CN118579949A - A bio-enhanced reactor for harmless treatment and resource utilization of black water and its application method - Google Patents
A bio-enhanced reactor for harmless treatment and resource utilization of black water and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/005—Black water originating from toilets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
本发明涉及废水处理技术领域，提供一种黑水无害化处理及资源化利用的生物增强型反应器及其应用方法。包括反应器外壳和壳体内的五个功能仓，所述五个功能仓为依次连接的固液分离仓、深度沉淀仓、预处理仓、强化处理仓和尾水利用仓；本发明的反应器黑水处理高效，沼液取用方便，生产成本低廉，建造、运维简单、绿色低碳，能够解决农村生活污水治理中黑水高效资源化利用的普及和应用问题。
The present invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and provides a bio-enhanced reactor for harmless treatment and resource utilization of black water and an application method thereof. The reactor comprises a reactor shell and five functional chambers in the shell, wherein the five functional chambers are a solid-liquid separation chamber, a deep sedimentation chamber, a pretreatment chamber, an enhanced treatment chamber and a tail water utilization chamber connected in sequence; the reactor of the present invention has high efficiency in black water treatment, convenient access to biogas slurry, low production cost, simple construction, operation and maintenance, and is green and low-carbon, and can solve the popularization and application problems of efficient resource utilization of black water in rural domestic sewage treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a biological enhancement type reactor for innocuous treatment and resource utilization of black water and an application method thereof, and more particularly relates to a biological enhancement type reactor suitable for innocuous treatment and resource utilization of black water of single household or multiple adjacent households.
Background
The current collection mode in rural domestic sewage treatment can be divided into black ash mixing and black ash separation, wherein the black ash separation is an important precondition for realizing nitrogen and phosphorus recycling. Black water in rural domestic sewage treatment is pretreated by adopting a septic tank, the traditional three-grid septic tank is generally composed of three independent cavities, the cavities are connected through a flow-through pipe, solid-liquid separation is realized by a first grid, manure is sunk into the bottom of the tank, and manure skin floats on the upper layer; the second lattice withstands the settled parasitic ova, and plays a role in sterilization and egg killing through anaerobic fermentation; and a third grid of sedimentation filter tanks for obtaining the treated sewage.
However, the traditional three-format septic tank is not enough to adapt to the new thought of rural domestic sewage treatment of ' high efficiency, economy, simple and convenient operation and maintenance, utilization of the novel thought of ' first, ecological cycle, green and low carbon '. The problems are mainly: 1) The harmless treatment effect of black water is poor, the related indexes (such as SS and COD) of the effluent are difficult to reach the requirement of resource utilization, and the aim of efficient treatment is not fulfilled; 2) The resource taking path is lost, so that the principle of convenient taking is not satisfied; 3) After solid-liquid separation, the solid is inconvenient to suck, the sanitary condition is poor, and the principle of simple operation and maintenance is not satisfied; 4) The traditional three-format septic tank mainly carries out anaerobic fermentation, and does not meet the green low-carbon treatment requirement.
Therefore, how to solve the above problems, especially, the innocent treatment and recycling of specific black water are important in the research in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention improves and optimizes the existing bioreactor, provides a biological enhancement type reactor which has high efficiency of black water treatment, convenient biogas slurry taking, low production cost, simple construction and operation and maintenance and low carbon for the treatment mode of black water and ash separation and black water resource utilization of rural domestic sewage, and aims to solve the popularization and application problems of black water high efficiency resource utilization in rural domestic sewage treatment.
The black water in the invention is not limited to black water (fecal sewage) in the traditional sense, and can specifically comprise toilet-flushing fecal mixture, diluted urine water, other high-concentration domestic sewage (such as rice washing water) and the like, and has the characteristics of small water quantity and high concentration.
