CN118675805A - High fire-retardant fire-resistant cable - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable used in the field of cables, comprising a cable core layer, an armor layer woven around the outside of the cable core layer, and an outer protective layer sleeved on the outside of the armor layer. The above-mentioned left-hand barrier card, right-hand barrier card, tension bar, heat-sensitive filling medium and heat-sensitive shrinkage bundle are arranged. On the one hand, the service life of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable can be extended when a fire occurs, and the effectiveness and continuity of its signal transmission can be ensured. On the other hand, when the outer protective layer catches fire, it can cause it to produce a dual action of peeling and cutting, which effectively blocks the spread of fire and reduces the fire. At the same time, it can also play a flame-retardant role with a certain inhibitory effect, avoiding continuous damage to the cable core layer caused by continuous flames, further promoting the durability of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable, improving its performance, and effectively providing a relatively long auxiliary role for fire rescue, thereby improving its safety guarantee role.

Description

A highly flame retardant and fire resistant cable

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fire-resistant cable, in particular to a highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable used in the cable field.

Background Art

Fire-resistant cable is a special type of cable that can maintain safe operation for a certain period of time under flame conditions. This type of cable is widely used in high-rise buildings, subways, large power stations and other places related to fire safety and firefighting lifesaving, such as power supply lines and control lines for emergency facilities such as fire-fighting equipment and emergency guide lights.

Although fire-resistant cables can maintain safe operation for a certain period of time when flames are burning, the flames will still spread through them, causing the fire to grow. As the flames continue to spread, not only will their own safe operation performance be reduced and their application functions be lost, but the fire will continue to grow, increasing safety hazards and being unfavorable for fire rescue and suppression.

Therefore, how to ensure the functionality of fire-resistant cables while enabling them to prevent the spread of flames and avoid the continued increase of fire is one of the problems that need to be solved urgently.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to ensure the functionality of the fire-resistant cable while enabling it to have the effect of preventing the spread of flames.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable, comprising a cable core layer, an armor layer woven around the outside of the cable core layer, and an outer protective layer sleeved on the outside of the armor layer, the outer protective layer is embedded with a plurality of evenly distributed left-hand barrier cards, the right end of the left-hand barrier card is fixedly connected with a right-hand barrier card embedded in the outer protective layer, a tension bar matching the outer protective layer is arranged between the left-hand barrier card and the right-hand barrier card which are far away from each other, a tension cavity is opened in the tension bar, the tension cavity is filled with a heat-sensitive filling medium, and a plurality of heat-sensitive shrinkage bundles are fixedly connected between the left and right inner walls of the tension cavity.

In the above-mentioned highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable, when the outer protective layer catches fire, it is prompted to produce a dual action of peeling and cutting, effectively blocking the spread of fire, and can effectively provide a relatively long period of auxiliary effect for fire rescue, thereby improving its safety protection function.

As a supplement to the present application, both the left-hand barrier card and the right-hand barrier card are provided with traction grooves matching with the tension strips, and the tension strips are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the traction grooves close to the armor layer.

As a supplement to the present application, the number of the tension strip is at least one, and the traction groove is arranged corresponding to the tension strip.

As a supplement to the present application, the outer protective layer includes an outer insulating layer sleeved on the outside of the armor layer, a fire-resistant layer sleeved on the outside of the outer insulating layer, and an outer sheath sleeved on the outside of the fire-resistant layer. The left-hand blocking card and the right-hand blocking card are simultaneously embedded in the outer sheath, the fire-resistant layer and the outer insulating layer. The tension bar is embedded in the outer insulating layer, and the outer sheath and the fire-resistant layer wrap the tension bar.

As a supplement to the present application, the cable core layer includes an insulating layer of a cable core arranged inside the armor layer, a transmission core conductor evenly distributed in the cable core insulating layer, and a filling layer filled in the cable core insulating layer.

As a further improvement of the present application, a release opening is provided at the lower end of the left-hand barrier card and the right-hand barrier card, and the width of the release opening is less than or equal to the width of the tension bar.

