CN118687341A - A powder making and drying equipment for preparing glass glaze - Google Patents
A powder making and drying equipment for preparing glass glaze Download PDFInfo
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- CN118687341A CN118687341A CN202411162330.0A CN202411162330A CN118687341A CN 118687341 A CN118687341 A CN 118687341A CN 202411162330 A CN202411162330 A CN 202411162330A CN 118687341 A CN118687341 A CN 118687341A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101000827703 Homo sapiens Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100023591 Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
- F26B1/005—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids by means of disintegrating, e.g. crushing, shredding, milling the materials to be dried
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/02—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs
- B02C7/08—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs with vertical axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及釉料制备技术领域,具体为一种玻璃釉料制备用制粉干燥设备。The invention relates to the technical field of glaze preparation, in particular to powder making and drying equipment for preparing glass glaze.
背景技术Background Art
釉料在陶瓷、玻璃等制品领域应用广泛,釉料除去具有外观方面提升外,还对易清洁、防污等性能有提升,除此之外,在制品烧制过程中,釉料中的一些微量组分也能够改善玻璃的热熔特性,更容易定型。Glazes are widely used in ceramic, glass and other product fields. In addition to improving the appearance, glazes also improve properties such as easy cleaning and anti-fouling. In addition, during the firing process of the products, some trace components in the glaze can also improve the hot-melt properties of the glass, making it easier to shape.
釉料在制备阶段,一般会经历多种原料的混合、研磨和干燥过程,其中研磨过程仅仅只添加少量水分保证在研磨过程中没有粉尘飘散,为了确保釉料的粉末颗粒度满足使用要求,大多都是通过增加研磨时间来保证,部分已经研磨到位的颗粒物未及时被取出,反复的研磨产生大量热量,也存在大量无用功,不仅浪费研磨机功率,也影响装置加工效率,釉料的产出速度有限。研磨过后的釉料进行加热干燥,该过程中部分颗粒物结块,需要经历筛网等结构滤除,筛网方式筛除结块釉料时有大量粉尘产生,作业环境恶劣。During the preparation stage, glazes generally go through the process of mixing, grinding and drying of various raw materials. During the grinding process, only a small amount of water is added to ensure that there is no dust floating during the grinding process. In order to ensure that the powder particle size of the glaze meets the use requirements, most of them are guaranteed by increasing the grinding time. Some particles that have been ground in place are not taken out in time. Repeated grinding generates a lot of heat and a lot of useless work, which not only wastes the power of the grinder, but also affects the processing efficiency of the device. The output speed of the glaze is limited. The ground glaze is heated and dried. During this process, some particles agglomerate and need to be filtered out by structures such as screens. When the screen is used to screen out the agglomerated glaze, a lot of dust is generated, and the working environment is harsh.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种玻璃釉料制备用制粉干燥设备,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a powder making and drying device for preparing glass glaze to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种玻璃釉料制备用制粉干燥设备,制粉干燥设备包括研磨机、分离盒、干燥机、风选单元,研磨机接收前级粉碎机输送过来的釉料原矿粉碎物并加水研磨,分离盒分别连接研磨机进出口以及干燥机进口,分离盒进口管路上设置朝向分离盒的物料泵,分离盒出流管路上分别设置节流阀,分离盒全封闭结构,分离盒连接将进入其内的物料分离为粗料与细料,干燥机为螺杆结构,干燥机在挤出物料同时加热物料,风选单元连接干燥机出口。A powder making and drying device for preparing glass glaze, the powder making and drying device comprises a grinder, a separation box, a dryer and an air separation unit. The grinder receives the crushed glaze ore delivered by the previous crusher and grinds it with water. The separation box is respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the grinder and the inlet of the dryer. A material pump facing the separation box is arranged on the inlet pipeline of the separation box. Throttle valves are respectively arranged on the outflow pipeline of the separation box. The separation box has a fully enclosed structure. The separation box is connected to separate the material entering it into coarse material and fine material. The dryer is a screw structure. The dryer heats the material while extruding it. The air separation unit is connected to the outlet of the dryer.