The invention provides a biological enhancement type reactor for harmless treatment and recycling of black water, which comprises a reactor shell and five functional bins in the shell, wherein the five functional bins are a solid-liquid separation bin, a deep sedimentation bin, a pretreatment bin, an enhanced treatment bin and a tail water utilization bin which are sequentially connected; the water inlet pipe is arranged on the solid the side wall of the liquid separation bin, the water outlet pipe is arranged on the side wall of the tail water utilization bin; aeration pipes are respectively arranged in the pretreatment bin, the strengthening treatment bin and the tail water utilization bin, the aeration pipes are connected with an aeration pump outside the reactor, and the aeration pump is connected with a solar power supply system; the bottoms of the aeration pipes in the treatment bin and the strengthening treatment bin are provided with aeration holes or aeration heads; a return pipe is arranged in the tail water utilization bin and is communicated with the liquid in the tail water utilization bin and the pretreatment bin; the tail end of the return pipe of the tail water utilization bin is connected with a tee joint, and the return pipe, an aerator pipe in the tail water utilization bin and liquid in the tail water utilization bin are communicated through the tee joint;
The functional cabins are separated by a partition board, and the top end of each partition board is provided with a vent hole which is positioned above the effective water level in each functional cabin; in the solid-liquid separation bin, the deep sedimentation bin, the pretreatment bin and the strengthening treatment bin, two adjacent functional bins are respectively communicated through a first water passing pipe, a second water passing pipe and a third water passing pipe, and the strengthening treatment bin is communicated with the tail water utilization bin through water passing holes; the heights of the water inlet pipe, the first water passing pipe and the second water passing pipe are sequentially reduced, the height of the third water passing pipe is higher than that of the first water passing pipe, and the height of the water passing hole is lower than that of the second water passing pipe; the bottom of each functional bin is respectively provided with a mud storage hopper; the bottom surfaces of the sludge storage hoppers of the solid-liquid separation bin and the deep sedimentation bin are provided with horizontal perforation slag suction pipes, and the vertical solid wall slag suction pipes are inserted into the horizontal perforation slag suction pipes; the bottom surfaces of the sludge storage hoppers of the pretreatment bin, the strengthening treatment bin and the tail water utilization bin are provided with horizontal perforation sludge suction pipes, and the vertical solid wall sludge suction pipes are inserted into the horizontal perforation sludge suction pipes; a filtering device positioned right below the water inlet pipe is arranged in the solid-liquid separation bin; the top of the solid-liquid separation bin is provided with a vent pipe which is communicated with the outside of the reactor; biological fillers are arranged in the pretreatment bin and the strengthening treatment bin; the upper part of the tail water utilization bin is provided with an inclined plate; the front end of the water outlet pipe is provided with an overflow weir, the overflow weir is positioned above the sloping plate, and the top mark is higher than the water inlet pipe.
Optionally, the effective total volume ratio of the solid-liquid separation bin, the deep sedimentation bin, the pretreatment bin and the strengthening treatment bin is 2:1:1:2.
Optionally, the ratio of the sum of the effective total volumes of the solid-liquid separation bin, the deep sedimentation bin, the pretreatment bin and the strengthening treatment bin to the effective total volume of the tail water utilization bin is 4:1.
Optionally, the first water passing pipe, the second water passing pipe and the third water passing pipe are provided with downward elbows on the water inlet side; the first water passing pipe is positioned above the middle height of the partition plate; the water passing holes are positioned below the horizontal height of the bottom surface of the biological filler.
Optionally, quick socket connectors are arranged at the top ends of the vertical solid wall slag suction pipe and the vertical solid wall mud suction pipe; the periphery of the horizontal perforation slag suction pipe and the periphery of the horizontal perforation mud suction pipe are uniformly provided with holes, and the diameters of the holes are 25-50 mm; the tops of the solid-liquid separation bin and the deep sedimentation bin are respectively provided with a slag removing port, and the pipe orifice of the vertical solid-wall slag suction pipe is arranged at the edge of the slag removing port; the top of the pretreatment bin, the top of the strengthening treatment bin and the top of the tail water utilization bin are respectively provided with openings, namely an inspection opening, an equipment hole and a recycling opening; the pipe orifice of each vertical solid wall mud suction pipe is respectively arranged at the edge of each opening.
Optionally, the biological filler in the pretreatment bin is a columnar biological filler module, the outer frame of the columnar biological filler module is a steel wire mesh, and spherical polyurethane is filled in the columnar biological filler module; an inspection opening is formed in the top of the pretreatment bin, and the diameter of the columnar biological filler module is smaller than that of the inspection opening.
Optionally, the biological filler in the strengthening treatment bin is a suspended biological filler module, the outer frame of the suspended biological filler module is a movable bracket, the interior of the suspended biological filler module is filled with MBBR suspended filler, and the filling ratio of the MBBR suspended filler in the strengthening treatment bin is 30% -40% v/v.
Optionally, the periphery of the filtering device is made of steel wire mesh materials, the mesh aperture is 6-10 mm, and blades are arranged below the filtering device; the inclined plate in the tail water treatment bin is movably arranged in the tail water utilization bin through a horizontal supporting rod; the top elevation of the overflow weir is 5cm lower than that of the water inlet pipe.
Optionally, the aeration pipe includes house steward and branch pipe, and the aeration pump is connected to house steward one end, and three branch pipe are connected to the other end, and the branch pipe is vertical aeration pipe, is located pretreatment storehouse, reinforcement treatment storehouse and tail gas utilization storehouse respectively, is equipped with the valve on each branch pipe respectively.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for using the bio-enhancement reactor described above, comprising: when the tail water is recycled, namely, the tail water is taken, the aeration quantity of the aeration pipe in the tail water utilization bin is reduced or cut off, so that the tail water reflux flow in the reflux pipe is reduced or cut off, or the aeration quantity of the pretreatment bin and the strengthening treatment bin is increased.