As a further improvement of the present application, the thermal-sensitive filling medium is an inert gas having a thermal expansion effect.

As a further improvement of the present application, a long pressure-stabilizing groove is provided on the inner wall of the tension chamber, and the groove depth of the long pressure-stabilizing groove is equal to 1/2 of the wall thickness of the tension bar.

As a further improvement of the present application, a plurality of drainage grooves are provided on the inner wall of the outer insulating layer, and the drainage grooves are located at positions corresponding to the tension bars.

In summary, through the arrangement of left-hand barrier card, right-hand barrier card, tension bar, heat-sensitive filling medium and heat-sensitive shrinkage bundle, on the one hand, the service life of the high flame retardant and fire-resistant cable can be extended when a fire occurs, and the effectiveness and continuity of its signal transmission can be ensured. On the other hand, when the outer protective layer catches fire, it can be prompted to produce a dual action of stripping and cutting, which effectively blocks the spread of fire and reduces the fire. At the same time, it can also play a flame retardant role with a certain inhibitory effect, avoiding the continuous damage to the cable core layer caused by the flame, further promoting the durability of the high flame retardant and fire-resistant cable, improving its performance, and effectively providing a long-term auxiliary role for fire rescue, thereby improving its safety protection role. In addition, if abnormal problems such as poor heat dissipation and high temperature occur during the application of the high flame retardant and fire-resistant cable, the thermal expansion of the heat-sensitive filling medium will cause the tension bar to form a mobile bulging effect on the outer protective layer, so that maintenance personnel can observe abnormal conditions in time when inspecting the high flame retardant and fire-resistant cable, and deal with the abnormalities, further promoting the functionality of the high flame retardant and fire-resistant cable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is an axonometric diagram of a highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable according to the first and second embodiments of the present application;

FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of the outer protective layer, the left-hand barrier card and the tension strip in the first and second embodiments of the present application;

FIG3 is a front view of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable in the normal state of the first and second embodiments of the present application;

FIG4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tension strip in the normal state of the first and second embodiments of the present application;

FIG5 is a front view of a highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable in a thermally expanded state according to the first and second embodiments of the present application;

FIG6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tension strip in the thermal expansion state of the first and second embodiments of the present application;

FIG7 is a front view of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable in the peeled state according to the first and second embodiments of the present application;

FIG8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tension strip in the peeling state of the first and second embodiments of the present application;

FIG9 is an axonometric diagram of the left-hand barrier card, the right-hand barrier card and the tension bar in the first and second embodiments of the present application;

FIG10 is a diagram showing the state changes of the left-hand barrier card, the right-hand barrier card and the tension strip in the first and second embodiments of the present application when performing flame retardant protection;

FIG. 11 is an axonometric diagram of the first and second embodiments of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cables of the present application in use during a fire.

Description of the numbers in the figure:

1 outer protective layer, 11 outer sheath, 12 fire-resistant layer, 13 outer insulating layer, 2 armor layer, 3 cable core layer, 31 transmission core conductor, 32 filling layer, 33 cable core insulating layer, 4 left-hand blocking card, 41 right-hand blocking card, 42 traction groove, 43 release opening, 5 tension bar, 51 thermally sensitive filling medium, 52 thermally sensitive shrinkable tow.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Two implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The first implementation method:

