CN118706310A - An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatically collecting and transmitting data - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatically collecting and transmitting, which comprises a clay head, wherein an organic glass tube is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the clay head, a mounting shell is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the organic glass tube near the upper side, a pressure sensor is arranged in the mounting shell in a threaded manner, the lower surface of the pressure sensor is inserted into the organic glass tube, a protection mechanism is sleeved between the outer surface of the clay head and the outer surface of the mounting shell, a thread sleeve is arranged on the upper side of the outer surface of the protection mechanism in a threaded manner, and a mounting box is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the thread sleeve. The intelligent soil tensiometer can provide real-time monitoring data, timely know soil information, can better manage an irrigation system, has the characteristics of protection, water resistance, interference resistance and the like, can stably operate under various environmental conditions, is more stable and firm in installation, is not easy to be collided and damaged by mistake, and is safer in use.

Description

An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatically collecting and transmitting data

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil tension measuring equipment, in particular to an intelligent soil tension meter capable of automatically collecting and transmitting data.

Background Art

A soil tensiometer is a device that can directly and accurately monitor soil moisture conditions. It uses soil water potential to accurately reflect the extent to which soil moisture can be effectively absorbed and utilized by crops from an energy perspective. Traditional soil tensiometer equipment is mainly composed of a clay head, a plexiglass tube, a vacuum gauge and other components.

In the prior art, traditional soil tensiometers have many limitations. When using traditional soil tensiometers for measurement, remote monitoring is not possible and manual close-range viewing and recording are required, especially in large areas of farmland, which usually requires more time and labor costs, making it difficult to monitor in remote or difficult-to-access areas; traditional soil tensiometers are usually intermittent measurement tools and cannot provide continuous real-time monitoring data, which makes real-time monitoring of dynamic changes in soil moisture difficult; at the same time, the plexiglass tube lacks protection, is easily broken and damaged, and is easily disturbed by external temperature, causing changes in the pressure inside the plexiglass tube; after installation, because the plexiglass tube and the clay head are relatively fragile, when the soil tensiometer is installed unstably and there is a problem of tilt, there is a problem of structural damage, and the liquid is easily accidentally touched and tipped over, causing damage to the soil tensiometer, making it unsafe to use.

Summary of the invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatically collecting and transmitting, comprising a clay head, a plexiglass tube fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the clay head, and the upper surface of the plexiglass tube is an open structure, a mounting shell fixedly mounted near the upper side of the outer surface of the plexiglass tube, an inner thread is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting shell, the lower part of the mounting shell is sleeved on the plexiglass, a pressure sensor is mounted on the inner thread of the mounting shell, and the lower surface of the pressure sensor is inserted into the plexiglass tube, and a mounting shell is sleeved between the outer surface of the clay head and the outer surface of the mounting shell. A protective mechanism is provided, a threaded sleeve is threadedly installed on the upper position of the outer surface of the protective mechanism, a mounting box is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the threaded sleeve, a control mechanism is fixedly installed on the lower inner wall of the mounting box near the right side, a sealing cover is threadedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting box, a power supply mechanism is arranged on the left position of the lower inner wall of the mounting box and the upper surface of the sealing cover, a sliding sleeve is provided on the movable sleeve of the outer surface of the protective mechanism, the sliding sleeve is locked and fixed to the protective mechanism by a locking bolt, supporting mechanisms are arranged on the surrounding sides of the sliding sleeve, and fixing mechanisms are arranged on the lower end heads of the supporting mechanisms.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a first rubber sealing ring is installed between the lower surface of the pressure sensor and the lower inner wall of the mounting shell.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the protective mechanism includes a shell seat, a protective round shell and a thermal insulation layer. The shell seat is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the clay head near the upper side, and the upper surface of the shell seat is threadedly installed with a protective round shell. The protective round shell includes a round shell body and an L-shaped connecting portion arranged on the top of the round shell body. The upper part of the round shell body is installed together with the threaded sleeve through threads, and the L-shaped connecting portion is installed together with the mounting shell through threads.