The invention provides a solar micro-power biological enhancement reactor for harmless treatment and resource utilization of black water. The reactor of the invention uses solar energy to supply power, and the electric equipment is less, only the aeration pump needs to be powered, and no other electric equipment exists, so the operation cost is low; specifically, through the arrangement of the aeration pump and the return pipe in the tail water utilization bin, aeration is not only used for constructing the aerobic or anoxic habitat of the tail water utilization bin and the pretreatment bin, but also can provide water flow power for the return flow between the tail water utilization bin and the pretreatment bin without depending on a water pump. In addition, through the arrangement of the water inlet pipe, the water passing holes and other high and low positions among the functional cabins, baffled water is formed among the functional cabins, and the water flow reaction contact time in the functional cabins is enhanced. And still through filter equipment, inhale sediment pipe, inhale mud pipe, overflow weir isotructure setting, make the solid-liquid separation in each function storehouse more thoroughly, made things convenient for the peasant household to take the field still to the tail water, made things convenient for the sediment of later stage, mud discharge, also reduced manufacturing cost and operation maintenance's degree of difficulty, be convenient for practical popularization and application. Further, biological filler modules are arranged in the pretreatment bin and the strengthening treatment bin for microorganism to adhere and grow, so that a mud film composite and multi-habitat treatment environment is created, and the treatment effect of the reactor is strengthened. In addition, the invention also provides an application method of the biological enhancement type reactor, and two modes including innocent treatment, namely standard discharge or resource utilization of tail water can be realized through controlling aeration quantity or tail water reflux quantity; impact load caused by fluctuation of water quality and water quantity of incoming water can be effectively applied by a reflux quantity control mode of tail water, so that the application range of the bio-enhancement reactor is wider, and the water outlet requirements under various conditions are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan (top) view of a bio-enhanced reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional (front view) schematic of a bio-enhancement reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a filtration apparatus of a bio-enhancement reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical bio-filler module structure of a bio-enhanced reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a suspended bio-filler module of a bio-enhanced reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a slant plate of a bio-enhancement reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a horizontal perforated slag suction pipe or a horizontal perforated sludge suction pipe of a bio-enhancement reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention; in the drawing, A is a schematic plan structure of a pipe body, and B is a schematic section of a pipeline.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water outlet pipe and an overflow weir of a bio-enhanced reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 10-a solid-liquid separation bin, 20-a deep sedimentation bin, 30-a pretreatment bin, 40-an enhanced treatment bin and 50-a tail water utilization bin; 60-an aeration pump, 70-an aeration pipe; 11-a water inlet pipe, 12-a filtering device, 13-a first supporting rod, 14-a first vertical solid wall slag suction pipe, 15-a first horizontal perforation slag suction pipe, 16-a first mud storage hopper, 17-a first water passing pipe, 18-a first partition plate, 19-a first vent hole, 110-a first slag removal port and 111-a vent pipe; 21-a second vertical solid wall slag suction pipe, 22-a second horizontal perforation slag suction pipe, 23-a second mud storage hopper, 24-a second water pipe, 25-a second baffle plate, 26-a second ventilation hole and 27-a second slag removal port; 31-third mud storage hopper, 32-second support rod, 33-first vertical solid wall mud suction pipe, 34-first horizontal perforation mud suction pipe, 35-columnar biological filler module, 36-third water pipe, 37-third partition board, 38-third air vent and 39-inspection port; 41-fourth mud storage hopper, 42-second vertical solid wall mud suction pipe, 43-second horizontal perforation mud suction pipe, 44-water passing hole, 45-suspended biological filler module, 46-external frame, 47-fourth partition board, 48-fourth air hole, 49-equipment hole; 51-fifth mud storage hopper, 52-third vertical solid wall suction pipe, 53-third horizontal perforation suction pipe, 54-horizontal support rod, 55-sloping plate, 56-overflow weir, 57-recycling port, 58-water outlet pipe, 81-return pipe and 82-tee joint.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bio-enhanced reactor for harmless treatment and recycling of black water comprises a reactor shell and five functional bins in the shell, wherein the five functional bins are a solid-liquid separation bin 10, a deep sedimentation bin 20, a pretreatment bin 30, an enhanced treatment bin 40 and a tail water utilization bin 50 which are sequentially connected; the inlet pipe 11 sets up in the solid-liquid separation storehouse 10 lateral wall, and outlet pipe 58 sets up in tail water utilization storehouse 50 lateral wall, collects the black water of waiting to handle and flows through above-mentioned five function warehouses in proper order from inlet pipe 11, and the tail water after the processing is discharged from outlet pipe 58. The outside of the reactor is provided with a solar power supply (power supply) system and an aeration system.
The aeration system for the reactor includes an aeration pump 60, an aeration control unit, an aeration pipe 70, and the like. The pretreatment bin 30, the strengthening treatment bin 40 and the tail water utilization bin 50 are respectively provided with an aeration pipe 70, the aeration pipes 70 are connected with an aeration pump 60 outside the reactor, and the aeration pump 60 is electrically connected with a solar power supply system; the bottoms of the aeration pipes in the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40 are provided with aeration holes or aeration heads; a return pipe 81 is arranged in the tail water utilization bin, and the return pipe 81 is communicated with the liquid in the tail water utilization bin 50 and the pretreatment bin 30; the end of the return pipe 81 in the tail water utilization bin 50 is connected with a tee joint 82, and the return pipe 81, the aeration pipe 70 in the tail water utilization bin and the liquid in the tail water utilization bin 50 are communicated through the tee joint 82, so that return power is generated through aeration, and sewage in the tail water utilization bin 50 flows into the pretreatment bin 30 from the bottom end of the return pipe 81. The tee joint 82 is respectively led to the pretreatment bin 30, the aeration pipe 70 and the tail water utilization bin 50 at the other end of the return pipe 81, and after the aeration pipe of the tail water utilization bin is ventilated, the return pipe can generate negative pressure to form a gas stripping effect, so that the tail water in the tail water utilization bin flows back into the pretreatment bin from the orifice of the return pipe, other lifting pump equipment is not needed for the backflow, and energy consumption is not generated.
