CN118700496A - A three-layer co-extrusion device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cable production, in particular to a three-layer co-extrusion device which comprises a co-extrusion die head, wherein three groups of liquid rubber channels are arranged in the co-extrusion die head; the three extruders comprise extrusion main bodies and hopper mechanisms, wherein the output ends of the three extrusion main bodies are respectively communicated with the input ends of the three groups of liquid rubber channels, and the output ends of the three hopper mechanisms are respectively communicated with the input ends of the three extrusion main bodies; the preheating module comprises three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms and a heat source distribution mechanism, the three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms are respectively arranged on the three extrusion main bodies, the input ends of the heat source distribution mechanism are communicated with the three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms, and the output ends of the heat source distribution mechanism are communicated with the three hopper mechanisms. The application realizes that the preheating module is used for recovering and redistributing the waste heat of three extruders and realizing the sharing of heat sources, thereby improving the production quality of cables.

Description

A three-layer co-extrusion device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of cable production, and in particular to a three-layer co-extrusion device.

Background Art

Three-layer co-extrusion is a plastic processing technology that involves extruding three different molten materials through three extruders respectively and forming three joint layers in the same die head. At present, three-layer co-extrusion technology is already a common application technology in cable production operations. The three-layer co-extrusion technology can prevent the introduction of foreign impurities between the main insulation layer, the conductor shielding layer, and the insulation shielding layer. It can also prevent possible accidental damage to the conductor shielding and the main insulation layer during the manufacturing process.

The three-layer co-extrusion device for cable production in the prior art usually includes a co-extrusion die and three extruders of different models, each used to load different materials. The co-extrusion die is provided with a first, a second and a third liquid rubber channel, and the three extruders are respectively connected to the three groups of liquid rubber channels, thereby forming a three-layer joint layer in the co-extrusion die, and the three-layer joint layer is wrapped around the outer periphery of the cable core when the cable core passes through the co-extrusion die, thereby realizing the three-layer co-extrusion process in the cable production process.

The three extruders in the prior art are each equipped with components required for implementing the extrusion process, and the three extruders are independently set and work independently of each other. However, the components of the three extruders cannot share resources, resulting in uneven extrusion effects among the three extruders, thereby affecting the quality of the cable; therefore, further improvements can be made.

Summary of the invention

In order to achieve heat source sharing and improve the production quality of cables, the present application provides a three-layer co-extrusion device.

A three-layer co-extrusion device comprises a co-extrusion die head, wherein three groups of liquid rubber channels are arranged inside the co-extrusion die head; three extruders, wherein the three extruders all comprise an extrusion body and a hopper mechanism, wherein the output ends of the three extrusion bodies are respectively connected to the input ends of the three groups of liquid rubber channels, and the output ends of the three hopper mechanisms are respectively connected to the input ends of the three extrusion bodies; and a preheating module, wherein the preheating module comprises three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms and a heat source distribution mechanism, wherein the three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms are respectively arranged on the three extrusion bodies, wherein the input ends of the heat source distribution mechanisms are connected to the three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms, and the output ends of the heat source distribution mechanisms are connected to the three hopper mechanisms.

Optionally, the waste heat recovery mechanism includes a heat collecting component and an air supply component, the heat collecting component is sleeved on the extruded body to form a heat collecting cavity, and the air supply component is connected between the output end of the heat collecting component and the input end of the heat source distribution mechanism.

Optionally, the heat source distribution mechanism includes a distribution component, three groups of execution components, three groups of detection components and a control component. The input end of the distribution component is connected to the output end of the heat collection component, and the output end of the distribution component is connected to the input ends of three hopper mechanisms. The three groups of execution components are respectively arranged at the input ends of the three hopper mechanisms, and the three groups of detection components are respectively arranged inside the three hopper mechanisms. The electrical signals of the control component are connected between the three groups of execution components and the three groups of detection components.

