CN118793614A - A reciprocating vacuum pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of variable capacity pumps, in particular to a reciprocating vacuum pump, wherein two sides of a first fiber blade and a second fiber blade can be more tightly attached to a cavity through an encapsulation roller by the bidirectional pushing effect of a compression spring on an end part switching block, the air mobility can be accelerated by an inclined groove formed in the second fiber blade, and the friction force of the encapsulation roller on a contact surface of a wall body can be effectively reduced, so that noise is reduced; the booster connecting pipe is a one-way air inlet pipe, gas impurities can be filtered by the anti-return filter cylinder aiming at gas flowing back in the gas flow channel, and the embedded groove inner layer at the outer side of the fixed valve seat can be filled with lubricating oil to improve the stability of the fixed valve seat, so that the abrasion of groove teeth caused by shaking is prevented, and the sealing performance is improved; through opening sealed lid, take out stainless steel sintering net can accomplish clean change operation for this device promotes the stability of vacuum pump operation.

Description

A reciprocating vacuum pump

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of variable displacement pumps, and in particular relates to a reciprocating vacuum pump.

Background Art

A vacuum pump, as the name implies, is used to generate vacuum. Its function is to generate negative pressure, thereby increasing the braking force. For vehicles driven by diesel engines, since the engine uses compression ignition, it cannot provide the same level of vacuum pressure at the intake manifold, so a vacuum pump that provides a vacuum source needs to be installed. For gasoline direct injection engines GDI designed to meet higher emission and environmental protection requirements, it cannot provide the same level of vacuum pressure at the intake manifold to meet the requirements of the vacuum brake assist system, so a vacuum pump is also needed to provide a vacuum source.

Existing vacuum pumps are generally multi-blade circular cavity vacuum pumps. The working noise of multi-blade circular cavity vacuum pumps is relatively high, which greatly affects the customer's driving experience. In addition, the multi-blade will occupy the vacuum pump cavity space. The reciprocating spring combination blades can reduce the space occupied by the vacuum pump cavity and increase the displacement. The multi-blade structure relies on the action of centrifugal force to compress and extract the gas in the direction of the centrifugal force axis. The engine speed will affect the centrifugal force, making the vacuum pump unstable. The air extracted from the vacuum booster contains dust and other impurities that will adhere to the multi-blade, thereby reducing the performance and efficiency of the pump.

Therefore, a reciprocating vacuum pump is designed to solve the above problems.

Summary of the invention

To solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides a reciprocating vacuum pump to achieve the smoke filtering effect during vacuuming, so that the blade end and the cavity fit more closely, thereby making the vacuum pump better and more stable and increasing its service life.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a reciprocating vacuum pump, comprising a reciprocating spring type combined vane vacuum pump, the reciprocating spring type combined vane vacuum pump comprising a booster connecting pipe, a vacuum pump housing, a straight key joint, a first fiber blade, a second fiber blade, an end adapter block, a spring connection assembly and a one-way air intake assembly, the booster connecting pipe is installed on one side of the top of the vacuum pump housing for vacuuming inside the vacuum booster, the straight key joint is rotatably connected to the outside of the vacuum pump housing for connecting to the engine camshaft, the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade are rotatably connected to the inside of the vacuum pump housing, the end adapter blocks are staggered on the opposite sides of the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade, the spring connection assembly is installed on the opposite side of the end adapter block, and the one-way air intake assembly is installed inside the booster connecting pipe;

The booster connecting pipe is connected to the exhaust pipeline of the vacuum booster, and the one-way air intake and preliminary filtration inside the vacuum pump housing are completed through the one-way air intake component. The flat key joint is screwed to the end of the engine camshaft to drive the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade to rotate. The spring connection component applies elastic force to the opposite side surfaces of the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade in both directions through the end adapter block. The outer end surfaces of the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade are tightly fitted with the inner surface of the vacuum pump housing. The vacuum pump housing is separated into two chambers of different sizes through the irregular rotation of the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade, and the one-way exhaust is completed.