Specifically, aeration holes or mounting aeration heads are arranged at the bottoms of the aeration pipes 70 of the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40, so that the aim of aerating the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40 is fulfilled, and an anoxic or aerobic environment is realized; valves are arranged on the aeration pipes at the inlets of the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40, so that the air inflow can be flexibly adjusted; the back flow pipe 81 is arranged in the tail water utilization bin 50, the back flow pipe 81 is communicated with the liquid in the tail water utilization bin 50 and the pretreatment bin 30, and the back flow of the liquid in the tail water utilization bin 50 to the pretreatment bin 30 can be realized, so that the purpose of strengthening treatment is achieved, and the effluent is ensured to reach the standard. For the reflux power, a tee joint 82 is arranged at the tail end of the reflux pipe 81 in the tail water utilization bin 50, and the reflux pipe 81, the aeration pipe 70 and liquid (tail water) in the tail water utilization bin are communicated through the tee joint 82; more specifically, two ends of the tee are respectively connected with a return pipe and an aeration pipe, and the other ends are communicated with the liquid in the tail water utilization bin, and can be directly communicated or a gas stripping reflux device such as a water inlet pipe fitting joint can be arranged so that the liquid in the tail water utilization bin smoothly flows into the tee. Through above-mentioned scheme, the power that the aeration pipe produced can make the tail water utilize the liquid in the storehouse to promote the backward flow to in the pretreatment storehouse, adopts this kind of backward flow mode to compare in traditional water pump backward flow, can greatly reduce the operation energy consumption, and gas reflux unit simple structure is convenient for operation maintenance moreover.
In more specific embodiments, the aeration pipe 70 includes a main pipe and branch pipes, one end of the main pipe is connected to the aeration pump 60, the other end of the main pipe is connected to three branch pipes, the branch pipes are vertical aeration pipes, and are respectively located in the pretreatment bin 30, the strengthening treatment bin 40 and the tail water utilization bin 50, and valves capable of adjusting flow are respectively arranged on the branch pipes, and can be respectively controlled by a control unit of the aeration system. The aeration pipe 60 in the tail water utilization bin is communicated with the return pipe 81, and the solar power supply unit is a power source of the whole system and has an electricity storage function and supplies power for the aeration system; the aeration pump supplies air to the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40 to realize an aeration function, and supplies air to the tail water utilization bin 50 to realize a stripping function.
The bio-enhancement reactor has the advantages of low electricity consumption and low operation cost; the power of the reactor is derived from solar energy, the only electric equipment of the biological enhancement type reactor is an aeration pump, the aeration pump is used for aeration of a pretreatment bin and an enhancement treatment bin of the biological enhancement type reactor, and the aeration quantity entering the pretreatment bin and the enhancement treatment bin can be accurately controlled through valve adjustment arranged on an aeration branch pipe, so that anoxic or anaerobic environment of the pretreatment bin and aerobic environment of the enhancement treatment bin can be realized, and a filler component is added in an anoxic/anaerobic unit and an aerobic unit (namely the pretreatment bin and the enhancement treatment bin), so that microorganisms can adhere and grow, a mud film composite and multi-habitat treatment environment is created, and the treatment effect of the reactor is enhanced. When the invention is implemented, the solar power supply system and the aeration pump can directly adopt finished product devices in the market. The enhanced reactor has wider application range, can meet the water outlet requirements under various conditions, for example, can enhance the anaerobic reaction mode under the condition of insufficient solar power supply by adding the filler component, so that the water quality of the water outlet meets the recycling requirements, and can meet the standard-reaching requirements of stable water outlet under the condition of sufficient solar power supply. In addition, the bio-enhancement reactor can be used for single-family or adjacent multi-family black water harmless treatment and resource utilization. The black water recycling and taking requirements and harmless treatment requirements can be respectively met through control on operation methods such as aeration and the like. The recycling is to reserve nitrogen and phosphorus components in the black water as nutrient substances required by the growth of crops, so as to meet the irrigation demands of farmers such as crops, vegetable fields and the like. The nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate of the reactor can be regulated by controlling the reflux quantity between the tail water utilization bin and the pretreatment bin. For example, when the tail water is to be taken, the back flow of the tail water in the back flow pipe is reduced or cut off by reducing or cutting off the aeration amount of the aeration pipe in the tail water utilization bin, or the aeration amount of the pretreatment bin and the strengthening treatment bin is increased, so that the removal of COD in the black water is ensured, and meanwhile, nitrogen and phosphorus are reserved to the greatest extent, so that the tail water can be taken conveniently.