Fig. 1 to Fig. 11 show a highly flame retardant and fire resistant cable, which comprises a cable core layer 3, an armor layer 2 woven around the outside of the cable core layer 3 and an outer protective layer 1 sleeved on the outside of the armor layer 2, a plurality of evenly distributed left-hand barrier cards 4 are embedded in the outer protective layer 1, a right-hand barrier card 41 embedded in the outer protective layer 1 is fixedly connected to the right end of the left-hand barrier card 4, a tension bar 5 matched with the outer protective layer 1 is arranged between the left-hand barrier card 4 and the right-hand barrier card 41 which are far away from each other, a tension bar 5 is arranged in the tension bar 5, a tension cavity is opened in the tension bar 5, the tension cavity is filled with a heat-sensitive filling medium 51, and a plurality of heat-sensitive shrinkage bundles 52 are fixedly connected between the left and right inner walls of the tension cavity, by arranging the left-hand barrier card 4, the right-hand barrier card 41, the tension bar 5, the heat-sensitive filling medium 51 and the heat-sensitive shrinkage bundles 52, on the one hand, the service life of the highly flame retardant and fire resistant cable can be extended in case of fire to ensure the effectiveness and continuity of its signal transmission, and on the other hand, On the one hand, when the outer protective layer 1 catches fire, it can cause it to produce a dual action of peeling and cutting, which can effectively block the spread of fire and reduce the fire. At the same time, it can also play a flame retardant role with a certain inhibitory effect, avoiding the continuous damage to the cable core layer 3 caused by the flame, further promoting the durability of the highly flame retardant and fire-resistant cable, improving its performance, and can effectively provide a long-term auxiliary role for fire rescue, thereby improving its safety protection role. In addition, if abnormal problems such as poor heat dissipation that produce high temperatures occur during the application of the highly flame retardant and fire-resistant cable, the thermal expansion of the thermally sensitive filling medium 51 will cause the tension bar 5 to form a mobile bulging effect on the outer protective layer 1, so that maintenance personnel can observe abnormal conditions in time when inspecting the highly flame retardant and fire-resistant cable, and deal with the abnormalities, further promoting the functionality of the highly flame retardant and fire-resistant cable.

Figures 1 to 11 show that both the left-hand barrier card 4 and the right-hand barrier card 41 are provided with a traction groove 42 that matches the tension bar 5, and the tension bar 5 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the traction groove 42 close to the armor layer 2. The setting of the traction groove 42 can, on the one hand, guide and limit the deformation of the tension bar 5, thereby ensuring that the tension bar 5 has a peeling effect on the outer protective layer 1 after the fire. On the other hand, it can enable the right-hand barrier card 41 and the traction groove 42 that are far away from each other to produce a close deformation action under the action of the heat-sensitive shrinkage bundle 52 after the subsequent peeling of the outer protective layer 1, thereby effectively realizing the effect of cutting off and blocking the fire location, effectively avoiding the continuous spread of fire in the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable, reducing the generation of safety hazards, and promoting the auxiliary role of rescue and suppression of the fire.

Figures 1 to 11 show that the number of tension bars 5 is at least one, and the traction groove 42 is arranged corresponding to the tension bar 5. According to the wire diameter of the highly flame retardant and fire resistant cable, a suitable number of tension bars 5 can be selected for setting, so as to ensure the peeling and cutting effect when the outer protective layer 1 is burned, effectively ensure the effect of the tension bar 5, play a good flame retardant and fire resistant role, improve the performance of the highly flame retardant and fire resistant cable, and can also effectively control the manufacturing cost of the highly flame retardant and fire resistant cable, increase its market applicability, and improve the economic benefits of the preparation of highly flame retardant and fire resistant cables.

Figures 3 to 11 show that the outer protective layer 1 includes an outer insulating layer 13 sleeved on the outside of the armor layer 2, a fire-resistant layer 12 sleeved on the outside of the outer insulating layer 13, and an outer sheath 11 sleeved on the outside of the fire-resistant layer 12. The left-hand blocking card 4 and the right-hand blocking card 41 are simultaneously embedded in the outer sheath 11, the fire-resistant layer 12 and the outer insulating layer 13. The tension bar 5 is embedded in the outer insulating layer 13, and the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12 wrap the tension bar 5. The tension bar 5 is normally arranged in the outer insulating layer 13. Through the wrapping protection of the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12, it is effectively avoided to be damaged during the laying or daily use of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable, and the effectiveness of the tension bar 5 function is effectively guaranteed.

