CN118793459B - A mountain shed tunnel - Google Patents
A mountain shed tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN118793459B CN118793459B CN202411021785.0A CN202411021785A CN118793459B CN 118793459 B CN118793459 B CN 118793459B CN 202411021785 A CN202411021785 A CN 202411021785A CN 118793459 B CN118793459 B CN 118793459B
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel with a mountain side shed tunnel, which comprises at least one group of multi-arch structures, wherein each group of multi-arch structures consists of a plurality of single-arch single-span structures, and the span direction of each single-arch single-span structure is parallel to a preset travelling direction. Therefore, the span of the shed tunnel is not overlong due to the change of the width of the pavement, the span length and the number of the multi-arch structure groups can be flexibly adjusted according to the bearing capacity requirement, and meanwhile, in the construction process of the structure, the span direction of the single-arch single-span structure is kept parallel to the travelling direction, so that the construction safety is high, the construction operation surface capable of being excavated at the same time is increased, and the construction efficiency of the shed tunnel is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a mountain-side shed tunnel.
Background
The shed tunnel is a special tunnel form and is an open cut tunnel structure which is not completely closed. The side of the shed tunnel structure is covered by a mountain and one side is covered by an attached protective wall, the side of the mountain is covered by an upright post, a frame or an arched window, and the top of the shed tunnel structure is closed and covered by backfill earth and stones to form a half shelter structure. Shed tunnels are commonly used for tunnel diagonal tunnel opening sections or road sections such as along river mountain, slope steep and the like, and are shed structures arranged for the purposes of conforming to terrains, protecting environment, reducing slope excavation, protecting traffic safety in geological disaster-prone road sections such as slump rocks and the like. Taking a common outer column flat top inner arch wall type or rectangular shed tunnel for road engineering as an example, the following two construction methods are generally adopted:
Open cut backfill method
As shown in figure 1, the construction sequence of the open cut backfilling method comprises the steps of excavating a mountain to form a temporary slope surface, building a temporary side pile foundation or an enlarged foundation of a shed tunnel structure, building a temporary side retaining wall of the shed tunnel structure, backfilling under the retaining wall, building a retaining wall above the bottom plate, an outer side column, a side wall, a top plate and a top plate of the shed tunnel structure to form an integral structure, building auxiliary structures such as roadbed and pavement, drainage ditches, curb crashproof, maintenance walkways and the like inside the shed tunnel, backfilling earth and stones above the top plate of the shed tunnel structure and greening the slope surface. The open cut backfilling method is used for constructing the side mountain shed tunnel which is a cast-in-situ reinforced concrete frame structure, has the advantages of strong structural integrity, definite stress, simple process and mature technology, but has the obvious defects that the construction method of the structure needs to excavate an undisturbed mountain body so as to open up a construction space for constructing the shed tunnel structure, the formed artificial excavation slope is a large-scale high steep slope, and the original purpose of adopting the shed tunnel by reducing the slope excavation range, reducing the slope excavation height and protecting natural vegetation and environmental features is contrary to the original purpose of reducing the slope excavation range as much as possible.