The insulation layer is composed of a rock wool layer, a first XPS insulation board layer, a second XPS insulation board layer, an aerogel insulation felt layer and an air layer from the outside to the inside. The heights of the air layer and the rock wool layer are consistent with those of the protective round shell. The height of the aerogel insulation felt layer is 15-20cm, the height of the second XPS insulation board layer is 25-30cm, and the length of the first XPS insulation board layer is 30-60cm.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a second rubber sealing ring is provided at a position of the lower side wall of the installation box corresponding to the pressure sensor.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the control mechanism includes a controller, an information processing module, a storage device, a wireless communication module and a waterproof switch. The controller is installed on the lower inner wall of the installation box, and the upper surface of the controller is provided with the information processing module, the storage device and the wireless communication module. A waterproof switch is embedded on the front side wall of the installation box, and the controller is electrically connected to the information processing module, the storage device, the wireless communication module, the waterproof switch and the pressure sensor.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the power supply mechanism includes a battery and a solar panel assembly, the battery is installed on the lower side wall of the installation box, and the solar panel assembly is embedded in the upper surface of the sealing cover.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the supporting mechanism includes a first hinge, a telescopic rod assembly and a second hinge, the first hinge is installed on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve, the telescopic rod assembly is connected to the first hinge, and the second hinge is connected to the lower end of the telescopic rod assembly.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fixing mechanism includes a support plate, a pin hole and a pin. The support plate is connected to the second hinge. The support plate is provided with a pin hole, and the pin is inserted into the pin hole.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent soil tensiometer that can automatically collect and transmit data, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. The intelligent soil tensiometer that can automatically collect and transmit data collects pressure sensor data by setting a control mechanism and feeding the collected information back to the server. It can provide real-time monitoring data and timely understand soil information, which can help farmers determine the irrigation needs of plants more accurately and conduct precise irrigation management. By monitoring the soil moisture condition, over-irrigation or insufficient water can be avoided, thereby improving the efficiency of water resource utilization. Since soil moisture can be monitored in real time, farmers can adjust irrigation plans according to actual needs, avoid unnecessary water waste, and achieve water-saving effects. Through precise water management, crops can grow under suitable water conditions, thereby increasing yields and improving crop quality. In addition, some devices also support remote control functions to achieve real-time monitoring and remote control, enabling farmers to manage irrigation systems through remote means such as mobile devices.

2. The intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatically collecting and transmitting data has a protective mechanism to cover the outer surface of the organic glass tube, and then a sealing cover to cover the upper surface of the pressure sensor through an installation box and a sealing cover, so that the soil tensiometer has the characteristics of protection, waterproofness and anti-interference. The organic glass tube is not easy to be damaged, not easy to get water in, and will not be disturbed by external temperature, so as to ensure stable operation under various environmental conditions. The whole soil tensiometer is more convenient to disassemble and assemble, which is conducive to subsequent maintenance.

3. The intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatically collecting and transmitting data fixes the sliding sleeve to the outer surface of the protective mechanism by setting a locking bolt, and then supports and fixes the surrounding sides of the protective mechanism through a supporting mechanism and a fixing mechanism. The soil tensiometer is installed more stably and firmly, is not easily accidentally knocked over and causes damage to the clay head and the plexiglass tube, and is safer to use.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic data collection and transmission proposed by the present invention;

FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a protective mechanism of an intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic data collection and transmission proposed by the present invention;

FIG3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG2 ;

FIG4 is a mounting box of an intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic data collection and transmission proposed by the present invention;

FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of a fixing mechanism of an intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic data collection and transmission proposed by the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a control system of an intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic data collection and transmission according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1, clay head; 2, organic glass tube; 3, installation shell; 4, pressure sensor; 5, protection mechanism; 501, protective round shell; 5011, round shell body; 5012, L-shaped connection part; 502, aerogel insulation felt layer; 503, second XPS insulation board layer; 504, first XPS insulation board layer; 505, rock wool layer; 506 air layer; 507, shell seat; 6, threaded sleeve; 7, installation box; 8, control mechanism; 801, controller; 802, information processing module; 803, storage; 804, wireless communication module block; 805, waterproof switch; 9, sealing cover; 10, power supply mechanism; 101, battery; 102, solar panel assembly; 11, sliding sleeve; 12, locking bolt; 13, supporting mechanism; 131, first hinge; 132, telescopic rod assembly; 133, second hinge; 14, fixing mechanism; 141, supporting plate; 142, pin hole; 143, pin; 15, first rubber sealing ring; 16, second rubber sealing ring.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, an intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission includes a clay head 1, which is the sensing component of the instrument and has many tiny pores. After the clay head is soaked in water, a layer of water film is formed in the pores. When the water-filled and sealed soil moisture meter is inserted into the unsaturated soil, the water film is connected with the soil water, so that the water inside the instrument generates negative pressure. The upper surface of the clay head 1 is fixedly mounted with an organic glass tube 2, and the upper surface of the organic glass tube 2 is an open structure. The organic glass tube 2 is a polymer transparent material with the characteristics of high transparency, high mechanical strength, light weight, and easy processing. To ensure a sealed environment for the soil tensiometer during measurement, a mounting shell 3 is fixedly installed near the upper side of the outer surface of the organic glass tube 2, an inner thread is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting shell 3, the lower part of the mounting shell 3 is sleeved on the organic glass, a pressure sensor 4 is installed on the inner thread of the mounting shell 3, and the lower surface of the pressure sensor 4 is inserted into the organic glass tube 2, an outer thread is arranged on the outer surface of the pressure sensor 4, a protective mechanism 5 is sleeved between the outer surface of the clay head 1 and the outer surface of the mounting shell 3, a threaded sleeve 6 is threadedly installed on the upper side of the outer surface of the protective mechanism 5, A mounting box 7 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the threaded sleeve 6, a control mechanism 8 is fixedly mounted on the lower inner wall of the mounting box 7 near the right side, a sealing cover 9 is threadedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting box 7, a power supply mechanism 10 is arranged on the left side of the lower inner wall of the mounting box 7 and on the upper surface of the sealing cover 9, a sliding sleeve 11 is provided on the movable sleeve of the outer surface of the protective mechanism 5, the sliding sleeve 11 is locked and fixed to the protective mechanism 5 by locking bolts 12, supporting mechanisms 13 are arranged on the surrounding sides of the sliding sleeve 11, and fixing mechanisms 14 are installed on the lower end heads of the supporting mechanisms 13.

Specifically, a first rubber sealing ring 15 is installed between the lower surface of the pressure sensor 4 and the lower inner wall of the installation shell 3 .

In this embodiment, the first rubber sealing ring 15 provides a better sealing and waterproof effect between the lower surface of the pressure sensor 4 and the upper surface of the mounting shell 3 .

Specifically, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the protective mechanism includes a shell seat 507, a protective round shell 501 and a thermal insulation layer, the shell seat 507 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the clay head near the upper side, and the protective round shell 501 is threadedly mounted on the upper surface of the shell seat 507. The protective round shell 501 includes a round shell body 5011 and an L-shaped connecting portion 5012 arranged on the top of the round shell body, the upper part of the round shell body 5011 is installed together with the threaded sleeve 6 through threads, and the L-shaped connecting portion 5012 is installed together with the mounting shell 3 through threads.

