the sampling component 2 is evenly provided at the groove portion;

The sampling component 2 includes an axial guide shell 21, the inner cavity of the axial guide shell 21 is evenly provided with segmented wires 22, and the outer surface of the axial guide shell 21 is evenly plugged with detection terminals 4. The sampling component 2 takes soil samples through each independent detection terminal 4;

The detection end 4 includes a protective shell 41, and a drainage groove 42 is opened on the side of the inner cavity of the protective shell 41 close to the axis guide shell 21. The protective shell 41 is directly connected to the interior of the special long cylindrical shell 11 through the drainage groove 42. A propeller 43 is fixedly connected to the side of the inner wall of the protective shell 41 close to the axis guide shell 21, and a sliding motor 45 is fixedly connected to the end of the propeller 43 away from the axis guide shell 21. A conical sampling tube 46 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the output shaft of the sliding motor 45, and a filling pressure plate 47 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conical sampling tube 46 close to the side of the sliding motor 45. Light-shielding detectors 44 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the outer surface of the propeller 43, and a photosensitive chip is arranged at the end of the light-shielding detector 44, which can control the propeller 43 to work according to changes in light.

The outer surface of the protective shell 41 extends to the outside of the special long cylindrical shell 11 through the through-hole 13, and the side of the protective shell 41 close to the axis guide shell 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the special long cylindrical shell 11, and the axis of the inner cavity of the thruster 43 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the segmented wire 22. The outer surface of the light shielding detector 44 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell 11, and both sides of the outer surface of the sliding motor 45 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 41 through the guide groove, and the outer surface of the axis guide shell 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the special long cylindrical shell 11.

The device is used for highway geological survey. After selecting the drilling point, the drainage component 3 on the top is controlled by the relevant power component, and then the drainage component 3 twists the special long cylindrical shell 11. The drill bit component 14 at the bottom of the special long cylindrical shell 11 is used to expand the hole first, and then the special long cylindrical shell 11 is pressed down, and the raised metal plate 12 on the outer surface of the special long cylindrical shell 11 that rotates at high speed is used to perform drilling.

When the special long cylindrical shell 11 is inserted into the hole, soil collection is carried out. At this time, the rotation of the special long cylindrical shell 11 is stopped. Due to the existence of the raised metal plate 12, the actual outer diameter of the special long cylindrical shell 11 becomes larger, so the raised metal plate 12 directly squeezes the inner wall of the hole. However, the detection end 4 located inside the through-hole 13 will maintain a certain distance from the inner wall of the hole due to the groove structure of the special long cylindrical shell 11. Therefore, the detection end 4 will never contact the inner wall of the hole during the expansion work.

The segmented conductor 22 inside the axial guide shell 21 is used to supply power to each detection terminal 4. When the device is inserted into the hole, the light-shielding detectors 44 located on the upper and lower sides of the protective shell 41 will be activated due to the light-shielding effect of the hole wall, thereby controlling the propeller 43 to work. The propeller 43 pushes the sliding motor 45 toward the outside of the protective shell 41 through a retractable push rod, and the sliding motor 45 slides while powering on and twisting the conical sampling tube 46, so that the conical sampling tube 46 drills samples from the inner wall of the hole and collects them inside. When the number of soil samples inside the conical sampling tube 46 is large enough, that is, the internal space of the conical sampling tube 46 is filled, the filling pressure plate 47 will be squeezed and then fed back to the sliding motor 45 and the propeller 43, thereby stopping the rotation of the sliding motor 45, and the sliding motor 45 and the conical sampling tube 46 are pulled back to the inside of the protective shell 41 by the propeller 43 to complete the sampling work.

The device after sampling is pulled out, the conical sampling tube 46 after internal sampling is taken out and its height is marked, and the geological survey work of the cave entrance can be completed.