(II) semi-bright and semi-dark method
A semi-open-cut semi-hidden method for constructing a side-open-cut shed tunnel includes such steps as choosing a reasonable position according to topography, defining a cross-section open-cut boundary slope, cleaning the ground surface, manually excavating to form temporary slope, drilling anchor rods or anchor ropes to stabilize mountain, building the foundation of open-cut side pile or expanding foundation and bottom longitudinal beams between columns, building the retaining wall and bottom plate of open-cut shed structure, backfilling, building the arch bottom plate of open-cut shed structure, building the external vertical columns of open-cut shed structure, erecting temporary supporting vertical columns, building the flat roof of open-cut shed structure, building the leading pipe shed supporting of open-cut shed structure, excavating the rock-soil body of open-cut shed structure, building the secondary arch side wall and arch bottom plate of arch, building the lining, and sealing soil, and protecting soil. The half-open and half-hidden built mountain-side shed tunnel is a combination of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure of the exposed portion and composite lining structure of the hidden portion, so that an overall structure of an outside upright post flat top and an inside arch wall is formed. The structure and the construction method are the structure form and the construction method with more application cases in the prior art, the process is mature, the structural integrity is good, and the structure has the greatest advantages that as the tunnel structure is constructed below the mountain body by adopting the hidden excavation method, the excavation of natural topography slope surfaces of the undisturbed mountain body is avoided, the natural vegetation and the environmental aspect of a canopy hole section to be built are effectively protected, but the greatest disadvantage is that the construction risk is high. Because of the special position of the road mountain-side wiring, the excavation of the underground excavation part of the shed tunnel structure is extremely damaging and disturbing the stabilization of the half cut slope foot of the natural mountain. The planned route is characterized in that the natural mountain or the covering layer is thicker, the slope products such as soil and stones are loose, or the rock mass has higher weathering degree, joint cracks develop, and the risks of slope instability, bias voltage, falling stones, collapse, large deformation and the like exist for the construction of the underground excavation part.
When the cross section span of the tunnel is larger, the corresponding span of the arch or rectangular section is larger, and the defects of insufficient bearing capacity of the structure, large engineering quantity of supporting and reinforcing measures, poor economy, low construction efficiency, long construction period and the like for stabilizing the side slope and surrounding rock exist under the actions of the load of the overlying rock-soil body and the bias load.
Therefore, it is needed to provide an improved tunnel with a shed tunnel in the side of the mountain, which can solve the problems of large construction risk, long construction period and insufficient bearing capacity of the structure in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tunnel with a mountain-side shed tunnel, which can solve the technical problems.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a side-mountain shed tunnel comprising at least one set of multi-arch structures, each set of multi-arch structures being composed of a plurality of single-arch single-span structures, the span direction of the single-arch single-span structures being parallel to a preset driving direction.
Preferably, the single arch single span structure comprises a vault used for bearing an overlying load, a support beam which is arranged at the arch foot of the vault in a penetrating manner along the longitudinal direction of the single arch single span structure, and upright posts which are positioned at two ends of the support beam and are connected with the vault and the support beam into a whole.
Preferably, the vault comprises a secondary lining structure 4-1 of the underground excavation section vault, wherein the secondary lining structure 4-1 is arranged on the underground excavation section vault, and the secondary lining structure 4-1 is arranged on the underground excavation section vault; the surface of the exposed section vault 4-2 at the side far from the mountain is the same as and aligned with the surface of the secondary lining structure 4-1 of the underground excavation section vault.
Preferably, the underground excavation section vault further comprises a vault big pipe canopy advance support 2-3 and vault system anchor rods 2-4 for stabilizing surrounding mountain strata of the tunnel.
Preferably, the upright post comprises an underground excavation section wall-attaching upright post 7-1 which is positioned on an end wall of a tunnel close to a mountain body, an open section upright post 7-2 which is positioned on a temporary side of the tunnel, and an open section pile foundation 7-4 or an open section expansion foundation which is connected with the lower end of the open section upright post.
Preferably, the open-cut section pile foundation 7-4 is connected with the open-cut section upright post 7-2 through the open-cut section post bottom bearing platform 7-3, and the open-cut section enlarged foundation is directly connected with the open-cut section upright post 7-2.
Preferably, the tunnel with the mountain side shed tunnel further comprises a plurality of longitudinal beams 8 which are arranged along the driving direction, and specifically comprises a plurality of longitudinal beams 8-1 in the underground excavation section, a bottom longitudinal beam 8-2 in the underground excavation section, which is arranged at the bottom of the end wall in a penetrating manner, and a plurality of bottom longitudinal beams 8-3 in the open construction section, which are respectively connected between two adjacent open construction section column bottom bearing platforms 7-3 or two adjacent open construction section enlarged foundations.
