CN118579664A - Large diameter shield machine hoisting and lowering assembly construction method and auxiliary hoisting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of shield construction in underground engineering, and discloses a method for assembling a large-diameter shield machine by hoisting it down a well and an auxiliary hoisting device. It aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the assembly is time-consuming, inefficient, and time-costly; and rework may occur. Before the shield machine is hoisted, the present invention prepares hoisting equipment and lays a roadbed in the walking area of the hoisting equipment to bear the deadweight and hoisting weight of the hoisting equipment. The hoisting equipment includes a 400t and/or 300t crawler crane. The present invention ensures that each split component is accurately hoisted, positioned, and firmly connected, reduces construction risks, and reduces unnecessary rework; by optimizing the hoisting down a well and assembly processes and steps, the difficulty of assembly can be reduced, and the efficiency and accuracy of assembly can be improved, thereby reducing construction time and improving overall construction efficiency.

Description

Large diameter shield machine hoisting and lowering assembly construction method and auxiliary hoisting device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering shield construction, and in particular to a method for assembling a large-diameter shield machine by hoisting it down a shaft and an auxiliary hoisting device.

Background Art

The construction method of hoisting and lowering a large-diameter shield machine into the shaft plays an important role in the current urban rail transit construction, but it also faces many challenges and problems. The shield machine has the characteristics of high automation, labor saving, and fast construction speed in tunnel construction. It is particularly suitable for tunnels with long tunnel lines and deep burials. In the process of hoisting and lowering into the shaft, it is necessary to consider problems such as small site, difficult assembly, complex underground pipelines, and shallow cover. Problems such as small site and difficult assembly make the hoisting and lowering of large-diameter shield machines a technical problem.

In the published literature, a patent entitled "Shield machine crane assembly method" with Chinese patent application number 202310177024.3 discloses a crane assembly method, which mainly includes the following steps: (1) opening a working shaft; (2) laying a winch and a sliding track; (3) lowering the bottom component of the reaction frame and the starting platform; (4) hoisting a temporary guide platform; (5) hoisting the segment conveying trolley; (6)-(17) lowering the shield body and the rear supporting equipment to the main wellhead and the auxiliary wellhead respectively; (18) moving the shield body forward; (19) installing the intermediate box culvert and the side rail; (20) installing the top of the reaction frame; (21) installing the negative ring segment, and debugging the shield machine. The shield machine crane assembly method disclosed in the present invention has the advantages of high hoisting efficiency and short hoisting period.

However, in the long-term front-line work, the applicant believes that the current technology still has the following shortcomings, specifically: 1. Assembly is time-consuming, inefficient, and has high time costs; 2. Rework occasionally occurs.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a large-diameter shield machine hoisting and lowering shaft assembly construction method and an auxiliary lifting device, which solves the technical problems of time-consuming assembly, low efficiency, high time cost and rework in the prior art.

The present invention studies the construction method of hoisting and lowering a large-diameter shield machine into a well, and forms a complete set of mature and orderly detailed processes, which is conducive to solving actual assembly problems on site, ensuring the accurate hoisting and positioning and firm connection of each split component, reducing construction risks, and reducing unnecessary rework; by optimizing the hoisting and lowering and assembly processes and steps, the difficulty of assembly can be reduced, and the efficiency and accuracy of assembly can be improved, thereby reducing construction time and improving overall construction efficiency.

The present invention is applicable to the construction process and steps of hoisting and lowering a large-diameter shield machine equipment into a well for shield tunnel construction. Combining the construction characteristics, technical requirements and actual conditions of hoisting and lowering a large-diameter shield machine into a well, a detailed hoisting and assembly method is proposed. The operation is carried out strictly in accordance with the construction method and process, which can ensure the installation quality of the shield machine and the construction quality of the tunnel.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for assembling a large-diameter shield machine by hoisting it down a shaft and an auxiliary hoisting device are provided. Before the shield machine is hoisted, hoisting equipment is prepared, and a roadbed is laid in the walking area of the hoisting equipment to bear the deadweight of the hoisting equipment and the hoisting weight. The hoisting equipment includes a 400t and/or 300t crawler crane, and is characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

1. Build an underground platform and lower a forklift into the shaft: Build an operating platform behind the shaft for walking and transportation, and use a crawler crane to place a forklift on the operating platform to transport the bottom plate parts;

2 Lowering of the ship bottom plate and the film feeder into the well: a. Lowering of the ship bottom plate into the well: Divide the ship bottom plate into several sections, and use the main hook of the crawler crane to lower each section of the ship bottom plate into the tunnel in turn, and use a forklift to lay each section of the ship bottom plate in a straight line; b. Lifting and lowering the film feeder into the well: First, disassemble the film feeder into several pieces, and then use the crawler crane to lower the film feeder into the well in sections in order, and then assemble the film feeder on the ship bottom plate;