Optionally, the hopper mechanism includes a hopper body, a drying component and a turning component, the output end of the hopper body is connected to the input end of the extrusion body, the inside of the hopper body is provided with a first partition and a second partition in sequence from top to bottom, and the first partition is provided with a first material hole, and the second partition is provided with a second material hole, so that the inner cavity of the hopper body is divided into a storage chamber, a pre-drying chamber and a re-drying chamber which are distributed and connected in sequence from top to bottom, the detection component is arranged in the re-drying chamber, the output end of the distribution component is connected to the pre-drying chamber, and the output end of the distribution component is aligned with the area below the first material hole; the output end of the drying component is connected to the re-drying chamber, and the turning component is arranged inside the hopper body and is used to turn over the material in the re-drying chamber area.

Optionally, the material turning assembly includes a turning spindle, a turning blade and a driver, the turning spindle is rotatably arranged on the hopper body, the turning blade is located in the re-drying chamber area, and the turning blade is fixedly arranged on the turning spindle, the driver is fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the output end of the hopper body, the output end of the driver passes through the inner periphery of the output end of the hopper body, and a transmission structure is arranged between the output end of the driver and the turning spindle.

Optionally, the transmission structure includes a driving gear fixedly arranged at the output end of the driver and a driven gear fixedly arranged at the bottom of the flip spindle, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the tooth surface of the driven gear faces the storage cavity.

Optionally, the flip main shaft is fixedly provided with an auxiliary blade, the auxiliary blade is located in the pre-drying chamber area, and when the auxiliary blade rotates with the flip main shaft to the area below the first material hole, the rotation direction of the auxiliary blade is the same as the direction of the output end of the distribution component.

Optionally, a rotating shaft is rotatably provided at the bottom of the first partition, a covering plate for covering the first material hole is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft, and an elastic member for driving the rotating shaft to rotate so that the covering plate covers the first material hole is provided between the rotating shaft and the first partition; a breaking rod is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft and is arranged perpendicular to the covering plate, and the breaking rod is arranged to overlap with the auxiliary blade in the horizontal direction at one end away from the covering plate.

Optionally, a preheating assembly is provided on the periphery of the output end of the hopper body, and a propulsion blade is fixedly provided on the flip spindle, and the propulsion blade is located in the output end area of the hopper body.

Optionally, the second partition has a funnel-shaped structure, the second material hole is located at the bottom of the second partition, and the second material hole is staggered with the first material hole and the flip axis in the vertical direction.

In summary, this application at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:

The heat collecting component recovers and retains the heat emitted by the extruded body, and tries to avoid dissipating it in the surrounding environment, which causes unbearable heat in the production workshop. The heat is transported to the heat source distribution mechanism under the action of the air supply component, and the waste heat recovery mechanism realizes the function of recovering and circulating the heat emitted by the extruded body;

After the heat is transported from the waste heat recovery mechanism to the heat source distribution mechanism, the heat is transported from the heat source distribution mechanism to the hopper mechanism, so that the heat pre-dries the residual moisture on the surface of the material; in this process, the humidity sensor monitors the humidity inside the hopper mechanism in real time, and feeds back the humidity conditions to the control component. When the humidity is lower than the preset value, it reflects that the corresponding hopper mechanism no longer needs to be pre-dried. The control component can control the execution component to switch to a closed-loop state, so that the heat is concentrated and distributed to other hopper mechanisms, and the pre-drying speed of other hopper mechanisms is accelerated, thereby realizing the preheating module for the recovery and redistribution of waste heat from the three extruders, realizing the sharing of heat sources, and thus improving the production quality of the cable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the co-extrusion die head and the extruder in the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the preheating module in the present application.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the hopper mechanism in the present application.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the rotating shaft, the covering plate, the elastic member, and the breaking rod in the present application.

FIG. 5 is a top view of the auxiliary blade in the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. co-extrusion die head; 2. extruder; 21. extrusion body; 22. hopper mechanism; 221. hopper body; 222. drying assembly; 223. turning assembly; 2231. turning spindle; 2232. turning blade; 2233. driver; 2234. transmission structure; 3. preheating module; 31. waste heat recovery mechanism; 311. heat collection assembly; 312. air supply assembly; 313. heat collection cavity; 32. Heat source distribution mechanism; 321, distribution component; 322, execution component; 323, detection component; 324, control component; 41, first partition; 411, first material hole; 42, second partition; 421, second material hole; 51, storage chamber; 52, pre-drying chamber; 53, re-drying chamber; 6, auxiliary blade; 71, rotating shaft; 72, cover plate; 73, elastic member; 74, breaking rod; 81, preheating component; 82, propulsion blade.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 1 to 5.

