CN118597337A - A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system, including a floating platform, a photovoltaic module, an undulating anchor, a water surface wave cutter and an anchor seat. A plurality of rectangular arrangements are arranged together to form a floating platform system. Each of the floating platforms serves as a floating platform unit. A plurality of photovoltaic modules are arranged and installed on the floating platform. An undulating anchor is installed below the floating platform. The undulating anchor is fixedly connected to the anchor seat. The anchor seat is anchored in the river bottom. The undulating anchor and the anchor seat form an anchor unit. At least one water surface wave cutter is installed on the floating platform. The present invention introduces an anchor cable universal ball joint mechanism and a steel cable floating adjustment unit, which realizes the uniform force of the anchor cable and the adaptive adjustment of the water level change, prolongs the service life and simplifies the installation. The water surface wave cutter adopts step-by-step wave cutting and a unique plate structure design, which effectively reduces the impact of waves on the floating platform system.

Description

A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation on water, and in particular to a floating photovoltaic platform and a photovoltaic power generation system on water.

Background Art

Floating photovoltaic platform and water photovoltaic power generation system is an innovative renewable energy power generation solution. This system is mainly composed of photovoltaic platform and floating body, which carries the photovoltaic platform and floats on the water.

The photovoltaic platform is the core part of the system. It consists of multiple photovoltaic panels that are carefully designed and arranged on the platform to maximize the reception and utilization of solar energy. The photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into direct current, which is then transmitted to the inverter and battery energy storage system on the shore through cables, and finally converted into alternating current and connected to the grid.

The float is a key structure supporting the photovoltaic platform. It is made of high-strength, high-density materials to ensure the stability and safety of the platform. The float is fixed to the water surface by anchor chains or buoys to prevent the platform from drifting or capsizing due to factors such as water flow or wind.

The advantage of floating photovoltaic platforms and water photovoltaic power generation systems is that they make full use of the vast space of the water surface and avoid occupying precious land resources. At the same time, due to the lower temperature on the water surface, the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels is usually higher than that on land. In addition, this system is also highly flexible and mobile, and the location and scale of the platform can be adjusted as needed to adapt to different environments and application requirements.

At present, floating photovoltaic platforms are mainly fixed on the water surface by anchoring systems, and the stability of the platform is maintained by the drag force of the anchor cables. However, when faced with strong winds and waves, the photovoltaic platform will still shake or float on the water surface. In this case, the anchor cables will change from a vertical state to an inclined state, resulting in stress concentration points at both ends. If subjected to this stress for a long time, the strength and structural integrity of the anchor cables will be irreversibly damaged.

In addition, the waves generated by the water surface will continuously impact the photovoltaic platform. The traditional solution is to install a baffle on the outside of the platform to block the impact of the waves. Although this method can reduce the adverse effects of waves to a certain extent, it cannot effectively reduce the platform shaking caused by the impact force and eliminate subsequent waves.

Another problem is that the height of the water level is difficult to control artificially. When the water level changes significantly, such as when the water level rises, the anchor cable will be subjected to huge tension; and when the water level drops, the stability of the anchor cable will drop significantly, and may even weaken drastically. This situation further exacerbates the stability problem of the anchor cable and the entire photovoltaic platform.

Therefore, it is very necessary to invent a floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system. The present invention provides the following technical solutions: comprising a floating platform, a photovoltaic module, an undulating anchor, a water surface wave cutter and an anchoring seat, a plurality of rectangular arrangements together form a floating platform system, each of the floating platforms serves as a floating platform unit, a plurality of the photovoltaic modules are arranged and installed on the floating platform, an undulating anchor is installed below the floating platform, the undulating anchor is fixedly connected to the anchoring seat, the anchoring seat is anchored in the river bottom, and the undulating anchor and the anchoring seat form an anchoring unit; at least one water surface wave cutter is installed on the floating platform;