3. Build the wheel platform and track: Build the No. 1 trolley wheel platform in the shaft, and build the No. 1 trolley wheel track on the No. 1 trolley wheel platform, the height of the No. 1 trolley wheel track being the same as the height of the ship bottom plate;

4 Lowering the wheels of the No. 1 trolley into the well: Use a crawler crane to lift multiple wheels of the No. 1 trolley onto the wheel platform of the No. 1 trolley and install and fix them;

5. The No. 1 trolley is lowered into the well in sections: the No. 1 trolley is divided into six parts: the lower front section, the lower rear section, the middle front section, the middle rear section, the upper front section, and the upper rear section; each part is lifted into the well by the main hook and the auxiliary hook of the crawler crane, and the No. 1 trolley is assembled in the well.

6 Connecting platform lowered into the well: The connecting platform is hoisted into the well by a crawler crane, connected to the No. 1 trolley after lowering into the well, and the fixing pin is installed. A hand chain hoist is used to fix the connecting platform between the top of the No. 1 trolley and the connecting platform;

7 The first part: hoisting and lowering the shield machine into the well: the shield machine is divided into 8 blocks; shield block 5, shield block 6, and shield block 4 are hoisted and lowered into the well in sequence;

8 Driving unit lowered into the well: The crawler crane main hook is hung on the main lifting lug of the driving unit turning frame with a wire rope, the main and auxiliary hooks are lifted at the same time, and the driving unit is lowered into the well as a whole and installed on the front shield;

The steel wire ropes include at least two, and the size of the steel wire ropes is φ90mmX10m

9 Lowering the longitudinal beam into the well: The crawler crane main hook and auxiliary hook cooperate to perform the hook-lifting and luffing action until the longitudinal beam is upright, turn the longitudinal beam over 90 degrees, adjust the distance between the longitudinal beam and the ground to 0.2-0.5m, and then remove the wire rope and shackle on the turning lifting ear;

10 The second part is to hoist the shield machine down into the well: hoist the shield block 3, shield block 7, shield block 2, shield block 8, and shield block 1 into the well in sequence;

11 Cutterhead lowering: Before the cutterhead is lowered into the well, the cutterhead is assembled and welded on the ground. After completion, the main hook of the 400t main crawler crane is hung on the main lifting eye and the turning lifting eye of the cutterhead, and the main hook of the 300t crawler crane is hung on the auxiliary lifting eye of the cutterhead. The two cranes lift the cutterhead synchronously. When the main lifting eye is lifted 2m from the ground, the auxiliary lifting eye is lowered. After the cutterhead is turned over 90° as a whole, the distance between the cutterhead and the ground is adjusted to 0.2-0.5m, and then the wire rope and shackle on the auxiliary lifting eye are removed;

12 Installation of the front shield cutout ring downhole: After the cutterhead is installed, install the cutout ring on the shield block 1, lift the main and auxiliary hooks at the same time, and lower the cutout ring of the shield block 1 into the well; the cutout ring and the shield block 1 are positioned and connected through the saddle seat, and the saddle pin is installed, and the cutout ring and the shield block 1 are welded and connected;

13 Lowering of the back shield block: The main crawler crane main and auxiliary hooks simultaneously lift the front lower back shield block 4;

14 Assembler and joist lowered into the well: the main hook of the crawler crane continues to lift slowly, and the auxiliary hook cooperates with the hook lifting and luffing until the entire assembler stands up; after the assembler turns over 90°, adjust its distance from the ground, generally keeping it at 0.2-0.5m, and then remove the wire rope and shackle on the turning lifting ear;

The joist is supported by the frame in advance to ensure the stability of the frame. The assembly machine is installed on the joist until it moves to the maximum position on the left end of the joist; then the assembly machine and the joist are fixed with a process pallet and welded;

15 Lowering the left and right blocks of the rear shield: The main hook of the main crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug on the outside of the left block 2 of the rear shield, and the auxiliary hook is hung on the turning lifting lug on the inside of the left block 2 of the rear shield. The main and auxiliary hooks are lifted at the same time;

16 Lowering the upper block 1 of the rear shield into the well: the main hook of the main crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the upper block of the rear shield, and the auxiliary hook is hung on the main lifting lug outside the upper block of the rear shield using a pair of φ52mmX10m wire ropes. After checking that everything is correct, the main and auxiliary hooks are lifted into the well at the same time.

