CN118718595A - Vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment and treatment method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dust purification and separation technology, specifically an upright filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment and a treatment method thereof, the equipment comprises a frame; a partition is installed on the top of the frame, a box is installed above the partition, and an ash hopper is installed below; the lower end of the filter can extends into the air-ash chamber, and the upper part of the filter can is in the clean room; an induced draft fan is installed on the outside of the box, and the air inlet end of the induced draft fan is connected to the clean room through a first suction pipe and an air tank in turn; a valve group No. 1 is arranged at the connection between the air inlet end of the induced draft fan and the first suction pipe, and the valve group No. 1 is connected to the air-ash chamber through a second suction pipe; an air inlet is installed on one side of the ash hopper. In the present invention, the airflow direction is automatically switched according to the pressure change in the clean room, the pressure difference between the clean room and the air-ash chamber is exchanged, and the blocked dust is automatically stripped off by the reverse flow of the airflow, and the dust is automatically switched to a normal operating state after it is separated from the filter can; during the entire treatment process, the fan does not need to be stopped.

Description

Vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment and treatment method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a dust purification and separation technology, in particular to an upright filter cartridge type dust treatment device and a treatment method thereof.

Background Art

Cartridge dust treatment equipment can be found everywhere in grain, food factories, rubber, welding and other industries. There are three common types of cartridge dust collectors:

1. Vertical filter cartridge dust collector is often used for single-machine equipment. Dust is easy to clear and settle into the ash hopper, and the effect is good. This installation method is also a common method for filter cartridges for working conditions with slightly higher dust concentrations;

2. Inclined filter cartridge dust collector, filter cartridges are stacked up and down, with a compact structure, small footprint, and easy cartridge replacement. However, when cleaning, the dust removed from the upper filter cartridge settles on the lower filter cartridge, making it difficult to remove.

3. Horizontal filter cartridge dust collector is suitable for non-sticky, low-concentration, coarse dust removal in small and medium-sized dust removal systems. It is also suitable for the transformation of some old bag dust collectors, but the dust on the top of the lower filter cartridge is more difficult to remove.

Regardless of the form, the principle is roughly the same, that is, the dust enters the dust chamber through the negative pressure airflow generated by the fan through the pipeline, is filtered and separated by the filter cartridge to the clean room, and is completed by the fan. The dust is blocked on the surface of the filter element, and when the blocked dust continues to settle and fall, the purified air is discharged from the air duct and through the fan.

In actual application, the filter cartridge often gets clogged. Once clogged, a pressure differential sensor is needed to monitor the specific pressure differential value. When the pressure differential value reaches the preset value, the control system generates a pulse airflow for reverse blowing to discharge the clogged dust outward.

Due to the working environment, a series of inductive components often malfunction in dusty, high temperature, humid environments, especially for large equipment with high integration of circuit control modules. Troubleshooting requires checking them one by one, which is very troublesome.

Moreover, during the action of the pulse airflow, since the flow direction of the pulse airflow is opposite to the induced wind direction of the fan, the fan needs to be stopped and restarted after cleaning is completed. Under conditions with high dust concentration, frequent restarts will also increase the failure rate of the fan.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment device and a treatment method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment device comprises a frame;

A partition is installed on the top of the frame, a box is installed above the partition, and an ash hopper is installed below the partition. The partition separates the ash hopper and the box into a clean room and an air-ash room.

The partition plate is provided with an installation opening, a filter tank is installed at the installation opening through a sealing ring, a plurality of filter holes are provided on the filter tank, a filter element is arranged inside the filter tank, and the bottom of the filter tank has an opening;

The lower end of the filter tank extends into the gas-ash chamber, and the upper part of the filter tank is in the clean room;

An induced draft fan is installed outside the box, and the air inlet end of the induced draft fan is connected to the clean room through a first air suction pipe and an air tank in sequence; a valve group No. 1 is provided at the connection between the air inlet end of the induced draft fan and the first air suction pipe, and the valve group No. 1 is also connected to the gas-ash chamber through a second air suction pipe;

An air inlet is installed on one side of the ash hopper, and the No. 1 valve group is in a normally open state between the air inlet end of the induced draft fan and the first suction pipe;

When the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber reaches a preset value, the No. 1 valve group operates to disconnect the air inlet end of the induced draft fan from the first suction pipe, and connect the air inlet end of the induced draft fan to the second suction pipe, thereby closing the air inlet; and when the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber is eliminated, the No. 1 valve group operates in the reverse direction to switch the air inlet end of the induced draft fan to the first suction pipe again, and disconnect it from the second suction pipe, thereby opening the air inlet.

The vertical filter cartridge type dust handling equipment as described above: the first valve group includes a first valve housing connecting the air inlet end of the induced draft fan and the first air intake pipe, and the valve core inside the first valve housing is connected to a valve handle rotatably arranged outside the first valve housing;

The valve handle cooperates with a control assembly, and the control assembly includes a buffer tank installed below the gas tank, an actuator that cooperates with the valve handle, and a trigger mechanism that connects the actuator and the buffer tank;

One end of the buffer tank is connected to one end of the gas tank, and two sets of sliding cakes fixed to each other are arranged in the buffer tank, and a No. 1 sealing ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the sliding cake, and the sliding cake slides in the buffer tank in a sealed manner through the No. 1 sealing ring;

A telescopic rod is provided on one side of the sliding cake, and the telescopic rod extends from the other end of the buffer tank, and one end of the telescopic rod extending from the buffer tank is connected to the trigger mechanism, and a buffer spring is provided on the other side of the sliding cake, one end of the buffer spring contacts the sliding cake, and the other end of the buffer spring contacts the inner wall of the buffer tank;

The trigger mechanism drives the actuator to move instantaneously when the telescopic rod is telescoped relative to the buffer tank to a predetermined stroke, thereby switching the connection state of the No. 1 valve group.

