CN118748886B

CN118748886B - Electrical equipment and heat dissipation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN118748886B
Application number: CN202410858821.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢艺杰; 倪泽联; 傅永生; 金启航
Original assignee: Xiamen Kehua Digital Energy Tech Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xiamen Kehua Digital Energy Tech Co Ltd
Priority date: 2024-06-28
Filing date: 2024-06-28
Publication date: 2025-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2044-06-28
Also published as: CN121531663A; CN121568353A; CN118748886A

Abstract

This invention discloses an electrical device and its heat dissipation method. The electrical device includes a housing, a heat dissipation structure, a first heating element, and a first cooling fan. The housing has a partition forming a protective cavity and a heat dissipation cavity suitable for airflow. The partition has an opening. The heat dissipation structure includes a liquid-cooled plate and a heat dissipation section. The liquid-cooled plate closes the opening to make the protective cavity relatively sealed. The liquid-cooled plate has a first heat dissipation surface and a second heat dissipation surface. The heat dissipation section protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface and extends into the heat dissipation cavity through the opening. The first heating element is placed inside the protective cavity and adheres to the first heat dissipation surface, corresponding to the position of the heat dissipation section. The first cooling fan is placed inside the heat dissipation cavity. The heat dissipation method uses the above-described electrical device and can achieve liquid cooling and/or air cooling according to temperature changes. This application offers diverse heat dissipation methods.

Description

Electrical equipment and heat dissipation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of heat dissipation of electrical equipment, in particular to electrical equipment and a heat dissipation method thereof.

Background

The existing inverter generally comprises an input/output module, an IGBT power module and a reactor module, wherein the IGBT power module is large in heating value and low in temperature resistance, an independent radiator is generally arranged for radiating heat, in general, the IGBT power module and the input/output module are arranged in an independent airtight cavity, an independent heat radiation fan is arranged in the airtight cavity to realize internal circulation heat radiation of the airtight cavity, and the reactor module and the radiator for radiating heat of the IGBT module are arranged outside the cavity and realize external circulation heat radiation through the heat radiation fan. The heat exchange area of the inner circulation heat dissipation of the closed cavity needs to have enough turbulent flow space and wall surface, the required space is large, the power density is low, and the heat in the closed cavity is blown to the inner surface of the case for heat exchange only by the inner turbulent flow fan, and the heat exchange is carried out between the outer surface of the case and the external environment, so that the heat exchange efficiency is low, the temperature rise is difficult to solve, and the service life of the device is low. In addition, the air cooling heat dissipation mode is single.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects or problems in the prior art and provide an electric device and a heat dissipation method thereof, wherein the heat dissipation method is diversified and has high heat dissipation efficiency.

To achieve the above object, the present invention and its preferred embodiments adopt the following technical solutions but the embodiments are not limited to the following solutions:

The technical scheme I and the related embodiment thereof provide electrical equipment, which comprises a shell, a heat dissipation structure and a first heat dissipation fan, wherein a baffle plate extending along the X-axis direction is arranged in the shell to form a protection cavity and a heat dissipation cavity suitable for passing wind in the Z-axis direction, an opening is formed in the baffle plate, the heat dissipation structure comprises a liquid cooling plate and a heat dissipation part, the liquid cooling plate seals the opening to enable the protection cavity to be relatively airtight, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a first heat dissipation surface facing the protection cavity and a second heat dissipation surface facing the heat dissipation cavity, the heat dissipation part protrudes out of the second heat dissipation surface along the Z-axis direction and penetrates through the opening to extend into the heat dissipation cavity, the heat dissipation part comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fins extending along the X-axis direction and distributed at intervals along the Y-axis direction, the first heat dissipation part is arranged in the protection cavity and attached to the first heat dissipation surface and corresponds to the position of the heat dissipation part, and the first heat dissipation fan is arranged in the heat dissipation cavity and drives wind flow to pass through the heat dissipation part along the X-axis direction.

Based on the first technical scheme, the heat dissipation structure is further provided with a second technical scheme, the heat dissipation structure further comprises a second heating element, the second heating element protrudes from a second heat dissipation surface of the liquid cooling plate in the Z-axis direction and penetrates through the opening to extend into the heat dissipation cavity, the heat dissipation structure comprises a body for accommodating the second heating element and a plurality of fins protruding from the body in the Y-axis direction, each fin extends in the X-axis direction and is arranged at intervals in the Z-axis direction, and the first heat dissipation fan is further suitable for driving wind flow to pass through the heat dissipation device in the X-axis direction.

Based on the second technical scheme, a third technical scheme is further provided, and in the third technical scheme and related embodiments thereof, the radiator further comprises a third heating element, wherein the third heating element is arranged in the protection cavity and is attached to the first radiating surface, and the third heating element corresponds to the radiator in position.

Based on the third technical scheme, the four technical schemes and related embodiments thereof are further provided, the number of the second heating elements is consistent with that of the radiators and at least two, the second heating elements are installed in the bodies in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the radiators are distributed at intervals along the Y-axis direction and the radiating parts are distributed at intervals along the X-axis direction, a first air inlet and a second air inlet are distributed on one side of the radiating cavity along the X-axis direction along the Y-axis direction, a first air outlet and a second air outlet are distributed on the other side of the radiating cavity along the Z-axis direction, the first air outlet is closer to the partition plate than the second air outlet, the first air inlet is communicated with the first air outlet to form a first air channel, the second air inlet is communicated with the second air outlet to form a second air channel, the radiating parts are located in the first air channel, and the radiators are located in the second air channel.

Based on the fourth technical scheme, a fifth technical scheme and related embodiments thereof are provided, a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber are arranged in the heat dissipation cavity, the first chamber is located on one side of the second chamber and the third chamber along the X-axis direction, a first ventilation opening is formed on one side of the second chamber and the third chamber, which is far away from the second chamber, a second ventilation opening and a third ventilation opening are respectively formed on one side of the second chamber and the third chamber, which is distributed along the Z-axis direction, the second heat dissipation surface of the liquid cooling plate forms the top wall of the first chamber and the top wall of the second chamber, the first chamber is provided with compartments with the same number of radiators along the Y-axis direction, the radiators are distributed in each compartment in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the air passing intervals are arranged between the adjacent compartments, the air passing intervals are communicated with the second chamber to form a first air channel, the first ventilation opening is formed on one side of the first ventilation opening, the second ventilation opening is communicated with the third chamber along the X-axis direction, the compartments are communicated with the third chamber to form a second air channel along the X-axis direction, the second heat dissipation surface of the liquid cooling plate forms the top wall of the first air outlet, the second chamber is formed on the second air channel, the second heat dissipation surface corresponds to the second air opening is formed on the second air opening, and passes through the second ventilation opening part corresponds to the second ventilation opening.

Based on the fifth technical scheme, a sixth technical scheme is further provided, in the sixth technical scheme and related embodiments, the second chamber and the third chamber are separated by a first air deflector parallel to the liquid cooling plate, the first air deflector is abutted against the free ends of the cooling fins, a second air deflector is arranged between the compartment and the third chamber, the second air deflector inclines from the liquid cooling plate to the first air deflector along the direction away from the compartment, a third air deflector is arranged between the over-wind interval and the second chamber, the third air deflector inclines from the bottom wall of the first chamber to the first air deflector along the direction away from the over-wind interval, and the fins are distributed on two sides of the body along the Y-axis direction and are abutted against the side walls of the compartment.

