CN118720606A - A positioning tool for welding wind turbine blades - Google Patents
A positioning tool for welding wind turbine blades Download PDFInfo
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- CN118720606A CN118720606A CN202411194365.2A CN202411194365A CN118720606A CN 118720606 A CN118720606 A CN 118720606A CN 202411194365 A CN202411194365 A CN 202411194365A CN 118720606 A CN118720606 A CN 118720606A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000827703 Homo sapiens Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100023591 Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100012902 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FIG2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/047—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work moving work to adjust its position between soldering, welding or cutting steps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及叶片焊接技术领域，具体为一种风力发电叶片焊接用定位工装，包括：支撑台，所述支撑台的顶端对称滑动安装有两个承载台，所述承载台的后端均固定连接有配重箱，所述支撑台的前端还固定安装有PLC控制器。本发明能够自动将叶片零件固定起来，能够提高叶片焊接的稳定性，能够保障叶片的焊接效果，同时橡胶防滑块能够避免叶片与夹持板的接触位置出现磨损，能够实现叶片的自动抓取以及放置，能够降低工作人员的劳动负担，能够对夹持板底端的叶片进行翻转，方便调节叶片的角度，有利于叶片的对齐，同时能够在焊接的过程中对叶片进行翻转，方便工作人员对叶片的不同位置进行焊接，避免工作人员从叶片的底端进行焊接，能够提高焊接效率。
The present invention relates to the field of blade welding technology, specifically to a positioning tool for welding wind power generation blades, comprising: a support table, two bearing platforms are symmetrically and slidably installed on the top of the support table, the rear ends of the bearing platforms are fixedly connected to a counterweight box, and a PLC controller is also fixedly installed on the front end of the support table. The present invention can automatically fix the blade parts, improve the stability of blade welding, and ensure the welding effect of the blades. At the same time, the rubber anti-sliding block can avoid wear at the contact position between the blade and the clamping plate, and can realize automatic grasping and placement of the blades, which can reduce the labor burden of the staff. The blades at the bottom end of the clamping plate can be flipped, which is convenient for adjusting the angle of the blades and is conducive to the alignment of the blades. At the same time, the blades can be flipped during the welding process, which is convenient for the staff to weld at different positions of the blades, avoiding the staff from welding from the bottom end of the blades, and improving the welding efficiency.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及叶片焊接技术领域，具体为一种风力发电叶片焊接用定位工装。The invention relates to the technical field of blade welding, in particular to a positioning tool for welding wind power generation blades.
背景技术Background Art
风力发电机是将风能转换为机械功，机械功带动转子旋转，最终输出交流电的电力设备，风力发电机一般有风轮、发电机(包括装置)、调向器(尾翼)、塔架、限速安全机构和储能装置等构件组成，风力发电机的工作原理比较简单，风轮在风力的作用下旋转，它把风的动能转变为风轮轴的机械能，发电机在风轮轴的带动下旋转发电。广义地说，风能也是太阳能，所以也可以说风力发电机，是一种以太阳为热源，以大气为工作介质的热能利用发电机；A wind turbine is an electrical device that converts wind energy into mechanical work, which drives the rotor to rotate and finally outputs alternating current. A wind turbine generally consists of a wind rotor, a generator (including a device), a stabiliser (tail), a tower, a speed limit safety mechanism and an energy storage device. The working principle of a wind turbine is relatively simple. The wind rotor rotates under the action of wind force, and it converts the kinetic energy of the wind into the mechanical energy of the wind rotor shaft. The generator rotates and generates electricity under the drive of the wind rotor shaft. In a broad sense, wind energy is also solar energy, so it can also be said that a wind turbine is a heat energy generator that uses the sun as a heat source and the atmosphere as a working medium.
叶片作为风力发电机的重要部件，起作用是捉获风，并将风力传送到转子轴心，现代600千瓦风力发电机上，每个转子叶片的测量长度大约为20米，而且被设计得很像飞机的机翼，大型风力发电机叶片一般用玻璃钢手工制作，这种材料的优点是轻质、强度高、耐腐蚀等，可以使叶片更加坚硬和耐用，而小型风力发电机叶片一般用金属或玻璃钢手工制作，在使用金属制作叶片时，需要对叶片进行焊接；As an important part of wind turbines, blades are used to capture wind and transmit wind power to the rotor axis. On modern 600 kW wind turbines, each rotor blade is about 20 meters long and is designed to look like an airplane wing. Large wind turbine blades are usually made of fiberglass. This material has the advantages of being lightweight, strong, and corrosion-resistant, making the blades harder and more durable. Small wind turbine blades are usually made of metal or fiberglass. When metal is used to make blades, the blades need to be welded.
现有技术在焊接风力发电叶片的过程中存在以下问题：对小型叶片进行焊接时，通过吊装设备将叶片吊起成本较大，且叶片的对接不容易控制，而手动对接叶片会需要耗费大量的体力以及时间，会影响焊接效率，且焊接部位不易进行翻转，会导致焊接难度变大。The prior art has the following problems in the process of welding wind turbine blades: when welding small blades, it is costly to lift the blades with lifting equipment, and the docking of the blades is not easy to control. Manual docking of blades requires a lot of physical strength and time, which affects the welding efficiency. In addition, the welding part is not easy to flip, which makes welding more difficult.