The undulating anchor comprises an anchor top shell, a buffer damper, a connecting seat, an undulating anchor rod, a limiting head, an anchor rod barrel, an anchor cable, a ball head seat, a universal ball head and a ball head sealing cover. The anchor top shell is fixedly connected to the floating platform. The buffer damper is hingedly installed inside the anchor top shell. The output end of the buffer damper is installed together with the upper end of the undulating anchor rod through the connecting seat. The limiting head is fixedly installed on the undulating anchor rod and is located below the connecting seat. The anchor rod barrel seal passes through the undulating anchor rod, and the undulating anchor rod is fixedly installed on the anchor top shell; the two ends of the anchor cable are respectively fixedly connected to the ball head seat or the ball head sealing cover, the lower end of the anchor cable is fixedly connected to the anchor seat through the ball head seat, the universal ball head is movably installed on the ball head seat, and the universal ball head is fixedly connected to the ball head sealing cover;

The surface wave cutter comprises an extension guide rod, a wave cutting combination plate, a plate spacing auxiliary spring, a main spring and a scissor-type mechanism. At least two extension guide rods are provided, one end of the extension guide rod is fixedly connected to the floating platform, at least three wave cutting combination plates are slidably mounted on the extension guide rod, the wave cutting combination plates are elastically connected to each other through the plate spacing auxiliary spring, one of the wave cutting combination plates is elastically connected to the floating platform through the main spring, the floating platform is connected to one end of the scissor-type mechanism, and the other end of the scissor-type mechanism is connected to one of the wave cutting combination plates.

Preferably, the floating platform includes a platform frame, a floating unit and a mounting base plate, a plurality of the floating units are mounted on the platform frame, a spacing is provided between the floating units to allow the installation of the anchoring top shell, the floating unit is located below the mounting base plate, the mounting base plate is fixedly mounted on the platform frame, a plurality of the photovoltaic modules are arranged and mounted on the mounting base plate, and are fixedly connected to the anchoring top shell; the outside of the platform frame is fixedly connected to the extension guide rod, and is also connected to the main spring and the scissors-type mechanism.

Preferably, the anchoring top shell is an octagonal shell, and at least two of the buffer dampers are symmetrically hingedly installed inside the anchoring top shell. The buffer dampers are hydraulic dampers, and the heave anchor rods are located between the buffer dampers.

Preferably, water level alarm switches are installed on both sides of the upper and lower interior of the anchoring top shell, and the water level alarm switches are connected to a water level alarm system, which includes a water level alarm switch, a wireless transmitting module, a wireless receiving module, a controller, and a wireless alarm.

Preferably, the water level alarm switch is located on both sides directly above and below the heaving anchor rod. The water level alarm switch arranged directly above allows being triggered by the heaving anchor rod, and the water level alarm switches on both sides below allow being triggered by the limiting head, which is a conical table structure.

Preferably, a waterproof sealing assembly is installed on the anchor rod barrel, the lower end of the undulating anchor rod passes through the anchor rod barrel and is fixedly connected to the ball head sealing cover. The ball head sealing cover is a conical cover structure, and the inner surface of the ball head sealing cover is provided with multiple waterproof sealing rings of different diameters, which are arranged between the ball head seat and the ball head sealing cover.

Preferably, the ball head seat, universal ball head and ball head sealing cover are an anchor cable universal ball joint mechanism, the upper outer part of the ball head seat is an arcuate surface, also known as an arcuate sealing surface, and the ball head seat is provided with a ball head cavity required to allow the universal ball head to be installed, and the universal ball head is arranged on the inner side of the ball head seat and the ball head sealing cover.

Preferably, there is a spacing between the extension guide rods to allow the wave-cutting assembly board to slide, and the wave-cutting assembly board is slidably mounted on one end of the extension guide rod away from the floating platform. The extension guide rod is located below the scissor-type mechanism, and at least two scissor-type mechanisms are provided.

Preferably, the spacing between the wave-cutting composite plates is a multi-stage buffer spacing, the plate spacing auxiliary spring is arranged between the spacings, the plate spacing auxiliary spring and the main spring are sleeved and installed on the outside of the extension guide rod, and the main spring is connected to the innermost wave-cutting composite plate.