粉碎机将用于制造釉料的原矿石粉碎为较小的相对颗粒度均匀的颗粒物后导入到研磨机开始本装置的制粉干燥过程,研磨机加入少量水与原料混合并进行研磨,原料变成浆料状态向后输出,研磨机出料处不好以滤网等形式区分是否研磨到位,设置筛分结构影响物料输出与流动,进一步影响装置整机效率,本申请将所有研磨过一遍的物料统一向后传递,在分离盒处进行分流,研磨完善的细料通过分离盒去往干燥机进行干燥脱水成为粉末,而未研磨到位的浆料则重新回流往研磨机进行一次重复的研磨周期,干燥机将浆料绝大部分水分加热蒸发后,物料干燥状态下挤出干燥机,挤出的釉料大部分为粉末,进入到风选单元后可能被风力输送并收集,而少部分的釉料则是结块状态,直接作为成品输出影响粉末质量,在风选单元内微量结块的釉料体无法被风力裹挟转移,结块釉料进入风选单元即下落,后续可以单独收集进行人工制粉,或者通过管线重新回到研磨机进行一次重复的制粉干燥流程,风选单元输出成品釉料处可以放置物料车承接,转移往打包入库的工序处。The crusher crushes the raw ore used to make glaze into smaller particles with uniform relative particle size and then introduces them into the grinder to start the powder making and drying process of this device. The grinder adds a small amount of water to mix with the raw materials and grinds them. The raw materials are output in a slurry state. It is not easy to distinguish whether the grinding is in place by means of filters or the like at the discharge of the grinder. The setting of the screening structure affects the material output and flow, and further affects the overall efficiency of the device. This application uniformly transmits all the materials that have been ground once and diverts them at the separation box. The fine materials that have been ground perfectly are sent to the dryer through the separation box for drying and dehydration to become powder, while the slurry that has not been ground in place flows back to the grinder for further processing. After a repeated grinding cycle, the dryer heats and evaporates most of the moisture in the slurry, and the material is squeezed out of the dryer in a dry state. Most of the extruded glaze is powder, which may be transported and collected by wind after entering the air selection unit, while a small part of the glaze is in agglomerated state, which affects the quality of the powder when directly output as a finished product. The trace amount of agglomerated glaze in the air selection unit cannot be carried away and transferred by the wind, and the agglomerated glaze falls when it enters the air selection unit. It can be collected separately for manual powder making, or returned to the grinder through a pipeline for a repeated powder making and drying process. A material truck can be placed at the place where the air selection unit outputs the finished glaze, and transferred to the packaging and warehousing process.
研磨机包括机架、研磨组件、配合盘、料斗,机架上端安装研磨组件,配合盘也安装在机架上并位于研磨组件正下方,料斗设置在机架底部,研磨组件包括固定于机架上的旋转驱动,旋转驱动输出端安装盘身,盘身上设置若干下料管,下料管上端汇总为一个环形料槽,下料管下端穿过盘身连接至盘身下表面,配合盘外缘与机架之间具有间隙,机架内设置落料槽,落料槽底面开孔朝向料斗。The grinder includes a frame, a grinding assembly, a matching plate, and a hopper. The grinding assembly is installed on the upper end of the frame, and the matching plate is also installed on the frame and is located directly below the grinding assembly. The hopper is arranged at the bottom of the frame. The grinding assembly includes a rotary drive fixed to the frame, and a disc body is installed on the output end of the rotary drive. A plurality of feed pipes are arranged on the disc body. The upper ends of the feed pipes are gathered into an annular trough, and the lower ends of the feed pipes pass through the disc body and are connected to the lower surface of the disc body. There is a gap between the outer edge of the matching plate and the frame, and a feed trough is arranged in the frame, and the bottom surface of the feed trough has an opening facing the hopper.
待研磨的物料从上方加入到料槽内,料槽、下料管和盘身一同转动,进入到料槽内的物料经由下料管下落,进入到盘身和配合盘之间的研磨间隙内被平面研磨,研磨所需水、分离盒回流回来的粗料、风选单元回流的物料都是进入到料槽中并经由下料管进入研磨位置,研磨后的物料从边缘溢出进入到配合盘和机架边缘的间隙并进入落料槽内,最终流入料斗,料斗连接物料泵被增压注入分离盒中。The material to be ground is added into the trough from above, and the trough, discharge pipe and disc body rotate together. The material entering the trough falls through the discharge pipe and enters the grinding gap between the disc body and the matching disc to be plane ground. The water required for grinding, the coarse material returned from the separation box, and the material returned from the air selection unit all enter the trough and enter the grinding position through the discharge pipe. The ground material overflows from the edge into the gap between the matching disc and the edge of the frame and enters the discharge trough, and finally flows into the hopper. The hopper is connected to the material pump and is pressurized and injected into the separation box.
研磨机还包括升降驱动,配合盘与机架的连接为上下浮动连接,升降驱动设置在配合盘与机架的连接处,升降驱动控制配合盘向上作用的力。The grinding machine also includes a lifting drive, the connection between the matching disk and the frame is an up and down floating connection, the lifting drive is arranged at the connection between the matching disk and the frame, and the lifting drive controls the upward force of the matching disk.