为此，提出一种风力发电叶片焊接用定位工装。Therefore, a positioning tool for welding wind turbine blades is proposed.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种风力发电叶片焊接用定位工装。In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a positioning tool for welding wind turbine blades.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种风力发电叶片焊接用定位工装，包括：A positioning tool for welding a wind turbine blade, comprising:
支撑台，所述支撑台的顶端对称滑动安装有两个承载台，所述承载台的后端均固定连接有配重箱，所述支撑台的前端还固定安装有PLC控制器；A support platform, wherein two bearing platforms are symmetrically and slidably mounted on the top of the support platform, a counterweight box is fixedly connected to the rear end of each bearing platform, and a PLC controller is also fixedly mounted on the front end of the support platform;
支撑板，所述支撑板滑动安装在承载台的前端，所述支撑板的底端的边缘位置固定安装有安装台，所述安装台上转动安装有连接头，所述连接头的底端固定连接有连接板；A support plate, wherein the support plate is slidably mounted on the front end of the bearing platform, a mounting platform is fixedly mounted on the edge of the bottom end of the support plate, a connecting head is rotatably mounted on the mounting platform, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting head;
第二活动开口槽，所述第二活动开口槽开设在连接板的底端，所述第二活动开口槽内转动安装有传动轴，所述传动轴的外侧对称滑动安装有两个第二活动环，所述第二活动环的底端固定连接有夹持板，所述夹持板的内侧均匀固定安装有多个橡胶防滑块，所述夹持板底端的内壁上固定安装有锥形板；A second movable opening groove, the second movable opening groove is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting plate, a transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the second movable opening groove, two second movable rings are symmetrically and slidably installed on the outer side of the transmission shaft, a clamping plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second movable ring, a plurality of rubber anti-sliding blocks are evenly fixedly installed on the inner side of the clamping plate, and a conical plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the clamping plate;
第一活动开口槽，所述第一活动开口槽开设在承载台的前端，所述第一活动开口槽内转动安装有螺纹丝杆，所述螺纹丝杆的外侧套设有第一活动环，所述第一活动环的中心处开设有与螺纹丝杆相适配的第一螺纹孔，所述第一活动环的外侧延伸至第一活动开口槽外与支撑板的侧壁固定连接；A first movable opening groove, wherein the first movable opening groove is provided at the front end of the bearing platform, a threaded screw is rotatably installed in the first movable opening groove, a first movable ring is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded screw, a first threaded hole adapted to the threaded screw is provided at the center of the first movable ring, and the outer side of the first movable ring extends to the outside of the first movable opening groove and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support plate;
所述连接头的顶端设计为圆弧形，所述连接头的顶端均匀固定安装有多个卡齿，所述支撑板的底端还转动安装有传动齿轮，所述传动齿轮与卡齿相啮合，所述支撑板的侧壁上还固定安装有与PLC控制器电性连接的第三电机，所述第三电机的输出端与传动齿轮的中心轴固定连接。The top of the connector is designed to be in an arc shape, and a plurality of latch teeth are evenly and fixedly installed on the top of the connector. A transmission gear is also rotatably installed on the bottom end of the support plate, and the transmission gear is meshed with the latch teeth. A third motor electrically connected to the PLC controller is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the support plate, and the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the central axis of the transmission gear.
优选的，所述夹持板的顶端均固定安装有第二活动环，所述第二活动环套设在传动轴上，所述传动轴两端的外壁上对称固定安装有螺纹条，所述第二活动环的中心处开设有与螺纹条相适配的第二螺纹孔。Preferably, a second movable ring is fixedly installed on the top of the clamping plate, the second movable ring is sleeved on the transmission shaft, threaded strips are symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer walls at both ends of the transmission shaft, and a second threaded hole matching the threaded strip is opened at the center of the second movable ring.
优选的，所述锥形板的底壁与地面底壁相平行，且锥形板的顶壁倾斜向上设置。Preferably, the bottom wall of the conical plate is parallel to the bottom wall of the ground, and the top wall of the conical plate is inclined upward.
优选的，所述连接板的侧壁上固定安装有与PLC控制器电性连接的第二电机，所述第二电机的输出端与传动轴的中心轴固定连接。Preferably, a second motor electrically connected to the PLC controller is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the connecting plate, and an output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the central axis of the transmission shaft.
通过上述方案，当工作人员将待焊接的叶片零件放置在连接板底端的地面上后，此时通过PLC控制器启动第二电机，第二电机能够带动传动轴在第二活动开口槽内旋转，当传动轴顺时针旋转时，此时传动轴外侧的螺纹条通过第二活动环中心处的第二螺纹孔使夹持板向连接板的中心处滑动，此时夹持板底端的锥形板在合拢的过程中能够将待焊接的叶片铲起，当夹持板移动至相应位置时，夹持板能够将叶片夹住，能够自动将叶片固定起来，方便对叶片进行焊接，能够提高叶片焊接的稳定性，能够保障叶片的焊接效果，同时橡胶防滑块能够对叶片的两侧进行保护，避免叶片与夹持板的接触位置出现磨损，有利于叶片的安全，且焊接完成后，第二电机带动传动轴逆时针旋转，此时夹持板能够向连接板的两侧滑动，能够自动将焊接好的叶片放下，能够实现叶片的自动抓取以及放置，能够降低工作人员的劳动负担，能够提高工作效率。Through the above scheme, when the staff places the blade parts to be welded on the ground at the bottom end of the connecting plate, the second motor is started through the PLC controller, and the second motor can drive the transmission shaft to rotate in the second movable opening groove. When the transmission shaft rotates clockwise, the threaded strip on the outside of the transmission shaft passes through the second threaded hole at the center of the second movable ring to make the clamping plate slide toward the center of the connecting plate. At this time, the conical plate at the bottom end of the clamping plate can shovel up the blade to be welded during the closing process. When the clamping plate moves to the corresponding position, the clamping plate can clamp the blade and automatically fix the blade, which is convenient for welding the blade, improves the stability of blade welding, and ensures the welding effect of the blade. At the same time, the rubber anti-sliding block can protect both sides of the blade to avoid wear at the contact position between the blade and the clamping plate, which is beneficial to the safety of the blade. After the welding is completed, the second motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the clamping plate can slide to both sides of the connecting plate, and can automatically put down the welded blade, so as to realize automatic grabbing and placement of the blade, reduce the labor burden of the staff, and improve work efficiency.
