CN118572565B - Overhead cable online tensioning device - Google Patents

Overhead cable online tensioning device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118572565B
CN118572565B CN202411034412.7A CN202411034412A CN118572565B CN 118572565 B CN118572565 B CN 118572565B CN 202411034412 A CN202411034412 A CN 202411034412A CN 118572565 B CN118572565 B CN 118572565B
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China
Prior art keywords
wire
sleeve
rotating shaft
cable
shell
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CN202411034412.7A
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CN118572565A (en
Inventor
孙衍伟
马英俊
赵强
崔伟昊
彭佳
范晴
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Taian Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
Feicheng Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Taian Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
Feicheng Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Publication of CN118572565A publication Critical patent/CN118572565A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02GINSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G1/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
    • H02G1/02Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables
    • H02G1/04Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables for mounting or stretching

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Abstract

The invention discloses an overhead cable online tensioning device, which belongs to the field of cable maintenance and comprises a shell and a winding reel, wherein first wire holes are formed in two ends of the shell, and second wire holes are formed in two ends of the winding reel; two ends of the winding reel are respectively provided with a rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the shell; the rotating shaft at the upper end is provided with a non-return mechanism, and the non-return mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft at the upper end and a lantern ring sleeved outside the ratchet wheel; the utility model discloses a non return mechanism, including shell, fixing base, sleeve, fixed setting, the bounding wall of shell upper end fixed being provided with the U type, non return mechanism still includes the fixing base, the fixing base includes the square base of bottom and sets up in square base upper portion's sleeve. According to the invention, the winding reel is arranged, so that the cable is wound on the winding reel for a plurality of turns, the adjusting range of the sag cable is greatly increased, the problems of potential safety hazard and performance reduction caused by cable looseness are reduced, and the overall performance and safety of a cable system are obviously improved.

Description

Overhead cable online tensioning device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cable maintenance, and particularly relates to an on-line tensioning device for overhead cables.
Background
In the power transmission and distribution system, overhead cables are used as main media for power transmission, and the quality of installation and maintenance of the overhead cables is directly related to the stability and safety of the power system. Particularly, in a complex and changeable natural environment, how to ensure that the cable keeps a stable tensioning state in a long-term operation process and prevent various problems caused by sag change is an important subject to be solved in the power industry.
In the prior art, an overhead cable usually applies a proper pulling force through a wire pulling device at the initial stage of installation, so as to ensure that the cable tension between two towers meets the design requirements. However, during long-term operation, the cable is affected by various factors (such as gravity stretching, temperature change, wind force action, etc.), and sag thereof gradually changes, thereby adversely affecting mechanical properties and electrical properties of the cable and even threatening safe operation of the power system.
Aiming at the problem of the increase of cable sag, two main solutions exist at present: firstly, the tension at two ends of the cable is reduced through the middle supporting structure, but the construction site of the method is limited, the construction period is long, and the cost is high; secondly, install adjusting device on the cable, an adjustable power supply cable fixing device as disclosed in CN117748398B, buckle the cable through bending mechanism to realize the tensioning adjustment of cable. However, such adjusting devices have a limited adjusting range and are difficult to accommodate for the adjusting requirements of large sag cables.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an on-line tensioning device for an overhead cable, so as to solve the problem that the existing adjusting device is difficult to meet the cable tensioning and adjusting requirements after the cable is subjected to large sag change due to the influence of factors such as gravity, temperature, weather and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides an overhead cable on-line straining device, includes shell, bobbin, shell and bobbin all adopt the semicircle tube structure, and the both sides of shell are equipped with a plurality of first lugs, and the first lug of both sides passes through bolted connection, the shell both ends are equipped with first line hole, bobbin upper portion and lower part all are equipped with the end plate, be equipped with the second lug on the end plate, two second lugs pass through bolted connection, the bobbin both ends are equipped with the second line hole; the end plates at two ends are fixedly connected with shaft sleeves, two ends of the winding reel are respectively provided with a rotating shaft, one end of each rotating shaft is provided with a connecting column, the connecting columns are connected with the shaft sleeves through pin shafts, and the other end of each rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the shell; the rotating shaft at the lower end is connected with a hand wheel, the rotating shaft at the upper end is provided with a non-return mechanism, the non-return mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft at the upper end and a lantern ring sleeved outside the ratchet wheel, the lantern ring is provided with a plurality of pawls, and one side of each pawl is provided with a groove; the utility model discloses a novel anti-reverse structure of shell, including shell, square base, sleeve, round pin axle, sleeve, fixed base, square base, round pin axle, the shell upper end is fixed to be provided with the bounding wall of U type, and the U type bounding wall of both sides encloses into rectangular structure, the anti-reverse mechanism still includes the fixing base, the fixing base includes the square base of bottom and sets up in the sleeve on square base upper portion, and square base is placed in the inside of bounding wall to utilize the round pin axle to be connected with the bounding wall, the lantern ring sets up in the sleeve is inside.