The step (5) of assembling the No. 1 trolley in the well comprises the following steps:

a. The lower front section is hoisted down the well and installed on the wheel track of the No. 1 trolley. Then the wheels of the No. 1 trolley are protected from slipping to prevent the trolley from sliding;

b. The lower rear section is hoisted down into the well and connected with the lower front section, and the connection is fixed with bolts;

c. The middle front section is lowered into the well and installed on the lower front section structure. The middle front section and the lower front section are connected and fixed at the joint by positioning pins and bolts;

d. The middle rear section is hoisted down into the well and connected with the middle front section and the lower rear section. Bolts are used to fix the connection at the connection points;

e. The upper front section is hoisted down the well and installed on the middle front section structure. The upper front section and the middle front section are connected and fixed by positioning pins and bolts;

f. The upper rear section is hoisted into the well and connected with the upper front section and the middle rear section. The connection is fixed with bolts.

The first part of the shield machine hoisting down the well in step 7 also includes the following steps:

7.1 Lowering shield block 5 into the well: Use the main and auxiliary hooks of a 400t crawler crane to lift it simultaneously. When it is 2m above the ground, the main hook is lifted and the auxiliary hook is lowered. The shield block 5 is turned over 90° and the distance between the shield block 5 and the ground is adjusted to 0.2-0.5m. Then remove the wire rope and shackle on the turning lifting ear. The positioning position of the shield block 5 is the front end of the cut ring of the shield block 5 corresponding to the tunnel door position.

7.2 Lowering shield block 6 and shield block 4 into the well: Hang the main hook of the crawler crane on the main lifting lug outside shield block 6, and hang the auxiliary hook on the main lifting lug outside shield block 4. Lift the main and auxiliary hooks at the same time to lower shield block 6 and block 4 into the well.

The second part of the shield machine hoisting down the well in step 10 also includes the following steps:

10.1 Shield block 3 and shield block 7 are lowered into the well: the main hook of the crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 3, and the auxiliary hook is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 3. They are lifted at the same time, and the starting base is set up at the bottom, and the starting base is supported by a tire frame and a jack to prevent the shield block from sliding sideways.

10.2 Lowering shield block 2 and shield block 8 into the well: The main and auxiliary hooks of the crawler crane are lifted simultaneously to lower shield block 2 and shield block 8 into the well;

10.3 Lowering shield block 1 into the well: The main hook of the crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 1, and the auxiliary hook of the crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 1. The main and auxiliary hooks are lifted at the same time to lower the shield block 1 into the well.

Ten roadbed plates are laid under the two crawlers of the crawler crane, and the direction of the plate is designed along the excavation direction.

A lifting device is provided at the bottom of the base plate to drive the base plate to lift up.

An auxiliary lifting device is used in the above-mentioned large-diameter shield machine lifting and lowering into the well for assembly construction, comprising a hook, a pulley is provided under the hook, the lifting steel cable passes through the pulley, the pulley comprises an inner wheel and an outer wheel, a Y-shaped gasket is installed between the inner wheel and the outer wheel, the gasket is hollow, an air pipe connects the inside and the outside, the other end of the air pipe is connected to the air source, and a valve is connected to the air pipe.

An auxiliary positioning ring is arranged beside the Y-shaped gasket.

The lifting device comprises a lifting mechanism and a magnetic attraction block, and an end of the lifting mechanism and the magnetic attraction block are electromagnetically attracted to each other.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention studies the construction method of hoisting and lowering a large-diameter shield machine into a well, and forms a complete set of mature and orderly detailed procedures, which is conducive to solving the actual assembly problems on site, ensuring the accurate hoisting and positioning of each split component and a firm connection, reducing construction risks, and reducing unnecessary rework; by optimizing the hoisting and lowering and assembly procedures and steps, the difficulty of assembly can be reduced, and the efficiency and accuracy of assembly can be improved, thereby reducing construction time and improving overall construction efficiency. The present invention combines the construction characteristics, technical requirements and actual on-site conditions of hoisting and lowering a large-diameter shield machine into a well, and proposes a set of detailed hoisting and assembly methods. Operations are carried out strictly in accordance with the construction methods and procedures, which can ensure the installation quality of the shield machine and the construction quality of the tunnel.

2. By splitting the shield machine into multiple blocks and adopting a step-by-step lifting method, the lifting efficiency and safety are significantly improved. It allows the lowering process of each component to be accurately controlled within the limited shaft space, reducing space occupancy and reducing the weight of a single lift, making the lifting operation easier to manage and control.

3. The precise connection of each component is ensured by means of positioning pins and bolts, which improves the accuracy and stability of assembly. The shield blocks are hoisted through turning over, precise alignment, and fixation, ensuring the accurate splicing of the main structure of the shield machine, laying a solid foundation for subsequent excavation operations.