Preferably, the wave-cutting composite plate is composed of a wave-cutting part and a wave-blocking part, the upper part of the wave-cutting composite plate is the wave-cutting part, and the lower part is the wave-blocking part, the wave-cutting part is a 'V'-shaped structure, and the wave-blocking part is a rectangular structure, the area located inside the wave-cutting composite plate is the wave-cutting area, and the position of the floating platform system is the wave-cutting area.

Preferably, the heights of the plurality of wave-cutting composite boards increase from the outside to the inside in sequence, but the height of the wave-cutting portion of the wave-cutting composite board is constant, and only the height of the wave-blocking portion changes.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The undulating anchor of the present invention revolutionizes the introduction of the anchor cable universal ball joint mechanism, which has excellent multi-directional and multi-angle mobility. When the floating platform is shaken by external factors such as waves and wind, the anchor cable universal ball joint mechanism can intelligently adjust the positions of the two ends of the anchor cable to ensure that they are always in the same straight line. This design eliminates the generation of stress concentration points, making the tension on the anchor cable more evenly distributed, and significantly reducing the fatigue and fracture risks of the steel cable caused by stress concentration. It not only effectively extends the service life of the steel cable, but also simplifies the installation and debugging process, reduces installation errors, improves construction efficiency, and greatly reduces construction difficulty.

2. The undulating anchor of the present invention also innovatively introduces a steel cable floating adjustment unit, which is composed of key components such as anchor top shell, buffer damper, connecting seat, undulating anchor rod, limiting head and anchor rod barrel. This ingenious design enables it to adapt to changes in water levels within a certain range.

When the water level fluctuates, the buffer damper, the connection seat and the heave anchor work together to achieve the lifting and lowering adjustment of the heave anchor, effectively sharing the increase in anchor cable tension caused by the rising water level, and preventing the anchor cable from excessive stress caused by water level changes. At the same time, this design also avoids the problem of a sharp drop in anchor cable stability when the water level drops, ensuring the stable operation of the system under various water level conditions.

3. The surface wave cutters in the present invention are carefully arranged on the outside of the floating platform system to form a unique wave cutting area. The design of this area makes the floating platform system exactly in the best position for wave cutting effect. The wave cutting composite board adopts a design strategy of gradually increasing from the outside to the inside, so that large waves are blocked step by step when passing through, effectively reducing their height and impact force. When the wave encounters this series of gradually rising wave cutting boards, its energy is consumed step by step, and the wave scale and impact force are greatly weakened when it finally reaches the floating platform system.

4. The wave-cutting composite plate of the surface wave cutter of the present invention combines the essence of rectangular and V-shaped designs to form a unique plate structure. Among them, most of the rectangular part is placed under the water surface, while the V-shaped part is located on the water surface. This hybrid design brings about an excellent wave-cutting effect. The rectangular part provides a larger wave-facing area, which effectively disperses and weakens the initial energy of the wave, similar to a fixed barrier, blocking the wave from directly impacting the floating platform system. At the same time, the V-shaped part uses its sharp angle to more effectively cut into the wave, quickly change the direction of the wave and disperse it, further reducing the impact on the floating platform system. This hybrid design combines two different mechanisms to deal with waves: on the one hand, it disperses the wave energy through a large wave-facing area, and on the other hand, it quickly weakens its impact force by changing the direction of the wave.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic platform and photovoltaic system structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the floating platform of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the undulating anchor of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of point A in FIG. 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the water surface wave cutter of the present invention.

In the figure:

Floating platform 1, platform frame 11, floating unit 12, mounting base plate 13, photovoltaic module 2, undulating anchor 3, anchor top shell 31, buffer damper 32, connecting seat 33, undulating anchor 34, limiting head 35, anchor tube 36, anchor cable 37, ball head seat 38, universal ball head 39, ball head sealing cover 30, surface wave cutter 4, extension guide rod 41, wave cutting combination plate 42, plate spacing auxiliary spring 43, main spring 44, scissor-type mechanism 45, anchor seat 5.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-6:

The present invention provides a floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system, comprising a floating platform 1, a photovoltaic module 2, an undulating anchor 3, a water surface wave cutter 4 and an anchor seat 5. Several rectangular arrangements together form a floating platform system. An inverter system is arranged on one side of the floating platform system. The inverter system is connected to the photovoltaic module 2 and the power grid through cables. The inverter system is installed on the floating platform 1. Each of the floating platforms 1 serves as a floating platform unit. Several photovoltaic modules 2 are arranged and installed on the floating platform 1. An undulating anchor 3 is installed below the floating platform 1. The undulating anchor 3 is fixedly connected to the anchor seat 5. The anchor seat 5 is anchored in the riverbed. The undulating anchor 3 and the anchor seat 5 form an anchoring unit. At least one water surface wave cutter 4 is installed on the floating platform 1.

The undulating anchor 3 comprises an anchor top shell 31, a buffer damper 32, a connecting seat 33, an undulating anchor rod 34, a limiting head 35, an anchor rod tube 36, an anchor cable 37, a ball head seat 38, a universal ball head 39 and a ball head sealing cover 30. The anchor top shell 31 is fixedly connected to the floating platform 1. The buffer damper 32 is hingedly installed inside the anchor top shell 31. The output end of the buffer damper 32 is installed together with the upper end of the undulating anchor rod 34 through the connecting seat 33. A limiting head 35 is fixedly mounted on the rod 34 and is located below the connecting seat 33. An anchor rod tube 36 seals and passes through the undulating anchor rod 34. The undulating anchor rod 34 is fixedly mounted on the anchoring top shell 31. Both ends of the anchor cable 37 are fixedly connected to the ball head seat 38 or the ball head sealing cover 30 respectively. The lower end of the anchor cable 37 is fixedly connected to the anchoring seat 5 through the ball head seat 38. The universal ball head 39 is movably mounted on the ball head seat 38. The universal ball head 39 is fixedly connected to the ball head sealing cover 30. The precise combination of these components enables the anchor cable 37 to perform relative movements or rotations in multiple directions and angles under the action of wind and waves, thereby dispersing stress, extending service life, and simplifying the installation and commissioning process.

The surface wave cutter 4 comprises an extension guide rod 41, a wave cutting assembly plate 42, a plate spacing auxiliary spring 43, a main spring 44 and a scissor-type mechanism 45, wherein at least two extension guide rods 41 are provided, one end of the extension guide rod 41 is fixedly connected to the floating platform 1, at least three wave cutting assembly plates 42 are slidably mounted on the extension guide rod 41, the wave cutting assembly plates 42 are elastically connected to each other through the plate spacing auxiliary spring 43, one of the wave cutting assembly plates 42 is elastically connected to the floating platform 1 through the main spring 44, the floating platform 1 is connected to one end of the scissor-type mechanism 45, and the other end of the scissor-type mechanism 45 is connected to one of the wave cutting assembly plates 42, when the wave contacts the gradually rising wave cutting assembly plate, its energy will be consumed step by step, and the wave scale and impact force when reaching the platform have been greatly weakened. This design effectively protects the photovoltaic module and the entire system from being damaged by waves.

Embodiment 1:

Specifically, the floating platform 1 includes a platform frame 11, a floating unit 12 and a mounting substrate 13. A plurality of the floating units 12 are mounted on the platform frame 11. The floating units 12 have a spacing between them that allows the anchoring top shell 31 to be installed. The floating unit 12 is located below the mounting substrate 13. The mounting substrate 13 is fixedly mounted on the platform frame 11. A plurality of the photovoltaic modules 2 are arranged and mounted on the mounting substrate 13, and are fixedly connected to the anchoring top shell 31. The outside of the platform frame 11 is fixedly connected to the extension guide rod 41, and is also connected to the main spring 44 and the scissor-type mechanism 45.

Specifically, the anchoring top shell 31 is an octagonal shell, which not only provides enough space to accommodate internal components, but also enhances the overall stability and structural strength. The heave anchor 34 is located between the buffer dampers 32. Inside the anchoring top shell 31, at least two buffer dampers 32 are symmetrically hingedly installed. These buffer dampers 32 are hydraulic dampers with excellent buffering and vibration reduction performance. When external factors such as waves or wind act on the floating platform 1, the hydraulic dampers 32 can effectively absorb and disperse these forces to reduce the direct impact on the platform.