Preferably, the part below the subgrade bottom surface of the planned road of the open-cut section of the tunnel is filled with an under-subgrade backfill 9-2, and when the open-cut section pile foundations 7-4 are adopted, an open-cut section inter-pile retaining wall 9-1 is arranged between two adjacent open-cut section pile foundations 7-4 and used for retaining the under-subgrade backfill 9-2.
Preferably, the side-to-mountain shed tunnel further comprises a temporary side retaining wall 9-3 arranged in a penetrating manner above the plurality of arches along the traveling direction for retaining the arch backfill 11 filled among the mountain slope 1, the temporary side retaining wall 9-3 and the arch enclosing area.
Preferably, deformation joints are arranged between two adjacent groups of multi-arch structures.
The invention provides a tunnel with a mountain side shed tunnel, which comprises at least one group of multi-arch structures, wherein each group of multi-arch structures consists of a plurality of single-arch single-span structures, and the span direction of each single-arch single-span structure is parallel to a preset travelling direction. Therefore, the span of the shed tunnel is not overlong due to the change of the width of the pavement, the span length and the number of the multi-arch structure groups can be flexibly adjusted according to the bearing capacity requirement, and meanwhile, in the tunnel construction process, the span direction of the single-arch single-span structure is kept parallel to the travelling direction, so that the construction safety is high, the construction operation surface capable of being excavated at the same time is increased, and the construction efficiency of the shed tunnel is greatly improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a shed tunnel employing an open cut backfill method according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a shed tunnel using a semi-bright and semi-dark method according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a tunnel with a shed tunnel in a mountain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a construction process of a tunnel with a shed tunnel in a mountain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
1, a mountain slope; 2-1, leading support of a tunnel greenhouse on the underground excavation section; 2-2, anchoring rods of a pilot tunnel system on the underground excavation section; the construction method comprises the following steps of 2-3, pre-supporting a large pipe shed of a vault of a hidden excavation section, 2-4, a roof bolt of a vault system of the hidden excavation section, 2-5, a roof bolt of a pilot system of a lower excavation section, 3-1, a preliminary supporting of a pilot primary support of an upper excavation section, 3-2, a preliminary supporting of a vault of the hidden excavation section, 3-3, a preliminary supporting of a pilot primary support of a lower excavation section, 4-1, a secondary lining structure of a vault of the hidden excavation section, 4-2, a top half of an exposed excavation section, 5-1, a supporting beam of the hidden excavation section, 5-2, a supporting beam of the exposed excavation section, 6-1, an upper half of an end wall, 6-2, a lower half of an end wall, 7-1, an adjacent wall upright post of the hidden excavation section, 7-2, an exposed excavation section upright post, 7-3, an exposed section post base platform, 7-4, an exposed section pile foundation, 8-1, an exposed excavation section middle longitudinal beam, 8-2, an exposed section bottom longitudinal beam, 8-3, a 9-1, an exposed section post-to-side longitudinal beam, 9-2, a foundation bed, 9-3, a side wall, a side ditch, a side wall, an anti-collision bridge, a side wall, a bridge, an overhead ground, a bridge abutment, a bridge abutment, etc.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Reference will now be made in detail to the various embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. For convenience in explanation and accurate definition in the appended claims, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner" and "outer" are used to describe features of the exemplary embodiments with reference to the positions of such features as displayed in the figures.
Fig. 3 and fig. 4 respectively show a schematic perspective structure and a schematic construction process of a tunnel with a shed tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the tunnel with a shed tunnel includes at least one group of multi-arch structures, each group of multi-arch structures is composed of a plurality of single-arch single-span structures, and a span direction of the single-arch single-span structures is parallel to a preset driving direction.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the deformation joint is arranged between two adjacent groups of multi-arch structures.