The biological enhancement type reactor of the invention builds a mud film composite and multi-habitat treatment environment through the construction of anaerobic/anoxic and aerobic environments and the switching of modes; in addition, impact load caused by fluctuation of water quality and water quantity of incoming water can be effectively applied by a reflux quantity control mode of the tail water, and stable standard-reaching emission or resource utilization of the tail water is achieved.
For the connection relation and the association components of each functional bin in the reactor, specifically, each functional bin is separated by a partition plate, the top end of each partition plate is provided with a vent hole, and the vent hole is positioned above the effective water level in each functional bin. In the solid-liquid separation bin 10, the deep sedimentation bin 20, the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40, two adjacent functional bins are respectively communicated through a first water passing pipe 17, a second water passing pipe 24 and a third water passing pipe 36, and the strengthening treatment bin 40 and the tail water utilization bin 50 are communicated through water passing holes 44; the water inlet pipe 11, the first water passing pipe 17 and the second water passing pipe 24 are sequentially reduced in height, the third water passing pipe 36 is higher than the first water passing pipe 17, and the water passing holes 44 are lower than the second water passing pipe 24.
Specifically, as can be seen in FIG. 2, the first water conduit 17 is located at the upper middle section of the first partition 18, the second water conduit 24 is located at the lower middle section of the second partition 25, the third water conduit 36 is located at the upper middle section of the third partition 37, the water passing holes 44 are located at the lower middle section of the fourth partition 47, and the water outlet pipe 58 is located at the upper section of the chamber. The whole reactor forms a baffling flow state in the whole reactor through the arrangement of the water inlet pipe 11, the first water passing pipe 17, the second water passing pipe 24, the third water passing pipe 36, the water passing hole 44 and the water outlet pipe 58, so that the contact time between the biological film and sewage of the reactor is further increased, and the black water treatment effect is enhanced.
For the sediment treatment structure in the reactor, the bottom of each functional bin is respectively provided with a mud storage hopper; the section of the mud storage hopper is in a slope shape, and pits are formed at the bottom of each functional bin; the bottom surfaces of the mud storage hoppers of the solid-liquid separation bin 10 and the deep sedimentation bin 20 are provided with horizontal perforation slag suction pipes, and the vertical solid wall slag suction pipes are inserted into the horizontal perforation slag suction pipes; the bottom surfaces of the sludge storage hoppers of the pretreatment bin 30, the strengthening treatment bin 40 and the tail water utilization bin 50 are provided with horizontal perforation sludge suction pipes, and the vertical solid wall sludge suction pipes are inserted into the horizontal perforation sludge suction pipes. In some schemes, a quick socket joint is arranged on the vertical solid wall suction pipe, so that the vertical solid wall suction pipe is connected with a suction truck, and the suction function is realized. As shown in fig. 7, the pipe body of the horizontal perforation slag suction pipe is uniformly perforated; in some embodiments the pore size is 25 to 50mm; in some embodiments, 8 openings are provided around the pipe body, with an included angle of 45 ° between adjacent openings.
For the internal concrete structure of each functional bin, a filter device 12 positioned right below the water inlet pipe 11 is arranged in the solid-liquid separation bin 10; the top of the solid-liquid separation bin 10 is provided with a vent pipe 111 which is communicated with the outside of the reactor; biological fillers are arranged in the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40; the upper part of the tail water utilization bin 50 is provided with an inclined plate 55; the front end of the water outlet pipe 58 is provided with an overflow weir 56, the overflow weir 56 is positioned above the inclined plate 55, and the top standard of the overflow weir 56 is lower than the water inlet pipe 11.
In some aspects, the effective total volume ratio of the solid-liquid separation bin 10, the deep sedimentation bin 20, the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40 is 2:1:1:2; and/or the ratio of the sum of the effective total volumes of the solid-liquid separation bin 10, the deep sedimentation bin 20, the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40 to the effective total volume of the tail water utilization bin 50 is 4:1.