Specifically, water level alarm switches are installed on both sides of the upper and lower parts of the anchoring top shell 31. The water level alarm switches are connected to the water level alarm system. The water level alarm system includes a water level alarm switch, a wireless transmitting module, a wireless receiving module, a controller, and a wireless alarm. In order to further improve the safety and reliability of the present invention, a water level alarm switch is installed inside the anchoring top shell 31. These water level alarm switches are closely connected with the specially designed water level alarm system to form a complete monitoring and response mechanism. When the water level reaches or exceeds the preset warning line, the corresponding water level alarm switch will be activated, thereby triggering the water level alarm system. The wireless transmitting module in the system will immediately send the alarm signal to the wireless receiving module, and then transmit it to the controller. As the core of the entire alarm system, the controller is responsible for processing the received signal and triggering the wireless alarm to sound an alarm so as to promptly remind the operator to pay attention to the abnormal water level. This design can not only provide timely warnings when the water level is abnormal, but also realize remote monitoring and alarms through wireless transmission, which greatly enhances the flexibility and convenience of the system.

Specifically, in order to more accurately monitor water level changes and ensure timely response, water level alarm switches are installed in key positions. Specifically, the water level alarm switches are set at both sides of the upper and lower sides of the undulating anchor rod 34. This layout fully considers the range and speed of water level changes to ensure that the alarm system can be accurately triggered in different situations. The water level alarm switch set just above is designed to allow it to be triggered by the undulating anchor rod 34. When the water level drops to approach or exceed the preset warning line, the anchor top shell 31 will drop with the drop of water level under the action of buoyancy, and the undulating anchor rod 34 will move upward relative to the anchor top shell 31, thereby triggering the water level alarm switch. This design cleverly utilizes the motion characteristics of the undulating anchor rod 34 to achieve direct monitoring of water level changes. The water level alarm switches on both sides below are set to allow it to be triggered by the limiting head 35. The limiting head 35 adopts a conical table structure, and its design not only reduces the resistance of the water flow, but also enhances the reliability of triggering the water level alarm switch. When the water level rises to approach or exceed the warning line, the anchoring top shell 31 installed on the floating platform 1 will rise with the rising water level, the heave anchor 34 will descend relative to the anchoring top shell 31, and the limiting head 35 installed on the heave anchor 34 will contact the water level alarm switch, thereby triggering the alarm.

Specifically, a waterproof sealing assembly is installed on the anchor rod tube 36. The lower end of the undulating anchor rod 34 passes through the anchor rod tube 36 and is fixedly connected to the ball head sealing cover 30. The ball head sealing cover 30 is designed as a conical cover structure, which not only optimizes the water flow, but also enhances its sealing performance. More importantly, a plurality of waterproof sealing rings of different diameters are arranged on the inner surface of the ball head sealing cover 30. These sealing rings are made of highly elastic and water-resistant materials, and can form multiple sealing barriers between the ball head seat 38 and the ball head sealing cover 30, effectively preventing the entry of moisture and impurities.

Specifically, the ball head seat 38, the universal ball head 39 and the ball head sealing cover 30 are an anchor cable universal ball joint mechanism. The upper outer part of the ball head seat 38 is an arcuate surface, also known as an arcuate sealing surface. The ball head seat 38 is provided with a ball head cavity required to allow the universal ball head 39 to be installed. The universal ball head 39 is arranged on the inner side of the ball head seat 38 and the ball head sealing cover 30.

Specifically, there is a spacing between the extension guide rods 41 that allows the wave-cutting composite board 42 to slide. The wave-cutting composite board 42 is slidably mounted on the end of the extension guide rod 41 away from the floating platform 1. The extension guide rod 41 is located below the scissor-type mechanism 45. At least two scissor-type mechanisms 45 are provided. The design relationship between the extension guide rod 41 and the wave-cutting composite board 42 is particularly important. The extension guide rod 41 not only plays a supporting and guiding role, but also provides a sliding track for the wave-cutting composite board 42. This design enables the wave-cutting composite board 42 to slide freely between the extension guide rods 41, thereby adapting to different wave heights and frequencies.