4. The auxiliary lifting device adopts a unique Y-shaped gasket design, which, combined with air pressure control, can effectively buffer the impact force during the lifting process and protect the lifting equipment and shield machine components from damage. At the same time, the auxiliary positioning ring further improves the lifting accuracy.

5. The roadbed and lifting device laid under the crawler crane disperse the load and ensure the ground bearing capacity. Through the adjustable lifting function, it adapts to the needs of construction at different stages and ensures the safety and stability of the construction site.

6. By building an operating platform, lowering a forklift into the shaft, and installing the No. 1 trolley and its tracks, an efficient underground logistics and assembly structure was constructed, which greatly improved the efficiency of the transportation and assembly of various components of the shield machine inside the shaft and reduced the labor intensity and safety risks of manual handling.

7. Use 400t and/or 300t crawler cranes, combined with the coordinated operation of the main and auxiliary hooks, with strong lifting capacity and high operational flexibility to ensure the completion of the lifting and assembly process downhole.

8. The design of the base plate is convenient for adapting to the load under the design conditions.

9. The present application also designs a set of auxiliary lifting positioning devices, with the help of which further accurate positioning can be achieved.

10. The design of the Y-shaped washer facilitates the locking of the pulley, which can effectively prevent the shaking and instability of the lifting structure and effectively improve the lifting efficiency.

11. The lifting device can effectively adjust the height of the transport route, especially it can effectively adjust the center of gravity balance of the equipment on the route, and its high flexibility improves the transport efficiency.

12. Auxiliary positioning ring improves the stability of the equipment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a flow chart of the large diameter shield machine hoisting and lowering into the well assembly construction method;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pulley;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting device;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the downhole platform structure;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate structure;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wheel platform of the No. 1 trolley;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the wheel structure of the No. 1 trolley;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the lower part of the No. 1 trolley;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower rear section of the No. 1 trolley;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front section of the middle part of the No. 1 trolley;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle rear section of the No. 1 trolley;

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the upper front section structure of the No. 1 trolley;

FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the upper rear section structure of the No. 1 trolley;

FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the connection platform structure;

FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shield body block 5;

Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of shield body blocks 6 and 4;

FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drive assembly;

Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal beam structure;

Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of shield body blocks 3 and 7;

Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of shield body blocks 2 and 8;

Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shield body block 1;

Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the cutter disc structure;

Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the front shield cutout ring structure;

Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the backing lower sub-block 4;

Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram of the assembly machine and the joist structure;

Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of backing blocks 2 and 3;

Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the backing block 1;

The names of the components in the figure are: 1. Inner wheel; 2. Y-shaped gasket; 3. Air pipe; 4. Outer wheel; 5. Auxiliary positioning ring; 6. Road base plate; 7. Magnetic block; 8. Lifting mechanism; 9. Forklift; 10. Underground platform; 11. Bottom plate; 12. No. 1 trolley wheel platform; 13. No. 1 trolley wheel; 14. No. 1 trolley lower front section; 15. No. 1 trolley lower rear section; 16. No. 1 trolley middle front section; 17. No. 1 trolley middle rear section; 18. No. 1 trolley upper front section; 19. The upper rear section of the trolley; 20, connecting platform; 21, shield block 5; 22, shield block 6; 23, shield block 4; 24, drive assembly; 25, longitudinal beam; 26 shield block 3; 27, shield block 7; 28, shield block 2; 29, shield block 8; 30, shield block 1; 31, cutter head; 32 front shield cutting ring; 33, rear shield lower block 4; 34, assembler; 35, support beam; 36, rear shield block 2; 37, rear shield block 3; 38, rear shield block 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

Example 1

This example discloses a method for assembling a large-diameter shield machine by hoisting it down a shaft and an auxiliary hoisting device, see FIGS. 1 to 27 ,

Before hoisting the shield machine, prepare the hoisting equipment and lay the roadbed in the walking area of the hoisting equipment to bear the deadweight of the hoisting equipment and the hoisting weight. The hoisting equipment includes a 400t and/or 300t crawler crane, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1. Build an underground platform and lower a forklift into the shaft: Build an operating platform behind the shaft for walking and transportation, and use a crawler crane to place a forklift on the operating platform to transport the bottom plate parts;

2 Lowering of the ship bottom plate and the film feeder into the well: a. Lowering of the ship bottom plate into the well: Divide the ship bottom plate into several sections, and use the main hook of the crawler crane to lower each section of the ship bottom plate into the tunnel in turn, and use a forklift to lay each section of the ship bottom plate in a straight line; b. Lifting and lowering the film feeder into the well: First, disassemble the film feeder into several pieces, and then use the crawler crane to lower the film feeder into the well in sections in order, and then assemble the film feeder on the ship bottom plate;