Further, the non-return mechanism further comprises an end cap, a plurality of L-shaped guide grooves are formed in the end cap, a fixing pin is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve, the fixing pin is installed in the L-shaped guide grooves in a clearance mode, in an initial state, the fixing pin is located at the top of the L-shaped guide grooves, a plurality of sliding grooves are formed in the sleeve, a plurality of sliding blocks are arranged outside the sleeve ring, and the sliding blocks are installed in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode; the inside spring that is equipped with of end cap, the lower extreme and the lantern ring fixed connection of spring, the upper end and the end cap fixed connection of spring.
Further, a plurality of positioning columns are arranged on the cross section of one winding reel, a positioning hole is arranged on the cross section of the other winding reel, and the positioning columns are inserted into the positioning holes.
Further, a plurality of stand columns are arranged in the winding reel, two ends of each stand column are fixedly connected with the end plate, and a plurality of steel balls are connected to the stand columns in a sliding mode.
Further, one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a shaft cap, the shaft cap is sleeved outside the shaft sleeve, and the shaft cap buckles the two semi-cylindrical bobbins together.
Further, be equipped with the external screw thread in the pivot, and the pivot of upper portion is opposite with the epaxial external screw thread of lower part revolves, still includes the liftout mechanism, the liftout mechanism includes two sets of swivel nut, two sets of swivel nut respectively with two pivot threaded connection, swivel nut one side fixedly connected with liftout frame, the other end of liftout frame is directional cable and is equipped with the card line mouth of card line, and two sets of liftout frames are arranged in the both sides diagonal of bobbin, be equipped with the guide pillar on the shell inner wall, swivel nut one side fixedly connected with connecting rod, connecting rod and guide pillar sliding connection.
Further, a spiral wire slot is arranged on the winding reel.
Further, each first wire hole is provided with two hollow elastic wire sleeves, each elastic wire sleeve is provided with a connecting structure, each connecting structure comprises a plurality of third lugs arranged on the corresponding elastic wire sleeve, the two third lugs on the corresponding elastic wire sleeves are connected through bolts, or each connecting structure comprises a preformed armor wire wound outside the corresponding elastic wire sleeve, a cable is arranged in each hollow hole of the corresponding elastic wire sleeve, one end of each elastic wire sleeve is provided with a clamping groove, each clamping groove is clamped in each first wire hole, and the other end of each elastic wire sleeve is of a funnel-shaped structure.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) According to the invention, the winding reel is arranged, so that the cable is wound on the winding reel for a plurality of turns, the adjusting range of the sag cable is greatly increased, the problems of potential safety hazard and performance reduction caused by cable looseness are reduced, and the overall performance and safety of a cable system are obviously improved.
2) The end cap is arranged on the upper portion of the fixing seat, the spring connected with the lantern ring is arranged in the end cap, when the cable needs to be loosened or recovered, the end cap is lifted upwards to separate the lantern ring from the ratchet wheel, so that the non-return mechanism is disabled, the cable is allowed to freely slide on the winding reel, and the tightness adjustment or recovery operation is carried out.
3) The vibration energy of the wire is effectively dissipated by the nonlinear dynamic response mechanism, so that the vibration amplitude and frequency of the cable are remarkably reduced, the service life of the cable is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
4) Two groups of wire jacking mechanisms are arranged on the rotating shaft, the two groups of wire jacking mechanisms are arranged on the opposite angles of the winding reel, and when the rotating shaft rotates, the threaded sleeves at the two ends are close to each other in the rotating shaft, and the wire jacking frame is utilized to uniformly wind the wire on the winding reel, so that the winding stability of the wire is ensured.