盘身原地旋转,配合盘若是固定不动,那么研磨间隙就是固定不变,产出的研磨浆料内微小颗粒物的粒度大致不变,本申请通过加入升降驱动,改变配合盘向上顶起的力,可以调整改变研磨间隙,控制浆料内釉料颗粒物的目标粒度。The disc body rotates in place. If the mating disc is fixed, the grinding gap will be fixed, and the particle size of tiny particles in the produced grinding slurry will remain roughly unchanged. The present application adds a lifting drive to change the upward force of the mating disc, thereby adjusting the grinding gap and controlling the target particle size of the glaze particles in the slurry.
分离盒包括第一盒体、孔板、第二盒体,第一盒体和第二盒体对夹固定孔板,第一盒体水平侧面分别开设进料口和粗料口,第二盒体水平侧面开设细料口,细料口和粗料口位于同一侧,细料口连接干燥机,粗料口连接研磨机。The separation box includes a first box body, a perforated plate, and a second box body. The first box body and the second box body clamp the perforated plate. The horizontal side of the first box body respectively opens a feed port and a coarse material port. The horizontal side of the second box body opens a fine material port. The fine material port and the coarse material port are located on the same side. The fine material port is connected to a dryer, and the coarse material port is connected to a grinder.
物料经由物料泵增压注入第一盒体、孔板之间,物料成水平流动,分离盒内具有压力,浆料中大部分较细的组分可以在压差作用下穿过孔板进入到孔板和第二盒体之间,然后从细料口排出,浆料中一些未研磨充分的粗料无法穿过孔板,并且,因为浆料水平流动,粗料的运动不是垂直撞向孔板上可以通过的微孔,粗浆料会被流动的浆料水平冲走,不容易堵死孔板,可以通过细料口和粗料口后续管路上的节流阀来调节孔板两侧的压力差值,让进入分离盒内的浆料大部分流动穿过孔板作为前往下道工序的流量。The material is pressurized and injected between the first box body and the orifice plate through the material pump. The material flows horizontally and there is pressure in the separation box. Most of the finer components in the slurry can pass through the orifice plate under the action of the pressure difference and enter between the orifice plate and the second box body, and then be discharged from the fine material port. Some coarse materials in the slurry that are not fully ground cannot pass through the orifice plate. Moreover, because the slurry flows horizontally, the movement of the coarse materials does not vertically hit the micropores on the orifice plate that can pass through. The coarse slurry will be horizontally washed away by the flowing slurry, and it is not easy to block the orifice plate. The pressure difference on both sides of the orifice plate can be adjusted by the throttle valves on the subsequent pipelines of the fine material port and the coarse material port, so that most of the slurry entering the separation box flows through the orifice plate as the flow to the next process.
第一盒体位于第二盒体的下方。The first box body is located below the second box body.
第一盒体在下,即进入分离盒内的物料穿过孔板的方向是自下而上的,可以进一步利用重力来防止粗颗粒物堵住孔板表面的微孔。The first box body is at the bottom, that is, the direction in which the materials entering the separation box pass through the orifice plate is from bottom to top, and gravity can be further used to prevent coarse particles from blocking the micropores on the surface of the orifice plate.
干燥机包括机壳、螺杆、湿料进口、排气口、干料出口,机壳内转动设置啮合的螺杆,机壳倾斜设置,机壳侧壁上端设置湿料进口、排气口,机壳侧壁下端设置干料出口,螺杆端部带有加热结构,湿料进口连接分离盒,干料出口通往风选单元。The dryer includes a casing, a screw, a wet material inlet, an exhaust port, and a dry material outlet. A meshing screw is rotatably arranged inside the casing, the casing is tilted, a wet material inlet and an exhaust port are arranged at the upper end of the casing side wall, a dry material outlet is arranged at the lower end of the casing side wall, a heating structure is provided at the end of the screw, the wet material inlet is connected to a separation box, and the dry material outlet leads to an air selection unit.
进入到螺杆啮合位置的釉料被加热,水分蒸发从排气口排出并预热新进入的湿釉料,可以通过一定的功率设定让特定流量的釉料在通过螺杆后被全部干燥完毕并碾碎为粉末从干料出口排出,极少量的结块釉料在后续的风选单元内处理。The glaze that enters the screw meshing position is heated, and the water evaporates and is discharged from the exhaust port to preheat the newly entered wet glaze. A certain power setting can allow the glaze of a specific flow rate to be completely dried and crushed into powder after passing through the screw and discharged from the dry material outlet. A very small amount of agglomerated glaze is processed in the subsequent air separation unit.
螺杆有三根,三根螺杆横截面上成正三角形分布,其中一根螺杆表面为光杆。There are three screws, which are distributed in the shape of a regular triangle in cross section, and the surface of one of the screws is a smooth rod.
三根螺杆进行挤送可以增加物料与螺杆的接触路径长度,增加干燥时间,充分脱除水分进行干燥。The three screws for extrusion can increase the contact path length between the material and the screw, increase the drying time, and fully remove moisture for drying.