In the related art, an outer column flat-top inner arch wall type or rectangular section mountain-side shed tunnel is adopted, but when the width of a planned road surface is large, the stability of the structure is poor, when the mountain structure is not stable enough, the construction safety risk is high, and the construction period is long.
Unlike the arch shed tunnel or rectangular shed tunnel in the related art, the bridge-span direction (i.e. the main stress direction) is perpendicular to the driving direction, and the mountain-side shed tunnel in the embodiment of the invention is provided with one or more groups of serially connected multi-arch structures along the driving direction, wherein each group of multi-arch structures is formed by connecting a plurality of single-arch single-span structures with spans parallel to the driving direction, so that the stress condition of the mountain-side shed tunnel structure can be improved, the construction risk of the mountain-side shed tunnel structure can be reduced, the mountain can be cut in a large range when the shed tunnel is built by the mountain-side shed tunnel can be avoided, the stability of natural slopes can be maintained, and the landscape and ecological landscape of the natural environment can be protected.
The span of the single-arch single-span structure can be flexibly determined according to the rationality and economy of structural stress, the number of holes (namely the span number) of each group of multi-span multi-arch structures can be generally 3 multi-arch or 5 multi-arch and more after structural stress analysis, and the number of groups of multi-arch structures is determined according to the topography, geology and route design conditions, namely the length of a road section to be protected. When the geological condition or the slope stability is poor, the load born by the single-arch single-span structure and the multi-arch structure can be reduced by adopting a mode of reducing the span, so that the purposes of improving the stress condition of the structure, improving the section economy and reducing the construction risk are achieved. The multi-arch structure of the side-mountain shed tunnel can form a plurality of adjacent, parallel, coordinated and small-interference construction operation surfaces, gets rid of the constraint that the prior art scheme only has two construction operation surfaces of an inlet end and an outlet end along the longitudinal direction of a planned construction road, and can further accelerate the construction progress. When the multi-group multi-arch structure is arranged, deformation joints are arranged between two adjacent multi-arch structures and used for preventing the tunnel from cracking or more serious structural damage caused by the influence of sedimentation, expansion and contraction and earthquake.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the single-arch single-span structure comprises an arch crown, a supporting beam and upright posts, wherein the arch crown is used for bearing an overlying load, the supporting beam is arranged at the arch feet of the arch crown in a penetrating manner along the longitudinal direction of the single-arch single-span structure, and the upright posts are positioned at two ends of the supporting beam and are connected with the arch crown and the supporting beam into a whole.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the dome comprises: the underground excavation section vault close to one side of the mountain comprises an outer layer underground excavation section vault primary support 3-2 and an inner layer underground excavation section vault secondary lining structure 4-1, wherein a waterproof layer is arranged between the underground excavation section vault primary support 3-2 and the underground excavation section vault secondary lining structure 4-1; the surface of the exposed section vault 4-2 at the side far from the mountain is the same as and aligned with the surface of the secondary lining structure 4-1 of the underground excavation section vault.
In the related art, the shed tunnel structure is divided into an open-cut part and a hidden-cut part on the cross section, and each single-arch single-span structure is divided into an open-cut section and a hidden-cut section along the longitudinal direction (taking the driving direction as the transverse direction), and the arch crown and the supporting beam of each single-arch single-span structure are longitudinally penetrated (taking the driving direction as the transverse direction) and are connected with the upright posts on two sides into a whole, so that the shed tunnel structure is a main stress member for bearing the overlying load. Specifically, the distribution range of one or more groups of serial connection arch structures along the driving direction of the embodiment of the invention covers the length of the planned mountain road to be protected, namely the length of the mountain-side shed tunnel. When the distribution range of the multi-arch structure along the running direction is unchanged, the span of the single-arch single-span structure is reduced, which means that the number of holes of the single-arch single-span structure is correspondingly increased, and meanwhile, the number of the common supporting beams at the arch feet of each arch crown is correspondingly increased, so that the method is beneficial to reducing the acting load distributed on the common supporting beams and improving the stress state of the common supporting beams. The span of the supporting beam is the cross section width of the planned road, and when the supporting beam is required to bear larger load, the supporting beam can be realized by increasing the height of the beam. The beam bottom Gao Chengxu of the supporting beam is higher than the elevation of the limit top of the road building to be built, the beam height is further increased upwards without being limited by space, and the structural stress rationality and the section economy are only required to be considered.