Based on any one of the third to sixth technical schemes, a seventh technical scheme is further provided, the heat dissipation structure further comprises a second heat dissipation fan arranged in the protection cavity, the heat dissipation structure further comprises a heat exchange part protruding out of the first heat dissipation surface, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the heat exchange part is provided with a cooling liquid flow channel communicated with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and the second heat dissipation fan is arranged in the protection cavity and is suitable for forming circulating air flow passing through the heat exchange part, the first heating piece and the third heating piece.

Based on the seventh technical scheme, a eighth technical scheme is further provided, in the eighth technical scheme and related embodiments, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are communicated by an independent liquid cooling pipe, the liquid cooling pipe penetrates through a part of each heat exchange part to form the cooling liquid flow channel, the heat exchange part comprises a plurality of radiating fins protruding out of the first radiating surface along the Z-axis direction and extending along the X-axis direction and distributed at intervals along the Y-axis direction, the liquid cooling pipe penetrates through each radiating fin at least partially along the Y-axis direction, and the axis of the second radiating fan extends along the X-axis direction.

Based on the technical scheme eight, the cooling pipe is further provided with a wind shielding piece, the second heat dissipation fan and the heat exchange portion are opposite to each other along the X-axis direction and are communicated through the wind shielding piece to form an air channel, the third heat generation piece and the first heat generation piece are respectively located on two sides of the heat exchange portion along the X-axis direction, the heat generation amount of the second heat generation piece is larger than that of the third heat generation piece and smaller than that of the first heat generation piece, the liquid cooling pipe is provided with a first heat dissipation section for dissipating heat of the first heat generation piece and a second heat dissipation section for dissipating heat of the second heat generation piece and the third heat generation piece, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the cooling liquid flow channel are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet end and the liquid inlet end of the first heat dissipation section, and the liquid outlet end of the second heat dissipation section are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet end and the liquid outlet end of the first heat dissipation section.

Based on the technical scheme nine, a technical scheme ten is further provided, in the technical scheme ten and related embodiments thereof, the first heating element comprises a power plate and a power element carried on the power plate, the third heating element comprises an input and output plate and an input and output electric element carried on the input and output plate, the input and output plate and the power plate are carried on the first radiating surface and form an interval with the first radiating surface along the Z-axis direction, the wind flow of the second radiating fan is suitable for passing through the two surfaces of the input and output plate and the power plate along the Z-axis direction, the power element is attached to the first radiating surface and is located between the power plate and the first radiating surface, the liquid cooling tube is provided with a liquid inlet section and a liquid outlet section extending along the X-axis direction, and the liquid inlet section and the liquid outlet section extend between the input and output plate and the first radiating surface and extend out of the shell.

An eleventh technical solution and related embodiments provide a heat dissipation method for an electrical device, where the electrical device is as described in any one of the first to ninth technical solutions, and the heat dissipation method includes controlling the electrical device to dissipate heat by air cooling when an external temperature is lower than a first set value or a temperature in a protection cavity is lower than a second set value, and controlling the electrical device to dissipate heat by air cooling and liquid cooling when the external temperature is higher than a third set value and the temperature in the protection cavity is higher than a fourth set value.

As can be seen from the above description of the present invention and the preferred embodiments thereof, compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention and the preferred embodiments thereof have the following beneficial effects due to the following technical means:

The applicant can be seen from continuous observation, experiments and researches that, in the prior art scheme, the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency, low power density and single heat dissipation mode of the existing inverter are caused, because the existing inverter adopts air cooling heat dissipation, the sealed cavity mainly dissipates heat through a turbulent fan and heat radiation, a larger turbulent space and heat exchange area are needed, the power density is low, and the heat dissipation efficiency is poor.

In a first aspect and a preferred embodiment thereof, the liquid cooling plate in the present aspect is a liquid cooling plate with heat conduction, which can transfer the heat of the first heating element to the heat dissipation portion located at the other side of the liquid cooling plate. The protection intracavity is arranged in to first piece that generates heat, because the protection chamber is airtight relatively, and the protection nature of first piece that generates heat is good, and this technical scheme's advantage lies in the diversification of heat dissipation mode, and specifically, the radiating part protrusion is in the second cooling surface of liquid cooling board and stretches into the heat dissipation chamber, therefore the heat of first piece that generates heat both can be taken away through the forced air cooling by the radiating part, can take away through the liquid cooling by the liquid cooling board again, and similarly, the heat of liquid cooling board (mainly the heat of second cooling surface) can be taken away through the forced air cooling by first cooling fan, and the heat of radiating part still can be transmitted to the liquid cooling board and take away by the coolant liquid of liquid cooling board, and consequently liquid cooling board and radiating part can form synergistic effect, realize high-efficient heat dissipation. In practical application, the technical scheme has diversified heat dissipation modes, so that conditions can be provided for implementing the diversified heat dissipation modes (liquid cooling and/or air cooling), for example, when the temperature in the protection cavity is low or the external temperature is low, the liquid cooling can be closed to dissipate heat only through air cooling, the liquid cooling plate is not required to be cooled in the heat dissipation mode, the energy consumption is low, when the temperature in the protection cavity is high and the external temperature is high, the liquid cooling and the air cooling are synchronously started to ensure the normal operation of the first heating element, or when the external temperature is moderate, the liquid cooling is only started to dissipate heat. Therefore, the technical scheme of the application not only can ensure the protection performance of the first heating element, but also can diversify the heat dissipation modes, so that the heat dissipation efficiency can be ensured and the energy consumption can be reduced as much as possible by switching among a plurality of heat dissipation modes according to the change of the external environment temperature and the operation implementation of the electric equipment.

In the second technical scheme and the preferred embodiment thereof, the radiator protrudes from the second radiating surface of the liquid cooling plate and stretches into the radiating cavity, the radiator comprises a body for accommodating the second heating element and a plurality of fins protruding from the body along the Y-axis direction, heat of the second heating element can be transferred to the fins through the body and taken away by wind flow of the first radiating fan, heat of the second heating element can be transferred to the liquid cooling plate and taken away by cooling liquid of the liquid cooling plate, a synergistic effect can be formed between the liquid cooling plate and the radiator, high-efficiency heat dissipation of the second heating element is achieved, compared with the fact that the second heating element is also arranged in the protection cavity, the length of electrical equipment along the X-axis direction can be reduced, and therefore application scenes are wider, and in practical application, the second heating element can be an electrical element with lower protection property compared with the first heating element.

In the third technical scheme and the preferred embodiment thereof, the third heating element is attached to the first radiating surface and corresponds to the position of the second heating element, so that heat of the third heating element can be taken away by the liquid cooling plate through cooling liquid, and can be transferred to and taken away by the radiator, so that the third heating element has higher radiating efficiency in either a liquid cooling only radiating mode or an air cooling only radiating mode or a radiating mode combining air cooling and liquid cooling. In practical application, the first heating element, the second heating element and the third heating element can be arranged on the heat dissipation structure in advance, so that the modular installation is facilitated, and the field installation difficulty is reduced.

In the fourth technical scheme and the preferred embodiment thereof, the second heating elements are arranged in the bodies in a one-to-one correspondence manner, namely, each second heating element is correspondingly provided with a radiator, so that the radiating efficiency is high, and the radiators are distributed at intervals along the Y-axis direction and the radiating parts are distributed at intervals along the X-axis direction, so that the occupied area of the whole electrical equipment in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is small, and the air duct is formed. The arrangement of the first air duct and the second air duct enables the wind flow directions of the radiator and the radiating part to be independent of each other and not interfere with each other, so that heat accumulation caused by an upstream hot air flow direction downstream to-be-radiated structure due to arrangement of the radiator and the radiating part along the X-axis direction is avoided as much as possible, and radiating efficiency is high.