风选单元包括风机、上升管、斜管、分离器、下料阀,分离器为旋风分离器,分离器上部侧壁连接上升管上端,上升管远离分离器的一端折弯向下成为竖直段,上升管竖直段侧壁上连接斜管,斜管连接干燥机,风机出风口通过管道通往上升管下端并且出风口朝上,分离器下端和上升管下端分别设置下料阀。The air selection unit includes a fan, an ascending pipe, an inclined pipe, a separator, and a discharge valve. The separator is a cyclone separator. The upper side wall of the separator is connected to the upper end of the ascending pipe. The end of the ascending pipe away from the separator is bent downward to become a vertical section. The side wall of the vertical section of the ascending pipe is connected to the inclined pipe, and the inclined pipe is connected to the dryer. The air outlet of the fan leads to the lower end of the ascending pipe through a pipeline and the air outlet faces upward. Discharge valves are respectively arranged at the lower end of the separator and the lower end of the ascending pipe.
从干燥机过来的干燥釉料经由斜管流入到上升管中部,自下而上的气流可以裹挟完全干燥且细碎为粉末态的釉料进入到分离器内,釉料粉末在分离器内流速大大下降而下落积存在分离器底部,斜管内的结块的釉料体则无法被气流托举而下落到上升管的底部,风机的风量可以按需调节,让上升管内的风力只能吹动完全干燥且细碎的粉末,分离器底部的下料阀定时开启让釉料成品进入到物料车内,然后转移包装入库,上升管底部的物料则是定期取出投回研磨机。The dried glaze from the dryer flows into the middle of the riser through the inclined pipe. The airflow from bottom to top can carry the completely dry and finely broken glaze into the separator. The flow velocity of the glaze powder in the separator is greatly reduced and it falls and accumulates at the bottom of the separator. The agglomerated glaze in the inclined pipe cannot be lifted by the airflow and falls to the bottom of the riser. The air volume of the fan can be adjusted as needed so that the wind force in the riser can only blow the completely dry and finely broken powder. The discharge valve at the bottom of the separator is opened regularly to allow the finished glaze to enter the material cart, and then transferred and packaged for storage. The material at the bottom of the riser is taken out and returned to the grinder regularly.
风选单元还包括散气网,散气网设置在上升管内,散气网垂直于上升管流道轴线,散气网位于斜管和风机出风管端部之间。The air selection unit also includes an air diffuser, which is arranged in the riser, perpendicular to the axis of the flow channel of the riser, and located between the inclined pipe and the end of the fan outlet pipe.
散气网让气流在通过该处时被切割,充分填充流道所有位置,让下落的釉料充分接触上升气流,结块的釉料在下落时也需要穿过散气网,穿过孔洞时周围风速更大,有机会让部分釉料在风力作用下破除结块状态,重新被气流带往分离器中。The air diffuser net allows the air flow to be cut when passing through it, fully filling all positions of the flow channel, allowing the falling glaze to fully contact the rising air flow. The agglomerated glaze also needs to pass through the air diffuser net when falling. When passing through the holes, the surrounding wind speed is greater, and there is a chance that some of the glaze will break the agglomeration state under the action of wind and be brought back to the separator by the air flow.
与现有技术相比,本发明所达到的有益效果是:本发明通过加水研磨的方式先行制备釉料成分的浆料,在研磨阶段不区分研磨到位程度,加快研磨过程,让大部分的物料快速去往后续工序上,分离盒内形成水平流动,不让待分离的粗料浆堵住给细料浆通过的孔板,分离盒全封闭并带压运行,按需设定孔板两侧压差,细料的料浆进入后道干燥过程,干燥同时进行碾碎处理,大部分成为粉末状态,在风选单元处与少量的结块状态釉料分离,粉末釉料收集处理,结块的釉料进入研磨机内重复装置整个运行流程,所有节点处并没有影响加工效率的堵塞结构,整机连续运行进行玻璃釉料的制粉干燥。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: the present invention first prepares the slurry of glaze components by grinding with water, does not distinguish the degree of grinding in the grinding stage, speeds up the grinding process, allows most of the materials to quickly go to the subsequent process, forms a horizontal flow in the separation box, does not allow the coarse slurry to be separated to block the orifice plate for the fine slurry to pass, the separation box is fully closed and operated under pressure, the pressure difference on both sides of the orifice