Specifically, the spacing between the wave-cutting combination plates 42 is a multi-level buffer spacing, and the plate spacing auxiliary spring 43 is arranged between the spacings. The plate spacing auxiliary spring 43 and the main spring 44 are sleeved and installed on the outside of the extension guide rod 41, and the main spring 44 is connected to the innermost wave-cutting combination plate 42. This design enables the spacing between the wave-cutting combination plates 42 to be adaptively adjusted according to the height and strength of the waves, so as to better achieve the wave-cutting effect.

Specifically, the wave-cutting composite plate 42 is composed of a wave-cutting portion and a wave-blocking portion. The upper portion of the wave-cutting composite plate 42 is the wave-cutting portion, which adopts a "V"-shaped structure. This design enables the wave-cutting portion to cut into the waves like a knife blade, effectively reducing the height of the waves. At the same time, the "V"-shaped structure can also guide the waves to disperse to both sides, reducing the direct impact of the waves on the floating platform system. The lower portion of the wave-cutting composite plate 42 is the wave-blocking portion, which adopts a rectangular structure. The main function of the wave-blocking portion is to block and reflect waves, preventing waves from bypassing the wave-cutting portion and directly impacting the floating platform system. The design of the rectangular structure enables the wave-blocking portion to have stronger structural stability and impact resistance.

Specifically, in order to further optimize the wave-breaking effect and improve the adaptability to different wave conditions, the wave-cutting composite panels 42 are arranged in a manner in which the height increases from the outside to the inside. In this arrangement, the heights of several wave-cutting composite panels 42 increase from the outside to the inside, which means that the wave-cutting composite panels 42 closer to the floating platform system have higher heights. This design helps to gradually reduce and block waves, thereby ensuring that the floating platform system is always in a relatively stable working environment. Although the overall height of the wave-cutting composite panels 42 is increasing, the height of the wave-cutting portion is constant. This means that no matter how the height of the wave-cutting composite panels 42 changes, its wave-cutting ability remains consistent. This design ensures that the wave-cutting portion can always effectively cut into the waves and guide them to disperse to both sides.

Embodiment 2:

Floating platform 1: As the foundation of the entire system, floating platform 1 uses the principle of buoyancy to float stably on the water surface. Its design takes into account structural strength and stability to ensure the normal operation of photovoltaic modules 2 and other equipment.

Photovoltaic module 2: Installed on floating platform 1, responsible for converting solar energy into electrical energy. The layout and installation of photovoltaic module 2 take into account the lighting conditions and power generation efficiency to achieve maximum energy output.

Undulating anchor 3: This component is connected to the anchor seat 5 at the bottom of the river through an anchor cable 37, providing stable support for the floating platform 1. The design of the undulating anchor 3 allows it to move or rotate relative to other positions or angles under the action of wind and waves, thereby dispersing stress and extending the service life. The lower end of the undulating anchor rod 34 passes through the anchor rod tube 36 and is fixedly connected to the ball head sealing cover 30. The conical cover structure of the ball head sealing cover 30 optimizes the permeability of the water flow and enhances its sealing performance. The multiple waterproof sealing rings of different diameters on the inner surface are made of highly elastic and water-resistant materials to form multiple sealing barriers to effectively prevent the entry of moisture and impurities. The ball head seat 38, the universal ball head 39 and the ball head sealing cover 30 constitute the anchor cable universal ball joint mechanism. The upper outer part of the ball head seat 38 is an arc-shaped sealing surface, and a ball head cavity is provided inside to install the universal ball head 39. The universal ball head 39 is arranged between the ball head seat 38 and the ball head sealing cover 30, providing flexible connection and rotation functions.