Preferably, an inclined groove is further provided on one side of the second fiber blade, the thickness of the inclined groove gradually increases along the upper side of the second fiber blade, and the inclined grooves are arranged at equal intervals on the outer side of the second fiber blade.

Preferably, the spring connecting assembly includes a hollow sleeve, an adjusting rod and a compression spring, the hollow sleeve is fixedly connected to the surface of the end adapter block, the adjusting rod is slidably sleeved inside the hollow sleeve for connecting the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade, and the two sides of the compression spring are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite side surfaces of the hollow sleeve and the adjusting rod.

Preferably, a rubber-coated roller is installed on the outer side of the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade, and the rubber-coated roller is rotatably connected to the outer side of the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade to fit with the inner surface of the vacuum pump housing.

Preferably, the one-way air intake assembly includes a gas flow channel, a sliding valve block, a fixed valve seat, an embedded groove, an anti-return air filter cartridge and a limit spring. The gas flow channel is opened on the inner side of the connection between the booster connecting pipe and the vacuum pump housing, the sliding valve block is arranged at the upper end of the gas flow channel, the embedded groove is opened on the outer side of the fixed valve seat, the fixed valve seat is clamped at the bottom of the booster connecting pipe, the anti-return air filter cartridge is installed at the lower end of the sliding valve block, and the two ends of the limit spring are respectively fixedly connected to the anti-return air filter cartridge and the opposite sides of the fixed valve seat.

Preferably, a tungsten carbide notch rotor is also fixedly connected to the inner side of the straight key connector, and the inner side of the notch of the tungsten carbide notch rotor is in contact with the outer wall surface of the first fiber blade.

Preferably, the interior of the vacuum pump housing is also provided with a dust collecting grid, a stainless steel sintered mesh and a chamber exhaust port, the dust collecting grid is rotatably connected to the interior of the vacuum pump housing, the stainless steel sintered mesh is installed inside the dust collecting grid, and the chamber exhaust port is opened inside the side of the vacuum pump housing close to the tungsten carbide notch rotor.

Preferably, a limiting slot, an exhaust diaphragm and an air outlet are also provided on the outside of the vacuum pump housing. The limiting slot is installed on the outside of the vacuum pump housing, and the exhaust diaphragm is installed inside the limiting slot to cover the air outlet. The aperture of the air outlet is equal to the aperture of the chamber exhaust port.

Preferably, a dust cover, a sealing cover, a small motor, a drive shaft and a pickup pipeline are also provided at the bottom of the vacuum pump housing. The pickup pipeline is installed inside the vacuum pump housing, the sealing cover is sleeved on the outside of the pickup pipeline, the dust cover is installed on the upper end of the vacuum pump housing close to the sealing cover, the motor shaft of the small motor is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft through a coupling, and the drive shaft passes through one side of the vacuum pump housing and is fixedly connected to the protruding end surface of the dust collecting frame.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the present invention, the two-way pushing effect of the compression spring on the end adapter block enables both sides of the first fiber blade and the second fiber blade to fit more closely with the cavity through the rubber-coated roller. The inclined grooves on the second fiber blade can accelerate the gas flow and improve the vacuum efficiency; and the rubber-coated roller can effectively reduce the friction of the contact surface with the wall, thereby reducing noise and increasing the service life of the vacuum pump.

2. In the present invention, the booster connecting pipe of the present application is a one-way air intake pipe, and the gas reflowing in the gas flow channel can be filtered for gas impurities through an anti-return air filter cartridge, and the inner layer of the embedded groove on the outside of the fixed valve seat can be filled with lubricating oil to improve the stability of the fixed valve seat and prevent shaking from causing wear of the groove teeth, thereby improving the sealing performance.