5) The elastic wire sleeves are arranged on the two sides of the shell, so that static stress of the cable at the first wire hole and dynamic stress caused by breeze vibration and the like can be reduced, the curvature radius of the cable at the first wire hole can be increased, bending stress of the cable during galloping can be reduced, and strand breakage or wire breakage caused by local mechanical damage can be prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an overhead cable on-line tensioning device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an internal schematic view of an overhead cable take-up device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a spool in an overhead cable in-line tensioning device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a pivot and backstop mechanism in an overhead cable in-line tensioning device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of a suspension reversing mechanism of an overhead cable-tensioner of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a collar of an overhead cable in-line tensioning device of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the collar and the ratchet wheel in the overhead cable wire tensioning device according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a wire ejection mechanism in an overhead cable wire tensioning device according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an elastic wire jacket in an overhead cable wire tensioning device according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a shell; 11. a first lug; 12. coaming plate; 13. a guide post; 2. a bobbin; 21. a second wire hole; 22. a wire slot; 23. a second lug; 24. positioning columns; 25. an end plate; 26. a shaft sleeve; 27. a column; 28. steel balls; 3. a rotating shaft; 31. a connecting column; 32. a shaft cap; 33. a hand wheel; 4. a non-return mechanism; 41. a ratchet wheel; 42. a fixing seat; 421. a square base; 422. a sleeve; 423. a fixing pin; 43. a collar; 431. a pawl; 432. a groove; 433. a slide block; 44. a spring; 45. an end cap; 451. an L-shaped guide groove; 5. a top line mechanism; 51. a screw sleeve; 52. a wire pushing frame; 53. a wire clamping port; 54. a connecting rod; 6. an elastic wire sleeve; 61. a third lug; 62. a clamping groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an overhead cable online tensioning device comprises a shell 1 and a winding reel 2, wherein the shell 1 and the winding reel 2 are of a semi-cylindrical structure, a plurality of first lugs 11 are arranged on two sides of the shell 1, the first lugs 11 on two sides are connected through bolts, first wire holes are formed in two ends of the shell 1, end plates 25 are arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the winding reel 2, second lugs 23 are arranged on the end plates 25, the two second lugs 23 are connected through bolts, second wire holes 21 are formed in two ends of the winding reel 2, and the first wire holes and the second wire holes 21 are used for accommodating an overhead cable; the end plates 25 at the two ends are fixedly connected with shaft sleeves 26, two ends of the winding reel 2 are respectively provided with a rotating shaft 3, one end of each rotating shaft 3 is provided with a connecting column 31, the connecting columns 31 are connected with the shaft sleeves 26 through pin shafts, and the other end of each rotating shaft 3 is rotatably connected with the shell 1; the rotating shaft 3 at the lower end is connected with a hand wheel 33, the rotating shaft 3 at the upper end is provided with a non-return mechanism 4, the non-return mechanism 4 comprises a ratchet wheel 41 fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 3 at the upper end and a lantern ring 43 sleeved outside the ratchet wheel 41, the lantern ring 43 is provided with a plurality of pawls 431, and one side of each pawl 431 is provided with a groove 432; the utility model discloses a non return mechanism, including shell 1, square base 421, sleeve 422, round pin axle, lantern ring 43, fixed setting up the bounding wall 12 of shell 1 upper end, the U type bounding wall 12 of both sides enclose into rectangular structure, non return mechanism 4 still includes fixing base 42, fixing base 42 includes square base 421 of bottom and sets up in the sleeve 422 on square base 421 upper portion, square base 421 places in the inside of bounding wall 12 to utilize the round pin axle to be connected with bounding wall 12, lantern ring 43 sets up in sleeve 422 inside.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the non-return mechanism 4 further includes an end cap 45, a plurality of L-shaped guide grooves 451 are provided on the end cap 45, a fixing pin 423 is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve 422, the fixing pin 423 is installed in the L-shaped guide grooves 451 with a gap therebetween, and in an initial state, the fixing pin 423 is located at the top of the L-shaped guide grooves 451, a plurality of sliding grooves are provided in the sleeve 422, a plurality of sliding blocks 433 are provided outside the collar 43, and the sliding blocks 433 are slidably installed in the sliding grooves; the inside spring 44 that is equipped with of end cap 45, the lower extreme and the lantern ring 43 fixed connection of spring 44, the upper end and the end cap 45 fixed connection of spring 44, when the cable need be transferred loose or retrieve, only need upwards draw end cap 45, when fixed pin 423 is located the extreme bottom of L type guide slot 451, rotate end cap 45 and make fixed pin 423 card post end cap 45, can drive lantern ring 43 through spring 44 and upwards move, make lantern ring 43 and ratchet 41 separation, thereby release the non-return effect, allow the cable to freely slide on bobbin 2, carry out elasticity adjustment or recovery operation. In addition, the spring 44 also has a safety function, specifically expressed in: under the action of the spring force of the spring 44, the collar 43 is prevented from being separated from the ratchet 41 accidentally, so that loosening of the cable due to non-return failure is prevented.