The present application discloses a three-layer co-extrusion device.

1-3, the three-layer co-extrusion device includes a co-extrusion die 1, three extruders 2 and a preheating module 3; wherein, three groups of liquid rubber channels are arranged inside the co-extrusion die 1, and the three extruders 2 include an extrusion body 21 and a hopper mechanism 22, the output ends of the three extrusion bodies 21 are respectively connected to the input ends of the three groups of liquid rubber channels, and the output ends of the three hopper mechanisms 22 are respectively connected to the input ends of the three extrusion bodies 21; the three extruders 2 are respectively loaded with the materials required for the main insulation layer, the conductor shielding layer, and the insulation shielding layer, and the three extruders 2 are respectively connected to the three groups of liquid rubber channels, thereby forming a three-layer combined layer in the co-extrusion die 1, and the three-layer combined layer is wrapped around the outer periphery of the cable core in the process of the cable core passing through the co-extrusion die 1, thereby realizing the three-layer co-extrusion process in the cable production process.

The above-mentioned three extruders 2 and the co-extrusion die head 1 are arranged based on the existing technical structure and principle, which will not be repeated here; it is worth mentioning that the extrusion body 21 of the extruder 2 adopts a heating method to heat the loaded material to a molten state to realize the extrusion process, and during the extrusion process, the heat of the extrusion body 21 itself is dissipated into the surrounding environment; the above-mentioned preheating module 3 mainly aims to realize the waste heat recovery and redistribution of the extrusion body 21 of the three extruders 2, so as to realize the sharing of heat source.

In the present embodiment, the preheating module 3 specifically includes three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms 31 and a heat source distribution mechanism 32; wherein, the three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms 31 are respectively arranged on the outside of the three extrusion bodies 21, and a heat collection cavity 313 is formed between the waste heat recovery mechanism 31 and the extrusion body 21, so that the heat emitted by the extrusion body 21 is retained in the heat collection cavity 313, and it is avoided as much as possible from being emitted into the surrounding environment and causing unbearable heat in the production workshop; the heat source distribution mechanism 32 is internally provided with an air flow pipeline and a control switch, the input end of the heat source distribution mechanism 32 is connected to the heat collection cavity 313 of the three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms 31, and the output end of the heat source distribution mechanism 32 is connected to the three hopper mechanisms 22, so that the heat source distribution mechanism 32 can distribute and transport the heat retained by the three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms 31 to one/two/three of the hopper mechanisms 22. The waste heat recovery mechanism 31 recovers the heat emitted by the extrusion body 21, and tries to avoid dissipating it in the surrounding environment and causing unbearable heat in the production workshop. The heat source distribution mechanism 32 distributes the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery mechanism 31 and transmits it to the required hopper mechanism 22. The heat can pre-dry the moisture remaining on the surface of the material (such as plastic particles) during the production process, thereby improving the production quality of the cable.

In this embodiment, the waste heat recovery mechanism 31 specifically includes a heat collecting component 311 and an air supply component 312; wherein the heat collecting component 311 is a cover structure with two C-shaped cross-sections and closed at both ends, wherein one of the cover structures is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the extruded main body 21, and the two cover structures are hinged on one side and locked on the other side, so as to form a cylindrical structure surrounded by the outside of the extruded main body 21, and the above-mentioned heat collecting cavity 313 is formed between the heat collecting component 311 and the extruded main body 21 for heat retention (in order to balance the pressure of the heat collecting cavity 313 and avoid forming a vacuum state, the heat collecting component 311 is provided with a small number of air inlet holes); the air supply component 312 is an exhaust fan, and the input end of the exhaust fan is connected to the heat collecting cavity 313 of the heat collecting component 311 through a preset pipeline, and the output end of the exhaust fan is connected to the input end of the heat source distribution mechanism 32 through a preset pipeline. The heat collecting component 311 retains the heat, and the heat is transported to the heat source distribution mechanism 32 under the action of the air supply component 312, so that the waste heat recovery mechanism 31 can recover and circulate the heat emitted by the extrusion body 21.