优选的，所述承载台的顶端固定安装有与PLC控制器电性连接的第一电机，所述第一电机的输出端与螺纹丝杆的中心轴固定连接。Preferably, a first motor electrically connected to the PLC controller is fixedly mounted on the top of the support platform, and an output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the central axis of the threaded screw.
优选的，所述支撑台的顶端对称固定安装有两个滑轨，所述承载台以及配重箱的底端均开设有与滑轨相适配的滑槽。Preferably, two slide rails are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the support platform, and the bottom ends of the bearing platform and the counterweight box are provided with slide grooves adapted to the slide rails.
优选的，所述支撑台顶端的两侧均固定安装有液压伸缩杆，所述液压伸缩杆的伸长端与配重箱的侧壁固定连接。Preferably, hydraulic telescopic rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the support platform, and the extended ends of the hydraulic telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the side walls of the counterweight box.
通过上述方案，通过PLC控制器能够启动第一电机，第一电机能够带动螺纹丝杆在第一活动开口槽内转动，当螺纹丝杆顺时针旋转时，此时支撑板通过第一活动环配合第一螺纹孔能够顺着螺纹丝杆向第一活动开口槽的顶端滑动，能够将连接板底端通过夹持板夹住的叶片向上滑动，方便将叶片移动至合适的焊接高度，方便工作人员进行焊接工作，且通过液压伸缩杆能够推动两个承载台顺着滑轨向支撑台的中间位置靠拢，方便使待焊接的两个叶片接触进行焊接工作，当螺纹丝杆逆时针旋转时，此时支撑板能够带动连接板向下滑动，方便将焊接后的叶片移动至地面处，便于将焊接好的叶片放置在地面上。Through the above scheme, the first motor can be started through the PLC controller, and the first motor can drive the threaded screw to rotate in the first movable opening groove. When the threaded screw rotates clockwise, the support plate can slide along the threaded screw to the top of the first movable opening groove through the first movable ring and the first threaded hole, and the blades clamped by the clamping plate at the bottom of the connecting plate can be slid upward, so that the blades can be moved to a suitable welding height, which is convenient for the staff to carry out welding work, and the two bearing platforms can be pushed along the slide rail to the middle position of the support platform through the hydraulic telescopic rod, so that the two blades to be welded can be contacted for welding. When the threaded screw rotates counterclockwise, the support plate can drive the connecting plate to slide downward, so that the welded blades can be moved to the ground, so that the welded blades can be placed on the ground.
优选的，所述连接头的两端均固定安装有旋转轴，所述连接头通过旋转轴转动安装在安装台上，所述安装台的顶端还固定安装有与PLC控制器电性连接的电动伸缩杆，所述电动伸缩杆的伸长端固定安装有弧形板。Preferably, both ends of the connector are fixedly mounted with rotating shafts, the connector is rotatably mounted on a mounting platform via the rotating shafts, an electric telescopic rod electrically connected to a PLC controller is also fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting platform, and an arc plate is fixedly mounted on the extended end of the electric telescopic rod.
优选的，所述弧形板与连接头的顶端相贴合，所述弧形板的底壁上均匀固定安装有与卡齿相啮合的限位齿。Preferably, the arc-shaped plate fits with the top end of the connector, and limiting teeth meshing with the latch teeth are evenly and fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the arc-shaped plate.