Figures 1 to 11 show that the cable core layer 3 includes an insulating layer 33 arranged on the cable core inside the armor layer 2, a transmission core conductor 31 evenly distributed in the cable core insulation layer 33, and a filling layer 32 filled in the cable core insulation layer 33. The filling layer 32 can effectively fill, retain and isolate and protect between multiple transmission core conductors 31 and between the transmission core conductor 31 and the cable core insulation layer 33, effectively ensuring the effectiveness of signal transmission of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable.

It should be noted that the outer insulating layer 13 and the cable core insulating layer 33 are usually made of high temperature resistant inorganic materials or high performance organic materials. For example, inorganic materials such as mica and magnesium oxide can be used, which can maintain stable insulation performance at high temperatures to prevent short circuit or leakage. The fire-resistant layer 12 is usually wrapped with multiple layers of mica tape, which can withstand high temperatures and still maintain insulation performance at high temperatures. The outer sheath 11 is made of flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride, fluoroplastics, cross-linked polyethylene or other high-performance polymer materials. The armor layer 2 is an armor layer woven of steel strips or metal wires to improve the compression and impact resistance of the flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable. The filling layer 32 is made of a material treated with a flame retardant, which helps to improve the overall flame retardancy of the cable. The left-hand barrier card 4, the right-hand barrier card 41 and the tension bar 5 can be made of materials with high flame retardancy, such as flame retardant polyolefin materials. The heat-sensitive shrinkable wire bundle 52 is a bundle of multiple memory metal wires, which can produce a shrinking effect at high temperatures and recover after the temperature is restored.

9 shows that the left-hand barrier card 4 and the right-hand barrier card 41 have release openings 43 at their lower ends, and the width of the release openings 43 is less than or equal to the width of the tension strip 5 . The provision of the release openings 43 can increase the integrity of the outer protective layer 1 and the protective effect of the outer protective layer 1 .

Figures 1 to 11 show that the thermal-sensitive filling medium 51 is an inert gas with thermal expansion effect. The inert gas can be selected from helium, neon, argon, krypton and xenon, and helium is the most preferred. It can not only produce thermal expansion after the temperature rises, but also has good stability at high temperatures. After it overflows, it can dilute the concentration of surrounding oxygen and slow down the burning speed of the flame. When it overflows between the armor layer 2 and the outer protective layer 1, it can also isolate oxygen and prevent the spread of fire.

Figures 1 to 11 show that during the application of highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cables, if there is a problem of excessive local temperature or poor heat dissipation, the thermal-sensitive filling medium 51 in the tension bar 5 absorbs heat to generate thermal expansion, and then the tension bar 5 is deformed under the guidance of the traction groove 42, and then the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12 are lifted and deformed, resulting in a long bulge in the appearance of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable. When subsequent maintenance personnel perform maintenance and repair on the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cables, their abnormal conditions can be effectively observed, which is convenient for timely maintenance and repair of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cables.

When a highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable is on fire, the outer protective layer 1, the left-hand barrier card 4, and the right-hand barrier card 41 have certain fire-resistant and flame-retardant properties, which can ensure their own safety in the early stage of the fire, effectively ensure the normal transmission of their signals, and provide auxiliary functions for rescue operations. When the fire continues to spread and causes the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12 to burn, the heat-sensitive filling medium 51 will continue to absorb heat and expand due to the continuous effect of temperature. The tension bar 5 will continue to expand under the guidance of the traction groove 42, and the outer sheath 11 and The fire-resistant layer 12 is deformed by lifting, and under the burning action of the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12, the tension bar 5 will tear the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12, thereby causing gaps in the outer sheath 11, the fire-resistant layer 12 and the outer insulating layer 13, promoting the peeling action from the armor layer 2, blocking the action of the flame on the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12 on the armor layer 2, and under the continuous action of high temperature, the tension bar 5 will rupture, causing the thermal filling medium 51 inside it to overflow. When the thermal filling medium 51 overflows, on the one hand, It can dilute the oxygen near the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable to slow down the burning of the flame. On the other hand, due to the overflow of the heat-sensitive filling medium 51, the tension bar 5 loses its expansion force, and the heat-sensitive shrinkage bundle 52 produces heat shrinkage deformation after absorbing heat, which will drive the left-hand barrier card 4 and the right-hand barrier card 41 on the left and right sides of the tension bar 5 to come closer. Under the action of high temperature and the contraction of the tension bar 5, the left-hand barrier card 4 and the right-hand barrier card 41 originally fixedly connected will separate, and the left-hand barrier card 4 and the right-hand barrier card 41 on the left and right sides of the tension bar 5 will separate. Under the effect of the right-hand barrier card 41 coming close to each other and the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12 burning, the left-hand barrier card 4 and the right-hand barrier card 41 will have a cutting effect on the outer sheath 11, the fire-resistant layer 12 and the outer insulating layer 13, effectively avoiding the continuous spread of the flame, and avoiding the continuous spread and development of the fire on the axis, thereby effectively playing a flame retardant effect, further promoting the durability of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable, improving its performance, and being able to effectively provide a longer period of auxiliary effect for fire rescue, thereby improving its safety protection function.