In this embodiment, the heat source distribution mechanism 32 specifically includes a distribution component 321, three groups of execution components 322, three groups of detection components 323 and a control component 324; wherein the distribution component 321 is a rectangular cavity structure, and openings are respectively arranged on both sides of the distribution component 321 as an input end and an output end, and the input end of the distribution component 321 is connected to the output end of the heat collection component 311 through three pipes arranged side by side, and the output end of the distribution component 321 is connected to the input ends of the three hopper mechanisms 22 through three pipes arranged side by side; the execution component 322 is a solenoid valve, and the three groups of execution components 322 They are respectively arranged in series at the input ends of the three hopper mechanisms 22, and are used to control the formation of a passage/closed circuit between the output end of the distribution component 321 and the corresponding input end of the hopper mechanism 22; the detection component 323 is a humidity sensor, and the three groups of detection components 323 are respectively arranged inside the three hopper mechanisms 22, and are used to detect the humidity inside the hopper mechanism 22, so as to judge the pre-drying effect of the residual moisture on the surface of the material; the control component 324 is a PLC controller in the prior art, and the control component 324 is connected between the three groups of execution components 322 and the three groups of detection components 323 through a preset wire electrical signal. After the heat is transported from the waste heat recovery mechanism 31 to the heat source distribution mechanism 32, the heat is transported from the heat source distribution mechanism 32 to the hopper mechanism 22, so that the heat pre-dries the residual moisture on the surface of the material; in this process, the humidity sensor monitors the humidity inside the hopper mechanism 22 in real time, and feeds back the humidity conditions to the control component 324. When the humidity is lower than the preset value, it reflects that the corresponding hopper mechanism 22 does not need to be pre-dried. The control component 324 can control the execution component 322 to switch to a closed-loop state, so that the heat is concentrated and distributed to other hopper mechanisms 22, thereby accelerating the pre-drying speed of other hopper mechanisms 22, thereby realizing the preheating module 3 for the recovery and redistribution of waste heat of the three extruders 2, realizing the sharing of heat sources, and thus improving the production quality of the cable.

3-5, in the present embodiment, the hopper mechanism 22 comprises a hopper body 221, a drying assembly 222 and a turning assembly 223; wherein the hopper body 221 is a hollow cylindrical structure, a feed port for adding materials (such as plastic particles) is arranged at the top of the hopper body 221, the output end of the hopper body 221 is connected to the input end of the extrusion body 21, and the inner wall of the hopper body 221 is fixedly provided with a first partition plate 41 and a second partition plate 42 which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom by sealing welding, so that the inner cavity of the hopper body 221 is divided into a storage chamber 51, a pre-drying chamber 52 and a re-drying chamber 53 which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom; the first partition plate 41 is provided with a first material hole 411, and the second partition plate 42 is provided with a second material hole 421, so that the material added from the feed port is sequentially stored in the storage chamber 51, the pre-drying chamber 52 and the re-drying chamber 53. The re-drying chamber 53 circulates; the drying component 222 uses a fan, an air duct, and an electric heating wire to cooperate with each other to generate hot air, and passes the hot air into the re-drying chamber 53 of the hopper body 221, so as to dry the moisture on the surface of the material by the hot air; in addition, the output end of the distribution component 321 is connected to the pre-drying chamber 52 of the hopper body 221, and the recovered heat is passed into the pre-drying chamber 52 of the hopper body 221, and the output end of the distribution component 321 is aligned with the area below the first material hole 411, so as to blow the material away to increase the drying surface; in addition, the detection probe of the detection component 323 is located in the re-drying chamber 53, and is used to detect the humidity inside the re-drying chamber 53; the turning component 223 motor drives the spiral blade to turn over, so as to turn over the material in the re-drying chamber 53 area, so as to improve the drying uniformity of the material.