Based on the structural arrangement of the reactor device, the operation process of the bio-enhancement reactor comprises the following steps: black water to be treated is introduced into a solid-liquid separation bin through a water inlet pipe, paper scraps, plastic bags, other garbage and the like in the incoming water are trapped in a filtering device, sewage and other sediments enter the solid-liquid separation bin to be effectively subjected to solid-liquid separation, the solid wastes are deposited into a first sludge storage hopper at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation bin, the solid wastes are linked with a sewage suction truck through a quick socket joint arranged at the top end, and the sediments can be sucked through a first horizontal perforated slag suction pipe, so that the solid-liquid separation of the incoming water and the cleaning of the sediments are realized; the supernatant fluid flows into a deep sedimentation bin, eggs and manure skin in the inflow water in the deep sedimentation bin are further separated, the supernatant fluid entering a subsequent treatment unit is further pretreated, and the suction of the solid and the manure skin immersed in the second sludge storage hopper is realized through the connection of a quick socket joint arranged at the top end and a soil suction truck; the supernatant fluid after deep precipitation flows into a pretreatment bin, a biological filler module is filled in the pretreatment bin, a biological film is attached to the module, microorganisms degrade organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage, and anaerobic and anoxic environments of the pretreatment bin can be realized through opening and closing of an aeration pipe valve and opening amplitude in the pretreatment bin, so that a multi-habitat treatment environment is created in the whole pretreatment bin, and different pretreatment depth requirements are met; the effluent of the pretreatment bin is introduced into the strengthening treatment bin, a suspended biological filler module and an aeration device are arranged in the strengthening treatment bin, an aerobic environment is formed after aeration, microorganisms in suspended biological membrane fillers carry out advanced treatment on pollutants in sewage, then SS in the effluent is further removed by an inclined plate in the tail water treatment bin, the requirement of the effluent SS is guaranteed, a gas stripping reflux device is arranged in the tail water treatment bin, the tail water reflux requirement in the tail water treatment bin is met, under the working condition of standard discharge, the residual ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD and the like in the tail water are subjected to advanced treatment by increasing reflux quantity, and the biological enhancement type reactor removes the pollutants such as COD, nitrogen phosphorus, SS and the like in the water through an anaerobic/anoxic-aerobic action mechanism, so that the black water can be purified, and the aim of standard discharge (harmless treatment) or taking (recycling) is fulfilled.
The more specific structure of each functional cartridge is described in more detail below in connection with fig. 1-8.
(1) Solid-liquid separation bin
A water inlet pipe 11 is arranged on the shell of the side wall of the solid-liquid separation bin 10, and the diameter of the water inlet pipe 11 is 200-300 mm; a filter device 12 is arranged right below the water inlet pipe 11, the water inlet pipe 11 and the filter device 12 have a certain height difference, steel wire grid materials are adopted around the filter device 12, the grid aperture is 6-10 mm, a blade is arranged below the filter device 12, a certain cutting function is realized, the cutting of large-particle solids in the water inlet pipe 11 is realized, and the kinetic energy of water coming from the water inlet pipe 11 serves as a cutting power source; a first support bar 13 is provided at the lower end of the filter device 12 for fixing the filter device 12.
A first mud storage hopper 16 is arranged at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation bin 10 and is used for depositing solids in the solid-liquid separation bin 10; a first horizontal perforation slag suction pipe 15 is arranged in the first mud storage hopper 16. As shown in fig. 7, the periphery of the first horizontal perforation slag suction pipe 15 is uniformly provided with holes, and the diameters of the holes are 25-50 mm; the first vertical solid wall slag suction pipe 14 is connected with the first horizontal perforated slag suction pipe 15, and a quick socket joint is arranged at the top end of the first vertical solid wall slag suction pipe 14, so that the sediment in the solid-liquid separation bin 10 can be conveniently sucked and removed by later operation and maintenance.
The top of the solid-liquid separation bin 10 is provided with a first slag removing port 110 for overhauling the solid-liquid separation bin 10, cleaning sediments and the like, and a first vertical solid-wall slag suction pipe 14 is arranged at any edge of the first slag removing port 110, so that the suction requirement is met to the greatest extent and the influence on slag removal and overhauling of the first slag removing port 110 is reduced; the top of the solid-liquid separation bin 10 is also provided with a vent pipe 111 for discharging gas generated by anaerobic fermentation in the solid-liquid separation bin 10. In some embodiments, the breather pipe 111 is 300mm higher than the top casing of the solid-liquid separation bin 10.
The solid-liquid separation bin 10 and the deep sedimentation bin 20 are separated by a first partition plate 18 to form two independent bins, the peripheries of the first partition plate 18 and the bins are sealed tightly, water leakage and the like are avoided, and a first water pipe 17 and a first vent hole 19 are arranged on the first partition plate 18; the first vent hole 19 is positioned at the upper end of the first partition plate 18 and above the effective water level of the bin, the first water passing pipe 17 is positioned at the middle upper section of the first partition plate 18, so that the communication between the solid-liquid separation bin 10 and the deep sedimentation bin 20 is realized, the middle upper section of the first partition plate 18 can meet the requirement of sediment at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation bin 10, and the influence of the sediment on the overflow of the first water passing pipe 17 is prevented; the first water passing pipe 17 is provided with a downward elbow at one side of the solid-liquid separation bin 10, which can prevent sediment from entering the deep sediment bin 20.
(2) Deep sedimentation bin
The bottom of the deep sedimentation bin 20 is provided with a second mud storage hopper 23 for deep sedimentation of the solid in the deep sedimentation bin 20 and separation of the feces skin, so that the feces skin floats on the upper layer, and the deep treatment of the rear section is facilitated; the second sludge storage bucket 23 is internally provided with a second horizontal perforation slag suction pipe 22, and the periphery of the second horizontal perforation slag suction pipe 22 is uniformly provided with holes with the diameter of 25-50 mm. The second vertical solid wall slag suction pipe 21 is connected with the second horizontal perforated slag suction pipe 22, and a quick socket joint is arranged at the top end of the second vertical solid wall slag suction pipe 21, so that the sediment in the deep sedimentation bin 20 can be conveniently sucked and removed by later operation and maintenance.