In the fifth technical scheme and the preferred embodiment thereof, the arrangement of the structure in the heat dissipation cavity enables each compartment to be communicated with the third cavity to form a first air channel, each air passing interval is communicated with the second cavity to form a second air channel, the structure is simple and ingenious, the two air channels are independent, the radiators are distributed in each compartment in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the heat dissipation part is located in the second cavity, the heat dissipation part is further enabled to achieve efficient heat dissipation of the radiators and the heat dissipation part on the premise that occupied areas of the whole electrical equipment in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are small, and therefore efficient heat dissipation of the first heating piece and the second heating piece is achieved, the third heating piece corresponds to the position of the first cavity, therefore, air flow flowing through the whole first cavity can be the third heating piece to dissipate heat, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the third heating piece is high.

In the sixth technical scheme and the preferred embodiment thereof, the arrangement of the first air deflector, the second air deflector and the third air deflector is beneficial to realizing that all the air passing intervals are communicated with the second chamber along the X-axis direction, all the compartments are communicated with the third chamber along the X-axis direction, and the air resistance is small, wherein the first air deflector is abutted against the free end of each radiating fin, and compared with the scheme that the air passing intervals are formed between the free ends of the radiating fins and the first air deflector, the air speed is faster, and the heat dissipation efficiency is higher. Each fin distributes in the body along the both sides of Y axle direction and the lateral wall of butt compartment, then has further guaranteed that the wind flow is complete through the surface of fin, compares in the scheme that forms the interval between fin and the lateral wall of compartment, and the wind speed is faster, and radiating efficiency is higher.

In the seventh and preferred embodiments of the present application, since the heat exchange portion is provided with the cooling liquid flow channel communicating the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, the circulating air flow formed by the heat dissipation fan passes through the heat exchange portion, so that the heat exchange portion can exchange heat with the liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate can take away heat of the heat exchange portion, thereby reducing temperature of the heat exchange portion, conversely, the heat exchange portion can also take away heat of the surface (mainly the first heat dissipation surface) of the liquid cooling plate, since the heat exchange portion is provided with the cooling liquid flow channel communicating the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, compared with the heat exchange portion which is only attached to the liquid cooling plate, the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling plate is introduced into the heat exchange portion, thereby enhancing heat dissipation effect of the heat exchange portion, therefore, the circulating air flow formed by the heat dissipation fan is lower in temperature after passing through the heat exchange portion, the heat dissipation effect of the first heat generation piece and the third heat generation piece is better, since the liquid cooling effect of the liquid cooling plate is indirectly introduced into the protection cavity through the heat exchange portion by the technical scheme, the whole protection cavity has higher heat dissipation efficiency, the protection cavity in the whole protection cavity is not only outward through heat radiation, space and wall heat dissipation area required by the fan are reduced, and the heat dissipation area required by the fan is reduced, and the heat dissipation density is greatly reduced, and the heat dissipation quantity is greatly reduced. Therefore, the power conversion equipment has high power density, strong protection, low noise and high heat dissipation efficiency.

According to the technical scheme eight and the preferred embodiment thereof, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate are communicated by the independent liquid cooling pipe, and the liquid cooling pipe penetrates through the part of each heat exchange part to form a cooling liquid flow passage, so that on one hand, the problem of liquid leakage caused by the communication between the cooling liquid flow passage of the heat exchange part and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet in other modes (such as parallel connection and independent pipeline and liquid cooling plate welding) is avoided, potential safety hazards possibly existing in a sealed protection cavity are avoided, and on the other hand, compared with other connection modes, the serial connection mode does not need to be provided with redundant adapter, and therefore the occupied space of the heat exchange part in the protection cavity is smaller, and the layout of heating pieces in the protection cavity is facilitated. The heat exchange part is easy to process, low in cost and small in space occupation in the protection cavity, the liquid cooling pipe at least partially penetrates through each radiating fin along the Y-axis direction, a wind-liquid heat exchange structure is formed by being matched with each radiating fin conveniently, processing is convenient and fast, full contact between a cooling liquid flow channel and each radiating fin is guaranteed, heat exchange efficiency is high, the axis of the second radiating fan extends along the X-axis direction, wind resistance is small, and temperature of circulating wind flow passing through the heat exchange part is guaranteed to be low.

In the ninth technical scheme and the preferred embodiment thereof, the second heat dissipation fan and the heat exchange part are opposite to each other along the X-axis direction and are communicated through the wind shielding member to form an air passage, so that the air flow sent out by the second heat dissipation fan is circulating air flow after fully exchanging heat with the heat exchange part, the temperature is lower, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, and the first heat generation member and the third heat generation member are respectively positioned at two sides of the heat exchange part along the X-axis direction, so that the circulating air flow is easier to pass through the surfaces of the first heat generation member and the third heat generation member, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high. The second heat dissipation fan and the heat exchange part are opposite to each other, the wind resistance is small, the air outlet efficiency is high, the air duct is easy to set, the occupied area of the wind shielding part is small, and the layout of the first heating part and the third heating part is facilitated.

The heat productivity of the second heating element is greater than that of the third heating element and is less than that of the first heating element, and in the technical scheme, the cooling liquid flows into the heat exchanging part from the liquid inlet, flows through the first heating element and flows to the liquid outlet after flowing through the third heating element, so that the rapid heat dissipation of the liquid cooling of the first heating element is ensured, the air flow is obviously cooled after flowing through the wind-liquid heat exchanging part, the heat dissipation of the first heating element and the heat dissipation of the third heating element are more balanced, and the heat dissipation of the first heating element, the second heating element and the heat dissipation of the third heating element are more balanced.

In the technical scheme ten and the preferred embodiment thereof, the power element is attached to the liquid cooling plate, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is high, and the service life of the power element is prolonged, wherein an electric part of the power module, which is positioned on one side of the power plate, which is away from the power element, mainly dissipates heat through the circulating air flow of the second heat dissipation fan, and the air flow of the second heat dissipation fan is suitable for passing through two surfaces of the power plate along the Z-axis direction, so that the two surfaces of the power plate and the power element can dissipate heat through the circulating air flow of the heat dissipation fan, and the heat dissipation efficiency is further improved. The input/output plate and the first radiating surface form an interval along the Z-axis direction, so that circulating air flow formed by the second radiating fan easily passes through the two surfaces of the input/output plate along the Z-axis direction, and the radiating effect of the third heating element is further improved. This advantage is more pronounced in electrical devices that use only air-cooled heat dissipation or air-liquid combined heat dissipation.

The liquid inlet section and the liquid outlet section extend between the input and output plate and the first radiating surface and extend out of the shell, so that connection operation or maintenance operation is conducted on electrical equipment at one end of the shell along the X-axis direction, convenience is improved, the liquid inlet section and the liquid outlet section are arranged in such a way to occupy space in the Z-axis direction, and space utilization is high.

The eleventh technical advantage is achieved by any one of the first to tenth technical means.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments below are briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 in the direction B-B;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation structure according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram of a heat dissipation structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a housing of a hidden protective cavity portion of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a housing with a hidden heat dissipation chamber for an electrical device according to the present embodiment;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an air duct board in a heat dissipation cavity in this embodiment.