The insulation layer is composed of a rock wool layer 505, a first XPS insulation board layer 504, a second XPS insulation board layer 503, an aerogel insulation felt layer 502 and an air layer 506 from the outside to the inside. The heights of the air layer 506 and the rock wool layer 505 are consistent with those of the protective round shell 501, the height of the aerogel insulation felt layer 502 is 15-20 cm, the height of the second XPS insulation board layer 503 is 25-30 cm, and the length of the first XPS insulation board layer 504 is 30-60 cm. The heights of different insulation layers need to be designed according to the lengths of the soil tensiometer. Assuming a 15 cm soil tensiometer, the heights of the rock wool layer, the first XPS insulation board layer, the second XPS insulation board layer, the aerogel insulation felt layer and the air layer are consistent, and the plexiglass tube can be fully covered. Assuming that it is a 40cm long soil tensiometer, the height of the air layer and the rock wool layer is consistent with the protective round shell, which is 40cm, the height of the aerogel insulation felt layer is 15cm, the height of the second XPS insulation board layer is 25cm, and the length of the first XPS insulation board layer is 40cm. The remaining lengths can be set according to actual needs. The thickness of the rock wool layer, the first XPS insulation board layer, the second XPS insulation board layer, the aerogel insulation felt layer and the air layer can be set according to the performance and insulation requirements of different insulation materials. In this embodiment, the thickness of the rock wool layer, the first XPS insulation board layer, the second XPS insulation board layer, the aerogel insulation felt layer and the air layer are consistent. In this embodiment, the shell seat 507 is used to fix the lower inner wall of the protective round shell 501, and the upper inner wall of the protective round shell 501 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting shell 3, so that the shell seat 507 and the protective round shell 501 cover the upper side of the clay head 1 and the outer surface of the organic glass tube 2, and the protective round shell 501 is made of stainless steel.

The soil tensiometer needs to be buried in the soil when in use, but the temperature of the soil stratum has a certain relationship with the depth of the soil. As the depth of the soil layer increases, the temperature of the soil layer changes less and less, especially at the position of 15-20cm from the soil surface. The soil layer temperature has a corresponding relationship with the depth. The closer to the soil surface, the greater the temperature change. The soil tensiometer is generally 15cm-120cm deep. When the soil tensiometer is buried in the soil layer, the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the soil tensiometer is relatively large, resulting in uneven heating of the moisture in the soil tensiometer, which is easy to cause measurement errors. According to the relationship between the soil depth and the temperature, the present invention adopts different combinations of thermal insulation materials at different heights, so that the temperature of the organic glass tube in the protective round shell is not much different from top to bottom, and is almost the same, which effectively reduces the problem of uneven heating of the soil tensiometer and causes its measurement errors.

Specifically, a second rubber sealing ring 16 is provided at a position of the lower side wall of the installation box 7 corresponding to the pressure sensor 4 .

In this embodiment, the second rubber sealing ring 16 provides a better sealing and waterproof effect between the lower side wall of the installation box 7 and the outer surface of the pressure sensor 4 .

Specifically, the control mechanism 8 includes a controller 801, an information processing module 802, a storage device 803, a wireless communication module 804 and a waterproof switch 805. The controller 801 is installed on the lower inner wall of the installation box 7. The upper surface of the controller 801 is provided with the information processing module 802, the storage device 803 and the wireless communication module 804. The waterproof switch 805 is embedded on the front side wall of the installation box 7, and the controller 801 is electrically connected to the information processing module 802, the storage device 803, the wireless communication module 804, the waterproof switch 805 and the pressure sensor 4.

In this embodiment, the waterproof switch 805 turns on the controller 801, and the controller 801 collects information from the pressure sensor 4, and then processes it through the information processing module 802, converts the measured analog quantity into a digital quantity, that is, soil moisture, and stores it through the storage 803, and sends it to the background server through the wireless communication module 804, so as to timely understand the soil moisture conditions. The wireless communication module 804 can choose to use WIFi, LORA, Zigbee, 4G, NB-lot, etc., which is conducive to remote control and realizes real-time monitoring of soil moisture conditions.

Specifically, the power supply mechanism 10 includes a battery 101 and a solar panel assembly 102 . The battery 101 is installed on the lower side wall of the installation box 7 , and the solar panel assembly 102 is embedded in the upper surface of the sealing cover 9 .

In this embodiment, the solar panel assembly 102 provides electric energy for the battery 101 , and the battery 101 provides electric energy for the entire soil tensiometer, that is, provides electric energy for the pressure sensor 4 and the control mechanism 8 .

Specifically, the support mechanism 13 includes a first hinge 131, a telescopic rod assembly 132 and a second hinge 133. The first hinge 131 is installed on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve 11. The telescopic rod assembly 132 is connected to the first hinge 131, and the second hinge 133 is connected to the lower end of the telescopic rod assembly 132.