3. Build the wheel platform and track: Build the No. 1 trolley wheel platform in the shaft, and build the No. 1 trolley wheel track on the No. 1 trolley wheel platform, the height of the No. 1 trolley wheel track being the same as the height of the ship bottom plate;

4 Lowering the wheels of the No. 1 trolley into the well: Use a crawler crane to lift multiple wheels of the No. 1 trolley onto the wheel platform of the No. 1 trolley and install and fix them;

5. The No. 1 trolley is lowered into the well in sections: the No. 1 trolley is divided into six parts: the lower front section, the lower rear section, the middle front section, the middle rear section, the upper front section, and the upper rear section; each part is lifted into the well by the main hook and the auxiliary hook of the crawler crane, and the No. 1 trolley is assembled in the well.

6 Connecting platform lowered into the well: The connecting platform is hoisted into the well by a crawler crane, connected to the No. 1 trolley after lowering into the well, and the fixing pin is installed. A hand chain hoist is used to fix the connecting platform between the top of the No. 1 trolley and the connecting platform;

7 The first part: hoisting and lowering the shield machine into the well: the shield machine is divided into 8 blocks; shield block 5, shield block 6, and shield block 4 are hoisted and lowered into the well in sequence;

8 Driving unit lowered into the well: The crawler crane main hook is hung on the main lifting lug of the driving unit turning frame with a wire rope, the main and auxiliary hooks are lifted at the same time, and the driving unit is lowered into the well as a whole and installed on the front shield;

The steel wire ropes include at least two, and the size of the steel wire ropes is φ90mmX10m

9 Lowering the longitudinal beam into the well: The crawler crane main hook and auxiliary hook cooperate to perform the hook-lifting and luffing action until the longitudinal beam is upright, turn the longitudinal beam over 90 degrees, adjust the distance between the longitudinal beam and the ground to 0.2-0.5m, and then remove the wire rope and shackle on the turning lifting ear;

10 The second part is hoisting the shield machine down the shaft: hoisting the shield block 3, shield block 7, shield block 2, shield block 8, and shield block 1 down the shaft in sequence;

11 Cutterhead lowering: Before the cutterhead is lowered into the well, the cutterhead is assembled and welded on the ground. After completion, the main hook of the 400t main crawler crane is hung on the main lifting eye and the turning lifting eye of the cutterhead, and the main hook of the 300t crawler crane is hung on the auxiliary lifting eye of the cutterhead. The two cranes lift the cutterhead synchronously. When the main lifting eye is lifted 2m from the ground, the auxiliary lifting eye is lowered. After the cutterhead is turned over 90° as a whole, the distance between the cutterhead and the ground is adjusted to 0.2-0.5m, and then the wire rope and shackle on the auxiliary lifting eye are removed;

12 Installation of the front shield cutout ring downhole: After the cutterhead is installed, install the cutout ring on the shield block 1, lift the main and auxiliary hooks at the same time, and lower the cutout ring of the shield block 1 into the well; the cutout ring and the shield block 1 are positioned and connected through the saddle seat, and the saddle pin is installed, and the cutout ring and the shield block 1 are welded and connected;

13 Lowering of the back shield block: The main crawler crane main and auxiliary hooks simultaneously lift the front lower back shield block 4;

14 Assembler and joist lowered into the well: the main hook of the crawler crane continues to lift slowly, and the auxiliary hook cooperates with the hook lifting and luffing until the entire assembler stands up; after the assembler turns over 90°, adjust its distance from the ground, generally keeping it at 0.2-0.5m, and then remove the wire rope and shackle on the turning lifting ear;

The joist is supported by the frame in advance to ensure the stability of the frame. The assembly machine is installed on the joist until it moves to the maximum position on the left end of the joist; then the assembly machine and the joist are fixed with a process pallet and welded;

15 Lowering the left and right blocks of the rear shield: The main hook of the main crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug on the outside of the left block 2 of the rear shield, and the auxiliary hook is hung on the turning lifting lug on the inside of the left block 2 of the rear shield. The main and auxiliary hooks are lifted at the same time;

16 Lowering the upper block 1 of the rear shield into the well: the main hook of the main crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the upper block of the rear shield, and the auxiliary hook is hung on the main lifting lug outside the upper block of the rear shield using a pair of φ52mmX10m wire ropes. After checking that everything is correct, the main and auxiliary hooks are lifted into the well at the same time.