The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment as described above: the trigger mechanism comprises a connecting sleeve fixed to the end of the telescopic rod extending out of the buffer tank, one end of the connecting sleeve being sleeved with one end of the push-pull frame;

The other end of the push-pull frame is rotatably provided with two rollers, the two rollers are distributed up and down, and one of the rollers is rotatably matched with the positioning hole on the telescopic rod through a positioning column;

The trigger mechanism also includes a transverse frame, one end of the upper edge of the transverse frame is sleeved with the connecting sleeve, the other end of the upper edge of the transverse frame is provided with a pin hole, and the pin hole is fixed to the telescopic rod through a pin;

A guide rail plate is also installed on the outer wall of the box body, a rectangular track groove is formed on the guide rail plate, a slot plate is arranged on the guide rail plate, and an inclined slot is formed on the slot plate;

An embedded roller is rollingly embedded in the inclined groove, and the embedded roller is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the lifting member, a convex column is arranged at the upper end of the lifting member, and a vertical groove is formed on the lifting member, and the two rollers are rollingly embedded in the vertical groove;

A hoop is provided on the outer wall of the box body, a sleeve is slidably provided in the hoop, a follower is clamped on the upper part of the sleeve, a horizontal transverse groove is provided on the follower, and the protruding column is slidably embedded in the transverse groove;

A vertical groove is formed on the transverse frame, a slider is slidably arranged in the vertical groove, a clamping column is rotatably arranged on the slider, and the clamping column is rollingly embedded in the track groove;

The sleeve is slidably matched with the control rod, and the control rod passes through the sleeve; the clamping column is rotatably matched with one end of the trigger member, and the other end of the trigger member is connected to the lower end of the control rod, and the lower end of the control rod is also connected to the actuator;

A blocking portion is formed at the central position of the control rod, and the blocking portion is slidably matched with the inner wall of the sleeve. Two sections of force storage springs are arranged in the sleeve, one end of the force storage spring is in contact with the blocking portion, and the other end is in contact with the inner wall of the sleeve.

The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment as described above: a horizontal clearance groove is formed at the upper end of the actuator, and the lower end of the control rod is fixed to the actuator through a driving rod;

A switching column is provided at the end of the valve handle, and the switching column is slidably engaged in the giving way groove;

A sealing plate is provided at the air inlet for sealing and sliding, and the upper part of the sealing plate is fixed to the lower end of the actuator through an opening and closing member.

The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment as described above: a normally closed No. 2 valve group is also provided on the outer wall of the box body, and the No. 2 valve group is connected to the clean room through an air supply pipe;

The No. 2 valve group cooperates with the elastic component, and the elastic component is connected to the gas-ash chamber. When the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber is eliminated, the elastic component opens the No. 2 valve group to make the clean room connected to the ambient atmosphere through the air supply pipe and the No. 2 valve group;

A transmission structure is also provided between the No. 2 valve group and the actuator. When the actuator drives the valve handle to rotate in the opposite direction, the transmission structure closes the No. 2 valve group during the process in which the air inlet end of the induced draft fan switches from being connected with the second air intake pipe to being connected with the first air intake pipe again, so as to isolate the clean room from the ambient atmosphere.

The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment as described above: the second valve group includes a second valve housing installed at the end of the air supply pipe, a valve ball is provided inside the second valve housing for sealing rotation, and a valve channel is provided in the center of the valve ball;

The valve ball is connected to a rotating column, and the rotating column passes through the second valve housing and cooperates with the second valve housing to seal and rotate. One end of the rotating column passing through the second valve housing is coaxially connected to a ratchet, and the elastic component and the transmission structure are both matched with the ratchet.

The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment as described above: the elastic assembly includes a pressure regulating pipe horizontally arranged on the outer wall of the box body, and one end of the pressure regulating pipe is connected to the inside of the gas-ash chamber through a conduit;

The elastic assembly further comprises a balance spring arranged inside the pressure regulating tube, the pressure regulating tube is slidably matched with the movable rod, and one end of the movable rod extends out of the pressure regulating tube;

The other end of the movable rod is formed with a sliding cap, a No. 2 sealing ring is embedded on the surface of the sliding cap, the sliding cap is sealingly slidably matched with the inner wall of the voltage regulating tube through the No. 2 sealing ring, one end of the balance spring is in contact with the inner wall of the voltage regulating tube close to the conduit, and the other end of the balance spring is in contact with the sliding cap;

The elastic assembly also includes a flat plate, which is fixed to a section of the movable rod extending from the voltage regulating tube, and a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the flat plate at equal intervals along its length direction;

A movable tooth is rotatably mounted in each mounting groove, and the movable tooth is unidirectionally matched with the ratchet wheel.

The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment as described above: the transmission structure includes a lever fixed on one side of the ratchet wheel, the lever is arranged at the eccentric position of the ratchet wheel, and the lever is always located on the side close to the actuator;

A shifting rod is rotatably arranged on the actuator, and the shifting rod is close to the ratchet wheel. A stopper matched with the shifting rod is also arranged on the actuator.

The vertical filter cartridge type dust handling equipment as described above: a gate valve is installed at the bottom of the ash hopper.

A method for treating dust using the vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment as described above comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Check the air tightness of the gate valve, valve group 1, valve group 2, and the connection of the conduit to verify that there is no air leakage;

Step 2: Check the workstation, check the normally open state of valve group 1 and the normally closed state of valve group 2, and make sure the sealing plate is at the upper end of its stroke;

Step 3: Pipeline connection: connect one end of the pipe connected to the dust source to the air inlet, and connect the air inlet end of the induced draft fan to valve group No. 1;

Step 4: Start the equipment, turn on the power switch of the induced draft fan, and purify the dust.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can automatically switch the airflow direction according to the pressure change in the clean room, realize the pressure difference exchange between the clean room and the air-ash chamber, and automatically peel off the blocked dust with the help of the reverse flow of the airflow, and automatically switch to normal operation after the dust is separated from the filter tank; during the whole processing process, the fan does not need to be stopped.

The present invention adopts a method similar to mechanical coordination control to realize the mutual switching between various functional components. Compared with the common electronic sensing control module combined with the control circuit, it can adapt to the above-mentioned harsh turbid environment and can withstand wind, sun and rain in the open air environment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an upright cartridge dust treatment device.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of point A in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure after the box body is removed based on FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure after one of the filter canisters is removed based on FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of FIG. 1 after the trigger mechanism is detached from the surface of the box body.

FIG. 6 is an internal disassembly diagram of the buffer tank in the control assembly.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the reverse structure of the trigger mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of FIG. 7 with the trigger mechanism partially disassembled.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the trigger mechanism after being completely disassembled.

FIG10 is a schematic diagram showing two sections of the internal force storage spring after the sleeve is removed based on FIG9 .

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of valve group No. 1 and the box body.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of point B in FIG. 11 .

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic component and the box body.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the actuator and the elastic assembly.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the elastic assembly disassembled based on FIG. 14 .