3. In the present invention, a small motor is used to drive the dust collecting grid frame, so that the stainless steel sintered mesh that fully absorbs impurities can be rotated along the inside of the vacuum pump housing to the side of the pipe mouth of the extraction pipeline. The sealing cover is opened and the stainless steel sintered mesh is taken out to complete the cleaning and replacement operation, thereby preventing excessive impurities in the air from adhering to the blades, so that the device improves the stability of the vacuum pump operation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG2 is a side view of the reciprocating spring type combined vane vacuum pump of the present invention;

FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the vacuum pump body of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inclined groove in the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a spring connection assembly in the present invention;

FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of the one-way air intake assembly of the present invention;

FIG7 is a diagram showing the unfolding effect of the fixed valve seat in the present invention;

FIG8 is a distribution diagram of the dust collecting grid and the stainless steel sintered mesh in the present invention;

FIG9 is an exploded view of the exhaust diaphragm and the exhaust hole in the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a distribution diagram of the pickup pipeline and the small motor in the present invention.

In the figure:

1. Reciprocating spring type combined vane vacuum pump; 2. Booster connecting pipe; 3. Vacuum pump housing; 4. Slotted key connector; 5. First fiber blade; 6. Second fiber blade; 7. End adapter block; 8. Spring connection assembly; 9. One-way air intake assembly; 10. Inclined groove; 11. Hollow sleeve; 12. Adjustment rod; 13. Compression spring; 14. Rubber-coated roller; 15. Gas flow channel; 16. Sliding valve block; 17. Fixed valve seat; 18. Embedded groove; 19. Anti-return air filter cartridge; 20. Limit spring; 21. Tungsten carbide notched rotor; 22. Dust collection grid; 23. Sintered stainless steel mesh; 24. Chamber exhaust port; 25. Limit notch; 26. Exhaust diaphragm; 27. Air outlet; 28. Dust cover; 29. Sealing cover; 30. Small motor; 31. Drive shaft; 32. Access pipeline.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

A reciprocating vacuum pump as shown in Fig. 1-10 comprises a reciprocating spring type combined vane vacuum pump 1, the reciprocating spring type combined vane vacuum pump 1 comprises a booster connecting pipe 2, a vacuum pump housing 3, a straight key joint 4, a first fiber blade 5, a second fiber blade 6, an end adapter block 7, a spring connection assembly 8 and a one-way air intake assembly 9, the booster connecting pipe 2 is installed on one side of the top of the vacuum pump housing 3 for vacuuming inside the vacuum booster, the straight key joint 4 is rotatably connected to the outside of the vacuum pump housing 3 for connecting to the engine camshaft, the first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6 are rotatably connected to the inside of the vacuum pump housing 3, the end adapter blocks 7 are staggered on the opposite sides of the first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6, the spring connection assembly 8 is installed on the opposite side of the end adapter block 7, and the one-way air intake assembly 9 is installed inside the booster connecting pipe 2;

The booster connecting pipe 2 is connected to the exhaust pipeline of the vacuum booster, and the one-way air intake and preliminary filtration inside the vacuum pump housing 3 are completed through the one-way air intake component 9. The straight key joint 4 is screwed to the end of the engine camshaft to drive the first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6 to rotate. The spring connection component 8 applies elastic force in both directions to the opposite side surfaces of the first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6 through the end adapter block 7. The outer end surfaces of the first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6 are tightly fitted with the inner surface of the vacuum pump housing 3. The vacuum pump housing 3 is separated into two chambers of different sizes through the irregular rotation of the first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6, and the one-way exhaust is completed.

The booster connecting pipe 2 of the present application is a one-way air intake pipe, and the gas reflowing in the gas flow channel 15 can be filtered for gas impurities through the anti-return air filter cartridge 19, and the inner layer of the embedded groove 18 on the outer side of the fixed valve seat 17 can be filled with lubricating oil to improve the stability of the fixed valve seat 17 and prevent the groove teeth from being worn due to shaking, thereby improving the sealing performance; the cleaning and replacement operation can be completed by opening the sealing cover 29 and taking out the stainless steel sintered mesh 23, thereby preventing excessive impurities in the air from adhering to the blades, so that the device improves the stability of the vacuum pump operation.

An inclined groove 10 is further provided on one side of the second fiber blade 6 . The thickness of the inclined groove 10 gradually increases along the upper side of the second fiber blade 6 , and the inclined grooves 10 are arranged at equal intervals on the outer side of the second fiber blade 6 .