As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of positioning posts 24 are provided on the cross section of one bobbin 2, and positioning holes (not shown) are provided on the cross section of the other bobbin 2, wherein the positioning posts 24 are inserted into the positioning holes, so that the bobbins 2 can be assembled quickly.
As shown in fig. 3, the bobbin 2 is internally provided with a plurality of posts 27, two ends of the posts 27 are fixedly connected with the end plates 25, and a plurality of steel balls 28 are slidingly connected to the posts 27, so that when the cable is waved due to factors such as wind force, temperature change or mechanical vibration, the steel balls 28 can slide freely on the posts 27 and collide with each other, and the nonlinear dynamic response mechanism effectively dissipates vibration energy transmitted by the wire, thereby remarkably reducing the vibration amplitude and frequency of the cable, prolonging the service life of the cable and reducing the maintenance cost.
As shown in fig. 4, one end of the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a shaft cap 32, the shaft cap 32 is sleeved outside the shaft sleeve 26, and the shaft cap 32 locks the two semi-cylindrical bobbins 2 together, so that the assembly compactness of the bobbins 2 is further ensured.
As shown in fig. 2 and 8, the rotating shaft 3 is provided with external threads, the rotating shaft 3 at the upper part is opposite to the external threads on the rotating shaft 3 at the lower part in rotation direction, the winding device further comprises a winding pushing mechanism 5, the winding pushing mechanism 5 comprises two groups of threaded sleeves 51, the two groups of threaded sleeves 51 are respectively in threaded connection with the two rotating shafts 3, one side of each threaded sleeve 51 is fixedly connected with a winding pushing frame 52, the other end of each winding pushing frame 52 points to a cable and is provided with a wire clamping opening 53 for clamping wires, the two groups of winding pushing frames 52 are diagonally arranged at two sides of the winding drum 2, namely, one group of winding pushing frames 52 is positioned at the left upper part of the winding drum 2, the other group of winding pushing frames 52 is positioned at the right lower part of the winding drum 2, a guide pillar 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the casing 1, one side of each threaded sleeve 51 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 54, and the connecting rod 54 is in sliding connection with the guide pillar 13; when the rotating shaft 3 rotates, the threaded sleeves 51 at the two ends are close to each other on the rotating shaft 3, and the cable is uniformly wound on the winding drum 2 by the wire pushing frame 52, so that the winding stability of the cable is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, the bobbin 2 is provided with a spiral wire slot 22, and the spiral wire slot 22 provides a winding path for the cables, so that the cables can be orderly arranged along the wire slot 22, thereby not only enhancing the winding aesthetic property of the cables, but also reducing the crossing and confusion among the cables, and avoiding the damage and performance degradation caused by the stacking or entanglement of the cables.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 9, each first wire hole is provided with two hollow elastic wire sleeves 6, the elastic wire sleeves 6 are provided with a connecting structure, in this embodiment, the connecting structure comprises a plurality of third lugs 61 arranged on the elastic wire sleeves 6, the third lugs 61 on the two elastic wire sleeves 6 are connected through bolts, in other embodiments, the connecting structure comprises a preformed armor rod wound outside the two elastic wire sleeves 6, a cable is arranged in the hollow holes of the elastic wire sleeves 6, one end of each elastic wire sleeve 6 is provided with a clamping groove 62, the clamping grooves 62 are clamped in the first wire holes, the other end of each elastic wire sleeve 6 is of a funnel-shaped structure, the elastic wire sleeves 6 are beneficial to reducing static stress of the cable at the first wire holes and dynamic stress caused by breeze vibration and the like, and are beneficial to increasing the curvature radius of the cable at the first wire holes, reducing bending stress of the cable during galloping and preventing the cable from being broken or broken due to local mechanical damage.