The step (5) of assembling the No. 1 trolley in the well comprises the following steps:

a. The lower front section is hoisted down the well and installed on the wheel track of the No. 1 trolley. Then the wheels of the No. 1 trolley are protected from slipping to prevent the trolley from sliding;

b. The lower rear section is hoisted down into the well and connected with the lower front section, and the connection is fixed with bolts;

c. The middle front section is lowered into the well and installed on the lower front section structure. The middle front section and the lower front section are connected and fixed at the joint by positioning pins and bolts;

d. The middle rear section is hoisted down into the well and connected with the middle front section and the lower rear section. Bolts are used to fix the connection at the connection points;

e. The upper front section is hoisted down the well and installed on the middle front section structure. The upper front section and the middle front section are connected and fixed by positioning pins and bolts;

f. The upper rear section is hoisted into the well and connected with the upper front section and the middle rear section. The connection is fixed with bolts.

The first part of the shield machine hoisting down the well in step 7 also includes the following steps:

7.1 Lowering shield block 5 into the well: Use the main and auxiliary hooks of a 400t crawler crane to lift it simultaneously. When it is 2m above the ground, the main hook is lifted and the auxiliary hook is lowered. The shield block 5 is turned over 90° and the distance between the shield block 5 and the ground is adjusted to 0.2-0.5m. Then remove the wire rope and shackle on the turning lifting ear. The positioning position of the shield block 5 is the front end of the cut ring of the shield block 5 corresponding to the tunnel door position.

7.2 Lowering shield block 6 and shield block 4 into the well: Hang the main hook of the crawler crane on the main lifting lug outside shield block 6, and hang the auxiliary hook on the main lifting lug outside shield block 4. Lift the main and auxiliary hooks at the same time to lower shield block 6 and block 4 into the well.

The second part of the shield machine hoisting down the well in step 10 also includes the following steps:

10.1 Shield block 3 and shield block 7 are lowered into the well: the main hook of the crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 3, and the auxiliary hook is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 3. They are lifted at the same time, and the starting base is set up at the bottom, and the starting base is supported by a tire frame and a jack to prevent the shield block from sliding sideways.

10.2 Lowering shield block 2 and shield block 8 into the well: The main and auxiliary hooks of the crawler crane are lifted simultaneously to lower shield block 2 and shield block 8 into the well;

10.3 Lowering shield block 1 into the well: The main hook of the crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 1, and the auxiliary hook of the crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 1. The main and auxiliary hooks are lifted at the same time to lower the shield block 1 into the well.

Ten roadbed plates 6 are laid under the two crawlers of the crawler crane, and the direction of the roadbed plates 6 is designed along the excavation direction.

A lifting device is arranged at the bottom of the base plate to lift it.

An auxiliary lifting device is used for the above-mentioned large-diameter shield machine lifting and lowering into the well assembly construction method, comprising a hook, a pulley is arranged under the hook, the lifting steel cable passes through the pulley, the pulley comprises an inner wheel 1 and an outer wheel 4, a Y-shaped washer 2 is installed between the inner wheel 1 and the outer wheel 4, the Y-shaped washer 2 is hollow and connected to one end of an air pipe 3, the other end of the air pipe 3 is connected to an air source, and a valve is arranged on the air pipe 3.

An auxiliary positioning ring 5 is provided beside the Y-shaped gasket 2 .

The lifting device comprises a lifting mechanism 8 and a magnetic attraction block 7 , and electromagnetic attraction is generated between the end of the lifting mechanism 8 and the magnetic attraction block 7 .

During the operation of the auxiliary lifting device, first, a roadbed is laid under the two crawlers of the crawler crane along the excavation direction to provide stable support and ensure the stability of the crawler crane during operation. The vertical movement of the magnetic block 7 is controlled by the lifting mechanism 8, and the roadbed 6 has different lifting heights to meet the lifting requirements of different positions. The hook is connected to the steel cable through a pulley. The Y-shaped washer 2 installed between the pulleys serves as a structural support and is connected to the air source through a connecting air pipe 3. The valve on the air pipe 3 is used to control the air pressure to adjust the pressure inside the Y-shaped washer 2. The Y-shaped washer 2 plays a buffering role to reduce vibration and impact during the lifting process and ensure stability during the lifting process. The auxiliary positioning ring 5 is used to further accurately adjust the position of the Y-shaped washer 2.