In this embodiment, the first hinge 131 enables the telescopic rod assembly 132 to be unfolded, and then the second hinge 133 enables the fixing mechanism 14 to be unfolded, thereby achieving the effect of supporting the protective circular shell 501 in the sliding sleeve 11. The telescopic rod assembly 132 is composed of a first sleeve, a second sleeve and a fastening bolt. The second sleeve can be moved in the first sleeve by tightening the fastening bolt to achieve the effect of adjusting the length.

Specifically, the fixing mechanism 14 includes a support plate 141 , a pin hole 142 and a pin 143 . The support plate 141 is connected to the second hinge 133 . The support plate 141 is provided with a pin hole 142 , and the pin 143 is inserted into the pin hole 142 .

In this embodiment, the support plate 141 is supported on the ground, and the pins 143 are inserted into the ground through the pin holes 142 to achieve the effect of fixing the support plate 141, that is, fixing the support mechanism 13.

The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: when in use, the sliding sleeve 11 is sleeved on the outer surface of the protective round shell 501, a hole is first drilled in the soil, the clay head 1 and the protective round shell 501 are inserted into the soil, the sliding sleeve 11 and the protective round shell 501 are locked and fixed by the locking bolt 12, and then the telescopic rod assembly 132 is unfolded by the first hinge 131 in the support mechanism 13, and the telescopic rod assembly 132 adjusts the position of the support plate 141 of the fixing mechanism 14 through the second hinge 133, so that the support plate 141 is in contact with the ground, and then the pin 143 is inserted into the ground through the pin hole 142, so as to achieve the protection of the protective round shell 501. The effect of installation and fixing is performed, so that the soil tensiometer is installed more stably and firmly. The waterproof switch 805 in the control mechanism 8 turns on the controller 801, and the controller 801 turns on various electrical components. The pressure sensor 4 checks the pressure in the organic glass tube 2 and feeds back the information to the controller 801. The controller 801 collects the information of the pressure sensor 4, and then processes it through the information processing module 802, converts the measured analog quantity into a digital quantity, that is, soil moisture, and stores it through the storage 803, and sends it to the background server through the wireless communication module 804, so that users can understand the soil moisture in time. Soil moisture conditions can help farmers determine the irrigation needs of plants more accurately and conduct precise irrigation management. By monitoring soil moisture conditions, over-irrigation or insufficient water can be avoided, thereby improving water resource utilization efficiency. Since soil moisture can be monitored in real time, farmers can adjust irrigation plans according to actual needs, avoid unnecessary water waste, and achieve water-saving effects. Through precise water management, crops can grow under suitable water conditions, thereby increasing yields and improving crop quality. In addition, some devices also support remote control functions to achieve real-time monitoring and remote control, enabling farmers to manage irrigation through remote means such as mobile devices. Irrigation system, during use, the shell seat 507 in the protection mechanism 5 is used to fix the lower inner wall of the protection round shell 501, and at the same time, the upper inner wall of the protection round shell 501 is threadedly connected with the outer surface of the mounting shell 3, so that the shell seat 507 and the protection round shell 501 cover the upper side of the clay head 1 and the outer surface of the organic glass tube 2, and the temperature is isolated by the insulation layer, so that the soil tensiometer has the characteristics of protection, waterproof and anti-interference, and the organic glass tube 2 is not easy to be damaged, not easy to get water and will not be disturbed by the external temperature, so as to ensure stable operation under various environmental conditions, and the whole soil tensiometer is more convenient to disassemble and assemble, which is conducive to subsequent maintenance.

In summary, the intelligent soil tensiometer that can automatically collect and transmit data can provide real-time monitoring data, timely understand soil information, and better manage the irrigation system. It has the characteristics of protection, waterproofness and anti-interference to ensure stable operation under various environmental conditions. In addition, the soil tensiometer is installed more stably and firmly, not easily damaged by accidental contact, and is safer to use.