plate is set as needed, the slurry of the fine material enters the subsequent drying process, and is crushed while drying, most of it becomes a powder state, is separated from a small amount of agglomerated glaze at the air selection unit, the powder glaze is collected and processed, and the agglomerated glaze enters the grinder to repeat the entire operation process of the device, and there is no blocking structure that affects the processing efficiency at all nodes, and the whole machine operates continuously to carry out powdering and drying of glass glaze.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中:The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:
图1是本发明的流程结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process structure of the present invention;
图2是本发明研磨机的外形示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the grinding machine of the present invention;
图3是本发明研磨机的剖面结构示意图;3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the grinding machine of the present invention;
图4是图3中的局部放大图A;FIG4 is a partial enlarged view A in FIG3 ;
图5是本发明分离盒的剖面结构示意图;FIG5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the separation box of the present invention;
图6是本发明分离盒的外形爆炸示意图;FIG6 is an exploded schematic diagram of the appearance of the separation box of the present invention;
图7是本发明干燥机的结构示意图;FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a dryer according to the present invention;
图8是本发明风选单元的结构示意图;FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air selection unit of the present invention;
图9是图8中的局部放大图B;FIG9 is a partial enlarged view B in FIG8;
图中:1、研磨机;11、机架;111、落料槽;12、研磨组件;121、盘身;122、下料管;13、配合盘;14、料斗;15、升降驱动;2、分离盒;21、第一盒体;22、孔板;23、第二盒体;201、进料口;202、细料口;203、粗料口;3、干燥机;31、螺杆;32、湿料进口;33、排气口;34、干料出口;4、风选单元;41、风机;42、上升管;43、斜管;44、分离器;45、下料阀;46、散气网;51、物料泵;52、节流阀;6、物料车。In the figure: 1. grinder; 11. frame; 111. material chute; 12. grinding assembly; 121. plate body; 122. material discharge pipe; 13. matching plate; 14. hopper; 15. lifting drive; 2. separation box; 21. first box body; 22. orifice plate; 23. second box body; 201. feed inlet; 202. fine material inlet; 203. coarse material inlet; 3. dryer; 31. screw; 32. wet material inlet; 33. exhaust port; 34. dry material outlet; 4. air selection unit; 41. fan; 42. riser; 43. inclined pipe; 44. separator; 45. material discharge valve; 46. air dispersion net; 51. material pump; 52. throttle valve; 6. material cart.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
一种玻璃釉料制备用制粉干燥设备,制粉干燥设备包括研磨机1、分离盒2、干燥机3、风选单元4,研磨机1接收前级粉碎机输送过来的釉料原矿粉碎物并加水研磨,分离盒2分别连接研磨机1进出口以及干燥机3进口,分离盒2进口管路上设置朝向分离盒2的物料泵51,分离盒2出流管路上分别设置节流阀52,分离盒2全封闭结构,分离盒2连接将进入其内的物料分离为粗料与细料,干燥机3为螺杆结构,干燥机3在挤出物料同时加热物料,风选单元4连接干燥机3出口。A powder making and drying equipment for preparing glass glaze, the powder making and drying equipment comprises a grinder 1, a separation box 2, a dryer 3, and an air separation unit 4. The grinder 1 receives the glaze ore crushed material delivered by the previous crusher and grinds it with water. The separation box 2 is respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the grinder 1 and the inlet of the dryer 3. A material pump 51 facing the separation box 2 is arranged on the inlet pipeline of the separation box 2. A throttle valve 52 is respectively arranged on the outflow pipeline of the separation box 2. The separation box 2 has a fully enclosed structure. The separation box 2 is connected to separate the material entering it into coarse material and fine material. The dryer 3 is a screw structure. The dryer 3 heats the material while extruding the material. The air separation unit 4 is connected to the outlet of the dryer 3.