Second implementation method:

Fig. 1 to Fig. 11 show a highly flame retardant and fire resistant cable. On the basis of the first embodiment, an improvement is made. A voltage stabilizing groove is provided on the inner wall of the tension chamber, and the groove depth of the voltage stabilizing groove is equal to 1/2 of the wall thickness of the tension bar 5. The setting of the voltage stabilizing groove can further ensure the safety of the highly flame retardant and fire resistant cable during application. After the thermal-sensitive filling medium 51 expands to a certain pressure, the tension bar 5 can be ruptured by the voltage stabilizing groove, causing the thermal-sensitive filling medium 51 to overflow. On the one hand, when the outer protective layer 1 is not torn by the tension bar 5, the overflowing thermal-sensitive filling medium 51 can promote the peeling of the outer protective layer 1 from the armor layer 2. The overflowing thermal-sensitive filling medium 51 can be used to peel off the armor layer 2 and the outer protective layer 1. A protective barrier layer is formed between the protective layers 1. After the outer protective layer 1 is torn by the tension bar 5, the overflowing heat-sensitive filling medium 51 can suppress the fire and prevent the fire from intensifying, thereby effectively achieving flame retardant and protective effects. On the other hand, after the heat-sensitive filling medium 51 overflows and causes the tension bar 5 to lose pressure, the heat-sensitive shrinkable wire bundle 52 can produce heat shrinkage deformation, causing the tension bar 5 to drive the left-hand barrier card 4 and the right-hand barrier card 41 to cut off the outer protective layer 1, thereby preventing the fire from continuing to spread. The voltage-stabilizing long groove causes the tension bar 5 to rupture, which can effectively avoid subsequent risks caused by the continuous increase in the pressure of the tension bar 5, thereby further ensuring the safety of the highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cables during application.

4 to 8 show that a plurality of drainage grooves are provided on the inner wall of the outer insulating layer 13, and the drainage grooves are located at positions corresponding to the tension strips 5. The arrangement of the drainage grooves enables the thermal filling medium 51 to overflow after the tension strips 5 have not torn the outer protective layer 1. The overflowed thermal filling medium 51 can form a protective air barrier between the armor layer 2 and the outer insulating layer 13 under the drainage of the drainage grooves after the tension strips 5 have ruptured and caused the thermal filling medium 51 to overflow. On the one hand, the protective air barrier can be continuously torn and peeled off the outer protective layer 1 through the effect of its air expansion. On the other hand, the fire on the outer protective layer 1 can be prevented from continuously spreading to the armor layer 2, thereby effectively suppressing the flame retardancy.