Embodiment 2, please refer to Figures 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: on the basis of Embodiment 1, the drainage component 3 includes an external fixed cylinder 31, a torque rotor 34 is fixedly connected to the axis of the inner cavity of the external fixed cylinder 31, the inner cavity of the external fixed cylinder 31 is evenly provided with drainage pipes 32 through vertical sockets, the bottom end of the torque rotor 34 shaft is fixedly connected to the torque shaft 35, the outer surface of the torque shaft 35 is sleeved with a buffer turntable 33, the buffer turntable 33 is hollow inside, and is divided into an upper and lower section structure, the upper disk shell is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the external fixed cylinder 31, the lower disk shell is fixedly connected to the top part of the special long cylindrical shell 11, the upper and lower disk shells are combined together through the elastic connection part in the middle, so that relative rotation and relative vertical sliding movement can be performed.

The lower surface of the buffer turntable 33 is fixedly connected to the axis of the top of the special long cylindrical shell 11, and the bottom end of the drainage pipe 32 is connected to the inside of the special long cylindrical shell 11 through the through hole, the bottom end of the drainage pipe 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the buffer turntable 33, and the upper surface of the buffer turntable 33 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer fixed cylinder 31. The bottom end of the torque shaft 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the buffer turntable 33, the number of drainage pipes 32 is four, the outer surface of the drainage pipe 32 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the outer fixed cylinder 31, and the top end of the drainage pipe 32 extends to the outside of the outer fixed cylinder 31.

The drill bit component 14 includes an external drill bit 141, an adaptor sleeve 142 is fixedly connected to the axis center of the upper surface of the external drill bit 141, a through connecting rod 143 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the adaptor sleeve 142, a compression sleeve 144 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the through connecting rod 143, a fixed top cover 145 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the through connecting rod 143, a pressure-sensitive inner disk 146 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the fixed top cover 145, and docking spring tubes 147 are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the pressure-sensitive inner disk 146.

The outer surface of the fixed top cover 145 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the special long cylindrical shell 11, the bottom end of the axial guide shell 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed top cover 145 through the insulating groove, and the outer surface of the adapter plug 142 is fixedly connected to the axis of the bottom end of the special long cylindrical shell 11 through the slot. The bottom end of the through-link 143 is slidably connected to the axis of the inner wall of the adapter plug 142 through the compression spring, the outer surface of the docking spring cylinder 147 extends to the outside of the fixed top cover 145 through the through-hole, and the upper surface of the compression sleeve 144 and the bottom end of the docking spring cylinder 147 are pressed against each other.

When drilling, the torque rotor 34 at the axis of the external fixed tube 31 directly drives the bottom structure of the buffer turntable 33 and the special long cylindrical shell 11 to rotate at high speed through the torque shaft 35. When the drill bit component 14 encounters harder soil, the special long cylindrical shell 11 is prone to jumping during the drilling process. At this time, the buffer turntable 33 can be buffered by the spring at the connection to reduce the reaction force on the torque rotor 34, thereby ensuring that the torque rotor 34 can work stably. When sampling, the buffer turntable 33 is directly pressurized through the drainage pipe 32 at the top, and then the gas is diverted to the drainage groove 42 of the protective outer shell 41 through the special long cylindrical shell 11. At this time, the gas will be ejected from the drainage groove 42 to the outside of the protective outer shell 41, blowing away the soil attached to the outer surface of the conical sampling tube 46 and the soil brought to the inner wall of the protective outer shell 41.

When the special long cylindrical shell 11 rotates, it drills holes through the external drill bit 141 at the bottom. When the bottom end of the external drill bit 141 encounters a harder structure such as a stone and cannot continue to advance, the special long cylindrical shell 11 is still sliding down. At this time, the adapter plug 142 will slide up relative to the special long cylindrical shell 11, so that the through-connecting rod 143 is relatively inserted into the interior of the adapter plug 142, and then the compression sleeve 144 is squeezed, thereby pushing the docking spring tube 147 on the upper surface upward. After the docking spring tube 147 shrinks to the inside of the fixed top cover 145, the pressure-sensitive inner disk 146 will start due to the increase in the squeezing force, and then the drilling work will be terminated in time before the special long cylindrical shell 11 can no longer move downward.

Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims (9)

1. A geological drilling device for highway survey, comprising a main drum (1), characterized in that: The main rotating drum (1) comprises a special long cylindrical shell (11), the outer surface of the special long cylindrical shell (11) is evenly provided with a convex metal plate (12), the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell (11) is evenly provided with a through-hole (13), and the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell (11) is evenly provided with a sampling component (2) through the through-hole (13), the bottom end of the special long cylindrical shell (11) is provided with a drill component (14), and the top of the special long cylindrical shell (11) is provided with a drainage component (3); The sampling component (2) comprises an axial guide shell (21), the inner cavity of the axial guide shell (21) is evenly provided with segmented wires (22), and the outer surface of the axial guide shell (21) is evenly plugged with detection terminals (4); The detection end (4) includes a protective shell (41), and a drainage groove (42) is provided on a side of the inner cavity of the protective shell (41) close to the axis guide shell (21); a propeller (43) is fixedly connected to the side of the inner wall of the protective shell (41) close to the axis guide shell (21); a sliding motor (45) is fixedly connected to the end of the propeller (43) away from the axis guide shell (21); a conical sampling tube (46) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the output shaft of the sliding motor (45); a filling pressure plate (47) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conical sampling tube (46) close to the side of the sliding motor (45); and light-shielding detectors (44) are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the outer surface of the propeller (43). 2. The geological drilling equipment for highway survey according to claim 1 is characterized in that the outer surface of the protective shell (41) extends to the outside of the special long cylindrical shell (11) through the through-hole (13), and the side of the protective shell (41) close to the axial guide shell (21) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the special long cylindrical shell (11), and the axis center of the inner cavity of the thruster (43) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the segmented conductor (22). 3. The geological drilling equipment for highway survey according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the outer surface of the light-shielding detector (44) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the special long cylindrical shell (11), both sides of the outer surface of the sliding motor (45) are slidingly connected to the inner wall of the protective outer shell (41) through guide grooves, and the outer surface of the axial guide shell (21) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the special long cylindrical shell (11). 4. The geological drilling equipment for highway survey according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the drainage component (3) includes an external fixed cylinder (31), a torque rotor (34) is fixedly connected to the axis center of the inner cavity of the external fixed cylinder (31), the inner cavity of the external fixed cylinder (31) is evenly provided with drainage pipes (32) through vertical sockets, the bottom end of the rotating shaft of the torque rotor (34) is fixedly connected to a torque shaft (35), and the outer surface of the torque shaft (35) is sleeved with a buffer turntable (33). 5. The geological drilling equipment for highway survey according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the lower surface of the buffer turntable (33) is fixedly connected to the axis of the top of the special long cylindrical shell (11), and the bottom end of the drainage pipe (32) is connected to the interior of the special long cylindrical shell (11) through a through hole, the bottom end of the drainage pipe (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the buffer turntable (33), and the upper surface of the buffer turntable (33) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the external fixed cylinder (31). 6. The geological drilling equipment for highway survey according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the bottom end of the torque shaft (35) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the buffer turntable (33), the number of the drainage pipes (32) is four, the outer surface of the drainage pipe (32) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the outer fixed cylinder (31), and the top end of the drainage pipe (32) extends to the outside of the outer fixed cylinder (31). 7. The geological drilling equipment for highway survey according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the drill bit component (14) includes an external drill bit (141), an adaptor sleeve (142) is fixedly connected to the axis of the upper surface of the external drill bit (141), a through-connecting rod (143) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the adaptor sleeve (142), a compression sleeve (144) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the through-connecting rod (143), a fixed top cover (145) is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the through-connecting rod (143), a pressure-sensitive inner disk (146) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the fixed top cover (145), and a docking spring cylinder (147) is evenly arranged on the lower surface of the pressure-sensitive inner disk (146). 8. The geological drilling equipment for highway survey according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the outer surface of the fixed top cover (145) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the special long cylindrical shell (11), the bottom end of the axial guide shell (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed top cover (145) through an insulating groove, and the outer surface of the adapter sleeve (142) is fixedly connected to the axis of the bottom end of the special long cylindrical shell (11) through a slot. 9. The geological drilling equipment for highway survey according to claim 8, characterized in that the bottom end of the through-connecting rod (143) is slidably connected to the axis of the inner wall of the adapter insert (142) through a compression spring. The outer surface of the docking spring cylinder (147) extends to the outside of the fixed top cover (145) through the through opening. The upper surface of the compression sleeve (144) and the bottom end of the docking spring tube (147) are pressed against each other.