The material turning assembly 223 specifically includes a turning spindle 2231, a turning blade 2232 and a driver 2233; wherein the turning spindle 2231 is rotatably arranged on the hopper body 221, the turning blade 2232 is a spiral blade, the turning blade 2232 is located in the area of the re-drying chamber 53, and the turning blade 2232 is fixedly arranged on the turning spindle 2231; the driver 2233 is a driving motor, the driver 2233 is fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the output end of the hopper body 221, the output end of the driver 2233 penetrates to the inner periphery of the output end of the hopper body 221, and a transmission structure 2234 is arranged between the output end of the driver 2233 and the turning spindle 2231. When the driver 2233 drives the turning spindle 2231 to rotate through the transmission structure 2234, the turning blade 2232 drives the material in the re-drying chamber 53 to turn over, so as to improve the drying uniformity of the material.

In this embodiment, a preheating assembly 81 is provided at the periphery of the output end of the hopper body 221. The preheating assembly 81 uses a heating ring in the prior art to heat the material in the inner cavity of the output end of the hopper body 221 so that the material can be heated and pre-melted. The bottom of the flip spindle 2231 extends to the inner cavity of the output end of the hopper body 221, and a propulsion blade 82 is fixedly provided at the periphery of the flip spindle 2231 located in the inner cavity area of the output end of the hopper body 221. The propulsion blade 82 is a spiral blade, so that the flip spindle 2231 can propel the melted material in the inner cavity of the output end of the hopper body 221 through the propulsion blade 82.

In this embodiment, the transmission structure 2234 specifically includes a driving gear and a driven gear, and the driving gear and the driven gear are in the form of bevel gear matching. The driving gear is fixedly arranged at the output end of the driver 2233, and the driven gear is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the flip main shaft 2231. The driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the toothed surface of the driven gear faces the storage cavity 51. The driver 2233 drives the flip main shaft 2231 to rotate by gear meshing, and during the gear meshing transmission process, a grinding effect can be generated on part of the semi-melted material, which is conducive to accelerating the melting speed of this part of the material.

In this embodiment, the turning main shaft 2231 is fixedly provided with auxiliary blades 6, which are four vertical plate-shaped structures. The four auxiliary blades 6 are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the turning main shaft 2231. The auxiliary blades 6 are located in the pre-drying chamber 52 area, and when the auxiliary blades 6 rotate to the area below the first material hole 411 with the turning main shaft 2231, the rotation direction of the auxiliary blades 6 is the same as the output direction of the distribution component 321. In the process of heat being transported from the heat source distribution mechanism 32 to the hopper mechanism 22 to pre-dry the material, the auxiliary blades 6 have a certain kinetic energy under the wind force of the heat source distribution mechanism 32. When the auxiliary blades 6 rotate to the area below the first material hole 411 with the turning main shaft 2231, the rotation direction of the auxiliary blades 6 is the same as the output direction of the distribution component 321, so that the kinetic energy is conducive to the rotation of the turning main shaft 2231, so that the kinetic energy is conducive to reducing the load of the driver 2233, thereby making the power selection range of the driver 2233 larger, and improving the overall applicability of the extruder 2.