FIG. 16 is a front view of the actuator and the elastic assembly.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of point C in FIG. 16 .

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box body and valve group No. 2.

FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of point D in FIG. 18 .

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the valve ball after being removed from the second valve housing.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of point E in FIG. 20 .

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ratchet and the valve ball.

In the figure: 1, frame; 2, box; 3, ash hopper; 4, gate valve; 5, induced draft fan; 6, gas tank; 7, first suction pipe; 8, partition; 9, filter tank; 10, sealing ring; 11, second suction pipe; 12, air inlet; 13, buffer tank; 14, telescopic rod; 1401, positioning hole; 1402, pin; 15, sliding cake; 16, No. 1 sealing ring; 17, buffer spring; 18, connecting sleeve; 19, push-pull frame; 20, roller; 21, positioning column; 22, lifting member; 2201, vertical groove; 2202, convex column; 23, embedded roller; 24, slot plate; 2401, inclined slot; 25, follower; 2501, horizontal slot; 26, sleeve; 27, control rod; 2701, partition Blocking part; 28. Accumulation spring; 29. Driving rod; 30. Triggering part; 3001. Flat groove; 31. Transverse frame; 3101. Vertical groove; 3102. Pin hole; 32. Sliding block; 33. Clamping column; 34. Guide plate; 3401. Track groove; 35. Hoop; 36. Actuator; 3601. Displacement groove; 37. First valve housing; 38. Valve handle; 39. Switching column; 40. Opening and closing part; 41. Sealing plate; 42. Pressure regulating pipe; 43. Movable rod; 44. Conduit; 45. No. 2 sealing ring; 46. Balance spring; 47. Flat plate; 48. Movable teeth; 49. Ratchet; 50. Shifting column; 51. Second valve housing; 52. Valve ball; 53. Shifting rod; 54. Blocking block; 55. Air supply pipe.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 22 , as an embodiment of the present invention, the upright filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment comprises a frame 1;

A partition 8 is installed on the top of the frame 1, a box 2 is installed above the partition 8, and an ash hopper 3 is installed below the partition 8. The partition 8 separates the ash hopper 3 and the box 2 into a clean room and an air-ash room.

The partition plate 8 is provided with an installation opening, and a filter tank 9 is installed at the installation opening through a sealing ring 10. The filter tank 9 is provided with a plurality of filter holes, and a filter element is arranged inside the filter tank 9. The bottom of the filter tank 9 has an opening;

The lower end of the filter tank 9 extends into the gas-ash chamber, and the upper part of the filter tank 9 is in the clean room;

An induced draft fan 5 is installed outside the box 2, and the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 is connected to the clean room through a first air suction pipe 7 and an air tank 6 in sequence; a valve group No. 1 is provided at the connection between the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 and the first air suction pipe 7, and the valve group No. 1 is also connected to the gas-ash chamber through a second air suction pipe 11;

An air inlet 12 is installed on one side of the ash hopper 3, and the No. 1 valve group is in a normally open state between the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 and the first suction pipe 7;

When the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber reaches a preset value, the No. 1 valve group operates to disconnect the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 from the first suction pipe 7, and connect the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 with the second suction pipe 11, closing the air inlet 12; and when the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber is eliminated, the No. 1 valve group operates in the reverse direction to switch the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 to the first suction pipe 7 again, disconnect it from the second suction pipe 11, and open the air inlet 12.

In this embodiment, at the initial stage of operation of the equipment, the induced draft fan 5 sucks the air in the clean room, and allows the air in the gas-ash chamber to enter the clean room through the filter tank 9, and the air in the gas-ash chamber enters the filter tank 9 from the opening at the bottom of the filter tank 9, and the dust in the turbid air is intercepted and gathered by the filter element inside the filter tank 9 and the filter holes on the surface of the filter tank 9 and falls to the bottom of the ash hopper 3; as the clean air in the gas-ash chamber continues to flow into the clean room, the air pressure in the gas-ash chamber decreases, and the turbid air is continuously sucked through the pipe connected to the air inlet 12.

As the equipment continues to operate, the filter element and filter holes in the filter tank 9 are constantly blocked, resulting in a continuous decrease in the total conduction cross-section between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber, causing negative pressure to be generated in the clean room; the dust blocked in the filter element and filter holes is stubbornly attached to the filter element and filter holes under the action of the airflow suction force generated by the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber; since the air inlet 12 is connected to the turbid ambient atmosphere through a pipeline, the gas-ash chamber maintains normal pressure.

The amount of dust clogged in the filter element and filter holes continues to increase, resulting in a continuous increase in the negative pressure in the clean room; when the negative pressure in the clean room reaches a preset value, the No. 1 valve group operates quickly, and the induced draft fan 5 continuously draws the air in the gas-ash room through the second suction pipe 11; at the same time, the air inlet 12 is closed, and the air in the gas-ash room is continuously drawn away, resulting in a negative pressure in the gas-ash room; when the negative pressure in the gas-ash room is equal to the negative pressure in the clean room, since the dust in the filter holes and the filter element is stubbornly stuck on them, the dust will not fall off naturally due to its own gravity, and the dust will only be peeled off from the filter element and the filter holes when the negative pressure in the gas-ash room is greater than the negative pressure in the clean room and the pressure difference generated is sufficient to peel off the dust attached to the filter holes and the filter element.

It should be noted that the time it takes to form negative pressure in the gas-ash chamber is different from the time it takes to form negative pressure in the clean room. In the process of generating negative pressure in the gas-ash chamber, since the filter element and the filter holes are severely blocked and the air inlet 12 is closed, the time it takes for negative pressure to form in the gas-ash chamber and reach the dust stripping pressure is relatively short. Moreover, when the second air intake pipe 11 draws air from the gas-ash chamber, since the air inlet 12 is closed, part of the dust in the gas-ash chamber has been deposited at the bottom of the ash hopper 3. Therefore, only a small amount of dust suspended in the gas-ash chamber passes through the second air intake pipe 11 and is discharged through the induced draft fan 5. The dust content is relatively small and the superposition time is relatively short. Therefore, it will basically not affect the cleanliness of the air discharged from the induced draft fan 5.

The present invention can automatically switch the airflow direction according to the pressure change in the clean room, realize the pressure difference exchange between the clean room and the air-ash chamber, and automatically peel off the blocked dust by the reverse flow of the airflow, and automatically switch to normal operation after the dust is separated from the filter tank 9.