Surface wave cutter 4: The extended guide rod 41 provides a sliding track for the wave cutting assembly plate 42, so that the wave cutting assembly plate 42 can slide freely under different wave heights and frequencies. The multi-stage buffer spacing between the wave cutting assembly plates 42 and the setting of the plate spacing auxiliary spring 43 and the main spring 44 enable the wave cutting assembly plate 42 to be adaptively adjusted according to the height and strength of the waves, so as to better achieve the wave cutting effect. The wave cutting assembly plate 42 is composed of a wave cutting part and a wave blocking part. The "V"-shaped structure of the wave cutting part can cut into the waves, reduce the height of the waves and guide them to disperse to both sides. The rectangular structure of the wave blocking part blocks and reflects the waves to prevent them from bypassing the wave cutting part and directly impacting the floating platform system.

Water level alarm system: When the water level rises to approach or exceed the warning line, the anchoring top shell 31 on the floating platform 1 will descend or rise as the water level rises or falls. The heave anchor 34 moves up or down relative to the anchoring top shell 31. When the upper end or the limit head 35 of the heave anchor 34 contacts the water level alarm switch, the alarm system is triggered and an alarm sounds to remind the operator to pay attention to the height change of the water level.

Embodiment three:

System initialization: Before starting the system, ensure that all components are installed correctly and in good working condition. Check the set value of the water level alarm system to ensure its accuracy.

Photovoltaic power generation: Under sunshine conditions, the photovoltaic modules 2 start to work and convert sunlight into electrical energy. The generated electrical energy is transmitted to the inverter system through cables.

Power conversion and transmission: The inverter system converts DC power into AC power and transmits it to the grid through cables. At the same time, the inverter system is also responsible for monitoring the quality and quantity of power to ensure the stable operation of the system.

Wave management: When waves contact the water surface wave cutter 4, their energy is consumed step by step. The coordinated work of the extended guide rod 31 and the wave cutting composite plate 31 greatly reduces the size and impact of the waves, thereby protecting the photovoltaic module 2 and the entire system from damage by the waves.

Water level monitoring and alarm: During system operation, the water level alarm system continuously monitors water level changes. When the water level reaches or exceeds the preset warning line, the water level alarm switch is triggered and the alarm system is activated. After receiving the alarm signal, the operator takes appropriate measures to ensure the safe operation of the system.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (11)

1. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: comprising a floating platform (1), a photovoltaic module (2), an undulating anchor (3), a water surface wave cutter (4) and an anchor seat (5), each of the floating platforms (1) serving as a floating platform unit, a plurality of the photovoltaic modules (2) being arranged and installed on the floating platform (1), an undulating anchor (3) being installed below the floating platform (1), the undulating anchor (3) being fixedly connected to the anchor seat (5), the anchor seat (5) being anchored in the river bottom, the undulating anchor (3) and the anchor seat (5) being an anchor unit; at least one water surface wave cutter (4) being installed on the floating platform (1); The heaving anchor (3) comprises an anchoring top shell (31), a buffer damper (32), a connecting seat (33), a heaving anchor rod (34), a limiting head (35), an anchor rod tube (36), an anchor cable (37), a ball head seat (38), a universal ball head (39) and a ball head sealing cover (30); the anchoring top shell (31) is fixedly connected to the floating platform (1); the buffer damper (32) is hingedly installed inside the anchoring top shell (31); the output end of the buffer damper (32) is installed together with the upper end of the heaving anchor rod (34) through the connecting seat (33); A limiting head (35) is fixedly mounted on the anchor rod (34) and is located below the connecting seat (33). The anchor rod tube (36) seals and passes through the undulating anchor rod (34). The undulating anchor rod (34) is fixedly mounted on the anchoring top shell (31). The two ends of the anchor cable (37) are respectively fixedly connected to the ball head seat (38) or the ball head sealing cover (30). The lower end of the anchor cable (37) is fixedly connected to the anchoring seat (5) through the ball head seat (38). The universal ball head (39) is movably mounted on the ball head seat (38). The universal ball head (39) is fixedly connected to the ball head sealing cover (30). The surface wave cutter (4) comprises an extension guide rod (41), a wave cutting assembly plate (42), a plate spacing auxiliary spring (43), a main spring (44) and a scissor-type mechanism (45). At least two extension guide rods (41) are provided, one end of the extension guide rod (41) is fixedly connected to the floating platform (1), at least three wave cutting assembly plates (42) are slidably mounted on the extension guide rod (41), the wave cutting assembly plates (42) are elastically connected to each other via the plate spacing auxiliary spring (43), one of the wave cutting assembly plates (42) is elastically connected to the floating platform (1) via the main spring (44), the floating platform (1) is connected to one end of the scissor-type mechanism (45), and the other end of the scissor-type mechanism (45) is connected to one of the wave cutting assembly plates (42). 2. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the floating platform (1) comprises a platform frame (11), a floating unit (12) and a mounting substrate (13), a plurality of the floating units (12) are mounted on the platform frame (11), and a spacing is provided between the floating units (12) to allow the installation of the anchoring top shell (31), the floating unit (12) is located below the mounting substrate (13), the mounting substrate (13) is fixedly mounted on the platform frame (11), a plurality of the photovoltaic modules (2) are arranged and mounted on the mounting substrate (13), and are fixedly connected to the anchoring top shell (31); the outside of the platform frame (11) is fixedly connected to the extension guide rod (41), and is also connected to the main spring (44) and the scissor-type mechanism (45). 3. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the anchoring top shell (31) is an octagonal shell, at least two buffer dampers (32) are symmetrically hingedly installed inside the anchoring top shell (31), the buffer damper (32) is a hydraulic damper, and the heaving anchor rod (34) is located between the buffer dampers (32). 4. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that water level alarm switches are installed on both sides of the upper and lower parts of the anchoring top shell (31), and the water level alarm switches are connected to the water level alarm system. 5. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the water level alarm switch is located on both sides of the upper and lower sides of the undulating anchor rod (34), the water level alarm switch arranged directly above allows to be triggered by the undulating anchor rod (34), and the water level alarm switches on both sides below allow to be triggered by the limiting head (35), and the limiting head (35) is a conical table structure. 6. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: a waterproof sealing assembly is installed on the anchor rod tube (36), the lower end of the undulating anchor rod (34) passes through the anchor rod tube (36), and is fixedly connected to the ball head sealing cover (30), the ball head sealing cover (30) is a conical cover structure, and the inner surface of the ball head sealing cover (30) is provided with a plurality of waterproof sealing rings of different diameters, and the waterproof sealing ring is arranged between the ball head seat (38) and the ball head sealing cover (30). 7. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the ball head seat (38), the universal ball head (39) and the ball head sealing cover (30) are an anchor cable universal ball joint mechanism, the upper outer part of the ball head seat (38) is an arcuate surface, also known as an arcuate sealing surface, and the ball head seat (38) is provided with a ball head cavity required to allow the universal ball head (39) to be installed, and the universal ball head (39) is arranged on the inner side of the ball head seat (38) and the ball head sealing cover (30). 8. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the extension guide rods (41) have a spacing between them that allows the wave-cutting composite board (42) to slide, the wave-cutting composite board (42) is slidably mounted on the end of the extension guide rod (41) away from the floating platform (1), the extension guide rod (41) is located below the scissor-type mechanism (45), and at least two scissor-type mechanisms (45) are provided. 9. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the spacing between the wave-cutting composite panels (42) is a multi-level buffer spacing, and the panel spacing auxiliary spring (43) is arranged between the spacings, and the panel spacing auxiliary spring (43) and the main spring (44) are sleeved and installed on the outside of the extension guide rod (41), and the main spring (44) is connected to the innermost wave-cutting composite panel (42). 10. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the wave-cutting composite plate (42) is composed of a wave-cutting part and a wave-blocking part, the upper part of the wave-cutting composite plate (42) is the wave-cutting part, and the lower part is the wave-blocking part, the wave-cutting part is a "V"-shaped structure, and the wave-blocking part is a rectangular structure, and the area located on the inner side of the wave-cutting composite plate (42) is the wave-cutting area. 11. A floating photovoltaic platform and a water photovoltaic power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the heights of the plurality of wave-cutting composite panels (42) increase successively from the outside to the inside, but the height of the wave-cutting portion of the wave-cutting composite panel (42) is constant, and only the height of the wave-blocking portion changes.