In the present embodiment, two rotating seats are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the first partition plate 41, and the two rotating seats are located on one side of the first material hole 411, and a rotating shaft 71 is rotatably provided on the two rotating seats, and a sealing plate 72 of a plate-like structure is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 71, and an elastic member 73 for driving the rotating shaft 71 to rotate so that the sealing plate 72 covers the first material hole 411 is provided between the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 71 and the rotating seat, and the elastic member 73 is a torsion spring, and a protrusion is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 71 at a position five centimeters away from each rotating seat, and the elastic member 73 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 71, and one end of the elastic member 73 is fixedly provided on the protrusion, and the other end is fixedly provided on the rotating seat, so that the sealing plate 72 can rotate and cover the first material hole 411 under the torsion force of the elastic member 73; a breaking rod 74 arranged perpendicular to the sealing plate 72 is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 71, and the breaking rod 74 is arranged to overlap with the auxiliary blade 6 in the horizontal direction at one end away from the sealing plate 72. When the turning main shaft 2231 drives the auxiliary blade 6 to rotate, since the bottom of the breaking rod 74 and the top of the auxiliary blade 6 overlap each other in the horizontal direction, the top of the auxiliary blade 6 can break the bottom of the breaking rod 74, so that the breaking rod 74 drives the rotating shaft 71 and the sealing plate 72 to rotate to overcome the torsion of the elastic member 73, so that the sealing plate 72 cannot cover the first material hole 411, so that the material intermittently flows from the storage chamber 51 to the pre-drying chamber 52. At this time, the material introduction speed is proportional to the rotation speed of the turning main shaft 2231, the stirring speed of the turning blade 2232 is proportional to the rotation speed of the turning main shaft 2231, and the propulsion efficiency of the propulsion blade 82 is also proportional to the rotation speed of the turning main shaft 2231. When the rotation speed of the flip main shaft 2231 is fast, the material automatic introduction speed, the stirring speed of the flip blade 2232, and the propulsion efficiency of the propulsion blade 82 can be correspondingly accelerated to improve production efficiency. When the rotation speed of the flip main shaft 2231 is slow, the material automatic introduction speed, the stirring speed of the flip blade 2232, and the propulsion efficiency of the propulsion blade 82 can be correspondingly slowed down to reduce the energy consumption of the extruder 2. In addition, the cover plate 72 slaps the bottom of the first partition plate 41 under the rebound effect of the elastic member 73 and generates vibration, which can help prevent the material from being blocked at the first material hole 411.

In this embodiment, the second partition 42 is a funnel-shaped structure, the second material hole 421 is located at the bottom of the second partition 42, and the second material hole 421 is staggered with the first material hole 411 and the turning main shaft 2231 in the vertical direction, that is, the second partition 42 is an irregular funnel-shaped structure, and its conical part and its center line are staggered. When the material flows from the first material hole 411 to the pre-drying chamber 52, the material falls on the top surface of the second partition 42 and gathers to the second material hole 421 in a rolling form. The collision between the material particles and the second partition 42 is conducive to the dispersion of the material, thereby facilitating the drying component 222 to dry the material.

Implementation principle:

The heat collecting component 311 recovers and retains the heat emitted by the extrusion body 21, and tries to avoid emitting it in the surrounding environment, which causes unbearable heat in the production workshop. The heat is transported to the heat source distribution mechanism 32 under the action of the air supply component 312, so that the waste heat recovery mechanism 31 can recover and circulate the heat emitted by the extrusion body 21; after the heat is transported from the waste heat recovery mechanism 31 to the heat source distribution mechanism 32, it is transported to the hopper mechanism 22 by the heat source distribution mechanism 32, so that the heat can pre-dry the residual moisture on the surface of the material; in this process, the humidity sensor monitors the humidity inside the hopper mechanism 22 in real time, and feeds back the humidity to the control component 324. When the humidity is lower than the preset value, it reflects that the corresponding hopper mechanism 22 does not need to be pre-dried. The control component 324 can control the execution component 322 to switch to a closed-circuit state, so that the heat is concentratedly distributed to other hopper mechanisms 22, and the pre-drying speed of other hopper mechanisms 22 is accelerated, so that the preheating module 3 is used to recover and redistribute the waste heat of the three extruders 2, and the heat source is shared, thereby improving the production quality of the cable.