It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatically collecting and transmitting, which comprises a clay head (1), and is characterized in that: the upper surface of the clay head (1) is fixedly provided with an organic glass tube (2), the upper surface of the organic glass tube (2) is of an opening structure, the outer surface of the organic glass tube (2) is fixedly provided with a mounting shell (3) close to the upper side, the inner wall of the mounting shell (3) is provided with internal threads, the lower part of the mounting shell (3) is sleeved on the organic glass tube (2), the internal threads of the mounting shell (3) are provided with a pressure sensor (4), the lower surface of the pressure sensor (4) is inserted into the organic glass tube (2), a protection mechanism (5) is sleeved between the outer surface of the clay head (1) and the outer surface of the mounting shell (3), a thread sleeve (6) is arranged at the upper side position of the outer surface of the protection mechanism (5), the upper surface of the thread sleeve (6) is fixedly provided with a mounting box (7), the lower side inner wall of the mounting box (7) is fixedly provided with a control mechanism (8) close to the right side position, the upper surface of the mounting box (7) is provided with a sealing cover (9), the lower side of the mounting box (7) is provided with a locking mechanism (11), the upper surface of the locking mechanism (11) is provided with a locking mechanism (11), the locking mechanism (11) is fixedly provided with the outer surface of the locking mechanism (11), the sliding sleeve is characterized in that supporting mechanisms (13) are arranged on the peripheral side faces of the sliding sleeve (11), and fixing mechanisms (14) are arranged on the lower side ends of the supporting mechanisms (13).

2. An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a first rubber sealing ring (15) is arranged between the lower surface of the pressure sensor (4) and the lower inner wall of the installation shell (3).

3. An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the protection mechanism (5) comprises a shell seat (507), a protection round shell (501) and a heat preservation layer, wherein the shell seat (507) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the clay head (1) close to the upper side, the protection round shell (501) is arranged on the upper surface of the shell seat (507) through threads, the protection round shell (501) comprises a round shell main body (5011) and an L-shaped connecting part (5012) arranged at the top of the round shell main body, the upper part of the round shell main body (5011) is arranged together with a thread sleeve (6) through threads, and the L-shaped connecting part (5012) is arranged together with the installation shell (3) through threads; the heat preservation layer from outside inside in proper order be rock wool layer (505), first XPS heat preservation lamina (504), second XPS heat preservation lamina (503), aerogel heat preservation felt layer (502) and air bed (506).

4. An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the height of the air layer (506) and the rock wool layer (505) are consistent with that of the protection round shell (501), the height of the aerogel heat insulation felt layer (502) is 15-20cm, the height of the second XPS heat insulation plate layer (503) is 25-30cm, and the length of the first XPS heat insulation plate layer (504) is 30-60cm.

5. An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower side wall of the mounting box (7) and the position corresponding to the pressure sensor (4) are provided with second rubber sealing rings (16).

6. An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the control mechanism (8) comprises a controller (801), an information processing module (802), a storage (803), a wireless communication module (804) and a waterproof switch (805), wherein the controller (801) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower side of the installation box (7), and the information processing module (802), the storage (803) and the wireless communication module (804) are arranged on the upper surface of the controller (801).

7. An automatically collectable and transportable intelligent soil tensiometer as in claim 6, wherein: waterproof switch (805) is embedded on the front side wall of the installation box (7), and the controller (801) is electrically connected with the information processing module (802), the storage (803), the wireless communication module (804), the waterproof switch (805) and the pressure sensor (4).

8. An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power supply mechanism (10) comprises a storage battery (101) and a solar panel assembly (102), the storage battery (101) is arranged on the lower side wall of the installation box (7), and the solar panel assembly (102) is embedded on the upper surface of the sealing cover (9).

9. An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supporting mechanism (13) comprises a first hinge (131), a telescopic rod assembly (132) and a second hinge (133), wherein the first hinge (131) is arranged on the outer surface of the sliding sleeve (11), the telescopic rod assembly (132) is connected to the first hinge (131), and the second hinge (133) is connected to the lower end of the telescopic rod assembly (132).

10. An intelligent soil tensiometer capable of automatic collection and transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixing mechanism (14) comprises a supporting plate (141), a pin hole (142) and a pin (143), wherein the supporting plate (141) is connected with the second hinge piece (133), the supporting plate (141) is provided with the pin hole (142), and the pin (143) is inserted into the pin hole (142).