通过上述方案，在使用时，通过PLC控制器启动第三电机能够使传动齿轮在支撑板的底端转动，当传动齿轮顺时针旋转后，此时传动齿轮能够向下拨动卡齿，从而连接头底端的连接板能够逆时针翻转，能够对夹持板底端的叶片进行翻转，方便调节叶片的角度，有利于叶片的对齐，同时能够在焊接的过程中对叶片进行翻转，方便工作人员对叶片的不同位置进行焊接，能够降低焊接难度，避免工作人员从叶片的底端进行焊接，能够提高焊接效率，当电动伸缩杆带动弧形板底端的限位齿嵌入连接头顶端的卡齿后，此时弧形板能够对连接头进行固定，能够避免在焊接过程中叶片的重量带动连接头向下翻转，能够降低第三电机输出端的负荷，有利于第三电机的使用。Through the above scheme, when in use, starting the third motor through the PLC controller can make the transmission gear rotate at the bottom end of the support plate. When the transmission gear rotates clockwise, the transmission gear can push the latch gear downward, so that the connecting plate at the bottom end of the connecting head can be flipped counterclockwise, and the blades at the bottom end of the clamping plate can be flipped, which is convenient for adjusting the angle of the blades and is beneficial to the alignment of the blades. At the same time, the blades can be flipped during the welding process, which is convenient for the staff to weld different positions of the blades, can reduce the difficulty of welding, avoid the staff from welding from the bottom end of the blades, and improve the welding efficiency. When the electric telescopic rod drives the limiting teeth at the bottom end of the arc plate to embed into the latch gear at the top end of the connecting head, the arc plate can fix the connecting head, which can avoid the weight of the blades driving the connecting head to flip downward during the welding process, can reduce the load on the output end of the third motor, and is beneficial to the use of the third motor.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明通过PLC控制器启动第二电机，第二电机能够带动传动轴在第二活动开口槽内旋转，当传动轴顺时针旋转时，此时传动轴外侧的螺纹条通过第二活动环中心处的第二螺纹孔使夹持板向连接板的中心处滑动，此时夹持板底端的锥形板在合拢的过程中能够将待焊接的叶片铲起，当夹持板移动至相应位置时，夹持板能够将叶片夹住，能够自动将叶片固定起来，方便对叶片进行焊接，能够提高叶片焊接的稳定性，能够保障叶片的焊接效果，同时橡胶防滑块能够对叶片的两侧进行保护，避免叶片与夹持板的接触位置出现磨损，有利于叶片的安全，且焊接完成后，第二电机带动传动轴逆时针旋转，此时夹持板能够向连接板的两侧滑动，能够自动将焊接好的叶片放下，能够实现叶片的自动抓取以及放置，能够降低工作人员的劳动负担，能够提高工作效率。1. The present invention starts the second motor through the PLC controller, and the second motor can drive the transmission shaft to rotate in the second active opening groove. When the transmission shaft rotates clockwise, the threaded strip on the outer side of the transmission shaft passes through the second threaded hole at the center of the second active ring to make the clamping plate slide toward the center of the connecting plate. At this time, the conical plate at the bottom end of the clamping plate can shovel up the blade to be welded during the closing process. When the clamping plate moves to the corresponding position, the clamping plate can clamp the blade and automatically fix the blade, which is convenient for welding the blade, can improve the stability of blade welding, can ensure the welding effect of the blade, and at the same time, the rubber anti-sliding block can protect both sides of the blade to avoid wear at the contact position between the blade and the clamping plate, which is beneficial to the safety of the blade. After welding is completed, the second motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate counterclockwise, and the clamping plate can slide to both sides of the connecting plate, can automatically put down the welded blade, can realize automatic grabbing and placement of the blade, can reduce the labor burden of the staff, and can improve work efficiency.
2、本发明通过PLC控制器能够启动第一电机，第一电机能够带动螺纹丝杆在第一活动开口槽内转动，当螺纹丝杆顺时针旋转时，此时支撑板通过第一活动环配合第一螺纹孔能够顺着螺纹丝杆向第一活动开口槽的顶端滑动，能够将连接板底端通过夹持板夹住的叶片向上滑动，方便将叶片移动至合适的焊接高度，方便工作人员进行焊接工作，且通过液压伸缩杆能够推动两个承载台顺着滑轨向支撑台的中间位置靠拢，方便使待焊接的两个叶片接触进行焊接工作，当螺纹丝杆逆时针旋转时，此时支撑板能够带动连接板向下滑动，方便将焊接后的叶片移动至地面处，便于将焊接好的叶片放置在地面上。2. The present invention can start the first motor through the PLC controller, and the first motor can drive the threaded screw to rotate in the first movable opening groove. When the threaded screw rotates clockwise, the support plate can slide toward the top of the first movable opening groove along the threaded screw through the first movable ring and the first threaded hole, and can slide the blades clamped by the clamping plate at the bottom of the connecting plate upward, so that the blades can be moved to a suitable welding height, which is convenient for the staff to perform welding work, and the two bearing platforms can be pushed along the slide rail to the middle position of the support platform through the hydraulic telescopic rod, so that the two blades to be welded can be contacted for welding. When the threaded screw rotates counterclockwise, the support plate can drive the connecting plate to slide downward, so that the welded blades can be moved to the ground, so that the welded blades can be placed on the ground.