The main reference numerals illustrate:

The heat exchanger comprises a shell 10, a partition plate 11, an opening 111, a protection cavity 01, a heat dissipation cavity 02, a liquid cooling plate 20, a plate body 21, a cooling liquid channel 211, a liquid cooling pipe 22, a liquid inlet section 221, a liquid outlet section 222, a heat exchange section 223, a first heat dissipation section 224, a second heat dissipation section 225, a first heat dissipation surface 23, a second heat dissipation surface 24, a liquid inlet 03, a liquid outlet 04, a heat dissipation part 30, heat dissipation fins 31, a heat radiator 40, a body 41, fins 42, a heat exchange part 50, heat dissipation blades 51, a first heating element 60, a power plate 61, a power element 62, an electric element 63, a second heating element 70, a third heating element 80, an input/output plate 81, an input/output electric element 82, a first heat dissipation fan 91, a second heat dissipation fan 92, a wind shielding element 100, a wind shielding wall 101, a wind outlet 102, a wind passage 05, a first chamber 06, a compartment 061, a wind passing interval 062, a first ventilation opening 063, a second chamber 07, a second ventilation opening 071, a third chamber 08, a third wind shielding plate 081, a first wind guiding plate 021, a second wind guiding plate 022, a third wind guiding plate 023.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the invention and should not be taken as excluding other embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts, are within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the claims, specification and drawings hereof, unless explicitly defined otherwise, the terms "first," "second," or "third," etc. are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order.

In the claims, specification and drawings of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, references to orientation or positional relationship such as the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings and are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, nor should it be construed as limiting the particular scope of the invention.

In the claims, specification and drawings of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, the term "fixedly connected" or "fixedly connected" should be construed broadly, i.e. any connection between them without a displacement relationship or a relative rotation relationship, that is to say includes non-detachably fixedly connected, integrally connected and fixedly connected by other means or elements.

In the claims, specification and drawings of the present invention, the terms "comprising," having, "and variations thereof as used herein, are intended to be" including but not limited to.

In the claims and the specification excluding the embodiments, the terms "X-axis direction", "Y-axis direction", and "Z-axis direction" merely mean that features having one of the above directions and features having the other direction are perpendicular to each other, and do not require that they must be implemented as "X-axis direction", "Y-axis direction", and "Z-axis direction" described in the embodiments. In an embodiment, the X-axis direction is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction and also perpendicular to the Z-axis direction. Wherein, the X-axis direction can be divided into left and right, the Y-axis direction can be divided into front and back, and the Z-axis direction can be divided into upper and lower.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, fig. 1 to 10 show an electrical apparatus including a housing 10, a heat radiation structure, a first heat generating member 60, a second heat generating member 70, a third heat generating member 80, a first heat radiation fan 91, a second heat radiation fan 92, and a wind shielding member 100.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the casing 10 is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the length direction thereof is in the X-axis direction, the width direction thereof is in the Y-axis direction, the height direction thereof is in the Z-axis direction, the casing 10 is internally provided with a partition plate 11 extending along the X-axis direction to form a protection cavity 01 and a heat dissipation cavity 02 which are arranged along the Z-axis direction in the casing 10, the partition plate 11 is provided with an opening 111, and in fig. 3 to 4, the partition plate 11 is provided with two openings 111 along the X-axis direction.

The heat dissipation structure includes a liquid cooling plate 20, a heat dissipation portion 30 and a heat radiator 40, wherein the liquid cooling plate 20 closes the opening 111 to enable the protection cavity 01 to be relatively airtight, in this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 20 is fixedly connected to the partition 11 and located in the protection cavity 01, the liquid cooling plate 20 is provided with a first heat dissipation surface 23 facing the protection cavity 01 and a second heat dissipation surface 24 facing the heat dissipation cavity 02, the heat dissipation portion 30 protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface 24 along the Z-axis direction and extends into the heat dissipation cavity 02 through one of the openings 111, the heat radiator comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fins 31 extending along the X-axis direction and distributed at intervals along the Y-axis direction, the heat radiator 40 protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface 24 of the liquid cooling plate 20 along the Z-axis direction and extends into the heat dissipation cavity 02 through the other opening 111, the heat radiator 40 comprises a body 41 for accommodating the second heat generating component 70 and a plurality of fins 42 protruding from the body 41 along the Y-axis direction, each fin 42 extends along the X-axis direction and is arranged at intervals along the Z-axis direction, and in fig. 7, each fin 42 is distributed on both sides along the Y-axis direction. In this embodiment, the number of the second heat generating elements 70 is identical to the number of the heat sinks 40, and at least two second heat generating elements 70 are installed in each body 41 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, wherein the body 41 has a rectangular structure, the top opening 111 is blocked by the liquid cooling plate 20, the bottom opening can be opened to form an opening for the second heat generating elements 70 to enter and exit, and the bottom opening is blocked after the second heat generating elements 70 are installed, and each heat sink 40 is arranged at intervals along the Y-axis direction and with the heat sink 30 along the X-axis direction, so that the occupied area of the whole electrical apparatus in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is small, and the air duct is formed.

The first heating element 60 is disposed in the protection cavity 01 and is attached to the first heat dissipating surface 23 corresponding to the position of the heat dissipating part 30, and the third heating element 80 is disposed in the protection cavity 01 and is attached to the first heat dissipating surface 23 corresponding to the position of each heat sink 40.

It should be understood that the liquid cooling plate 20 in this embodiment should be a liquid cooling plate 20 with heat conduction, which can transfer the heat of the first heat generating element 60 to the heat dissipating portion 30 located at the other side of the liquid cooling plate 20, and can also transfer the heat of the third heat generating element 80 to the heat sink 40 located at the other side of the liquid cooling plate 20. In this embodiment, the heat sink 30 and the heat sink 40 are welded to the liquid cooling plate 20.

Referring to fig. 3, a first heat radiation fan 91 is disposed in the heat radiation chamber 02 and drives the wind flow in the X-axis direction through the heat radiation portion 30 and each heat radiator 40. The second heat dissipation fan 92 is disposed in the protection cavity 01 and forms a circulating air flow through the first heat generating element 60 and the third heat generating element 80. In the present embodiment, the axes of the first heat dissipation fan 91 and the second heat dissipation fan 92 both extend in the X-axis direction.

Therefore, the first heat generating element 60, the second heat generating element 70 and the third heat generating element 80 can radiate heat through liquid cooling and/or air cooling, the first heat generating element 60 and the third heat generating element 80 are arranged in the protection cavity 01, and the protection performance of the first heat generating element 60 and the third heat generating element 80 is good due to the fact that the protection cavity 01 is relatively airtight.