After connecting the booster connecting pipe 2 to the exhaust end of the vacuum booster, install the slotted key connector 4 to the outside of the engine camshaft, so that the engine can synchronously drive the slotted key connector 4 and the internal tungsten carbide notch rotor 21 to rotate when running. Since the tungsten carbide notch rotor 21 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first fiber blade 5, the first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6 can rotate flexibly inside the vacuum pump housing 3. In this process, since there are multiple groups of inclined grooves 10 on the outside of the second fiber blade 6, these inclined grooves 10 can be regarded as a tiny guiding structure. When the second fiber blade 6 rotates, the inclined grooves 10 will guide the air to flow along its inclined direction, thereby producing a certain acceleration effect, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency.

The spring connection assembly 8 includes a hollow sleeve 11, an adjusting rod 12 and a compression spring 13. The hollow sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the surface of the end adapter block 7. The adjusting rod 12 is slidably sleeved inside the hollow sleeve 11 for connecting the first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6. The two sides of the compression spring 13 are fixedly connected to the opposite side surfaces of the hollow sleeve 11 and the adjusting rod 12 respectively.

Rubber-coated rollers 14 are also installed on the outer sides of the first fiber blades 5 and the second fiber blades 6 . The rubber-coated rollers 14 are rotatably connected to the outer sides of the first fiber blades 5 and the second fiber blades 6 to fit with the inner surface of the vacuum pump housing 3 .

During the rotation of the first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6, since the tungsten carbide notched rotor 21 is distributed on the inner side of the top of the pump, the rotation process is irregular. During this process, the compression spring 13 inside the hollow sleeve 11 is always in a compressed state. Under the elastic support of the spring, the adjusting rod 12 is subjected to elastic force and acts on the end face of the fiber blade, and cooperates with the two sets of end adapter blocks 7 to achieve smooth displacement. The first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6 can fully rest against the inner wall of the vacuum pump housing 3 under the action of elastic force, and fit more closely with the cavity through the rubber-coated roller 14. The inclined groove 10 opened on the second fiber blade 6 can accelerate the gas flow and improve the vacuum extraction efficiency; and the rubber-coated roller 14 can effectively reduce the friction of the contact surface with the wall, thereby reducing noise and improving the service life of the vacuum pump.

The one-way air intake assembly 9 includes a gas flow channel 15, a sliding valve block 16, a fixed valve seat 17, an embedded groove 18, an anti-return air filter cartridge 19 and a limit spring 20. The gas flow channel 15 is opened on the inner side of the connection between the booster connecting pipe 2 and the vacuum pump housing 3. The sliding valve block 16 is arranged at the upper end of the gas flow channel 15. The embedded groove 18 is opened on the outer side of the fixed valve seat 17. The fixed valve seat 17 is clamped on the bottom of the booster connecting pipe 2. The anti-return air filter cartridge 19 is installed at the lower end of the sliding valve block 16. The two ends of the limit spring 20 are fixedly connected to the anti-return air filter cartridge 19 and the opposite sides of the fixed valve seat 17 respectively.

A tungsten carbide notch rotor 21 is also fixedly connected to the inner side of the straight key joint 4 , and the inner side of the notch of the tungsten carbide notch rotor 21 fits with the outer wall surface of the first fiber blade 5 .

During air intake, the gas overcomes the elastic force of the limit spring 20 under the action of high pressure and presses the sliding valve block 16 downward, so that the air intake end of the gas flow channel 15 is exposed to the outside, and the gas enters the pump through the gas flow channel 15 under negative pressure conditions; to prevent gas backflow, the gas in the gas flow channel 15 directly acts vertically on the side of the sliding valve block 16, so that the sliding valve block 16 is not subjected to force in the vertical direction, thereby completing the one-way air intake operation; at the same time, the gas can be poured into the anti-return air filter cartridge 19 to filter gas impurities, and the inner layer of the embedded groove 18 on the outer side of the fixed valve seat 17 can be filled with lubricating oil to improve the stability of the fixed valve seat 17, prevent shaking and cause wear of the groove teeth, thereby improving the sealing performance.