The top of the deep sedimentation bin 20 is provided with a second slag removing port 27 for overhauling the deep sedimentation bin 20, cleaning sediments and the like, and the second vertical solid wall slag suction pipe 21 is arranged at any edge of the second slag removing port 27, so that the suction requirement is met to the greatest extent and the influence on the second slag removing port 27 is reduced.
The deep sedimentation bin 20 and the pretreatment bin 30 are separated by a second partition plate 25, so that two independent bins are formed, sealing is guaranteed between the second partition plate 25 and the periphery of the bins, water leakage and the like are avoided, a second water passing pipe 24 and a second air passing hole 26 are formed in the second partition plate 25, the second air passing hole 26 is formed in the upper end of the second partition plate 25 and is located above the effective water level of the bins, the second water passing pipe 24 is located in the middle lower section of the second partition plate 25, communication between the deep sedimentation bin 20 and the pretreatment bin 30 is achieved, the middle lower section of the second partition plate 25 can meet the separation requirement of sediment and upper-layer feces and skin at the bottom of the deep sedimentation bin 20, and the influence of the sediment and the feces and skin on the overflow of the second water passing pipe 24 is prevented; the second water passing pipe 24 is provided with a downward elbow at one side of the deep sedimentation bin 20, which can prevent sediment and manure skin from entering the pretreatment bin 30.
(3) Pretreatment bin
A third sludge storage hopper 31 is arranged at the bottom of the pretreatment bin 30 and is used for pretreating residual sludge in the bin 30; the third sludge storage hopper 31 is internally provided with a first horizontal perforation sludge suction pipe 34, the periphery of the first horizontal perforation sludge suction pipe 34 is uniformly provided with holes, and the diameters of the holes are 25-50 mm; the first vertical solid wall suction pipe 33 is connected with the first horizontal perforated suction pipe 34, and a quick socket joint is arranged at the top end of the first vertical solid wall suction pipe 33, so that the residual sludge in the pretreatment bin 30 can be conveniently pumped and removed by later operation and maintenance.
An inspection port 39 is formed in the top of the pretreatment bin 30 and is used for overhauling the pretreatment bin 30, cleaning residual sludge and the like, and the first vertical solid-wall sludge suction pipe 33 is arranged at any edge of the inspection port 39, so that the suction requirement is met to the greatest extent and the influence on the inspection port 39 is reduced.
An aeration pipe 70 is arranged in the pretreatment bin 30 and comprises a vertical aeration pipe and a horizontal aeration pipe, and is used for periodically aerating the pretreatment bin 30 to form an anoxic environment in the pretreatment bin 30 so as to pretreat black water.
A cylindrical bio-filler module 35 is provided in the pretreatment bin 30. As shown in fig. 4, the cylindrical bio-filler module 35 is internally filled with spherical polyurethane, and the outer frame of the cylindrical bio-filler module 35 is made of steel wire mesh; the bottom of the columnar bio-filler module 35 is provided with a second supporting rod 32 for supporting and fixing the columnar bio-filler module 35. Wherein the diameter of the columnar bio-filler module 35 module is smaller than that of the inspection opening 39, so that the columnar bio-filler module 35 module can be conveniently filled and taken out during installation and operation and maintenance.
The pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40 are separated by a third partition plate 37 to form two independent bins, the peripheries of the third partition plate 37 and the bins are sealed tightly, water leakage and the like are avoided, a third water passing pipe 36 and a third air vent 38 are arranged on the third partition plate 37, the third air vent 38 is located at the upper end of the third partition plate 37 and above the effective water level of the bins, the third water passing pipe 36 is located at the upper section of the third partition plate 37, communication between the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40 is achieved, and a downward elbow is arranged on one side of the third water passing pipe 36 located in the pretreatment bin 30.
(4) Reinforced treatment bin
A fourth sludge storage hopper 41 is arranged at the bottom of the strengthening treatment bin 40 and is used for collecting the residual sludge in the strengthening treatment bin 40. The fourth sludge storage hopper 41 is internally provided with a second horizontal perforation sludge suction pipe 43, and the periphery of the second horizontal perforation sludge suction pipe 43 is uniformly provided with holes with the diameter of 25-50 mm. The second vertical solid wall suction pipe 42 is connected with the second horizontal perforated suction pipe 43, and a quick socket joint is arranged at the top end of the second vertical solid wall suction pipe 42, so that the residual sludge in the reinforced treatment bin 40 can be conveniently pumped and removed by later operation and maintenance.
The top of the strengthening treatment bin 40 is provided with equipment holes 49 for overhauling the strengthening treatment bin 40, cleaning residual sludge, filling fillers and the like, and the second vertical solid-wall sludge suction pipe 42 is arranged at any edge of the equipment holes 49, so that the suction requirement is met to the greatest extent and the influence on the equipment holes 49 is reduced.