3、本发明通过PLC控制器启动第三电机能够使传动齿轮在支撑板的底端转动，当传动齿轮顺时针旋转后，此时传动齿轮能够向下拨动卡齿，从而连接头底端的连接板能够逆时针翻转，能够对夹持板底端的叶片进行翻转，方便调节叶片的角度，有利于叶片的对齐，同时能够在焊接的过程中对叶片进行翻转，方便工作人员对叶片的不同位置进行焊接，能够降低焊接难度，避免工作人员从叶片的底端进行焊接，能够提高焊接效率，当电动伸缩杆带动弧形板底端的限位齿嵌入连接头顶端的卡齿后，此时弧形板能够对连接头进行固定，能够避免在焊接过程中叶片的重量带动连接头向下翻转，能够降低第三电机输出端的负荷，有利于第三电机的使用。3. The present invention starts the third motor through the PLC controller to make the transmission gear rotate at the bottom end of the support plate. When the transmission gear rotates clockwise, the transmission gear can push the latch gear downward, so that the connecting plate at the bottom end of the connecting head can be flipped counterclockwise, and the blades at the bottom end of the clamping plate can be flipped, which is convenient for adjusting the angle of the blades and is beneficial to the alignment of the blades. At the same time, the blades can be flipped during the welding process, which is convenient for the staff to weld different positions of the blades, can reduce the welding difficulty, avoid the staff from welding from the bottom end of the blades, and improve the welding efficiency. When the electric telescopic rod drives the limiting teeth at the bottom end of the arc plate to embed into the latch gear at the top end of the connecting head, the arc plate can fix the connecting head, which can avoid the weight of the blades driving the connecting head to flip downward during the welding process, can reduce the load on the output end of the third motor, and is beneficial to the use of the third motor.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例中一种风力发电叶片焊接用定位工装的整体结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a positioning tool for welding a wind turbine blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例中支撑台顶端的局部剖面结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the top of the support platform in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例中第一电机输端的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first motor output terminal in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例中支撑板底端的结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom end of the support plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例中支撑板低端的剖面结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the lower end of the support plate in an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例中第二电机输出端的结构示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second motor output terminal in an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例中夹持板内侧的结构示意图；7 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner side of the clamping plate in an embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例中连接板与支撑板的组合结构示意图；FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the connecting plate and the supporting plate in an embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例中连接板的结构示意图；FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图10为本发明实施例中电动伸缩杆底端的结构示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom end of the electric telescopic rod in an embodiment of the present invention.
图中：1、支撑台；2、滑轨；3、液压伸缩杆；4、配重箱；5、第一活动开口槽；6、承载台；7、第一电机；8、螺纹丝杆；9、PLC控制器；10、连接板；11、安装台；12、连接头；13、支撑板；14、夹持板；15、电动伸缩杆；16、第二电机；17、第三电机；18、第一活动环；19、第一螺纹孔；20、旋转轴；21、第二活动开口槽；22、传动轴；23、卡齿；24、弧形板；25、传动齿轮；26、螺纹条；27、第二螺纹孔；28、锥形板；29、橡胶防滑块；30、第二活动环；31、限位齿。In the figure: 1. support platform; 2. slide rail; 3. hydraulic telescopic rod; 4. counterweight box; 5. first movable opening slot; 6. bearing platform; 7. first motor; 8. threaded screw; 9. PLC controller; 10. connecting plate; 11. mounting platform; 12. connector; 13. support plate; 14. clamping plate; 15. electric telescopic rod; 16. second motor; 17. third motor; 18. first movable ring; 19. first threaded hole; 20. rotating shaft; 21. second movable opening slot; 22. transmission shaft; 23. latching teeth; 24. arc plate; 25. transmission gear; 26. threaded strip; 27. second threaded hole; 28. conical plate; 29. rubber anti-sliding block; 30. second movable ring; 31. limiting teeth.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
为了更好的理解上述技术方案，下面将结合说明书附图以及具体的实施方式对上述技术方案进行详细的说明。In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
实施例：请参阅图1至图10，一种风力发电叶片焊接用定位工装，包括：Embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1 to 10, a positioning tool for welding wind turbine blades, including:
支撑台1，支撑台1的顶端对称滑动安装有两个承载台6，承载台6的后端均固定连接有配重箱4，支撑台1的前端还固定安装有PLC控制器9；A support platform 1, two bearing platforms 6 are symmetrically and slidably mounted on the top of the support platform 1, the rear ends of the bearing platforms 6 are fixedly connected with a counterweight box 4, and a PLC controller 9 is also fixedly mounted on the front end of the support platform 1;
支撑板13，支撑板13滑动安装在承载台6的前端，支撑板13的底端的边缘位置固定安装有安装台11，安装台11上转动安装有连接头12，连接头12的底端固定连接有连接板10；A support plate 13 is slidably mounted on the front end of the bearing platform 6, a mounting platform 11 is fixedly mounted on the edge of the bottom end of the support plate 13, a connector 12 is rotatably mounted on the mounting platform 11, and a connecting plate 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connector 12;
第二活动开口槽21，第二活动开口槽21开设在连接板10的底端，第二活动开口槽21内转动安装有传动轴22，传动轴22的外侧对称滑动安装有两个第二活动环30，第二活动环30的底端固定连接有夹持板14，夹持板14的内侧均匀固定安装有多个橡胶防滑块29，夹持板14底端的内壁上固定安装有锥形板28；A second movable opening groove 21 is provided at the bottom end of the connecting plate 10, a transmission shaft 22 is rotatably mounted in the second movable opening groove 21, two second movable rings 30 are symmetrically slidably mounted on the outer side of the transmission shaft 22, a clamping plate 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second movable ring 30, a plurality of rubber anti-sliding blocks 29 are evenly fixedly mounted on the inner side of the clamping plate 14, and a conical plate 28 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom end of the clamping plate 14;
第一活动开口槽5，第一活动开口槽5开设在承载台6的前端，第一活动开口槽5内转动安装有螺纹丝杆8，螺纹丝杆8的外侧套设有第一活动环18，第一活动环18的中心处开设有与螺纹丝杆8相适配的第一螺纹孔19，第一活动环18的外侧延伸至第一活动开口槽5外与支撑板13的侧壁固定连接；A first movable opening slot 5, the first movable opening slot 5 is opened at the front end of the bearing platform 6, a threaded screw 8 is rotatably installed in the first movable opening slot 5, a first movable ring 18 is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded screw 8, a first threaded hole 19 adapted to the threaded screw 8 is opened at the center of the first movable ring 18, and the outer side of the first movable ring 18 extends to the outside of the first movable opening slot 5 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support plate 13;
连接头12的顶端设计为圆弧形，连接头12的顶端均匀固定安装有多个卡齿23，支撑板13的底端还转动安装有传动齿轮25，传动齿轮25与卡齿23相啮合，支撑板13的侧壁上还固定安装有与PLC控制器9电性连接的第三电机17，第三电机17的输出端与传动齿轮25的中心轴固定连接。The top of the connector 12 is designed to be in an arc shape, and a plurality of latch teeth 23 are evenly and fixedly installed on the top of the connector 12. A transmission gear 25 is also rotatably installed on the bottom end of the support plate 13, and the transmission gear 25 is meshed with the latch teeth 23. A third motor 17 electrically connected to the PLC controller 9 is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the support plate 13, and the output end of the third motor 17 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the transmission gear 25.