The advantage of this embodiment is that the heat dissipation modes are diversified, specifically, the heat dissipation portion 30 protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface 24 of the liquid cooling plate 20 and extends into the heat dissipation cavity 02, so that the heat of the first heat generating element 60 can be taken away by the heat dissipation portion 30 through air cooling, can be taken away by the liquid cooling plate 20 through liquid cooling, can also be taken away by the second heat dissipation fan 92 through air cooling, and likewise, the heat of the second heat dissipation surface 24 of the heat of the liquid cooling plate 20 can be taken away by the first heat dissipation fan 91 through air cooling, the heat of the first heat dissipation surface 23 can be taken away by the second heat dissipation fan 92 through air cooling, and the heat of the heat dissipation portion 30 can be transferred to the liquid cooling plate 20 and taken away by the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling plate 20, so that the liquid cooling plate 20 and the heat dissipation portion 30 can form a synergistic effect to realize efficient heat dissipation. The third heat generating element 80 is attached to the first heat dissipating surface 23 and corresponds to the position of the radiator 40, so that heat of the third heat generating element 80 can be taken away by the liquid cooling plate 20 through the cooling liquid, transferred to the radiator 40 and taken away by the radiator 40, and also can be taken away by the second heat dissipating fan 92 through air cooling. The heat of the second heat generating element 70 can be transferred to the fin 42 through the body 41 and is taken away by the air flow of the first heat dissipation fan 91, the heat of the second heat generating element 70 can also be transferred to the liquid cooling plate 20 and is taken away by the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling plate 20, and the liquid cooling plate 20 and the radiator 40 can form a synergistic effect to realize the efficient heat dissipation of the second heat generating element 70, so that the first heat generating element 60, the second heat generating element 70 and the third heat generating element 80 have higher heat dissipation efficiency in the liquid cooling only heat dissipation mode, the air cooling only heat dissipation mode or the air cooling and liquid cooling combined heat dissipation mode. In addition, compared with the second heating element 70 also disposed in the protection cavity 01, the length of the electrical device along the X-axis direction can be reduced in the present embodiment, so that the application scenario is wider. The second heat generating elements 70 are installed in the main bodies 41 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, that is, each second heat generating element 70 is correspondingly provided with a radiator 40, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is high.

In practical application, the application has diversified heat dissipation modes, so that conditions can be provided for implementing diversified heat dissipation modes (liquid cooling and/or air cooling), for example, when the temperature in the protection cavity 01 is lower or the external temperature is lower, the liquid cooling can be closed to dissipate heat only through air cooling, under the heat dissipation mode, the liquid cooling plate 20 is not required to be cooled any more, the energy consumption is low, when the temperature in the protection cavity 01 is high and the external temperature is high, the liquid cooling and the air cooling are synchronously started to ensure the normal operation of each heating element, or when the external temperature is moderate, the liquid cooling is only started to dissipate heat. Therefore, the present embodiment not only can ensure the protection of the first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80, but also can diversify the heat dissipation modes, so that the heat dissipation efficiency can be ensured and the energy consumption can be reduced as much as possible by switching between the various heat dissipation modes according to the change of the external environment temperature and the operation implementation of the electrical equipment, and the heat dissipation of the protection cavity 01 can be realized by adopting liquid cooling, the protection cavity 01 does not radiate outwards only by heat radiation, the turbulence space and the wall heat exchange area required in the protection cavity 01 are reduced, and the power density is high. In practical application, the first heating element 60, the second heating element 70 and the third heating element 80 may be mounted on the heat dissipation structure in advance, which is beneficial to modular installation and reduces the difficulty of field installation.

The relatively closed protective chamber 01 will be described first.

Referring to fig. 6-7, the liquid cooling plate 20 is provided with a liquid inlet 03 and a liquid outlet 04, the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid outlet 04 are communicated by a single liquid cooling tube 22, in this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 20 includes a plate body 21 and a flow channel arranged on the plate body 21, a first heat dissipation surface 23 and a second heat dissipation surface 24 are respectively located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate body 21, the flow channel is communicated with the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid outlet 04, specifically, the plate body 21 is provided with a cooling liquid channel 211 with an upward opening 111, the liquid cooling tube 22 is laid in the cooling liquid channel 211 and also partially suspended in the plate body 21, one side of the liquid cooling tube 22 along the X axis direction is provided with a liquid inlet section 221 and a liquid outlet section 222 extending along the X axis direction, and the liquid inlet section 221 and the liquid outlet section 222 extend along the X axis direction to penetrate through the protection cavity 01 and form the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid outlet 04. In practical applications, the liquid cooling tube 22 is a copper tube or other metal tube.

Referring to fig. 6, the heat dissipation structure further includes a heat exchange portion 50 protruding from the first heat dissipation surface 23, the heat exchange portion 50 is provided with a cooling liquid flow channel communicating the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid outlet 04, wherein a portion of the liquid cooling tube 22 penetrating through each heat exchange portion 50 forms the cooling liquid flow channel, the heat exchange portion 50 includes a plurality of heat dissipation blades 51 protruding from the first heat dissipation surface 23 along the Z-axis direction and extending along the X-axis direction and being distributed at intervals along the Y-axis direction, an air passage passing through air in the X-axis direction is formed between adjacent heat dissipation blades 51, and the liquid cooling tube 22 penetrates through each heat dissipation blade 51 at least partially along the Y-axis direction. The heat exchange part 50 and the liquid cooling plate 20 can be synchronously processed, the cost is low, the space occupation in the protection cavity 01 is small, the liquid cooling pipe 22 at least partially penetrates through each heat radiating blade 51 along the Y-axis direction, so that the liquid cooling pipe is convenient to form a wind-liquid heat exchange structure in cooperation with each heat radiating blade 51, the processing is convenient, the full contact between a cooling liquid runner and each heat radiating blade 51 is ensured, and the heat exchange efficiency is high. In this embodiment, the liquid cooling tube 22 includes a plurality of heat exchange sections 223 extending along the Y-axis direction, and each heat exchange section 223 extends along the Y-axis direction and is arranged at intervals along the Z-axis direction, so that the length of the cooling liquid flow channel is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling liquid flow channel and each heat exchange plate is further improved.

It should be appreciated that in other embodiments, the flow channels of the liquid cooling plate 20 may be formed by a stamping process without providing a separate liquid cooling tube 22, and the cooling liquid flow channels of the heat exchanging portion 50 may be connected in parallel with the flow channels of the liquid cooling plate 20 through a connection tube. In comparison, the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid outlet 04 of the liquid cooling plate 20 are communicated by the separate liquid cooling pipes 22, and the liquid cooling pipes 22 penetrate through the parts of the heat exchange portions 50 to form cooling liquid flow passages, so that on one hand, the problem of liquid leakage caused by the fact that the cooling liquid flow passages of the heat exchange portions 50 are communicated with the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid outlet 04 in other modes (such as parallel connection and welding of the separate pipelines and the liquid cooling plate 20) is avoided, potential safety hazards possibly existing in the sealed protection cavity 01 are avoided, and on the other hand, compared with other connecting modes, the serial connection mode does not need to be provided with redundant adapter, and therefore the occupied space of the heat exchange portions 50 in the protection cavity 01 is smaller, and the layout of heating elements in the protection cavity 01 is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 3, the third heat generating element 80 and the first heat generating element 60 are respectively located at two sides of the heat exchanging portion 50 along the X axis direction, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency in the protection cavity 01, the second heat dissipation fan 92 and the heat exchanging portion 50 are opposite to each other along the X axis direction and are communicated through the wind shielding element 100 to form the air passage 05, specifically, referring to fig. 3-5 and 8, the wind shielding element 100 is box-shaped, the wind shielding element 100 is covered outside the heat exchanging portion 50 and is abutted with one side (top side) of each heat dissipation blade 51 facing away from the first heat dissipation surface 23, a space is formed between the wind shielding wall 101 and each heat dissipation blade 51 along the Y axis direction, one side along the X axis is provided with a wind shielding wall 101 opposite to each heat dissipation blade 51 along the X axis direction and perpendicular to the X axis direction, in this embodiment, the wind shielding wall 101 is perpendicular to the X axis direction, the second heat dissipation fan 92 is embedded in the wind shielding wall 101, and the air passage 05 is formed between the wind shielding wall 101 and each heat dissipation blade 51. The second heat dissipation fan 92 and the heat exchange portion 50 are opposite to each other, so that the wind resistance is small, the wind outlet efficiency is high, the wind channel 05 is easy to be arranged, the occupied area of the wind channel 05 is small, and the layout of the first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80 is facilitated. The wind shielding member 100 is arranged to enable the wind sent out by the second heat dissipation fan 92 to originate from each air passing channel of the heat exchange part 50 and the gap between the heat exchange part 50 and the wind shielding member 100, so that the wind resistance is small, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the circulating wind flow to the first heat generation member 60 and the third heat generation member 80 is improved, wherein the second heat dissipation fan 92 is embedded on the wind shielding wall 101, the installation is convenient, the occupied area is small, and the layout of the first heat generation member 60 and the third heat generation member 80 is facilitated. In this embodiment, the second heat dissipation fan 92 is close to the third heat generating element 80 and is an air extraction fan.