如图1所示,粉碎机将用于制造釉料的原矿石粉碎为较小的相对颗粒度均匀的颗粒物后导入到研磨机1开始本装置的制粉干燥过程,研磨机1加入少量水与原料混合并进行研磨,原料变成浆料状态向后输出,研磨机1出料处不好以滤网等形式区分是否研磨到位,设置筛分结构影响物料输出与流动,进一步影响装置整机效率,本申请将所有研磨过一遍的物料统一向后传递,在分离盒2处进行分流,研磨完善的细料通过分离盒2去往干燥机3进行干燥脱水成为粉末,而未研磨到位的浆料则重新回流往研磨机1进行一次重复的研磨周期,干燥机3将浆料绝大部分水分加热蒸发后,物料干燥状态下挤出干燥机3,挤出的釉料大部分为粉末,进入到风选单元4后可能被风力输送并收集,而少部分的釉料则是结块状态,直接作为成品输出影响粉末质量,在风选单元4内微量结块的釉料体无法被风力裹挟转移,结块釉料进入风选单元4即下落,后续可以单独收集进行人工制粉,或者通过管线重新回到研磨机1进行一次重复的制粉干燥流程,风选单元4输出成品釉料处可以放置物料车6承接,转移往打包入库的工序处。As shown in Figure 1, the crusher crushes the raw ore used to make the glaze into smaller particles with relatively uniform particle size and then introduces them into the grinder 1 to start the powder making and drying process of the device. The grinder 1 adds a small amount of water to mix with the raw material and grinds it. The raw material becomes a slurry and is output backward. It is not easy to distinguish whether it is ground in place in the form of a filter screen at the discharge of the grinder 1. The setting of the screening structure affects the material output and flow, and further affects the overall efficiency of the device. This application uniformly transmits all the materials that have been ground once and diverts them at the separation box 2. The fine materials that have been ground perfectly pass through the separation box 2 to the dryer 3 for drying and dehydration to become powder, while the slurry that has not been ground in place flows back to the grinder 1. After a repeated grinding cycle, the dryer 3 heats and evaporates most of the moisture in the slurry, and the material is squeezed out of the dryer 3 in a dry state. Most of the extruded glaze is powder, which may be transported and collected by wind after entering the air selection unit 4, while a small part of the glaze is in a caked state, which affects the quality of the powder when directly output as a finished product. The trace amount of caked glaze in the air selection unit 4 cannot be carried away and transferred by the wind, and the caked glaze falls when entering the air selection unit 4, and can be collected separately for manual powder making, or returned to the grinder 1 through a pipeline for a repeated powder making and drying process. The material cart 6 can be placed at the place where the finished glaze is output from the air selection unit 4 to receive it and transfer it to the packaging and warehousing process.
研磨机1包括机架11、研磨组件12、配合盘13、料斗14,机架11上端安装研磨组件12,配合盘13也安装在机架11上并位于研磨组件12正下方,料斗14设置在机架11底部,研磨组件12包括固定于机架11上的旋转驱动,旋转驱动输出端安装盘身121,盘身121上设置若干下料管122,下料管122上端汇总为一个环形料槽,下料管122下端穿过盘身121连接至盘身121下表面,配合盘13外缘与机架11之间具有间隙,机架11内设置落料槽111,落料槽111底面开孔朝向料斗14。The grinding machine 1 includes a frame 11, a grinding assembly 12, a matching plate 13, and a hopper 14. The grinding assembly 12 is installed on the upper end of the frame 11, and the matching plate 13 is also installed on the frame 11 and is located directly below the grinding assembly 12. The hopper 14 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 11. The grinding assembly 12 includes a rotary drive fixed to the frame 11, and a disc body 121 is installed at the output end of the rotary drive. A plurality of feed pipes 122 are arranged on the disc body 121. The upper ends of the feed pipes 122 are summarized into an annular trough, and the lower ends of the feed pipes 122 pass through the disc body 121 and are connected to the lower surface of the disc body 121. There is a gap between the outer edge of the matching plate 13 and the frame 11, and a feed trough 111 is arranged in the frame 11, and the bottom surface of the feed trough 111 is opened toward the hopper 14.
如图2~4所示,待研磨的物料从上方加入到料槽内,料槽、下料管122和盘身121一同转动,进入到料槽内的物料经由下料管122下落,进入到盘身121和配合盘13之间的研磨间隙内被平面研磨,研磨所需水、分离盒2回流回来的粗料、风选单元4回流的物料都是进入到料槽中并经由下料管122进入研磨位置,研磨后的物料从边缘溢出进入到配合盘13和机架11边缘的间隙并进入落料槽111内,最终流入料斗14,料斗14连接物料泵51被增压注入分离盒2中。As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the material to be ground is added to the trough from above, and the trough, the discharge pipe 122 and the disc body 121 rotate together. The material entering the trough falls through the discharge pipe 122 and enters the grinding gap between the disc body 121 and the matching disc 13 to be plane-ground. The water required for grinding, the coarse material returned from the separation box 2, and the material returned from the air selection unit 4 all enter the trough and enter the grinding position through the discharge pipe 122. The ground material overflows from the edge into the gap between the matching disc 13 and the edge of the frame 11 and enters the drop trough 111, and finally flows into the hopper 14. The hopper 14 is connected to the material pump 51 and is pressurized and injected into the separation box 2.
研磨机1还包括升降驱动15,配合盘13与机架11的连接为上下浮动连接,升降驱动15设置在配合盘13与机架11的连接处,升降驱动15控制配合盘13向上作用的力。The grinding machine 1 further comprises a lifting drive 15 . The connection between the matching disk 13 and the frame 11 is an up-and-down floating connection. The lifting drive 15 is arranged at the connection between the matching disk 13 and the frame 11 . The lifting drive 15 controls the upward force of the matching disk 13 .
