CN118572300B - Battery safety valve and single battery - Google Patents

Battery safety valve and single battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118572300B
CN118572300B CN202411046380.2A CN202411046380A CN118572300B CN 118572300 B CN118572300 B CN 118572300B CN 202411046380 A CN202411046380 A CN 202411046380A CN 118572300 B CN118572300 B CN 118572300B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
safety valve
notch
valve main
main body
battery
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Application number
CN202411046380.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN118572300A (en
Inventor
李国明
高明春
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Jiangsu Judian New Energy Co ltd
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Jiangsu Judian New Energy Co ltd
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Priority to CN202411046380.2A priority Critical patent/CN118572300B/en
Publication of CN118572300A publication Critical patent/CN118572300A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery safety valves, in particular to a battery safety valve and a single battery, which comprise a safety valve main body; the notch is arranged on one side of the safety valve main body, the notch is in a communicated ring shape, the inner side of the notch is a pressure relief part of the safety valve main body, the outer side of the notch is a connecting part of the safety valve main body, and the pressure relief part of the safety valve main body is used for tearing along the notch under the action of smoke in a battery and completely separating from the safety valve main body so as to realize rapid pressure relief; the score has at least two different depths. According to the invention, the annular nick is arranged on the safety valve main body, and the nick depth is adaptively set according to the pressure, so that the safety valve is uniformly torn and maximally opened when being pressed, and the aim of rapid pressure relief is fulfilled.

Description

Battery safety valve and single battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery safety valves, in particular to a battery safety valve and a single battery.
Background
Currently, with the rapid development of new energy technologies, lithium batteries are widely used as core components for energy storage in electric vehicles, portable electronic devices, and large-scale energy storage systems. However, an important safety issue faced during use of lithium batteries is thermal runaway, which can lead to a sharp rise in internal pressure, which can lead to serious consequences such as battery swelling, leakage, and even explosion. In order to discharge internal flue gas as soon as possible when thermal runaway occurs in the battery, a safety valve is usually arranged on a top cover of the battery, and can be opened to discharge the flue gas in the battery, but only part of the existing battery safety valve is provided with a notch, the notch can be opened for pressure relief, but the safety valve is always partially unopened, so that the pressure relief rate of the battery is influenced, and danger is easily caused. Therefore, designing a battery capable of rapidly responding to thermal runaway inside the battery and ensuring rapid pressure relief when the pressure reaches a dangerous threshold is a problem to be solved in the battery technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery safety valve and a single battery so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A battery safety valve comprising:
A safety valve body;
The notch is arranged on one side of the safety valve main body, the notch is in a communicated ring shape, the inner side of the notch is a pressure relief part of the safety valve main body, the outer side of the notch is a connecting part of the safety valve main body, and the pressure relief part of the safety valve main body is used for tearing along the notch under the action of smoke in a battery and completely separating from the safety valve main body so as to realize rapid pressure relief;
the score depth has at least two different depths.
Optionally, the depth of the middle portion of the score is less than the depth of the ends of the score.
Optionally, the notch adopts one of trapezoid and inverted V shape, wherein the included angle of the inner wall of the inverted V shape is located in the range of 30-45 degrees.
Optionally, the thickness of the notch is 0.1-0.5 times of the thickness of the safety valve main body.
Optionally, a pressure sensing unit is also included, which is integrated with or disposed adjacent to the safety valve body, for monitoring the internal pressure of the battery in real time.
A single cell, characterized in that: the device also comprises a top cover; the connecting piece, the first end fixed connection of connecting piece the top cap, the second end fixed connection the relief valve main part, the connecting piece is used for keeping the top cap with the relief valve main part is connected when the relief valve main part's relief portion breaks away from completely the relief valve main part.
Optionally, the mounting hole has been seted up to the top cap, first indent mouth has been seted up at the mounting hole top, the first end fixed connection of connecting piece is in the first indent mouth.