The underground excavation section vault adopts a composite lining formed by an initial support 3-2 of the underground excavation section vault formed by combining a reinforced bar grating arch frame or a section steel arch frame with sprayed concrete and a secondary lining structure 4-1 of the underground excavation section vault for molding reinforced concrete, and the surface of the exposed excavation section vault adopts a cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure, and the structural section of the exposed excavation section vault is the extension of the secondary lining structure section of the underground excavation section vault to one side far away from a mountain.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the underground excavation section vault further comprises a vault big pipe shed advanced support 2-3 and vault system anchor rods 2-4, and the vault system anchor rods are used for stabilizing surrounding mountain strata of a tunnel.
The method is influenced by the complexity of the road ground topography and the road horizontal and vertical line shape design, and when the shed tunnel structure is manufactured by adopting a semi-bright semi-dark method in the prior art, the position of the natural slope surface of the undisturbed mountain in the cross section of the road to be built is changed along with the topography trend. From the perspective of the excavation cross section, the boundary between the open section part and the underground excavation part changes along with the thickness of the mountain to be excavated, and the characteristics and difficulty of the mountain-side wiring are fully exposed. The semi-bright and semi-dark method adopted in the prior art has higher difficulty when a greenhouse and the like are adopted as advanced support due to the ' thick ' -thin ' change of the mountain body excavated by the underground part in the cross section. Meanwhile, the construction direction of the semi-open semi-dark method is longitudinal along the driving direction and is excavated from the two ends of the entrance and the exit of the shed tunnel to the middle part so as to be finally communicated, so that the construction direction of advanced stratum reinforcement and advanced protection measures such as a greenhouse and the like is required to be longitudinally arranged along the shed tunnel to be built. The construction process, the precision and the effective acting length of the greenhouse are limited, and when advanced protection is required in the whole length range of the planned shed tunnel type tunnel, the situation that the tunnel body section under partial terrain conditions cannot be effectively protected can occur.
The construction direction of the tunnel of the mountain-side shed tunnel is perpendicular to the driving direction, and the protection range of the advanced support only needs to cover the width of the cross section of the planned road. When the underground excavation section needs to be applied to advanced supports such as a greenhouse, the effective protection length of the greenhouse 30m-40m in the prior art is enough to meet the actual requirements of engineering. Meanwhile, the construction direction of the embodiment of the invention is perpendicular to the driving direction, so that the hole can be cut in the direction perpendicular to the contour line of the mountain, and the problems of uneven thickness, bias voltage and the like caused by semi-bright and semi-dark in the construction cross section direction in the prior art are solved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the upright post comprises an underground excavation section adherence upright post 7-1 which is positioned on the end wall of the tunnel close to the mountain body, an open section upright post 7-2 which is positioned on the face side of the tunnel, and the lower end of the open section upright post is connected with an open section pile foundation 7-4 or an open section expansion foundation.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the open-cut section pile foundation 7-4 is connected with the open-cut section upright post 7-2 through the open-cut section post bottom bearing platform 7-3, and the open-cut section expansion foundation is directly connected with the open-cut section upright post 7-2.