The strengthening treatment bin 40 is provided with an aeration pipe 70 which comprises a vertical aeration pipe and a horizontal aeration pipe and is used for aerating the strengthening treatment bin 40 to form an aerobic environment in the strengthening treatment bin 40 so as to achieve the purpose of deep treatment of black water.
A suspended biological packing module 45 is provided in the reinforcement treatment chamber 40. The suspended biological filler module 45 adopts MBBR suspended filler, wherein an outer frame 46 of the suspended biological filler module 45 adopts a movable bracket to be fixedly suspended in the strengthening treatment bin 40, the filling ratio of the MBBR suspended filler in the strengthening treatment bin is 30% -40%, and the suspended biological filler module 45 is filled through the equipment hole 49. As shown in fig. 5, the outer frame 46 is an integral movable support, and on a rectangular frame structure, angles between adjacent sides can be changed movably to form parallelograms with different angles.
The strengthening treatment bin 40 and the tail water utilization bin 50 are separated by a fourth partition plate 47 to form two independent bins, the periphery of the fourth partition plate 47 and the bins should be sealed tightly, water leakage and other phenomena do not occur, the fourth partition plate 47 is provided with a water passing hole 44 and a fourth air passing hole 48, the fourth air passing hole 48 is positioned at the upper end of the fourth partition plate 47 and above the effective water level of the bins, and the water passing hole 44 is positioned at the middle lower section of the fourth partition plate 47, so that the strengthening treatment bin 40 and the tail water utilization bin 50 are communicated.
(5) Tail water utilization bin
A fifth mud storage hopper 51 is arranged at the bottom of the tail water utilization bin 50 and is used for deep sedimentation in the tail water utilization bin so as to ensure that the yielding water SS meets the requirements. A third horizontal perforation suction pipe 53 is arranged in the fifth sludge storage hopper 51, holes are uniformly formed in the periphery of the third horizontal perforation suction pipe 53, and the diameters of the holes are 25-50 mm; the third horizontal perforation suction pipe 53 is connected with the third vertical solid wall suction pipe 52, and a quick socket joint is arranged at the top end of the third vertical solid wall suction pipe 52, so that the sediment in the tail water utilization bin 50 can be conveniently sucked and removed by later operation and maintenance.
The aeration pipe 70 and the return pipe 81 are arranged in the tail water utilization bin 50, wherein the aeration pipe 70 is connected with the bottom end of the return pipe 81 and is used for lifting tail water in the tail water utilization bin 50 to flow back to the pretreatment bin 30, the effects of deep denitrification and organic matter removal can be achieved, the water outlet requirement in the period of meeting the standard discharge requirement is met, in addition, the tail water is lifted by taking the aeration pipe 70 as a power source, the configuration of lifting equipment is reduced, and the effects of reducing the running energy consumption and the investment cost of the reactor are achieved.
The inclined plate 55 is arranged at the upper part of the tail water utilization bin 50, so that the tail water is further precipitated, and the SS is ensured to meet the requirements of recycling and water quality of the discharged water. As shown in fig. 6, the swash plates 55 are all movably installed, and the inclination angle of the swash plates may be set to 60 °. Is fixed in the tail water utilization bin 50 below the inclined plate sedimentation zone through a horizontal supporting rod 54,
An overflow weir 56 is provided at the front end of the outlet pipe 58, the top elevation of the overflow weir 56 being lower than that of the inlet pipe, in some cases 5cm lower. Thereby ensuring that a certain amount of tail water can be stored in the tail water utilization bin 50, and meeting the requirement of recycling the tail water. Fig. 8 shows the positional relationship of weir 56 and outlet pipe 58. When the water level rises, tail water may turn over weir 56 and drain through outlet pipe 58. The elevation of the water outlet pipe is 100mm or more lower than that of the water inlet pipe.
The top of the tail water utilization bin 50 is provided with a recycling port 57 for overhauling the tail water utilization bin 50, cleaning sediment, installing inclined plate sediment, recycling tail water, and the like. The third vertical solid wall suction pipe 52 is disposed at any edge of the recycling port 57, so as to meet the suction requirement to the maximum extent and reduce the influence on the recycling port 57.
According to the growth requirements of crops around the biological enhancement type reactor, during the recycling of tail water, the running state of the biological enhancement type reactor is timely adjusted, the aeration pipe 70 in the tail water utilization bin 50 is closed, so that the backflow of the tail water by the backflow pipe 81 is cut off, or the aeration amount of the aeration pipe 70 is adjusted, the aeration amount is reduced, and the backflow amount of the tail water is reduced; the aeration amount of the pretreatment bin 30 and the strengthening treatment bin 40 is increased by adjusting the aeration pipe 70 in the tail water utilization bin 50; thereby ensuring the removal of COD of the incoming water, reserving nitrogen sources and phosphorus sources in the incoming water to the greatest extent, and ensuring the recycling utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus.
The invention has been described in detail in connection with the specific embodiments and exemplary examples thereof, but such description is not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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