When the device is used, a cable is placed in the second wire hole 21 of the winding reel 2 and the first wire hole of the shell 1, then the other winding reel 2 is buckled with the first wire hole, the two winding reels 2 are fixed by using bolts, then the rotating shafts 3 are arranged at the two ends of the winding reel 2, the position of the wire jacking mechanism 5 is adjusted, the elastic wire sleeve 6 is placed in the first wire hole of the shell 1 and wraps the cable, the other shell 1 is buckled with the first shell 1, the two shells 1 are fixed by using bolts, then the non-return mechanism 4 is arranged on the rotating shaft 3 at the upper end, and the hand wheel 33 is arranged on the rotating shaft 3 at the lower end, so that the device can be arranged.
When the sag of the overhead cable is increased, the hand wheel 33 is rotated to drive the winding drum 2 to rotate, so that the cable is wound on the winding drum 2, in the process, the rotating shaft 3 rotates to drive the top wire frame 52 at the upper end and the top wire frame 52 at the lower end to move relatively, and the cable is uniformly wound on the winding drum 2 by utilizing the top wire frame 52, so that the winding stability of the cable is ensured.
When the cable is in galloping under the action of external force, the steel balls 28 on the upright posts 27 slide freely on the upright posts 27 and collide with each other, so that the vibration of the cable is effectively consumed, the vibration amplitude and frequency of the cable are remarkably reduced, and the service life of the cable is prolonged. In addition, the elastic wire sleeves 6 at the two ends of the shell 1 increase the curvature radius of the cable at the first wire hole, reduce the bending stress of the cable during the galloping, and further weaken the damage of the cable caused by the galloping.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, as it is well within the scope of the invention, as it is intended to cover various modifications, additions and substitutions to the specific embodiments disclosed and those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (8)

1.一种架空线缆在线拉紧装置,包括外壳、绕线筒,所述外壳和绕线筒均采用半圆筒结构,外壳的两侧设有若干第一凸耳,两侧的第一凸耳通过螺栓连接,所述外壳两端设有第一线孔,其特征在于,所述绕线筒上部和下部均设有端板,所述端板上设有第二凸耳,两个第二凸耳通过螺栓连接,所述绕线筒两端设有第二线孔;两端的端板上均固定连接有轴套,所述绕线筒两端各设有一个转轴,转轴的一端设有连接柱,所述连接柱与轴套通过销轴连接,转轴的另一端与外壳转动连接;其中,下端的转轴上连接有手轮,上端的转轴上设有止逆机构,所述止逆机构包括固定安装在上端转轴上的棘轮和以及套设在棘轮外部的套环,所述套环上设有若干棘爪,棘爪的一侧设有凹槽;所述外壳上端固定设置有U型的围板,两侧的U型围板围成矩形结构,所述止逆机构还包括固定座,所述固定座包括底部的方底座以及设置于方底座上部的套筒,方底座放置在围板的内部,并利用销轴与围板连接,所述套环设置于套筒内部。1. An online tensioning device for an overhead cable, comprising a shell and a winding drum, wherein the shell and the winding drum both adopt a semi-cylindrical structure, a plurality of first lugs are provided on both sides of the shell, the first lugs on both sides are connected by bolts, and first wire holes are provided at both ends of the shell, characterized in that end plates are provided at the upper and lower parts of the winding drum, second lugs are provided on the end plates, two second lugs are connected by bolts, and second wire holes are provided at both ends of the winding drum; shaft sleeves are fixedly connected to the end plates at both ends, a rotating shaft is respectively provided at both ends of the winding drum, a connecting column is provided at one end of the rotating shaft, the connecting column is connected to the shaft sleeve by a pin, and the rotating shaft The other end is rotatably connected to the outer shell; wherein a handwheel is connected to the rotating shaft at the lower end, and a non-return mechanism is provided on the rotating shaft at the upper end, the non-return mechanism includes a ratchet fixedly mounted on the upper rotating shaft and a ring sleeved on the outside of the ratchet, the ring is provided with a plurality of pawls, and one side of the pawl is provided with a groove; a U-shaped enclosure is fixedly provided on the upper end of the outer shell, and the U-shaped enclosures on both sides form a rectangular structure, the non-return mechanism also includes a fixed seat, the fixed seat includes a square base at the bottom and a sleeve arranged on the upper part of the square base, the square base is placed inside the enclosure and connected to the enclosure by a pin shaft, and the ring is arranged inside the sleeve. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种架空线缆在线拉紧装置,其特征在于,所述止逆机构还包括端帽,所述端帽上设有若干L型导槽,所述套筒外部固定连接有固定销,所述固定销间隙地安装在L型导槽内,且在初始状态时,固定销位于L型导槽的顶部,所述套筒内部设有若干滑槽,所述套环外部设有若干滑块,所述滑块滑动地安装在滑槽内;所述端帽内部设有弹簧,弹簧的下端与套环固定连接,弹簧的上端与端帽固定连接。