As a further solution of the present invention, the first valve group includes a first valve housing 37 connecting the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 and the first suction pipe 7, and the valve core inside the first valve housing 37 is connected to a valve handle 38 rotatably arranged outside the first valve housing 37;

The valve handle 38 cooperates with a control assembly, and the control assembly includes a buffer tank 13 installed below the gas tank 6, an actuator 36 that cooperates with the valve handle 38, and a trigger mechanism that connects the actuator 36 and the buffer tank 13;

One end of the buffer tank 13 is connected to one end of the gas tank 6, and two sets of sliding cakes 15 fixed to each other are arranged in the buffer tank 13. A No. 1 sealing ring 16 is arranged on the outer periphery of the sliding cake 15, and the sliding cake 15 slides in the buffer tank 13 in a sealed manner through the No. 1 sealing ring 16;

A telescopic rod 14 is provided on one side of the sliding cake 15, and the telescopic rod 14 extends from the other end of the buffer tank 13, and one end of the telescopic rod 14 extending from the buffer tank 13 is connected to the trigger mechanism, and a buffer spring 17 is provided on the other side of the sliding cake 15, one end of the buffer spring 17 contacts the sliding cake 15, and the other end of the buffer spring 17 contacts the inner wall of the buffer tank 13;

The trigger mechanism drives the actuator 36 to move instantaneously when the telescopic rod 14 telescopes relative to the buffer tank 13 to a predetermined stroke, thereby switching the connection state of the first valve group.

It should be noted that the telescopic rod 14 and the buffer tank 13 are not sealed, that is, the left side of the buffer tank 13 in FIG. 6 is connected to the clean room and isolated from the ambient atmosphere, while the right side is connected to the ambient atmosphere.

In this embodiment, when the filter element and the filter holes are not blocked, the clean room and the air-ash chamber can be normally connected through the filter holes and the filter element, and there is no pressure difference between the air-ash chamber and the clean room; in this state, the slide 15 is always at the rightmost end of the travel of the slide 15 under the elastic force of the buffer spring 17.

If blockage occurs between the filter element and the filter hole, resulting in obstruction of the air flow between the clean room and the air-ash chamber, negative pressure will be generated in the clean room. As the blockage continues to worsen, the negative pressure in the clean room continues to increase. When the pressure generated by the negative pressure is greater than the elastic force of the buffer spring 17, the sliding cake 15 will slide continuously to the left with the No. 1 sealing ring 16 to reduce the negative pressure generated in the clean room.

As a further solution of the present invention, the trigger mechanism includes a connecting sleeve 18 fixed to one end of the telescopic rod 14 extending out of the buffer tank 13, and one end of the connecting sleeve 18 is sleeved with one end of the push-pull frame 19;

The other end of the push-pull frame 19 is rotatably provided with two rollers 20 , which are distributed up and down, and one of the rollers 20 is rotatably matched with the positioning hole 1401 on the telescopic rod 14 through a positioning column 21 .

Since one end of the push-pull frame 19 is fitted with the connecting sleeve 18 and one of the rollers 20 is rotatably matched with the positioning column 21 and the positioning hole 1401 , the push-pull frame 19 can only move horizontally following the telescopic rod 14 .

The trigger mechanism further includes a transverse frame 31 , one end of the upper edge of the transverse frame 31 is sleeved with the connecting sleeve 18 , and the other end of the upper edge of the transverse frame 31 is provided with a pin hole 3102 , and the pin hole 3102 is fixed to the telescopic rod 14 through a pin 1402 .

Through the above arrangement, the transverse moving frame 31 can only move horizontally following the telescopic rod 14 .

A guide rail plate 34 is also installed on the outer wall of the box body 2, and a rectangular track groove 3401 is formed on the guide rail plate 34. A slot plate 24 is arranged on the guide rail plate 34, and an inclined slot 2401 is formed on the slot plate 24.

An embedded roller 23 is rollingly embedded in the inclined groove 2401, and the embedded roller 23 is rotatably set at the lower end of the lifting member 22. A protrusion 2202 is set at the upper end of the lifting member 22, and a vertical groove 2201 is formed on the lifting member 22, and the two rollers 20 are rollingly embedded in the vertical groove 2201.

By rolling and engaging two rollers 20 arranged one above and one below and the vertical groove 2201, the lifting member 22 is restricted to always remain vertical, and when the push-pull frame 19 moves horizontally, the two rollers 20 can drive the lifting member 22 to follow the horizontal movement; in addition, because the embedded roller 23 is rollingly engaged in the inclined groove 2401, the lifting member 22 will also move up and down when the push-pull frame 19 drives the lifting member 22 to move horizontally.

A hoop 35 is provided on the outer wall of the box body 2, a sleeve 26 is slidably provided in the hoop 35, a follower 25 is engaged with the upper part of the sleeve 26, a horizontal transverse groove 2501 is provided on the follower 25, and the protruding column 2202 is slidably engaged in the transverse groove 2501.

Because the hoop 35 is fixed, the sleeve 26 can only slide up and down; when the lifting member 22 moves horizontally and up and down at the same time, the boss 2202 can only slide in the transverse groove 2501, so the boss 2202 can only drive the follower 25 to move up and down, and then drive the sleeve 26 to slide up and down along the hoop 35.

The transverse frame 31 is formed with a vertical groove 3101, in which a slider 32 is slidably disposed, and a clamping column 33 is rotatably disposed on the slider 32, and the clamping column 33 is rollingly engaged in the track groove 3401;

The sleeve 26 is slidably matched with the control rod 27, and the control rod 27 passes through the sleeve 26; the clamping column 33 is rotatably matched with one end of the trigger member 30, and the other end of the trigger member 30 is connected to the lower end of the control rod 27, and the lower end of the control rod 27 is also connected to the actuator 36;

A blocking portion 2701 is formed at the central position of the control rod 27, and the blocking portion 2701 is slidably matched with the inner wall of the sleeve 26. Two sections of force storage springs 28 are arranged in the sleeve 26. One end of the force storage spring 28 abuts against the blocking portion 2701, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve 26.

The force storage spring 28 remains in a compressed state.