盘身121原地旋转,配合盘13若是固定不动,那么研磨间隙就是固定不变,产出的研磨浆料内微小颗粒物的粒度大致不变,本申请通过加入升降驱动15,改变配合盘13向上顶起的力,可以调整改变研磨间隙,控制浆料内釉料颗粒物的目标粒度。The disc body 121 rotates in place. If the mating disc 13 is fixed, the grinding gap will be fixed and the particle size of the tiny particles in the produced grinding slurry will remain roughly unchanged. The present application adds a lifting drive 15 to change the upward force of the mating disc 13, thereby adjusting the grinding gap and controlling the target particle size of the glaze particles in the slurry.
分离盒2包括第一盒体21、孔板22、第二盒体23,第一盒体21和第二盒体23对夹固定孔板22,第一盒体21水平侧面分别开设进料口201和粗料口203,第二盒体23水平侧面开设细料口202,细料口202和粗料口203位于同一侧,细料口202连接干燥机3,粗料口203连接研磨机1。The separation box 2 includes a first box body 21, a perforated plate 22, and a second box body 23. The first box body 21 and the second box body 23 clamp the perforated plate 22. A feed port 201 and a coarse material port 203 are respectively provided on the horizontal sides of the first box body 21. A fine material port 202 is provided on the horizontal side of the second box body 23. The fine material port 202 and the coarse material port 203 are located on the same side. The fine material port 202 is connected to the dryer 3, and the coarse material port 203 is connected to the grinder 1.
如图1、5、6所示,物料经由物料泵51增压注入第一盒体21、孔板22之间,物料成水平流动,分离盒2内具有压力,浆料中大部分较细的组分可以在压差作用下穿过孔板22进入到孔板22和第二盒体23之间,然后从细料口202排出,浆料中一些未研磨充分的粗料无法穿过孔板22,并且,因为浆料水平流动,粗料的运动不是垂直撞向孔板22上可以通过的微孔,粗浆料会被流动的浆料水平冲走,不容易堵死孔板22,可以通过细料口202和粗料口203后续管路上的节流阀52来调节孔板22两侧的压力差值,让进入分离盒2内的浆料大部分流动穿过孔板22作为前往下道工序的流量。As shown in Figures 1, 5 and 6, the material is pressurized and injected between the first box body 21 and the orifice plate 22 by the material pump 51. The material flows horizontally and there is pressure in the separation box 2. Most of the finer components in the slurry can pass through the orifice plate 22 under the action of the pressure difference and enter between the orifice plate 22 and the second box body 23, and then be discharged from the fine material port 202. Some coarse materials in the slurry that are not fully ground cannot pass through the orifice plate 22. Moreover, because the slurry flows horizontally, the movement of the coarse materials is not vertically colliding with the micropores on the orifice plate 22 that can pass through. The coarse slurry will be horizontally washed away by the flowing slurry, and it is not easy to block the orifice plate 22. The throttle valve 52 on the subsequent pipelines of the fine material port 202 and the coarse material port 203 can be used to adjust the pressure difference on both sides of the orifice plate 22, so that most of the slurry entering the separation box 2 flows through the orifice plate 22 as the flow to the next process.
第一盒体21位于第二盒体23的下方。The first box body 21 is located below the second box body 23 .
如图5所示,第一盒体21在下,即进入分离盒2内的物料穿过孔板22的方向是自下而上的,可以进一步利用重力来防止粗颗粒物堵住孔板22表面的微孔。As shown in FIG. 5 , the first box body 21 is at the bottom, that is, the material entering the separation box 2 passes through the orifice plate 22 from bottom to top, and gravity can be further used to prevent coarse particles from blocking the micropores on the surface of the orifice plate 22 .
干燥机3包括机壳、螺杆31、湿料进口32、排气口33、干料出口34,机壳内转动设置啮合的螺杆31,机壳倾斜设置,机壳侧壁上端设置湿料进口32、排气口33,机壳侧壁下端设置干料出口34,螺杆31端部带有加热结构,湿料进口32连接分离盒2,干料出口34通往风选单元4。The dryer 3 includes a casing, a screw 31, a wet material inlet 32, an exhaust port 33, and a dry material outlet 34. The screw 31 is rotatably arranged in meshing engagement in the casing, the casing is tilted, the wet material inlet 32 and the exhaust port 33 are arranged at the upper end of the casing side wall, the dry material outlet 34 is arranged at the lower end of the casing side wall, the end of the screw 31 is provided with a heating structure, the wet material inlet 32 is connected to the separation box 2, and the dry material outlet 34 leads to the air selection unit 4.