In this embodiment, the heat generation amount of the second heat generating element 70 is larger than that of the third heat generating element 80 and smaller than that of the first heat generating element 60, in order to achieve heat dissipation balance between the first heat generating element 60 and the third heat generating element 80, referring to fig. 6, the liquid cooling tube 22 is provided with a first heat dissipation section 224 for dissipating heat of the first heat generating element 60 and a second heat dissipation section 225 for dissipating heat of the second heat generating element 70 and the third heat generating element 80, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the cooling liquid flow channel are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid inlet end of the first heat dissipation section 224, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the second heat dissipation section 225 are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet end and the liquid outlet 04 of the first heat dissipation section 224. Therefore, the cooling liquid flows in from the liquid inlet 03, then passes through the heat exchange part 50, then passes through the first heating element 60, and then passes through the third heating element 80 and the second heating element 70, and then flows to the liquid outlet 04, so that the rapid heat dissipation of the liquid cooling of the first heating element 60 is ensured, the air flow is obviously cooled after passing through the air-liquid heat exchange part 50, the heat dissipation of the first heating element 60 and the third heating element 80 is more balanced, and the heat dissipation of the first heating element 60, the second heating element 70 and the third heating element 80 is more balanced.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3-5 and 8, the first heat generating element 60 is a power module, the second heat generating element 70 is a reactor, the third heat generating element 80 is an input/output module, and the power module is electrically connected to both the input/output module and the reactor. The power module comprises a power plate 61 and a power element 62 carried on the power plate 61, wherein the power plate 61 is carried on the first heat dissipation surface 23 and forms an interval with the first heat dissipation surface 23 along the Z-axis direction, the power element 62 is attached to the first heat dissipation surface 23 and is positioned in the power plate 61 and the first heat dissipation surface 23, and the wind flow of the second heat dissipation fan 92 is suitable for passing through the two surfaces of the power plate 61 along the Z-axis direction. The power element 62 is attached to the liquid cooling plate 20, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is high, and the service life of the power element 62 is prolonged, wherein the electric component 63 of the power module, which is positioned on one side of the power plate 61 away from the power element 62, mainly dissipates heat through the circulating air flow of the second heat dissipation fan 92, and the air flow of the second heat dissipation fan 92 is suitable for passing through two surfaces of the power plate 61 along the Z-axis direction, so that the two surfaces of the power plate 61 and the power element 62 can dissipate heat through the circulating air flow of the second heat dissipation fan 92, and the heat dissipation efficiency is further improved.

The reactor is accommodated in the body 41 through a through hole at the bottom of the body 41 of the radiator 40, and in a specific implementation, the reactor is encapsulated in the body 41.

The input/output module includes an input/output board 81 and an input/output electrical component 82 carried on the input/output board 81, and a space is formed between the input/output board 81 and the first heat dissipation surface 23 along the Z-axis direction. The air flow of the second heat dissipation fan 92 is suitable for passing through the two surfaces of the input/output plate 81 along the Z-axis direction, and the liquid inlet section 221 and the liquid outlet section 222 extend from the input/output plate 81 and the first heat dissipation surface 23 and extend out of the casing 10. Therefore, the air flow of the second heat dissipation fan 92 is suitable for passing through the two surfaces of the input/output board 81 along the Z-axis direction, so that the two surfaces of the input/output board 81 can dissipate heat through the circulating air flow of the second heat dissipation fan 92, and the heat dissipation efficiency is further improved. This advantage is more pronounced in electrical devices that use only air-cooled heat dissipation or air-liquid combined heat dissipation.

The heat dissipation advantage in the protection cavity 01 in this embodiment is that the heat exchange portion 50 is disposed, because the heat exchange portion 50 is provided with the cooling liquid flow channel communicating the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid outlet 04, the circulating air flow formed by the second heat dissipation fan 92 passes through the heat exchange portion 50, so that the heat exchange portion 50 can exchange heat with the liquid cooling plate 20, the liquid cooling plate 20 can take away the heat of the heat exchange portion 50 to reduce the temperature of the heat exchange portion 50, conversely, the heat exchange portion 50 can also take away the heat of the surface of the liquid cooling plate 20, because the heat exchange portion 50 is provided with the cooling liquid flow channel communicating the liquid inlet 03 and the liquid outlet 04, compared with the case that the heat exchange portion 50 is only attached to the liquid cooling plate 20, the embodiment introduces the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling plate 20 into the heat exchange portion 50, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the heat exchange portion 50, therefore, the heat dissipation effect of the circulating air flow formed by the second heat dissipation fan 92 is lower, the heat dissipation effect of the first heat generating element 60 and the third heat generating element 80 is better, because the liquid cooling effect of the liquid cooling plate 20 is indirectly introduced into the protection cavity 01 through the heat exchange portion 50, the whole protection cavity 01 has higher heat dissipation efficiency, the heat dissipation efficiency in the protection cavity 10 is not required by the heat dissipation surface, the heat dissipation area is reduced, and the heat dissipation area is reduced. Therefore, the power conversion equipment disclosed by the application has the advantages of high power density, strong protection, low noise and high heat dissipation efficiency after adopting a liquid cooling mode to dissipate heat.

Next, air cooling heat dissipation in the heat dissipation chamber 02 will be described, and since each heat sink 40 and the heat dissipation portion 30 are disposed along the X-axis direction, the axis of the first heat dissipation fan 91 extends along the X-axis direction and is located at one side of the heat dissipation chamber 02 along the X-axis direction, so that in practical application, it is easy for the upstream hot air to flow to the downstream heat sink 40 or the heat dissipation portion 30. In this embodiment, one side of the heat dissipation cavity 02 along the X axis direction is provided with an air inlet, the other side is provided with an air outlet, and the first heat dissipation fan 91 is installed at the air inlet and is an air supply fan.

The advantages of this embodiment are improved from the structure in the heat dissipation cavity 02, specifically, a first air inlet and a second air inlet are arranged on one side of the heat dissipation cavity 02 along the X axis direction along the Y axis direction, a first air outlet and a second air outlet are arranged on the other side of the heat dissipation cavity 02 along the Z axis direction, the first air outlet is closer to the partition 11 than the second air outlet, it should be understood that the first air inlet and the second air inlet are close to the air inlet of the whole heat dissipation cavity 02, but still have a certain interval with the air inlet along the X axis direction, the first air outlet and the second air outlet form an air outlet of the whole heat dissipation cavity 02, and it should be understood that in the embodiment in which the first heat dissipation fan 91 is an air suction fan, the first heat dissipation fan 91 is arranged at the air outlet, and the first air inlet and the second air inlet may form the air inlet of the heat dissipation cavity 02. The first air inlet and the first air outlet are communicated to form a first air channel, the second air inlet and the second air outlet are communicated to form a second air channel, the heat dissipation part 30 is located in the first air channel, and the heat sinks 40 are located in the second air channel.