In this embodiment, when the filter element and the filter holes are clogged, the conduction area between the clean room and the air-ash chamber is reduced, resulting in a pressure difference between the clean room and the air-ash chamber, wherein negative pressure is generated in the clean room while the air-ash chamber maintains normal pressure. The negative pressure in the clean room is transmitted to the buffer tank 13 through the gas tank 6, and the negative pressure attracts the sliding cake 15 and the No. 1 sealing ring 16 to slide horizontally to the left in the figure, and compresses the buffer spring 17 inside the buffer tank 13; the sliding cake 15 drives the telescopic rod 14 to slide horizontally to the left, and the telescopic rod 14 drives the push-pull frame 19 and the transverse frame 31 to move horizontally to the left; the push-pull frame 19 drives the lifting member 22 to move horizontally to the left by using two rollers 20, and the lifting member 22 also moves downward under the action of the embedded roller 23 and the inclined groove 2401; that is, when one end of the telescopic rod 14 extends out of the buffer tank 13 and approaches the buffer tank 13, the push-pull frame 19 and the transverse frame 31 follow the horizontal movement and approach the buffer tank 13, and the lifting member 22 performs a compound movement of moving horizontally with the push-pull frame 19 approaching the buffer tank 13 and moving downward at the same time;

When the lifting member 22 moves horizontally to the left and downward at the same time, the boss 2202 cooperates with the transverse groove 2501 to drive the follower 25 to move downward, thereby driving the sleeve 26 to move downward; wherein, since the boss 2202 slides horizontally in the transverse groove 2501, the follower 25 will not be subjected to the horizontal force to the left from the boss 2202, but will only be subjected to the vertical downward force from the boss 2202.

During the horizontal movement of the transverse frame 31 to the left, the slider 32 and the clamping column 33 are driven to move horizontally to the left along the upper track of the track groove 3401. Therefore, the clamping column 33 only moves horizontally to the left. Because the clamping column 33 is engaged with the flat groove 3001, the trigger member 30 remains stationary during the horizontal movement of the clamping column 33 to the left along the upper track of the track groove 3401, thereby keeping the control rod 27 fixed to one end of the trigger member 30 stationary.

Referring to the drawings, combined with the above process, it can be known that when the telescopic rod 14 moves to the left, the sleeve 26 moves downward, while the trigger member 30 and the control rod 27 remain stationary, causing a section of the storage spring 28 located above to be further compressed.

When the clamping column 33 moves horizontally to the left to the upper left corner inflection point of the track groove 3401, the compressed force storage spring 28 releases the elastic force and squeezes the blocking portion 2701, eventually driving the control rod 27 to move downward rapidly; the lower end of the control rod 27 drives the clamping column 33 to move downward rapidly along the left side track of the track groove 3401 through the trigger member 30; the clamping column 33 drives the slider 32 to slide down along the vertical groove 3101.

When the control rod 27 moves downward quickly, the actuator 36 moves instantly to switch the connection state of the No. 1 valve group, so that the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 is disconnected from the first suction pipe 7, and the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 is connected to the second suction pipe 11, and at the same time, the air inlet 12 is closed;

After that, the induced draft fan 5 continuously extracts air in the gas-ash chamber, so that negative pressure is also generated in the gas-ash chamber; when the negative pressure in the gas-ash chamber is greater than the negative pressure in the clean room, and the pressure difference generated is sufficient to peel off the dust attached to the filter holes and the filter element, the dust will be instantly peeled off from the filter element and the filter holes, and fall to the bottom of the ash hopper 3, and the filter element and the filter holes are no longer blocked, that is, the clean room and the gas-ash chamber are restored to a normal conductive state.

It is emphasized that at the moment when the negative pressure in the air-ash chamber is greater than the negative pressure in the clean room and reaches a level that can peel off the dust attached to the filter holes and the filter element, the clean room is connected to the ambient atmosphere, and the clean room with a negative pressure inside draws air from the external environment and conducts it to the air-ash chamber, so that both the clean room and the air-ash chamber return to normal pressure.

When the clean room and the gas-ash chamber are restored to normal pressure, the pressure difference between the two is eliminated. At the same time, the No. 1 valve group acts in the reverse direction, switching back to the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 connected to the first suction pipe 7, and the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 is disconnected from the second suction pipe 11. At the same time, the air inlet 12 is opened to isolate the clean room from the ambient atmosphere.

It should be added that, in the process of the clean room being connected to the ambient atmosphere, the negative pressure in the clean room is continuously reduced, and the buffer spring 17 drives the sliding plate 15 and the No. 1 sealing ring 16 to continuously slide to the right, so that the telescopic rod 14 continuously moves to the right;

The telescopic rod 14 then drives the push-pull frame 19 and the transverse frame 31 to move horizontally to the right; the push-pull frame 19 uses two rollers 20 to drive the lifting member 22 to move horizontally to the right, and the lifting member 22 also moves upward under the action of the embedded roller 23 and the inclined groove 2401; that is, when the end of the telescopic rod 14 extending out of the buffer tank 13 moves away from the buffer tank 13, the push-pull frame 19 and the transverse frame 31 move horizontally away from the buffer tank 13, and the lifting member 22 performs a compound motion of moving horizontally to the right with the push-pull frame 19 and moving upward at the same time;

When the lifting member 22 moves horizontally rightward and upward at the same time, the follower 25 is driven to move upward by the cooperation between the convex column 2202 and the transverse groove 2501, thereby driving the sleeve 26 to move upward.

During the horizontal rightward movement of the transverse frame 31, the slider 32 and the clamping column 33 are driven to move horizontally to the right along the lower track of the track groove 3401. Therefore, the clamping column 33 only moves horizontally to the right. Because the clamping column 33 is engaged with the flat groove 3001, the trigger member 30 remains stationary during the horizontal rightward movement of the clamping column 33 along the lower track of the track groove 3401, thereby keeping the control rod 27 fixed to one end of the trigger member 30 stationary.

Referring to the drawings, combined with the above process, it can be known that when the telescopic rod 14 moves to the right, the sleeve 26 moves upward, while the trigger member 30 and the control rod 27 remain stationary, causing a section of the storage spring 28 located below to be further compressed.

When the clamping column 33 moves horizontally to the lower right corner inflection point of the track groove 3401, the compressed force storage spring 28 releases the elastic force and squeezes the blocking part 2701, and finally drives the control rod 27 to move upward quickly; the lower end of the control rod 27 drives the clamping column 33 to move upward quickly along the right edge of the track groove 3401 through the trigger member 30; the clamping column 33 drives the slider 32 to slide up along the vertical groove 3101.

When the control lever 27 moves upward rapidly, the actuator 36 moves instantaneously to switch the connection state of the No. 1 valve group, so that the air intake end of the induced draft fan 5 is connected to the first suction pipe 7 again, and the air intake end of the induced draft fan 5 is disconnected from the second suction pipe 11, and at the same time, the air intake port 12 is reopened.