夹持板14的顶端均固定安装有第二活动环30，第二活动环30套设在传动轴22上，传动轴22两端的外壁上对称固定安装有螺纹条26，第二活动环30的中心处开设有与螺纹条26相适配的第二螺纹孔27。A second movable ring 30 is fixedly installed on the top of the clamping plate 14. The second movable ring 30 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 22. Threaded strips 26 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer walls of both ends of the transmission shaft 22. A second threaded hole 27 adapted to the threaded strip 26 is opened at the center of the second movable ring 30.
锥形板28的底壁与地面底壁相平行，且锥形板28的顶壁倾斜向上设置。The bottom wall of the conical plate 28 is parallel to the bottom wall of the ground, and the top wall of the conical plate 28 is inclined upward.
连接板10的侧壁上固定安装有与PLC控制器9电性连接的第二电机16，第二电机16的输出端与传动轴22的中心轴固定连接。A second motor 16 electrically connected to the PLC controller 9 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the connecting plate 10 , and an output end of the second motor 16 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the transmission shaft 22 .
本实施例中，在使用时，当工作人员将待焊接的叶片零件放置在连接板10底端的地面上后，此时通过PLC控制器9启动第二电机16，第二电机16能够带动传动轴22在第二活动开口槽21内旋转，当传动轴22顺时针旋转时，此时传动轴22外侧的螺纹条26通过第二活动环30中心处的第二螺纹孔27使夹持板14向连接板10的中心处滑动，此时夹持板14底端的锥形板28在合拢的过程中能够将待焊接的叶片铲起，当夹持板14移动至相应位置时，夹持板14能够将叶片夹住，能够自动将叶片固定起来，方便对叶片进行焊接，能够提高叶片焊接的稳定性，能够保障叶片的焊接效果，同时橡胶防滑块29能够对叶片的两侧进行保护，避免叶片与夹持板14的接触位置出现磨损，有利于叶片的安全，且焊接完成后，第二电机16带动传动轴22逆时针旋转，此时夹持板14能够向连接板10的两侧滑动，能够自动将焊接好的叶片放下，能够实现叶片的自动抓取以及放置，能够降低工作人员的劳动负担，能够提高工作效率。In this embodiment, when in use, after the staff places the blade parts to be welded on the ground at the bottom end of the connecting plate 10, the second motor 16 is started through the PLC controller 9, and the second motor 16 can drive the transmission shaft 22 to rotate in the second movable opening groove 21. When the transmission shaft 22 rotates clockwise, the threaded strip 26 on the outer side of the transmission shaft 22 passes through the second threaded hole 27 at the center of the second movable ring 30 to make the clamping plate 14 slide toward the center of the connecting plate 10. At this time, the conical plate 28 at the bottom end of the clamping plate 14 can shovel up the blades to be welded during the closing process. When the clamping plate 14 moves to the corresponding position, the clamping The plate 14 can clamp the blades and automatically fix the blades, which is convenient for welding the blades, can improve the stability of blade welding, and can ensure the welding effect of the blades. At the same time, the rubber anti-sliding block 29 can protect both sides of the blades to avoid wear at the contact position between the blades and the clamping plate 14, which is beneficial to the safety of the blades. After welding is completed, the second motor 16 drives the transmission shaft 22 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the clamping plate 14 can slide to both sides of the connecting plate 10, and can automatically put down the welded blades, so as to realize automatic grabbing and placement of the blades, reduce the labor burden of the staff, and improve work efficiency.
作为本发明的一种实施方式，参照图1-图3，承载台6的顶端固定安装有与PLC控制器9电性连接的第一电机7，第一电机7的输出端与螺纹丝杆8的中心轴固定连接。As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 , a first motor 7 electrically connected to a PLC controller 9 is fixedly mounted on the top of the support platform 6 , and an output end of the first motor 7 is fixedly connected to a central axis of the threaded screw 8 .
支撑台1的顶端对称固定安装有两个滑轨2，承载台6以及配重箱4的底端均开设有与滑轨2相适配的滑槽。Two slide rails 2 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the support platform 1, and slide grooves adapted to the slide rails 2 are provided at the bottom of the bearing platform 6 and the counterweight box 4.
支撑台1顶端的两侧均固定安装有液压伸缩杆3，液压伸缩杆3的伸长端与配重箱4的侧壁固定连接。Hydraulic telescopic rods 3 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the support platform 1, and the extended ends of the hydraulic telescopic rods 3 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the counterweight box 4.