Referring to fig. 3-4 and fig. 9-10, a first chamber 06, a second chamber 07 and a third chamber 08 are arranged in the heat dissipation cavity 02, the first chamber 06 is located on one side of the second chamber 07 and the third chamber 08 along the X-axis direction, a first ventilation opening 063 is arranged on one side of the second chamber 07 and the third chamber 08, which is far away from the second chamber 07 and the third chamber 08, a second ventilation opening 071 and a third ventilation opening 081 are respectively arranged on one side of the second chamber 07 and the third chamber 08, a second heat dissipation surface 24 of the liquid cooling plate 20 forms a top wall of the first chamber 06 and a top wall of the second chamber 07, the first chamber 06 is provided with compartments 061 with the same number as the radiators 40 along the Y-axis direction, the radiators 40 are distributed in the compartments 061 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the adjacent compartments 061 are provided with ventilation spaces 062, the second chamber 07 is communicated with the X-axis direction to form a first air channel, the first ventilation opening 063 is formed by the first ventilation opening corresponding to the first ventilation opening 062, the second ventilation opening 071 forms a first air inlet, the second air outlet 071 forms a first air outlet, the first air outlet is formed by the second ventilation opening 061 is formed by the second ventilation opening corresponding to the first ventilation opening 063, the second ventilation opening is formed by the second ventilation opening 061 along the X-axis direction, the second ventilation opening is formed by the second ventilation opening is communicated with the second chamber 08, the second ventilation opening is formed by the second ventilation opening through the second chamber through the space, and the air space is arranged along the second space is opposite to the air, and is formed by the air through the air.

In practical application, the compartments 061 and the air passing spaces 062 extend along the X-axis direction, the compartments 061 are formed by arranging a plurality of air deflectors perpendicular to the Y-axis direction at intervals along the Y-axis direction and are matched with the top wall and the bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity 02, the air passing area of the compartments 061 is larger than that of the air passing spaces 062, the second cavity 07 and the third cavity 08 are separated by first air deflectors 021 parallel to the liquid cooling plates 20, the first air deflectors 021 are abutted against the free ends of the cooling fins 31, second air deflectors 022 are arranged between the compartments 061 and the third cavity 08, the second air deflectors 022 incline from the liquid cooling plates 20 to the first air deflectors 021 in a direction away from the compartments 061, third air deflectors 023 are arranged between the air passing spaces 062 and the second cavity 07, the third air deflectors 023 incline from the bottom wall of the first cavity 06 to the first air deflectors 021 in a direction away from the air passing spaces 062, and the fins 42 are distributed on two sides of the body 41 in the Y-axis direction and abutted against the side walls of the compartments 061.

In this embodiment, the number of the first heat dissipation fans 91 corresponds to the number of the heat dissipation devices 40, the first heat dissipation fans 91 are opposite to the body 41 and are located at one side of each heat dissipation device 40 far away from the heat dissipation portion 30, and an interval is formed between the first heat dissipation fans 91 and the body 41 along the X-axis direction, so that the strong wind area of the first heat dissipation fans 91 corresponds to the fins 42 and the wind passing interval 062, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high.

The arrangement of the structure in the heat dissipation cavity 02 enables each compartment 061 to be communicated with the third cavity 08 to form an air duct, each air passing interval 062 is communicated with the second cavity 07 to form an air duct, the two air ducts are independent of each other, each radiator 40 is distributed in each compartment 061 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the heat dissipation part 30 is located in the second cavity 07, so that the wind directions of the radiator 40 and the heat dissipation part 30 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other, heat accumulation caused by the fact that upstream hot wind flows to the downstream structure to be dissipated due to the fact that the radiator 40 and the heat dissipation part 30 are distributed along the X-axis direction is avoided as much as possible, heat dissipation efficiency is high, and the air passing area of the compartment 061 is larger than the air passing area of the air passing interval 062, so that the length of electrical equipment in the Y-axis direction is reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation part 30 is guaranteed. Therefore, the whole electrical equipment of the embodiment realizes the efficient heat dissipation of the heat radiator 40 and the heat dissipation part 30 on the premise of small occupied areas in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, thereby realizing the efficient heat dissipation of the first heat generating element 60 and the second heat generating element 70, and the third heat generating element 80 corresponds to the position of the first chamber 06, so that the air flow flowing through the whole first chamber 06 can be the third heat generating element 80 for heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the third heat generating element 80 is high.

The arrangement of the first air deflection plate 021, the second air deflection plate 022 and the third air deflection plate 023 is beneficial to realizing that each air passing interval 062 is communicated with the second chamber 07 along the X-axis direction, each compartment 061 is communicated with the third chamber 08 along the X-axis direction, and the air resistance is small, wherein the first air deflection plate 021 is abutted against the free end of each radiating fin 31, and compared with the scheme that the air passing interval 062 is formed between the free end of each radiating fin 31 and the first air deflection plate 021, the air speed is faster, and the radiating efficiency is higher. Each fin 42 is distributed on two sides of the body 41 along the Y-axis direction and abuts against the side wall of the compartment 061, so that the wind flow is further guaranteed to completely pass through the surface of the fin 42, and compared with the scheme that an interval is formed between the fin 42 and the side wall of the compartment 061, the wind speed is faster, and the heat dissipation efficiency is higher.

The embodiment also provides a heat dissipation method of the electrical equipment, wherein the heat dissipation method comprises the steps of controlling the electrical equipment to dissipate heat through air cooling when the external temperature is lower than a first set value or the temperature in the protection cavity 01 is lower than a second set value, and controlling the electrical equipment to dissipate heat through air cooling and liquid cooling when the external temperature is higher than a third set value and the temperature in the protection cavity 01 is higher than a fourth set value, so that the electrical equipment can achieve efficient heat dissipation of the electrical equipment with lower energy consumption.

The foregoing description of the embodiments and description is presented to illustrate the scope of the invention, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Modifications, equivalents, and other improvements to the embodiments of the invention or portions of the features disclosed herein, as may occur to persons skilled in the art upon use of the invention or the teachings of the embodiments, are intended to be included within the scope of the invention, as may be desired by persons skilled in the art from a logical analysis, reasoning, or limited testing, in combination with the common general knowledge and/or knowledge of the prior art.

Claims

1. An electrical device, characterized in that it includes:

The housing (10) has a partition (11) extending along the X-axis to form a protective cavity (01) and a heat dissipation cavity (02) arranged along the Z-axis within the housing (10), and the partition (11) has an opening (111).

The heat dissipation structure includes a liquid cooling plate (20) and a heat dissipation part (30). The liquid cooling plate (20) closes the opening (111) to make the protective cavity (01) relatively sealed. The liquid cooling plate (20) is provided with a first heat dissipation surface (23) facing the protective cavity (01) and a second heat dissipation surface (24) facing the heat dissipation cavity (02). The heat dissipation part (30) protrudes from the second heat dissipation surface (24) along the Z-axis and extends into the heat dissipation cavity (02) through the opening (111). It includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins (31) extending along the X-axis and spaced apart along the Y-axis.