The interior of the vacuum pump housing 3 is also provided with a dust collecting grid 22, a stainless steel sintered mesh 23 and a chamber exhaust port 24. The dust collecting grid 22 is rotatably connected to the interior of the vacuum pump housing 3, the stainless steel sintered mesh 23 is installed inside the dust collecting grid 22, and the chamber exhaust port 24 is opened inside the side of the vacuum pump housing 3 close to the tungsten carbide notched rotor 21.

A limiting slot 25, an exhaust diaphragm 26 and an air outlet 27 are also provided on the outside of the vacuum pump housing 3. The limiting slot 25 is installed on the outside of the vacuum pump housing 3, and the exhaust diaphragm 26 is installed inside the limiting slot 25 to cover the air outlet 27. The aperture of the air outlet 27 is equal to the aperture of the chamber exhaust port 24.

The first fiber blade 5 and the second fiber blade 6 separate the gas in the pump into large and small chambers. The large chamber squeezes the gas into the small chamber and then discharges it into the outlet hole 27 through the chamber exhaust port 24. Under high pressure, the gas in the outlet hole 27 lifts the exhaust diaphragm 26 from the limiting groove 25, thereby achieving the exhaust operation and realizing the vacuum effect inside the vacuum booster.

A dust cover 28, a sealing cover 29, a small motor 30, a drive shaft 31 and a pickup pipeline 32 are also provided at the bottom of the vacuum pump housing 3. The pickup pipeline 32 is installed inside the vacuum pump housing 3, and the sealing cover 29 is sleeved on the outside of the pickup pipeline 32. The dust cover 28 is installed at the upper end of the vacuum pump housing 3 close to the sealing cover 29. The motor shaft of the small motor 30 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 31 through a coupling. The drive shaft 31 passes through one side of the vacuum pump housing 3 and is fixedly connected to the protruding end surface of the dust collecting grid 22.

The small motor 30 inside the dust cover 28 can be started, and the small motor 30 drives the driving shaft 31 to rotate, and the driving shaft 31 drives the dust collecting grid frame 22 to rotate on the inner side of the vacuum pump body, so that the stainless steel sintered mesh 23 that fully absorbs impurities can be rotated along the inside of the vacuum pump housing 3 to the pipe mouth side of the removal pipeline 32. The cleaning and replacement operation can be completed by opening the sealing cover 29 and taking out the stainless steel sintered mesh 23, thereby preventing excessive impurities in the air from adhering to the blades, so that the device improves the stability of the vacuum pump operation.

Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A reciprocating vacuum pump, comprising a reciprocating spring type combined vane vacuum pump (1), characterized in that: the reciprocating spring type combined vane vacuum pump (1) comprises a booster connecting pipe (2), a vacuum pump housing (3), a straight key joint (4), a first fiber blade (5), a second fiber blade (6), an end adapter block (7), a spring connection assembly (8) and a one-way air intake assembly (9), the booster connecting pipe (2) being mounted on one side of the top of the vacuum pump housing (3) for vacuuming inside the vacuum booster, the straight key joint (4) being rotatably connected to the outside of the vacuum pump housing (3) for connecting to an engine camshaft, the first fiber blade (5) and the second fiber blade (6) being rotatably connected inside the vacuum pump housing (3), the end adapter block (7) being staggeredly distributed on opposite sides of the first fiber blade (5) and the second fiber blade (6), the spring connection assembly (8) being mounted on opposite sides of the end adapter block (7), and the one-way air intake assembly (9) being mounted inside the booster connecting pipe (2); The booster connecting pipe (2) is connected to the exhaust pipeline of the vacuum booster, and the one-way air intake and preliminary filtration inside the vacuum pump housing (3) are completed through the one-way air intake component (9). The straight key joint (4) is screwed to the end of the engine camshaft to drive the first fiber blade (5) and the second fiber blade (6) to rotate. The spring connection component (8) applies elastic force to the opposite side surfaces of the first fiber blade (5) and the second fiber blade (6) in a bidirectional manner through the end adapter block (7). The outer end surfaces of the first fiber blade (5) and the second fiber blade (6) are tightly fitted with the inner surface of the vacuum pump housing (3). The irregular rotation of the first fiber blade (5) and the second fiber blade (6) separates the vacuum pump housing (3) into two chambers of different sizes and completes the one-way exhaust. 2. The reciprocating vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: an inclined groove (10) is further provided on one side of the second fiber blade (6), the thickness of the inclined groove (10) gradually increases along the upper side of the second fiber blade (6), and the inclined grooves (10) are arranged at equal intervals on the outer side of the second fiber blade (6). 3. The reciprocating vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spring connection assembly (8) comprises a hollow sleeve (11), an adjusting rod (12) and a compression spring (13), the hollow sleeve (11) is fixedly connected to the surface of the end adapter block (7), the adjusting rod (12) is slidably sleeved inside the hollow sleeve (11) for connecting the first fiber blade (5) and the second fiber blade (6), and the two sides of the compression spring (13) are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite side surfaces of the hollow sleeve (11) and the adjusting rod (12). 4. The reciprocating vacuum pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: a rubber-coated roller (14) is further installed on the outer side of the first fiber blade (5) and the second fiber blade (6), and the rubber-coated roller (14) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the first fiber blade (5) and the second fiber blade (6) for fitting with the inner surface of the vacuum pump housing (3). 5. The reciprocating vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the one-way air intake assembly (9) comprises a gas flow channel (15), a sliding valve block (16), a fixed valve seat (17), an embedded groove (18), an anti-return air filter cartridge (19) and a limit spring (20), the gas flow channel (15) is opened on the inner side of the connection between the booster connecting pipe (2) and the vacuum pump housing (3), the sliding valve block (16) is arranged at the upper end of the gas flow channel (15), the embedded groove (18) is opened on the outer side of the fixed valve seat (17), the fixed valve seat (17) is clamped on the bottom of the booster connecting pipe (2), the anti-return air filter cartridge (19) is installed at the lower end of the sliding valve block (16), and the two ends of the limit spring (20) are respectively fixedly connected to the anti-return air filter cartridge (19) and the opposite sides of the fixed valve seat (17). 6. The reciprocating vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterized in that a tungsten carbide notch rotor (21) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the straight key joint (4), and the inner side of the notch of the tungsten carbide notch rotor (21) is in contact with the outer wall surface of the first fiber blade (5). 7. The reciprocating vacuum pump according to claim 6 is characterized in that: a dust collecting grid frame (22), a stainless steel sintered mesh (23) and a chamber exhaust port (24) are also provided inside the vacuum pump housing (3), the dust collecting grid frame (22) is rotatably connected to the inside of the vacuum pump housing (3), the stainless steel sintered mesh (23) is installed inside the dust collecting grid frame (22), and the chamber exhaust port (24) is opened inside the vacuum pump housing (3) on one side close to the tungsten carbide notch rotor (21). 8. The reciprocating vacuum pump according to claim 7, characterized in that: a limit slot (25), an exhaust diaphragm (26) and an air outlet (27) are further provided on the outer side of the vacuum pump housing (3), the limit slot (25) is installed on the outer side of the vacuum pump housing (3), the exhaust diaphragm (26) is installed inside the limit slot (25) to cover the air outlet (27), and the aperture of the air outlet (27) is equal to the aperture of the chamber exhaust port (24). 9. The reciprocating vacuum pump according to claim 8, characterized in that: a dust cover (28), a sealing cover (29), a small motor (30), a drive shaft (31) and a pickup pipeline (32) are also provided at the bottom of the vacuum pump housing (3); the pickup pipeline (32) is installed inside the vacuum pump housing (3); the sealing cover (29) is sleeved on the outside of the pickup pipeline (32); the dust cover (28) is installed at the upper end of the vacuum pump housing (3) close to the sealing cover (29); the motor shaft of the small motor (30) is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft (31) through a coupling; the drive shaft (31) passes through one side of the vacuum pump housing (3) and is fixedly connected to the protruding end surface of the dust collecting rack (22).