As a further solution of the present invention, a horizontal clearance groove 3601 is formed at the upper end of the actuator 36, and the lower end of the control rod 27 is fixed to the actuator 36 through the driving rod 29;

A switching column 39 is disposed at the end of the valve handle 38, and the switching column 39 is slidably engaged in the paving groove 3601;

A sealing plate 41 is provided at the air inlet 12 in a sealing and sliding manner, and the upper portion of the sealing plate 41 is fixed to the lower end of the actuator 36 via an opening and closing member 40 .

In this embodiment, when the control rod 27 drives the actuator 36 to move downward through the driving rod 29, the valve handle 38 is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the giving groove 3601 and the switching column 39 to realize the switching of the No. 1 valve group, so that the air intake end of the induced draft fan 5 switches from being connected to the first suction pipe 7 to being connected to the second suction pipe 11; at the same time, the actuator 36 also drives the sealing plate 41 to move downward through the opening and closing member 40 to block the air inlet 12.

Correspondingly, when the control rod 27 drives the actuator 36 to move upward through the driving rod 29, the valve handle 38 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction through the cooperation of the giving way groove 3601 and the switching column 39, so that the air intake end of the induced draft fan 5 switches from being connected with the second suction pipe 11 to being connected with the first suction pipe 7 again; at the same time, the actuator 36 drives the sealing plate 41 to move upward through the opening and closing member 40 to reopen the air inlet 12.

As a further solution of the present invention, a normally closed No. 2 valve group is also provided on the outer wall of the box body 2, and the No. 2 valve group is connected to the clean room through the air supply pipe 55;

The No. 2 valve group cooperates with the elastic component, and the elastic component is connected to the gas-ash chamber. When the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber is eliminated, the elastic component opens the No. 2 valve group to make the clean room connected to the ambient atmosphere through the air supply pipe 55 and the No. 2 valve group.

A transmission structure is also provided between the No. 2 valve group and the actuator 36. The transmission structure drives the valve handle 38 to rotate in the opposite direction when the actuator 36 drives the valve handle 38 to rotate in the opposite direction. In the process of switching the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 from being connected with the second air intake pipe 11 to being connected with the first air intake pipe 7 again, the No. 2 valve group is closed to isolate the clean room from the ambient atmosphere.

In this embodiment, when the equipment is in normal operation, valve group No. 2 remains closed. When the negative pressure in the air-ash chamber increases continuously and exceeds the negative pressure in the clean room, and reaches the moment when the dust attached to the filter holes and the filter element can be peeled off, the dust particles blocked in the filter element and the filter holes are rushed to the bottom of the ash hopper 3 by the reverse airflow generated by the pressure difference; the clean room and the air-ash chamber are smoothly connected again, and the pressure difference between the two is instantly eliminated. In this process, valve group No. 2 is opened by the elastic component to connect the clean room with the ambient atmosphere. The clean room with a negative pressure inside draws air from the external environment and conducts it to the air-ash chamber, so that the clean room and the air-ash chamber are restored to normal pressure.

In the process of the pressure in the clean room recovering from negative pressure to normal pressure, the buffer spring 17 drives the slide 15 and the telescopic rod 14 to move to the right to the initial position with its elastic force, and the telescopic rod 14 drives the push-pull frame 19 and the transverse frame 31 to move to the rightmost end respectively. Correspondingly, the clamping column 33 moves to the lower right inflection point of the track groove 3401, and the protruding column 2202 rises to the highest point of its stroke, and a section of the storage spring 28 below releases its elastic force to drive the control rod 27 to bounce up, and finally drives the actuator 36 to rise. The rise of the actuator 36 switches the No. 1 valve group to the initial state. At the same time, the No. 2 valve group is closed through the transmission structure.

As a further solution of the present invention, the second valve group includes a second valve housing 51 installed at the end of the air supply pipe 55, and a valve ball 52 is provided inside the second valve housing 51 in a sealing and rotatable manner, and a valve channel is provided in the center of the valve ball 52;

The valve ball 52 is connected to a rotating column, and the rotating column passes through the second valve housing 51 and rotates in a sealed manner with the second valve housing 51. One end of the rotating column passing through the second valve housing 51 is coaxially connected to the ratchet 49, and the elastic component and the transmission structure are both matched with the ratchet 49.

In this embodiment, when the negative pressure value in the air-ash chamber exceeds the negative pressure in the clean room and reaches the moment of dust stripping, the dust particles rush to the bottom of the ash hopper 3, so the pressure difference between the clean room and the air-ash chamber is instantly eliminated. At this moment, the pressures in the clean room and the air-ash chamber fluctuate, specifically, the negative pressure in the air-ash chamber decreases, while the negative pressure in the clean room increases.

Because the elastic component is connected to the gas-ash chamber, the pressure fluctuation in the gas-ash chamber at this moment is utilized to open the No. 2 valve group through the elastic component.

After valve group No. 2 is opened, the clean room is connected to the ambient atmosphere, so the pressure in the clean room and the gas-ash chamber can gradually return to normal pressure. At the moment of returning to normal pressure, the control rod 27 drives the actuator 36 to rise through the driving rod 29, and closes valve group No. 2 through the transmission structure.

As a further solution of the present invention, the elastic assembly includes a pressure regulating tube 42 horizontally arranged on the outer wall of the box body 2, and one end of the pressure regulating tube 42 is connected to the inside of the gas-ash chamber through a conduit 44;

The elastic assembly further includes a balance spring 46 disposed inside the pressure regulating tube 42. The pressure regulating tube 42 is slidably matched with the movable rod 43, and one end of the movable rod 43 extends out of the pressure regulating tube 42.

The other end of the movable rod 43 is formed with a sliding cap, and a second sealing ring 45 is embedded on the surface of the sliding cap. The sliding cap is sealed and slidably matched with the inner wall of the pressure regulating tube 42 through the second sealing ring 45. One end of the balance spring 46 is in contact with the inner wall of the pressure regulating tube 42 close to the guide tube 44, and the other end of the balance spring 46 is in contact with the sliding cap.

The movable rod 43 and the inner wall of the pressure regulating tube 42 are clearance-matched.