如图7所示,进入到螺杆31啮合位置的釉料被加热,水分蒸发从排气口33排出并预热新进入的湿釉料,可以通过一定的功率设定让特定流量的釉料在通过螺杆31后被全部干燥完毕并碾碎为粉末从干料出口34排出,极少量的结块釉料在后续的风选单元4内处理。As shown in FIG7 , the glaze entering the meshing position of the screw 31 is heated, and the water evaporates and is discharged from the exhaust port 33 to preheat the newly entered wet glaze. A certain power setting can be used to allow the glaze of a specific flow rate to be completely dried and crushed into powder after passing through the screw 31 and discharged from the dry material outlet 34. A very small amount of agglomerated glaze is processed in the subsequent air selection unit 4.
螺杆31有三根,三根螺杆31横截面上成正三角形分布,其中一根螺杆31表面为光杆。There are three screw rods 31 , and the three screw rods 31 are distributed in a regular triangle shape in cross section, and the surface of one of the screw rods 31 is a smooth rod.
三根螺杆进行挤送可以增加物料与螺杆31的接触路径长度,增加干燥时间,充分脱除水分进行干燥。The three screws for extrusion can increase the contact path length between the material and the screw 31, increase the drying time, and fully remove moisture for drying.
风选单元4包括风机41、上升管42、斜管43、分离器44、下料阀45,分离器44为旋风分离器,分离器44上部侧壁连接上升管42上端,上升管42远离分离器44的一端折弯向下成为竖直段,上升管42竖直段侧壁上连接斜管43,斜管43连接干燥机3,风机41出风口通过管道通往上升管42下端并且出风口朝上,分离器44下端和上升管42下端分别设置下料阀45。The air selection unit 4 includes a fan 41, an ascending pipe 42, an inclined pipe 43, a separator 44, and a discharge valve 45. The separator 44 is a cyclone separator. The upper side wall of the separator 44 is connected to the upper end of the ascending pipe 42. One end of the ascending pipe 42 away from the separator 44 is bent downward to become a vertical section. The side wall of the vertical section of the ascending pipe 42 is connected to the inclined pipe 43, and the inclined pipe 43 is connected to the dryer 3. The air outlet of the fan 41 is connected to the lower end of the ascending pipe 42 through a pipeline and the air outlet faces upward. The lower end of the separator 44 and the lower end of the ascending pipe 42 are respectively provided with discharge valves 45.
如图8所示,从干燥机3过来的干燥釉料经由斜管43流入到上升管42中部,自下而上的气流可以裹挟完全干燥且细碎为粉末态的釉料进入到分离器44内,釉料粉末在分离器44内流速大大下降而下落积存在分离器44底部,斜管43内的结块的釉料体则无法被气流托举而下落到上升管42的底部,风机41的风量可以按需调节,让上升管42内的风力只能吹动完全干燥且细碎的粉末,分离器44底部的下料阀45定时开启让釉料成品进入到物料车6内,然后转移包装入库,上升管42底部的物料则是定期取出投回研磨机。As shown in Figure 8, the dried glaze from the dryer 3 flows into the middle of the riser 42 through the inclined pipe 43. The airflow from bottom to top can carry the completely dry and finely broken glaze into the separator 44. The flow velocity of the glaze powder in the separator 44 is greatly reduced and the glaze powder falls and accumulates at the bottom of the separator 44. The agglomerated glaze body in the inclined pipe 43 cannot be lifted by the airflow and falls to the bottom of the riser 42. The air volume of the fan 41 can be adjusted as needed so that the wind force in the riser 42 can only blow the completely dry and finely broken powder. The discharge valve 45 at the bottom of the separator 44 is opened regularly to allow the finished glaze to enter the material cart 6, and then transferred and packaged for storage. The material at the bottom of the riser 42 is taken out and returned to the grinder regularly.
风选单元4还包括散气网46,散气网46设置在上升管42内,散气网46垂直于上升管42流道轴线,散气网46位于斜管43和风机41出风管端部之间。The air selection unit 4 further includes an air diffuser 46 , which is disposed in the riser 42 . The air diffuser 46 is perpendicular to the flow channel axis of the riser 42 , and is located between the inclined tube 43 and the end of the air outlet pipe of the fan 41 .
如图8、9所示,散气网46让气流在通过该处时被切割,充分填充流道所有位置,让下落的釉料充分接触上升气流,结块的釉料在下落时也需要穿过散气网46,穿过孔洞时周围风速更大,有机会让部分釉料在风力作用下破除结块状态,重新被气流带往分离器44中。As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 , the air diffuser 46 allows the airflow to be cut when passing through it, fully filling all positions of the flow channel, allowing the falling glaze to fully contact the rising airflow, and the agglomerated glaze also needs to pass through the air diffuser 46 when falling. When passing through the holes, the surrounding wind speed is greater, and there is a chance that part of the glaze can be broken out of the agglomerate state under the action of wind and be brought back to the separator 44 by the airflow.
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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