Figures 1 to 11 show that when a highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable is on fire, due to the setting of the voltage-stabilizing long groove, when the tension bar 5 is expanded and deformed by the thermal expansion of the heat-sensitive filling medium 51, the tension bar 5 will not only lift up the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12 to promote their tearing, but also form pressure on its own voltage-stabilizing long groove. Therefore, if the tension bar 5 has not completely torn the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12, the deformation of the tension bar 5 at the voltage-stabilizing long groove causes it to rupture first, and the heat-sensitive filling medium 51 therein will overflow first. The overflowed heat-sensitive filling medium 51 will fill between the armor layer 2, the outer insulating layer 13 and the fire-resistant layer 12, and under the guidance of the drainage groove on the outer insulating layer 13, an air barrier will be formed between the armor layer 2 and the outer insulating layer 13, and when the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12 are subsequently burned After breaking, it can isolate the oxygen, prevent the fire from spreading toward the armor layer 2, avoid the spread of fire on the radial line, and avoid the continuous damage caused by the flame to the armor layer 2 and the cable core layer 3, thereby extending the application time of the highly flame retardant and fire-resistant cable, and buying time for the rescue signal. If after the tension bar 5 completely tears the outer sheath 11 and the fire-resistant layer 12, the deformation of the tension bar 5 at the voltage-stabilizing long groove causes it to rupture itself, the thermal-sensitive filling medium 51 therein will overflow and scatter around the outer sheath 11, the fire-resistant layer 12 and the outer insulating layer 13, effectively diluting the oxygen concentration and suppressing the flame combustion. Then, in the subsequent heat shrinkage process of the thermal-sensitive shrinkable filament bundle 52, the outer sheath 11, the fire-resistant layer 12 and the outer insulating layer 13 are cut off in the axial direction, thereby achieving an effective flame retardant effect.

In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A highly flame retardant and fire resistant cable, characterized in that it comprises a cable core layer (3), an armor layer (2) woven around the outside of the cable core layer (3), and an outer protective layer (1) sleeved on the outside of the armor layer (2), the outer protective layer (1) being embedded with a plurality of evenly distributed left-hand blocking cards (4), the right end of the left-hand blocking card (4) being fixedly connected to a right-hand blocking card (41) embedded on the outer protective layer (1), a tension bar (5) matching with the outer protective layer (1) being arranged between the left-hand blocking card (4) and the right-hand blocking card (41) which are separated from each other, the tension bar (5) being provided with a tension cavity, the tension cavity being filled with a heat-sensitive filling medium (51), and a plurality of heat-sensitive shrinkable filament bundles (52) being fixedly connected between the left and right inner walls of the tension cavity. 2. A highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left-hand barrier card (4) and the right-hand barrier card (41) are both provided with a traction groove (42) that matches the tension bar (5), and the tension bar (5) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the traction groove (42) close to the armor layer (2). 3. A highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: the number of the tension bar (5) is at least one, and the traction groove (42) is arranged corresponding to the tension bar (5). 4. A highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: a release opening (43) is provided at the lower end of the left-hand barrier card (4) and the right-hand barrier card (41), and the width of the release opening (43) is less than or equal to the width of the tension bar (5). 5. A highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermal-sensitive filling medium (51) is an inert gas with thermal expansion effect. 6. A highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: a voltage-stabilizing long groove is opened on the inner wall of the tension chamber, and the groove depth of the voltage-stabilizing long groove is equal to 1/2 of the wall thickness of the tension bar (5). 7. A highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer protective layer (1) includes an outer insulating layer (13) sleeved on the outside of the armor layer (2), a fire-resistant layer (12) sleeved on the outside of the outer insulating layer (13) and an outer sheath (11) sleeved on the outside of the fire-resistant layer (12), the left-hand blocking card (4) and the right-hand blocking card (41) are simultaneously embedded in the outer sheath (11), the fire-resistant layer (12) and the outer insulating layer (13), the tension bar (5) is embedded in the outer insulating layer (13), and the outer sheath (11) and the fire-resistant layer (12) wrap the tension bar (5). 8. A highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: a plurality of drainage grooves are provided on the inner wall of the outer insulating layer (13), and the drainage grooves are located at positions corresponding to the tension bars (5). 9. A highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cable core layer (3) includes an insulating layer (33) arranged on the inner side of the armor layer (2), a transmission core conductor (31) evenly distributed in the cable core insulating layer (33), and a filling layer (32) filled in the cable core insulating layer (33).