本实施例中，在使用时，通过PLC控制器9能够启动第一电机7，第一电机7能够带动螺纹丝杆8在第一活动开口槽5内转动，当螺纹丝杆8顺时针旋转时，此时支撑板13通过第一活动环18配合第一螺纹孔19能够顺着螺纹丝杆8向第一活动开口槽5的顶端滑动，能够将连接板10底端通过夹持板14夹住的叶片向上滑动，方便将叶片移动至合适的焊接高度，方便工作人员进行焊接工作，且通过液压伸缩杆3能够推动两个承载台6顺着滑轨2向支撑台1的中间位置靠拢，方便使待焊接的两个叶片接触进行焊接工作，当螺纹丝杆8逆时针旋转时，此时支撑板13能够带动连接板10向下滑动，方便将焊接后的叶片移动至地面处，便于将焊接好的叶片放置在地面上。In this embodiment, when in use, the first motor 7 can be started by the PLC controller 9, and the first motor 7 can drive the threaded screw 8 to rotate in the first movable opening groove 5. When the threaded screw 8 rotates clockwise, the support plate 13 can slide along the threaded screw 8 to the top of the first movable opening groove 5 through the first movable ring 18 and the first threaded hole 19, and the blade clamped by the clamping plate 14 at the bottom of the connecting plate 10 can slide upward, so that the blade can be moved to a suitable welding height, which is convenient for the staff to perform welding work, and the two bearing platforms 6 can be pushed along the slide rail 2 to the middle position of the support platform 1 through the hydraulic telescopic rod 3, so that the two blades to be welded can be contacted for welding. When the threaded screw 8 rotates counterclockwise, the support plate 13 can drive the connecting plate 10 to slide downward, so that the welded blade can be moved to the ground, so that the welded blade can be placed on the ground.
作为本发明的一种实施方式，参照图8-图10，连接头12的两端均固定安装有旋转轴20，连接头12通过旋转轴20转动安装在安装台11上，安装台11的顶端还固定安装有与PLC控制器9电性连接的电动伸缩杆15，电动伸缩杆15的伸长端固定安装有弧形板24。As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figures 8-10, both ends of the connector 12 are fixedly installed with a rotating shaft 20, and the connector 12 is rotatably installed on the mounting table 11 through the rotating shaft 20. The top of the mounting table 11 is also fixedly installed with an electric telescopic rod 15 electrically connected to the PLC controller 9, and the extended end of the electric telescopic rod 15 is fixedly installed with an arc plate 24.
弧形板24与连接头12的顶端相贴合，弧形板24的底壁上均匀固定安装有与卡齿23相啮合的限位齿31。The arc plate 24 fits with the top of the connector 12 , and the limiting teeth 31 meshing with the latch teeth 23 are evenly and fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the arc plate 24 .
本实施例中，在使用时，通过PLC控制器9启动第三电机17能够使传动齿轮25在支撑板13的底端转动，当传动齿轮25顺时针旋转后，此时传动齿轮25能够向下拨动卡齿23，从而连接头12底端的连接板10能够逆时针翻转，能够对夹持板14底端的叶片进行翻转，方便调节叶片的角度，有利于叶片的对齐，同时能够在焊接的过程中对叶片进行翻转，方便工作人员对叶片的不同位置进行焊接，能够降低焊接难度，避免工作人员从叶片的底端进行焊接，能够提高焊接效率，当电动伸缩杆15带动弧形板24底端的限位齿31嵌入连接头12顶端的卡齿23后，此时弧形板24能够对连接头12进行固定，能够避免在焊接过程中叶片的重量带动连接头12向下翻转，能够降低第三电机17输出端的负荷，有利于第三电机17的使用。In this embodiment, when in use, starting the third motor 17 through the PLC controller 9 can make the transmission gear 25 rotate at the bottom end of the support plate 13. When the transmission gear 25 rotates clockwise, the transmission gear 25 can push the latch tooth 23 downward, so that the connecting plate 10 at the bottom end of the connector 12 can be flipped counterclockwise, and the blades at the bottom end of the clamping plate 14 can be flipped, which is convenient for adjusting the angle of the blades and is conducive to the alignment of the blades. At the same time, the blades can be flipped during welding, which is convenient for the staff to weld different positions of the blades, can reduce the difficulty of welding, avoid the staff from welding from the bottom end of the blades, and improve the welding efficiency. When the electric telescopic rod 15 drives the limiting tooth 31 at the bottom end of the arc plate 24 to embed into the latch tooth 23 at the top end of the connector 12, the arc plate 24 can fix the connector 12 at this time, which can avoid the weight of the blades driving the connector 12 to flip downward during the welding process, and can reduce the load at the output end of the third motor 17, which is conducive to the use of the third motor 17.