Optionally, a second inner groove opening is formed in the bottom of the mounting hole, and the safety valve main body is fixedly mounted in the second inner groove opening.
Optionally, the maximum length of the connector is less than the maximum displacement distance of the safety valve body.
Optionally, the notch is disposed on a side of the safety valve body away from the top cover.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
When this internal thermal runaway that takes place of battery, the inside battery core of rolling up of protective housing generates heat and produces gas, thereby the flue gas is piled up in protective housing inside and is impacted the top cap, and relief valve main part bottom receives pressure this moment, through set up the nick in relief valve main part bottom, and the nick is annular to annular nick's degree of depth sets up according to the size of pressing, preferably the degree of depth of nick mid portion is less than the degree of depth at nick both ends, thereby can make the internal gas of battery evenly tear the relief valve main part along the nick, makes the relief valve main part can be along nick department as far as simultaneously after receiving pressure, open completely, realizes the purpose of quick pressure release.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it will be apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the battery module and the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the top cover structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the main structure of the safety valve of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the safety valve body of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the relief valve body of the present invention in the form of an inverted V-shape in the bottom score area;
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the safety valve body according to the present invention when the bottom score area is trapezoidal.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. A battery body; 101. a protective housing; 102. a battery winding core; 103. a top cover; 1031. a mounting hole; 10311. a first female slot; 10312. a second female slot; 2. a connecting piece; 3. a safety valve body; 301. and (5) scoring.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention discloses a battery safety valve, which is characterized by comprising:
A safety valve body 3; the notch 301 is arranged on one side of the safety valve main body 3, the notch 301 is in a communicated ring shape, the inner side of the notch 301 is a pressure relief part of the safety valve main body 3, the outer side of the notch 301 is a connecting part of the safety valve main body 3, and the pressure relief part of the safety valve main body 3 is used for tearing along the notch 301 under the action of smoke in a battery and completely separating from the safety valve main body 3 so as to realize rapid pressure relief; the score 301 has at least two different depths.
In this embodiment, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery body, the smoke inside the battery impacts the top cover, and at this time, the bottom of the safety valve is pressurized, and since the notch at the bottom of the safety valve is an annular notch, and the depth of the annular notch is set according to the size of the pressurized, preferably, the depth of the middle part of the notch 301 is smaller than the depth of the two ends of the notch 301, so that the safety valve can be uniformly torn at the same time when the gas inside the battery runs along the notch, and a larger opening is opened, so that the pressure can be rapidly released under emergency conditions, and the use safety and reliability of the battery are remarkably improved.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the battery body 1 includes a protective housing 101 and a battery winding core 102, the battery winding core 102 is installed inside the protective housing 101, a top cover 103 is fixedly installed on top of the protective housing 101, the battery winding core 102 is a battery core formed by combining in a winding manner, the protective housing 101 is mainly used for protecting necessary components such as the internal battery winding core 102, and the protective housing 101 is made of one of aluminum alloy, polypropylene or polycarbonate.
The battery winding core 102 is arranged inside the protective shell 101, so that the stability of electrochemical performance is ensured.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a mounting hole 1031 is formed in the center of the top cover 103, the mounting hole 1031 is in a shape of a long circular hole, a first inner groove hole 10311 is formed in the top of the mounting hole 1031, a second inner groove hole 10312 is formed in the bottom of the mounting hole 1031, a safety valve is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the second inner groove hole 10312, a first end of the connecting piece 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first inner groove hole 10311, a second end of the connecting piece 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the safety valve, the exhaust area can be increased by setting the mounting hole 1031 into a long circular hole shape, the pressure release rate is higher, the connecting piece 2 can be mounted by setting the first inner groove hole 10311, the safety valve can be pulled by setting the connecting piece 2, and the safety valve is prevented from directly flying out of the top cover 103 during pressure release.