The end wall on one side of the mountain body adopts a straight wall section, and the exposed section upright post can select different foundation forms according to the topography and geological conditions. When the foundation rock under the ground of the tunnel is buried deeply, the foundation bearing capacity is insufficient, a pile foundation form is applied, an open-cut section column bottom bearing platform 7-3 is arranged between the open-cut section column 7-2 and the open-cut section pile foundation 7-4, and when the foundation rock under the ground of the tunnel is buried shallowly, an enlarged foundation form is applied, and the open-cut section enlarged foundation is directly connected with the upper open-cut section column 7-2.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the tunnel with the mountain side shed tunnel further comprises a plurality of longitudinal beams 8 which are arranged along the driving direction, and specifically comprises longitudinal beams 8-1 in a plurality of underground excavation sections which are positioned in the middle of an end wall and are respectively connected between two adjacent support beams, bottom longitudinal beams 8-2 in the underground excavation sections which are arranged at the bottom of the end wall in a penetrating manner, and a plurality of bottom longitudinal beams 8-3 between exposed construction section columns which are respectively connected between two adjacent exposed construction section column bottom bearing platforms 7-3 or two adjacent exposed construction section expansion foundations.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the part below the subgrade bottom surface of the planned road of the open-cut section of the tunnel is filled with the subgrade backfill 9-2, and when the open-cut section pile foundations 7-4 are adopted, an open-cut section pile inter-pile retaining wall 9-1 is arranged between two adjacent open-cut section pile foundations 7-4 and used for retaining the subgrade backfill 9-2.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the side-to-side shed tunnel further comprises a temporary side retaining wall 9-3 which is arranged above the arch tops in a running direction in a penetrating manner and is used for retaining a vault backfill 11 filled among the mountain slope 1, the temporary side retaining wall 9-3 and the arch surrounding areas.
The method is characterized in that the part, which is below the roadbed of the road, of the tunnel vault which is constructed by adopting an open cut method needs to be backfilled, soil and stones or other backfill materials need to be adopted for filling, and further, the backfill below the roadbed needs to be kept stable, otherwise, serious safety problems such as roadbed collapse and the like are caused, so that when a pile foundation form is adopted, an open cut inter-pile retaining wall 9-1 needs to be arranged between adjacent piles to bear the lateral pressure of the backfill 9-2 below the roadbed; above a plurality of vaults of the tunnel, backfilling is needed to restore the ground surface state and reduce the impact of mountain falling rocks on the vault structure, and a corresponding need is to arrange a temporary retaining wall 9-3 on the vaults for supporting the backfill 11 of the vaults.
Fig. 4-1 to 4-9 illustrate a concrete construction flow of key steps in the construction process according to the embodiment of the present invention, taking a mountain-side shed tunnel formed by a set of three-arch structures as an example:
(1) According to the method, the boundary position of an open section and a hidden section is determined according to the reasonable position of a mountain slope surface 1, the earth surface is cleaned, according to geological conditions, a manual excavation, mechanical excavation or drilling and blasting excavation method (the same shall apply hereinafter) is adopted, in the direction vertical to the longitudinal direction of a planned road, firstly, a pilot tunnel big pipe shed advance support 2-1 on the hidden section is applied, an upper pilot tunnel is excavated and applied as a pilot tunnel primary support 3-1 on the hidden section, and an upper pilot tunnel system anchor rod 2-2 is applied along with excavation, and the detail is shown in fig. 4-1.
(2) A support beam 5-1 of a cast-in-situ reinforced concrete underground excavation section in the upper pilot tunnel is shown in detail in fig. 4-2.
(3) The method comprises the steps of constructing a preliminary support 2-3 of a tunnel shed with a vault of a underground excavation section, constructing a preliminary support 3-2 of a vault of the underground excavation section along the circumference of the tunnel of the upper half section, and constructing a system anchor rod 2-4 of the vault of the underground excavation section along with the excavation, wherein the details are shown in fig. 4-3.
(4) The secondary lining structure 4-1 of the arch crown of the underground excavation section is constructed to form the group of multi-arch structures, the upper half part 6-1 of the end wall of the underground excavation section and the longitudinal beam 8-1 in the underground excavation section are constructed, the longitudinal beam 8-1 in the underground excavation section can strengthen the integrity of the multi-arch structures, and the safety guarantee is provided for the stability of the foundation when the lower half section of the shed tunnel structure of the underground excavation section is excavated, and the detail is shown in fig. 4-4.