The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A three-layer co-extrusion device, characterized in that: A co-extrusion die (1), wherein three groups of liquid rubber channels are arranged inside the co-extrusion die (1); Three types of extruders (2), each of the three types of extruders (2) comprises an extrusion body (21) and a hopper mechanism (22), the output ends of the three types of extrusion bodies (21) are respectively connected to the input ends of three groups of liquid rubber channels, and the output ends of the three types of hopper mechanisms (22) are respectively connected to the input ends of the three types of extrusion bodies (21); A preheating module (3), the preheating module (3) comprising three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms (31) and a heat source distribution mechanism (32), the three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms (31) being respectively arranged on three types of extrusion bodies (21), the input end of the heat source distribution mechanism (32) being connected to the three groups of waste heat recovery mechanisms (31), and the output end of the heat source distribution mechanism (32) being connected to three types of hopper mechanisms (22). 2. A three-layer co-extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste heat recovery mechanism (31) includes a heat collecting component (311) and an air supply component (312), the heat collecting component (311) is sleeved on the extrusion body (21) and forms a heat collecting cavity (313), and the air supply component (312) is connected between the output end of the heat collecting component (311) and the input end of the heat source distribution mechanism (32). 3. A three-layer co-extrusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the heat source distribution mechanism (32) includes a distribution component (321), three groups of execution components (322), three groups of detection components (323) and a control component (324), the input end of the distribution component (321) is connected to the output end of the heat collection component (311), the output end of the distribution component (321) is connected to the input ends of three hopper mechanisms (22), the three groups of the execution components (322) are respectively arranged at the input ends of the three hopper mechanisms (22), the three groups of the detection components (323) are respectively arranged inside the three hopper mechanisms (22), and the control component (324) is electrically connected between the three groups of execution components (322) and the three groups of detection components (323). 4. A three-layer co-extrusion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the hopper mechanism (22) includes a hopper body (221), a drying component (222) and a turning component (223), the output end of the hopper body (221) is connected to the input end of the extrusion body (21), and the inside of the hopper body (221) is sequentially provided with a first partition plate (41) and a second partition plate (42) from top to bottom, and the first partition plate (41) is provided with a first material hole (411), and the second partition plate (42) is provided with a second material hole (421), so that the hopper body (221) The inner cavity is divided into a storage cavity (51), a pre-drying cavity (52) and a re-drying cavity (53) which are sequentially distributed and connected from top to bottom; the detection component (323) is arranged in the re-drying cavity (53); the output end of the distribution component (321) is connected to the pre-drying cavity (52), and the output end of the distribution component (321) is aligned with the area below the first material hole (411); the output end of the drying component (222) is connected to the re-drying cavity (53); the turning component (223) is arranged inside the hopper body (221) and is used to turn over the material in the area of the re-drying cavity (53). 5. A three-layer co-extrusion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the turning component (223) includes a turning spindle (2231), a turning blade (2232) and a driver (2233), the turning spindle (2231) is rotatably arranged on the hopper body (221), the turning blade (2232) is located in the re-drying chamber (53) area, and the turning blade (2232) is fixedly arranged on the turning spindle (2231), the driver (2233) is fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the output end of the hopper body (221), the output end of the driver (2233) passes through the inner periphery of the output end of the hopper body (221), and a transmission structure (2234) is arranged between the output end of the driver (2233) and the turning spindle (2231). 6. A three-layer co-extrusion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the transmission structure (2234) includes a driving gear fixedly arranged at the output end of the driver (2233) and a driven gear fixedly arranged at the bottom of the flip spindle (2231), the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the tooth surface of the driven gear faces the storage cavity (51). 7. A three-layer co-extrusion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the flip main shaft (2231) is fixedly provided with an auxiliary blade (6), the auxiliary blade (6) is located in the pre-drying chamber (52) area, and when the auxiliary blade (6) rotates with the flip main shaft (2231) to the area below the first material hole (411), the rotation direction of the auxiliary blade (6) is the same as the direction of the output end of the distribution component (321). 8. A three-layer co-extrusion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: a rotating shaft (71) is rotatably provided at the bottom of the first partition (41), and a covering plate (72) for covering the first material hole (411) is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft (71), and an elastic member (73) is provided between the rotating shaft (71) and the first partition (41) for driving the rotating shaft (71) to rotate so that the covering plate (72) covers the first material hole (411); a breaking rod (74) is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft (71) and is arranged vertically with the covering plate (72), and the breaking rod (74) is arranged to overlap with the auxiliary blade (6) in the horizontal direction at one end away from the covering plate (72). 9. A three-layer co-extrusion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: a preheating component (81) is arranged on the periphery of the output end of the hopper body (221), and a propulsion blade (82) is fixedly arranged on the turning spindle (2231), and the propulsion blade (82) is located in the output end area of the hopper body (221). 10. A three-layer co-extrusion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the second partition (42) is a funnel-shaped structure, the second material hole (421) is located at the bottom of the second partition (42), and the second material hole (421) is staggered with the first material hole (411) and the turning main shaft (2231) in the vertical direction.