When the air inlet 12 is not closed and the No. 1 valve group has not yet connected the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 to the second air suction pipe 11, the air ash chamber is basically in a normal pressure state; only after the air inlet 12 is closed by the sealing plate 41 and the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 is switched to be connected to the second air suction pipe 11, as the induced draft fan 5 continues to work, negative pressure will be generated in the air ash chamber;

When negative pressure is generated in the gas-ash chamber, the negative pressure in the gas-ash chamber is transmitted to the pressure regulating pipe 42 through the conduit 44. Under the suction effect of the negative pressure in the gas-ash chamber, the sliding cap and the movable rod 43 move closer to the conduit 44 and further compress the balance spring 46.

The elastic assembly further includes a flat plate 47, which is fixed to a section of the movable rod 43 extending from the pressure regulating tube 42, and a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the flat plate 47 at equal intervals along its length direction;

A movable tooth 48 is rotatably mounted in each mounting groove, and the movable tooth 48 is unidirectionally matched with the ratchet 49 .

In this embodiment, during the process of the sliding cap and the movable rod 43 approaching the conduit 44, the movable rod 43 drives the flat plate 47 and the multiple movable teeth 48 rotatably mounted thereon to approach the conduit 44. During this process, the movable teeth 48 pass over the ratchet 49 by swinging out of position without driving the ratchet 49 to rotate.

The reason why the valve ball 52 can be sealed and rotatably arranged inside the second valve housing 51 is that a sealing rubber layer structure is provided on the inner wall of the second valve housing 51, and the sealing rubber layer structure is soft. The valve ball 52 fits tightly with the sealing rubber layer structure on the inner wall of the second valve housing 51 to achieve sealed and rotatable cooperation between the outer surface of the valve ball 52 and the inner wall of the second valve housing 51.

Therefore, in order to rotate the ratchet 49, the valve ball 52 must be rotated by the rotating cylinder, and the valve ball 52 is tightly fitted with the sealing rubber layer structure on the inner wall of the second valve shell 51, and has a certain rotational friction, resulting in the movable tooth 48 only passing over the ratchet 49 when approaching the conduit 44, and will not drive the ratchet 49 to rotate.

At the moment when the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber is instantly eliminated, the negative pressure in the gas-ash chamber decreases and fluctuates. The instantaneous decrease in the negative pressure in the gas-ash chamber causes the sliding cap and the movable rod 43 to move away from the guide tube 44 by the elastic force of the balance spring 46.

The movable rod 43 drives the plate 47 and the movable teeth 48 on the plate 47 to move in a direction away from the conduit 44 , and drives the ratchet 49 to rotate through the movable teeth 48 , and finally opens the second valve group.

As a further solution of the present invention, the transmission structure includes a lever 50 fixed on one side of the ratchet 49, the lever 50 is arranged at an eccentric position of the ratchet 49, and the lever 50 is always located on a side close to the actuator 36;

A lever 53 is rotatably disposed on the actuator 36 , and the lever 53 is close to the ratchet 49 . A stopper 54 that cooperates with the lever 53 is also disposed on the actuator 36 .

In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 17. After the movable tooth 48 drives the ratchet 49 to rotate counterclockwise to open the No. 2 valve group, the lever 50 rotates from the upper right to the lower right in Figure 17; then the actuator 36 moves upward and contacts the lever 50 through the lever 53, thereby driving the ratchet 49 to rotate clockwise.

When the actuator 36 moves downward, after the lever 53 contacts the post 50 , the post 50 passes over the lever 53 by rotating counterclockwise to make way, without driving the ratchet 49 to rotate.

As a further solution of the present invention, a gate valve 4 is installed at the bottom of the ash hopper 3 to facilitate ash unloading.

Finally, it should be emphasized that dust treatment is different from other working conditions. Generally, the on-site environment is relatively harsh and dusty. In addition, due to the large size of the equipment, the equipment is basically installed outdoors. The present invention adopts a method similar to mechanical coordination control to achieve mutual switching between the functional components. Compared with the common electronic sensing control module combined with the control circuit, it can adapt to the above-mentioned harsh turbid environment. In the open air environment, the general electronic sensing control module and the electronic circuit system are exposed to wind, sun and rain, and the frequency of failure is very high.

In addition, the present invention also proposes a method for treating dust using the vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Check the air tightness of the gate valve 4, valve group No. 1, valve group No. 2, and the connection tightness of the conduit 44 to verify that there is no air leakage;

Step 2: Check the workstation to check the normally open state of valve group No. 1 and the normally closed state of valve group No. 2, and ensure that the sealing plate 41 is at the upper end of its stroke;

Step 3: Pipeline connection: connect one end of the pipe connected to the dust source to the air inlet 12, and connect the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 5 to the No. 1 valve group;

Step 4: Start the equipment and turn on the power switch of the induced draft fan 5 to purify the dust.