(5) According to the topography geological conditions of the open-cut section, the foundation form of the upright post of the open-cut section is reasonably selected, and a pile foundation or an enlarged foundation can be adopted. Taking a pile foundation as an example, a construction section pile foundation 7-4, a construction section column bottom bearing platform 7-3, a construction section column 7-2, a construction section column inter-bottom longitudinal beam 8-3, a construction section support beam 5-2 and a construction section vault 4-2 are sequentially connected with a construction section support beam 5-1 and a construction section vault secondary lining structure 4-1 respectively to form a whole, and a construction section is shown in fig. 4-5 in detail.
(6) The lower half section of the tunnel is excavated and the primary support 3-3 of the pilot tunnel under the underground excavation section is applied, and the anchor rods 2-5 of the pilot tunnel system under the underground excavation section are applied along with the excavation, and are shown in the figures 4-6 in detail.
(7) The lower half section of the underground excavation section is excavated to the end of the underground excavation section close to one side of the mountain body, and the wall-attached upright post 7-1 of the underground excavation section and the bottom longitudinal beam 8-2 of the underground excavation section are poured, and the details are shown in fig. 4-7.
(8) The method comprises the steps of breaking an initial support 3-3 of a pilot tunnel under a hidden excavation section and anchor rods 2-5 of a pilot tunnel system under the hidden excavation section, constructing a lower half part 6-2 of an end wall of the hidden excavation section, communicating a bottom longitudinal beam 8-2 of the hidden excavation section to realize foundation bottom falling of a tunnel shed tunnel structure near one side of a mountain, constructing a retaining wall 9-1 between piles of the hidden excavation section, backfilling backfill 9-2 below the subgrade of a planned road according to the condition that a ground line appears on the bottom surface of the foundation, and particularly shown in fig. 4-8.
(9) The construction method comprises the steps of constructing a temporary side retaining wall 9-3 above a vault, backfilling a vault backfill 11, constructing auxiliary structures 10 such as roadbed pavements, drain ditches, curb crashes, overhauling walkways and the like in the tunnel, and ensuring that the space in the tunnel meets the requirements of building limits 12 of the planned roads and meets the road traffic requirements, wherein the details are shown in fig. 4-9.
The invention has the following effects:
(1) The force transmission path of the structure is clear, and the stress of the structure is reasonable and controllable;
(2) The advanced stratum reinforcement and protection measures are reliable, the structure construction process is mature, the construction operation surface is more, and the construction efficiency is high;
(3) The mountain is prevented from being cut in a large range when the shed tunnel is built by the mountain, the stability of the mountain is maintained, and the natural environment landscape and ecological landscape are protected.
The above examples are only illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention. Various other changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
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| CN105626083A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-01 | 安徽省交通控股集团有限公司 | Construction method for permeable ribbed multiple-arch tunnel |
| CN109026064B (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-10-27 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Construction method for large-span multi-arch tunnel with semi-bright and semi-dark |
| CN111560865B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-30 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | Shed tunnel structure for shallow-buried bias tunnel and construction method |
| CN113931660B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2024-04-09 | 四川省交通建设集团股份有限公司 | Reserved single-side-wall soil column method suitable for pilot tunnel-free method of multi-arch tunnel |
| CN115324108B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-09-03 | 中建五局土木工程有限公司 | Construction method of light and dark connecting arch bias tunnel |
| CN115639619B (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-17 | 云南省交通投资建设集团有限公司 | A Method for Estimating the Stress Release Rate of Surrounding Rock of Multi-Arch Tunnel |
| CN116717271B (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2024-02-13 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | A mountain-side integrated mid-wall tunnel tunnel structure and construction method |
| CN117145494B (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2024-09-13 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | Construction method of shield tunnel communication channel |
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