工作原理：在使用时，首先工作人员将待焊接的叶片零件放置在连接板10底端的地面上，此时通过PLC控制器9启动第二电机16，第二电机16能够带动传动轴22在第二活动开口槽21内旋转，当传动轴22顺时针旋转时，此时传动轴22外侧的螺纹条26通过第二活动环30中心处的第二螺纹孔27使夹持板14向连接板10的中心处滑动，此时夹持板14底端的锥形板28在合拢的过程中能够将待焊接的叶片铲起，当夹持板14移动至相应位置时，夹持板14能够将叶片夹住，能够自动将叶片固定起来，方便对叶片进行焊接，能够提高叶片焊接的稳定性，能够保障叶片的焊接效果，同时橡胶防滑块29能够对叶片的两侧进行保护，避免叶片与夹持板14的接触位置出现磨损，有利于叶片的安全；Working principle: When in use, the staff first places the blade parts to be welded on the ground at the bottom end of the connecting plate 10, and then starts the second motor 16 through the PLC controller 9. The second motor 16 can drive the transmission shaft 22 to rotate in the second movable opening groove 21. When the transmission shaft 22 rotates clockwise, the threaded strip 26 on the outside of the transmission shaft 22 passes through the second threaded hole 27 at the center of the second movable ring 30 to make the clamping plate 14 slide toward the center of the connecting plate 10. At this time, the conical plate 28 at the bottom end of the clamping plate 14 can shovel up the blade to be welded during the closing process. When the clamping plate 14 moves to the corresponding position, the clamping plate 14 can clamp the blade and automatically fix the blade, which is convenient for welding the blade, can improve the stability of the blade welding, and can ensure the welding effect of the blade. At the same time, the rubber anti-sliding block 29 can protect both sides of the blade to avoid wear at the contact position between the blade and the clamping plate 14, which is beneficial to the safety of the blade.
然后通过PLC控制器9启动第一电机7，第一电机7能够带动螺纹丝杆8在第一活动开口槽5内转动，当螺纹丝杆8顺时针旋转时，此时支撑板13通过第一活动环18配合第一螺纹孔19能够顺着螺纹丝杆8向第一活动开口槽5的顶端滑动，能够将连接板10底端通过夹持板14夹住的叶片向上滑动，方便将叶片移动至合适的焊接高度，方便工作人员进行焊接工作，且通过液压伸缩杆3能够推动两个承载台6顺着滑轨2向支撑台1的中间位置靠拢，方便使待焊接的两个叶片接触进行焊接工作；Then, the first motor 7 is started through the PLC controller 9, and the first motor 7 can drive the threaded screw 8 to rotate in the first movable opening groove 5. When the threaded screw 8 rotates clockwise, the support plate 13 can slide toward the top of the first movable opening groove 5 along the threaded screw 8 through the first movable ring 18 and the first threaded hole 19, and the blade clamped by the clamping plate 14 at the bottom of the connecting plate 10 can slide upward, so that the blade can be moved to a suitable welding height, which is convenient for the staff to perform welding work, and the two bearing platforms 6 can be pushed to the middle position of the support platform 1 along the slide rail 2 through the hydraulic telescopic rod 3, so that the two blades to be welded can be contacted for welding work;
在焊接时，通过PLC控制器9启动第三电机17使传动齿轮25在支撑板13的底端转动，当传动齿轮25顺时针旋转后，此时传动齿轮25能够向下拨动卡齿23，从而连接头12底端的连接板10能够逆时针翻转，能够对夹持板14底端的叶片进行翻转，方便调节叶片的角度，有利于叶片的对齐，同时能够在焊接的过程中对叶片进行翻转，方便工作人员对叶片的不同位置进行焊接，能够降低焊接难度，避免工作人员从叶片的底端进行焊接，能够提高焊接效率，当电动伸缩杆15带动弧形板24底端的限位齿31嵌入连接头12顶端的卡齿23后，此时弧形板24能够对连接头12进行固定，能够避免在焊接过程中叶片的重量带动连接头12向下翻转，能够降低第三电机17输出端的负荷，有利于第三电机17的使用；During welding, the third motor 17 is started by the PLC controller 9 to make the transmission gear 25 rotate at the bottom end of the support plate 13. When the transmission gear 25 rotates clockwise, the transmission gear 25 can push the latch tooth 23 downward, so that the connecting plate 10 at the bottom end of the connector 12 can be flipped counterclockwise, and the blades at the bottom end of the clamping plate 14 can be flipped, which is convenient for adjusting the angle of the blades and is conducive to the alignment of the blades. At the same time, the blades can be flipped during the welding process, which is convenient for the staff to weld different positions of the blades, can reduce the welding difficulty, avoid the staff from welding from the bottom end of the blades, and improve the welding efficiency. When the electric telescopic rod 15 drives the limiting tooth 31 at the bottom end of the arc plate 24 to embed into the latch tooth 23 at the top end of the connector 12, the arc plate 24 can fix the connector 12 at this time, which can avoid the weight of the blades driving the connector 12 to flip downward during the welding process, and can reduce the load at the output end of the third motor 17, which is conducive to the use of the third motor 17.
焊接完成后，使螺纹丝杆8逆时针旋转，此时支撑板13能够带动连接板10向下滑动，方便将焊接后的叶片移动至地面处，便于将焊接好的叶片放置在地面上，第二电机16带动传动轴22逆时针旋转，此时夹持板14能够向连接板10的两侧滑动，能够自动将焊接好的叶片放下，能够实现叶片的自动抓取以及放置，能够降低工作人员的劳动负担，能够提高工作效率。After welding is completed, the threaded screw 8 rotates counterclockwise. At this time, the support plate 13 can drive the connecting plate 10 to slide downward, which is convenient for moving the welded blades to the ground and placing the welded blades on the ground. The second motor 16 drives the transmission shaft 22 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the clamping plate 14 can slide to both sides of the connecting plate 10, and can automatically put down the welded blades, so as to realize automatic grasping and placement of the blades, reduce the labor burden of the staff, and improve work efficiency.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.
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