Although some preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (9)

1. A method for assembling a large-diameter shield machine by hoisting it down a shaft. Before the shield machine is hoisted, hoisting equipment is prepared, and a roadbed is laid in the walking area of the hoisting equipment to bear the deadweight of the hoisting equipment and the hoisting weight. The hoisting equipment includes a 400t and/or 300t crawler crane, and is characterized in that it includes the following steps: 1. Build an underground platform and lower a forklift into the shaft: Build an operating platform behind the shaft for walking and transportation, and use a crawler crane to place a forklift on the operating platform to transport the bottom plate parts; 2 Lowering of the ship bottom plate and the film feeder into the well: a. Lowering of the ship bottom plate into the well: Divide the ship bottom plate into several sections, and use the main hook of the crawler crane to lower each section of the ship bottom plate into the tunnel in turn, and use a forklift to lay each section of the ship bottom plate in a straight line; b. Lifting and lowering the film feeder into the well: First, disassemble the film feeder into several pieces, and then use the crawler crane to lower the film feeder into the well in sections in order, and then assemble the film feeder on the ship bottom plate; 3. Build wheel platform and track: Build No. 1 trolley wheel platform in the shaft, and build No. 1 trolley wheel track on the No. 1 trolley wheel platform, the height of the No. 1 trolley wheel track being the same as the height of the ship bottom plate; 4 Lowering the wheels of the No. 1 trolley into the well: Use a crawler crane to lift multiple wheels of the No. 1 trolley onto the wheel platform of the No. 1 trolley and install and fix them; 5. The No. 1 trolley is lowered into the well in sections: the No. 1 trolley is divided into six parts: the lower front section, the lower rear section, the middle front section, the middle rear section, the upper front section, and the upper rear section; each part is lifted into the well by the main hook and the auxiliary hook of the crawler crane, and the No. 1 trolley is assembled in the well. 6 Connecting platform lowered into the well: The connecting platform is hoisted into the well by a crawler crane, connected to the No. 1 trolley after lowering into the well, and the fixing pin is installed. A hand chain hoist is used to fix the connecting platform between the top of the No. 1 trolley and the connecting platform; 7 The first part: hoisting and lowering the shield machine into the well: the shield machine is divided into 8 blocks; shield block 5, shield block 6, and shield block 4 are hoisted and lowered into the well in sequence; 8 Driving unit lowered into the well: The crawler crane main hook is hung on the main lifting lug of the driving unit turning frame with a wire rope, the main and auxiliary hooks are lifted at the same time, and the driving unit is lowered into the well as a whole and installed on the front shield; 9 Lowering the longitudinal beam into the well: The crawler crane main hook and auxiliary hook cooperate to perform the hook-lifting and luffing action until the longitudinal beam is upright, turn the longitudinal beam over 90 degrees, adjust the distance between the longitudinal beam and the ground to 0.2-0.5m, and then remove the wire rope and shackle on the turning lifting ear; 10 The second part is to hoist the shield machine down into the well: hoist the shield block 3, shield block 7, shield block 2, shield block 8, and shield block 1 into the well in sequence; 11 Cutterhead lowering: Before the cutterhead is lowered into the well, the cutterhead is assembled and welded on the ground. After completion, the main hook of the 400t main crawler crane is hung on the main lifting eye and the turning lifting eye of the cutterhead, and the main hook of the 300t crawler crane is hung on the auxiliary lifting eye of the cutterhead. The two cranes lift the cutterhead synchronously. When the main lifting eye is raised 2m from the ground, the auxiliary lifting eye is lowered. After the cutterhead is turned over 90° as a whole, the distance between the cutterhead and the ground is adjusted to 0.2-0.5m, and then the wire rope and shackle on the auxiliary lifting eye are removed; 12 Installation of the front shield cutout ring downhole: After the cutterhead is installed, install the cutout ring on the shield block 1. The crawler crane main hook and auxiliary hook are used to lift the cutout ring of the shield block 1 into the well. The cutout ring and the shield block 1 are positioned and connected through a saddle seat. A saddle pin is installed in the saddle seat. Then, the cutout ring and the shield block 1 are connected by welding. 13 Lowering of the back shield block: The main hook and auxiliary hook of the main crawler crane simultaneously lift the front lower block 4 of the back shield; 14 The assembling machine and the joist are lowered into the well: a. The assembling machine is loaded onto the joist: the joist is supported by the frame, the assembling machine is loaded onto the joist, and the assembling machine is moved to the maximum position at the left end of the joist; then the assembling machine and the joist are connected by welding with a clamp plate; b. The main hook of the crawler crane lifts the assembling machine and the joist, and the auxiliary hook cooperates with the main hook to lift the hook until the assembling machine stands upright; c. After the assembling machine turns over 90 degrees, adjust the distance between the assembling machine and the ground to 0.2-0.5m, and then remove the wire rope and shackle on the turning lifting ear; 15 Lower the rear shield left block 2 and rear shield right block 3 into the well: the main hook of the main crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug on the outside of the rear shield left block 2, and the auxiliary hook is hung on the turning lifting lug on the inside of the rear shield left block 2; then the main hook and the auxiliary hook lift the rear shield left block 2 and rear shield right block 3 at the same time; 16 Lowering the upper block 1 of the back shield into the well: the main hook of the main crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the upper block 1 of the back shield, and the auxiliary hook is hung on the main lifting lug outside the upper block 1 of the back shield using at least two steel wire ropes. The main hook and the auxiliary hook are lifted into the well of the upper block 1 of the back shield at the same time. 2. The method for assembling a large-diameter shield machine in a shaft according to claim 1, wherein the step (5) of assembling the No. 1 trolley in the shaft comprises the following steps: a. The lower front section is hoisted down the well and installed on the wheel track of the No. 1 trolley. Then the wheels of the No. 1 trolley are protected from slipping to prevent the trolley from sliding; b. The lower rear section is hoisted down into the well and connected with the lower front section, and the connection is fixed with bolts; c. The middle front section is lowered into the well and installed on the lower front section structure. The middle front section and the lower front section are connected and fixed at the joint by positioning pins and bolts; d. The middle rear section is hoisted down into the well and connected with the middle front section and the lower rear section. Bolts are used to fix the connection at the connection points; e. The upper front section is hoisted down the well and installed on the middle front section structure. The upper front section and the middle front section are connected and fixed by positioning pins and bolts; f. The upper rear section is hoisted into the well and connected with the upper front section and the middle rear section. The connection is fixed with bolts. 3. The method for assembling and lowering a large-diameter shield machine into a well according to claim 1, wherein the first part of the shield machine is hoisted and lowered into the well in step 7 further comprises the following steps: 7.1 Lowering shield block 5 into the well: Use the main and auxiliary hooks of a 400t crawler crane to lift it simultaneously. When it is 2m above the ground, the main hook is lifted and the auxiliary hook is lowered. The shield block 5 is turned over 90° and the distance between the shield block 5 and the ground is adjusted to 0.2-0.5m. Then remove the wire rope and shackle on the turning lifting ear. The positioning position of the shield block 5 is the front end of the cut ring of the shield block 5 corresponding to the tunnel door position. 7.2 Lowering shield body block 6 and shield body block 4 into the well: Hang the main hook of the crawler crane on the main lifting lug outside the shield body block 6, and hang the auxiliary hook on the main lifting lug outside the shield body block 4. Lift the main and auxiliary hooks at the same time to lower shield body block 6 and block 4 into the well. 4. The method for assembling and installing a large-diameter shield machine in a well as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second part of the shield machine being hoisted and lowered into the well in step 10 further comprises the following steps: 10.1 Shield block 3 and shield block 7 are lowered into the well: the main hook of the crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 3, and the auxiliary hook is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 3. They are lifted at the same time, and the starting base is set up at the bottom, and the starting base is supported by a tire frame and a jack to prevent the shield block from sliding sideways. 10.2 Lowering shield block 2 and shield block 8 into the well: The main and auxiliary hooks of the crawler crane are lifted simultaneously to lower shield block 2 and shield block 8 into the well; 10.3 Lowering shield block 1 into the well: The main hook of the crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 1, and the auxiliary hook of the crawler crane is hung on the main lifting lug outside the shield block 1. The main and auxiliary hooks are lifted at the same time to lower the shield block 1 into the well. 5. The method for assembling a large-diameter shield machine by hoisting it down a shaft as described in claim 1 is characterized in that 10 roadbed plates are laid under the two crawler tracks of the crawler crane, and the direction of the roadbed plates is designed along the excavation direction. 6. The method for assembling a large-diameter shield machine by hoisting it down a shaft as described in claim 5, characterized in that a lifting device is provided at the bottom of the roadbed plate to lift it. 7. An auxiliary lifting device, used in the large-diameter shield machine lifting and lowering into the well assembly construction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it includes a hook, a pulley is provided under the hook, the lifting steel cable passes through the pulley, the pulley includes an inner wheel and an outer wheel, a Y-shaped washer is installed between the inner wheel and the outer wheel, the Y-shaped washer is hollow and connected to one end of the air pipe, the other end of the air pipe is connected to the air source, and a valve is provided on the air pipe. 8. The auxiliary lifting device as described in claim 7 is characterized in that an auxiliary positioning ring is provided next to the Y-shaped washer. 9. The auxiliary lifting device as described in claim 7 is characterized in that: the lifting device includes a lifting mechanism and a magnetic block, and the end of the lifting mechanism and the magnetic block are attracted by electromagnetic force.