A first heating element (60) is placed inside the protective cavity (01) and attached to the first heat dissipation surface (23), corresponding to the position of the heat dissipation part (30); and

The first cooling fan (91) is placed in the cooling cavity (02) and drives the airflow along the X-axis through the cooling part (30).

2. An electrical device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it further includes a second heating element (70); the heat dissipation structure further includes a radiator (40) that protrudes from the liquid cooling plate (20) along the Z-axis direction and extends into the heat dissipation cavity (02) through the opening (111), the radiator (40) including a body (41) for accommodating the second heating element (70) and a plurality of fins (42) protruding from the body (41) along the Y-axis direction, each fin (42) extending along the X-axis direction and spaced apart along the Z-axis direction; the first heat dissipation fan (91) is also adapted to drive airflow through the radiator (40) along the X-axis direction.

3. An electrical device as described in claim 2, characterized in that it further includes a third heating element (80), which is placed inside the protective cavity (01) and attached to the first heat dissipation surface (23), and its position corresponds to that of the radiator (40).

4. An electrical device as described in claim 3, characterized in that the number of the second heating element (70) is the same as the number of the radiator (40) and is at least two, and each second heating element (70) is installed in each body (41) in a one-to-one correspondence; each radiator (40) is spaced apart along the Y-axis direction and spaced apart from the heat dissipation part (30) along the X-axis direction; a first air inlet and a second air inlet are arranged on one side along the X-axis direction and along the Y-axis direction in the heat dissipation cavity (02), and a first air outlet and a second air outlet are arranged on the other side along the Z-axis direction, the first air outlet being closer to the partition (11) than the second air outlet; the first air inlet and the first air outlet are connected to form a first air duct, and the second air inlet and the second air outlet are connected to form a second air duct;

The heat dissipation section (30) is located in the first air duct; each radiator (40) is located in the second air duct.

5. An electrical device as described in claim 4, characterized in that the heat dissipation cavity (02) is provided with a first chamber (06), a second chamber (07), and a third chamber (08); the first chamber (06) is provided with a first vent (063) on the side of the second chamber (07) and the third chamber (08) along the X-axis and away from the second chamber (07) and the third chamber (08); the second chamber (07) and the third chamber (08) are provided with a second vent (071) and a third vent (081) respectively on the side of the second chamber (07) and the third chamber (08) along the Z-axis and away from the first chamber (06); the second heat dissipation surface (24) of the liquid cooling plate (20) forms the top wall of the first chamber (06) and the top wall of the second chamber (07); the first chamber (06) is provided with a number of compartments equal to the number of radiators (40) along the Y-axis. (061) Each radiator (40) is distributed in each compartment (061) in a corresponding manner; an air passage interval (062) is provided between adjacent compartments (061), each air passage interval (062) is connected to the second chamber (07) along the X-axis to form a first air duct, the first vent (063) corresponding to the air passage interval (062) forms the first air inlet, and the second vent (071) forms the first air outlet; each compartment (061) is connected to the third chamber (08) along the X-axis to form a second air duct, the first vent (063) corresponding to the compartment (061) forms the second air inlet, and the third vent (081) forms the second air outlet; the heat dissipation part (30) is located in the second chamber (07); the first heat dissipation fan (91) drives the airflow through the heat dissipation cavity (02) along the X-axis;

The third heating element (80) is positioned corresponding to the first chamber (06).

6. An electrical device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the second chamber (07) and the third chamber (08) are separated by a first air guide plate (021) parallel to the liquid cooling plate (20), the first air guide plate (021) abutting the free ends of each heat sink (31); a second air guide plate (022) is provided between the partition (061) and the third chamber (08), the second air guide plate (022) flowing from the liquid cooling plate (20) to the first air guide plate (021). The air deflector (021) is inclined away from the compartment (061); a third air guide plate (023) is provided between the air passage interval (062) and the second chamber (07), and the third air guide plate (023) is inclined away from the bottom wall of the first chamber (06) towards the first air guide plate (021) away from the air passage interval (062); each fin (42) is distributed on both sides of the body (41) along the Y-axis and abuts against the side wall of the compartment (061).

7. An electrical device as claimed in any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that it further includes a second heat dissipation fan (92) placed inside a protective cavity (01); the heat dissipation structure further includes a heat exchange section (50) protruding from a first heat dissipation surface (23), the liquid cooling plate (20) is provided with a liquid inlet (03) and a liquid outlet (04), the heat exchange section (50) is provided with a cooling liquid flow channel communicating with the liquid inlet (03) and the liquid outlet (04); the second heat dissipation fan (92) is placed inside the protective cavity (01) and is adapted to form a circulating airflow passing through the heat exchange section (50), the first heating element (60) and the third heating element (80).

8. An electrical device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the liquid inlet (03) and the liquid outlet (04) are connected by a separate liquid cooling pipe (22), and the portion of the liquid cooling pipe (22) passing through each heat exchange section (50) forms the cooling liquid flow channel; the heat exchange section (50) includes a plurality of heat dissipation blades (51) that protrude from the first heat dissipation surface (23) along the Z-axis direction, extend along the X-axis direction, and are spaced apart along the Y-axis direction; the liquid cooling pipe (22) at least partially passes through each heat dissipation fin (31) along the Y-axis direction; and the axis of the second heat dissipation fan (92) extends along the X-axis direction.

9. An electrical device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that it further includes a wind deflector (100); the second cooling fan (92) and the heat exchange section (50) are opposite to each other along the X-axis and are connected through the wind deflector (100) to form an air passage (05); the third heating element (80) and the first heating element (60) are respectively located on both sides of the heat exchange section (50) along the X-axis;

The heat output of the second heating element (70) is greater than that of the third heating element (80) but less than that of the first heating element (60);

The liquid cooling pipe (22) is provided with a first heat dissipation section (224) for dissipating heat from the first heat-generating element (60) and a second heat dissipation section (225) for dissipating heat from the second heat-generating element (70) and the third heat-generating element (80). The inlet end and outlet end of the coolant flow channel are respectively connected to the inlet port (03) and the inlet end of the first heat dissipation section (224). The inlet end and outlet end of the second heat dissipation section (225) are respectively connected to the outlet end of the first heat dissipation section (224) and the outlet port (04).

10. An electrical device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the first heating element (60) includes a power board (61) and a power element (62) supported on the power board (61), the third heating element (80) includes an input/output board (81) and an input/output electrical element (82) supported on the input/output board (81), the input/output board (81) and the power board (61) are both supported on a first heat dissipation surface (23) and are spaced apart from the first heat dissipation surface (23) along the Z-axis direction, the airflow of the second cooling fan (92) is adapted to pass through the two surfaces of the input/output board (81) and the power board (61) along the Z-axis direction; the power element (62) is attached to the first heat dissipation surface (23) and located between the power board (61) and the first heat dissipation surface (23);

The liquid cooling pipe (22) is provided with an inlet section (221) and an outlet section (222) extending along the X-axis direction; the inlet section (221) and the outlet section (222) extend between the input/output plate (81) and the first heat dissipation surface (23) and extend out of the housing (10).

11. A method for heat dissipation of an electrical device, characterized in that the electrical device is as described in any one of claims 1-10, and the heat dissipation method comprises:

When the outside temperature is lower than the first set value or the temperature inside the protective cavity (01) is lower than the second set value, the electrical equipment is controlled to dissipate heat by air cooling.

When the outside temperature is higher than the third set value and the temperature inside the protective cavity (01) is higher than the fourth set value, the control electrical equipment uses a combination of air cooling and liquid cooling to dissipate heat.