2. An overhead cable online tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-return mechanism also includes an end cap, a plurality of L-shaped guide grooves are provided on the end cap, a fixing pin is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve, the fixing pin is gap-installed in the L-shaped guide groove, and in an initial state, the fixing pin is located at the top of the L-shaped guide groove, a plurality of slide grooves are provided inside the sleeve, a plurality of sliders are provided outside the ring, and the sliders are slidably installed in the slide grooves; a spring is provided inside the end cap, the lower end of the spring is fixedly connected to the ring, and the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected to the end cap. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种架空线缆在线拉紧装置,其特征在于,其中一个绕线筒的横截面上设有若干定位柱,另一个绕线筒的横截面上设有定位孔,所述定位柱插接在定位孔内。3. An overhead cable online tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of positioning posts are provided on the cross section of one winding drum, and a positioning hole is provided on the cross section of another winding drum, and the positioning posts are inserted into the positioning holes. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种架空线缆在线拉紧装置,其特征在于,所述绕线筒内部设有若干立柱,立柱的两端与端板固定连接,所述立柱上滑动地连接有若干钢珠。4. An overhead cable online tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of columns are provided inside the winding drum, both ends of the columns are fixedly connected to the end plates, and a plurality of steel balls are slidably connected to the columns. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种架空线缆在线拉紧装置,其特征在于,所述转轴一端设有轴帽,所述轴帽套设在轴套外部,轴帽将两个半圆筒状的绕线筒扣合在一起。5. An overhead cable online tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that a shaft cap is provided at one end of the rotating shaft, the shaft cap is sleeved on the outside of the shaft sleeve, and the shaft cap buckles two semi-cylindrical winding drums together. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种架空线缆在线拉紧装置,其特征在于,所述转轴上设有外螺纹,且上部的转轴与下部的转轴上的外螺纹旋向相反,还包括顶线机构,所述顶线机构包括两组螺套,所述两组螺套分别与两个转轴螺纹连接,所述螺套一侧固定连接有顶线架,顶线架的另一端指向线缆且设有卡线的卡线口,两组顶线架在绕线筒的两侧对角布置,所述外壳内壁上设有导柱,所述螺套一侧固定连接有连杆,连杆与导柱滑动连接。6. An overhead cable online tensioning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the rotating shaft is provided with an external thread, and the external threads on the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft have opposite rotation directions, and also includes a wire pushing mechanism, the wire pushing mechanism includes two groups of screw sleeves, the two groups of screw sleeves are respectively threadedly connected to the two rotating shafts, one side of the screw sleeve is fixedly connected to a wire pushing frame, the other end of the wire pushing frame points to the cable and is provided with a wire clamping port for clamping the wire, the two groups of wire pushing frames are diagonally arranged on both sides of the winding drum, a guide column is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell, one side of the screw sleeve is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is slidably connected to the guide column. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种架空线缆在线拉紧装置,其特征在于,所述绕线筒上设有螺旋形的线槽。7. An overhead cable online tensioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that a spiral wire groove is provided on the winding drum. 8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的一种架空线缆在线拉紧装置,其特征在于,每个所述第一线孔上均安装有两个中空的弹性线套,所述弹性线套上设有连接结构,所述连接结构包括若干设置在弹性线套上的第三凸耳,两个弹性线套上的第三凸耳通过螺栓连接,或,所述连接结构包括缠绕在两个弹性线套外部的预绞丝,线缆设置于弹性线套的中空孔内,所述弹性线套一端设有卡槽,卡槽卡在第一线孔内,所述弹性线套另一端为漏斗状结构。8. An overhead cable online tensioning device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that two hollow elastic wire sleeves are installed on each of the first wire holes, and a connecting structure is provided on the elastic wire sleeve, and the connecting structure includes a plurality of third lugs arranged on the elastic wire sleeve, and the third lugs on the two elastic wire sleeves are connected by bolts, or, the connecting structure includes pre-twisted wires wrapped around the outside of the two elastic wire sleeves, and the cable is arranged in the hollow hole of the elastic wire sleeve, and a slot is provided at one end of the elastic wire sleeve, and the slot is stuck in the first wire hole, and the other end of the elastic wire sleeve is a funnel-shaped structure.
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