The above embodiments are exemplary rather than restrictive, so the technical solutions of the present invention that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention are all included in the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment, comprising a frame; A partition is installed on the top of the frame, a box is installed above the partition, and an ash hopper is installed below. The partition separates the ash hopper and the box into a clean room and an air-ash room; The partition is provided with an installation opening, a filter tank is installed at the installation opening through a sealing ring, a plurality of filter holes are provided on the filter tank, a filter element is arranged inside the filter tank, and the bottom of the filter tank has an opening; The lower end of the filter tank extends into the gas-ash chamber, and the upper part of the filter tank is in the clean room; The invention is characterized in that: an induced draft fan is installed outside the box, and the air inlet end of the induced draft fan is connected to the clean room through the first air suction pipe and the gas tank in sequence; a No. 1 valve group is arranged at the connection between the air inlet end of the induced draft fan and the first air suction pipe, and the No. 1 valve group is also connected to the gas-ash chamber through the second air suction pipe; An air inlet is installed on one side of the ash hopper, and the No. 1 valve group is in a normally open state between the air inlet end of the induced draft fan and the first suction pipe; When the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber reaches a preset value, valve group No. 1 operates to disconnect the air inlet end of the induced draft fan from the first suction pipe, and connect the air inlet end of the induced draft fan to the second suction pipe, thereby closing the air inlet; and when the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber is eliminated, valve group No. 1 operates in the reverse direction to switch the air inlet end of the induced draft fan to the first suction pipe again, and disconnect it from the second suction pipe, thereby opening the air inlet. 2. The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that the first valve group includes a first valve housing connected to the air inlet end of the induced draft fan and the first air intake pipe, and the valve core inside the first valve housing is connected to the valve handle rotatably arranged outside the first valve housing; The valve handle cooperates with the control assembly, which includes a buffer tank installed below the gas tank, an actuator that cooperates with the valve handle, and a trigger mechanism that connects the actuator and the buffer tank; One end of the buffer tank is connected to one end of the gas tank, and two sets of sliding cakes fixed to each other are arranged in the buffer tank, and a No. 1 sealing ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the sliding cake, and the sliding cake slides in the buffer tank through the No. 1 sealing ring in a sealed manner; A telescopic rod is provided on one side of the sliding cake, and the telescopic rod extends from the other end of the buffer tank. One end of the telescopic rod extending from the buffer tank is connected to the trigger mechanism. A buffer spring is provided on the other side of the sliding cake, one end of the buffer spring contacts the sliding cake, and the other end of the buffer spring contacts the inner wall of the buffer tank. When the telescopic rod is telescoped relative to the buffer tank to a predetermined stroke, the trigger mechanism drives the actuator to move instantaneously, thereby switching the connection state of the No. 1 valve group. 3. The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that the trigger mechanism comprises a connecting sleeve fixed to one end of the telescopic rod extending out of the buffer tank, one end of the connecting sleeve being sheathed with one end of the push-pull frame; The other end of the push-pull frame is rotatably provided with two rollers, which are distributed up and down, and one of the rollers is rotatably matched with the positioning hole on the telescopic rod through the positioning column; The trigger mechanism also includes a transverse frame, one end of the upper edge of the transverse frame is sleeved with the connecting sleeve, the other end of the upper edge of the transverse frame is provided with a pin hole, and the pin hole is fixed to the telescopic rod through a pin; A guide rail plate is also installed on the outer wall of the box body, a rectangular track groove is formed on the guide rail plate, a slot plate is arranged on the guide rail plate, and an inclined slot is formed on the slot plate; An embedded roller is rotatably embedded in the inclined groove, and the embedded roller is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the lifting member, a convex column is arranged at the upper end of the lifting member, and a vertical groove is formed on the lifting member, and two rollers are rotatably embedded in the vertical groove; A hoop is arranged on the outer wall of the box body, a sleeve is slidably arranged in the hoop, a follower is clamped on the upper part of the sleeve, a horizontal transverse groove is arranged on the follower, and the convex column is slidably engaged in the transverse groove; A vertical groove is formed on the transverse frame, a slider is slidably arranged in the vertical groove, a clamping column is rotatably arranged on the slider, and the clamping column is rollingly embedded in the track groove; The sleeve is slidably matched with the control rod, and the control rod passes through the sleeve; the clamping column is rotatably matched with one end of the trigger member, and the other end of the trigger member is connected to the lower end of the control rod, and the lower end of the control rod is also connected to the actuator; A baffle is formed at the central position of the control rod, and the baffle is slidably matched with the inner wall of the sleeve. Two sections of force storage springs are arranged in the sleeve, one end of the force storage spring contacts the baffle, and the other end contacts the inner wall of the sleeve. 4. The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that a horizontal clearance groove is formed at the upper end of the actuator, and the lower end of the control rod is fixed to the actuator through a driving rod; A switching column is provided at the end of the valve handle, and the switching column is slidably engaged in the giving way groove; A sealing plate is provided at the air inlet for sealing and sliding, and the upper part of the sealing plate is fixed to the lower end of the actuator through an opening and closing member. 5. The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that a normally closed No. 2 valve group is also provided on the outer wall of the box body, and the No. 2 valve group is connected to the clean room through an air supply pipe; The No. 2 valve group cooperates with the elastic component, and the elastic component is connected to the gas-ash chamber. When the pressure difference between the clean room and the gas-ash chamber is eliminated, the elastic component opens the No. 2 valve group to make the clean room connected to the ambient atmosphere through the air supply pipe and the No. 2 valve group; A transmission structure is also provided between the No. 2 valve group and the actuator. When the actuator drives the valve handle to rotate in the opposite direction, the transmission structure closes the No. 2 valve group during the process in which the air inlet end of the induced draft fan switches from being connected with the second air intake pipe to being connected with the first air intake pipe again, so as to isolate the clean room from the ambient atmosphere. 6. A vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that the second valve group comprises a second valve housing installed at the end of the air supply pipe, a valve ball is provided inside the second valve housing for sealing and rotation, and a valve channel is provided in the center of the valve ball; The valve ball is connected to a rotating column, and the rotating column passes through the second valve housing and cooperates with the second valve housing to seal and rotate. One end of the rotating column passing through the second valve housing is coaxially connected to a ratchet, and the elastic component and the transmission structure are both matched with the ratchet. 7. The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that the elastic assembly comprises a pressure regulating pipe horizontally arranged on the outer wall of the box body, and one end of the pressure regulating pipe is connected to the inside of the gas-ash chamber through a conduit; The elastic assembly further comprises a balance spring arranged inside the pressure regulating tube, the pressure regulating tube is slidably matched with the movable rod, and one end of the movable rod extends out of the pressure regulating tube; The other end of the movable rod is formed with a sliding cap, a No. 2 sealing ring is embedded on the surface of the sliding cap, the sliding cap is sealingly slidably matched with the inner wall of the voltage regulating tube through the No. 2 sealing ring, one end of the balance spring is in contact with the inner wall of the voltage regulating tube close to the conduit, and the other end of the balance spring is in contact with the sliding cap; The elastic assembly also includes a flat plate, which is fixed to a section of the movable rod extending from the voltage regulating tube, and a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the flat plate at equal intervals along its length direction; A movable tooth is rotatably mounted in each mounting groove, and the movable tooth is unidirectionally matched with the ratchet wheel. 8. The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that the transmission structure comprises a lever fixed on one side of the ratchet, the lever is arranged at the eccentric position of the ratchet, and the lever is always located on the side close to the actuator; A shifting rod is rotatably arranged on the actuator, and the shifting rod is close to the ratchet wheel. A stopper matched with the shifting rod is also arranged on the actuator. 9. The vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that a gate valve is installed at the bottom of the ash hopper. 10. A method for treating dust using the vertical filter cartridge type dust treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1: Check the air tightness of the gate valve, valve group 1, valve group 2, and the connection of the conduit to verify that there is no air leakage; Step 2: Check the workstation to check the normally open state of valve group 1 and the normally closed state of valve group 2; Step 3: Pipeline connection: connect one end of the pipe connected to the dust source to the air inlet, and connect the air inlet end of the induced draft fan to valve group No. 1; Step 4: Start the equipment, turn on the power switch of the induced draft fan, and purify the dust.