The first end of the connecting member 2 is fixed to the inner wall of the first inner groove 10311 inside the top cover 103 by welding or bonding, and the second end is also fixed to the top of the safety valve. The length of the connecting piece 2 is required to be proper, so that the flight distance of the connecting piece can be effectively limited when the safety valve is opened for pressure relief, the normal pressure relief process is not influenced, and particularly, the maximum length of the connecting piece 2 is smaller than the maximum displacement distance allowed by the safety valve.
The top cover 103 is fixedly installed at the top of the protective housing 101, a long circular hole-shaped installation hole 1031 is formed in the center of the top cover, and a space is reserved for installation of the safety valve and the connecting piece 2 by a first inner groove 10311 at the top of the installation hole and a second inner groove 10312 at the bottom of the installation hole.
The safety valve is fixedly mounted to the inner wall of the second inner recess 10312 to ensure that it is located just above the top of the battery cell 102. Subsequently, both ends of the connection member 2 are firmly fixed to the first inner groove port 10311 and the relief valve top, respectively, to complete the integration of the entire relief valve system.
The connecting piece 2 is preferably a flexible connecting component, such as a spring, a steel wire rope or a high-strength rope, and the length of the connecting piece 2 is set according to the maximum displacement distance of the safety valve, so that the pressure release part of the safety valve can be prevented from being collided with accessories inside the battery pack.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5 and 6, when the notch 301 is in a trapezoid shape or an inverted V shape, the included angle of the inner wall of the notch 301 is between 30 ° and 45 °, the notch 301 in the inverted V shape is easier to tear by setting the included angle of the inner wall of the inverted V shape to be between 30 ° and 45 °, and since the pressure applied to the portions of the safety valve is different, in order to allow the safety valve to be opened at the same time as much as possible, for example, where the pressure is small, the notches 301 in the arc portions on both sides are thinner, the notch 301 in the middle straight portion is thicker, so that the safety valve can be opened entirely, and by setting the notch 301 in the trapezoid shape or the inverted V shape, the notch 301 is easier to tear. The depth of the notch 301 is 0.1-0.5 times of the thickness of the safety valve, so that the safety valve is ensured not to be torn due to vibration of the battery pack, and can be torn and decompressed under the action of internal smoke pressure.
In some embodiments, one or more locating pins are also included for precisely fixing the position of the safety valve body 3 within the top cover 103, ensuring timely and accurate response in emergency situations. Ensuring accurate installation and tightness of the safety valve body 3, one or more locating pins are designed and installed, which fix the safety valve body 3 in the top cover 103 through accurate hole sites.
In some embodiments, a pressure sensing unit is also included, which is integrated with or disposed adjacent to the safety valve body 3, for monitoring the internal pressure of the battery assembly in real time, providing data support for automatic triggering of the safety valve body 3. The pressure sensing unit is integrated with or disposed closely adjacent to the safety valve body 3 to monitor the internal pressure variation of the battery pack in real time. The unit is communicated with the battery management system in a wireless or wired mode, when the pressure is detected to exceed the preset threshold value, the safety valve main body 3 is immediately triggered to act, alarm information is transmitted to the remote monitoring system, and the instant response and the remote monitoring are realized, so that the safety performance of the battery system is comprehensively improved.
In some embodiments, the pressure sensing unit is in communication connection with the battery management system, and when the pressure exceeds the limit, the instant response and remote monitoring functions are realized, so that the overall safety of the battery system is improved.
The pressure sensing unit closely monitors the pressure variation inside the battery pack. An alarm signal is sent to the battery management system via the communication interface upon detecting that the pressure exceeds a preset safety threshold. The instant feedback mechanism ensures quick response to abnormal conditions and lays a foundation for subsequent safe operation.
Working principle: when the battery body 1 is in thermal runaway during use, the battery winding core 102 in the protective shell 101 generates heat to generate gas, flue gas is accumulated in the protective shell 101 to impact the top cover 103, the bottom of the safety valve body 3 is subjected to pressure, the notch 301 is annular through the arrangement of the notch 301 at the bottom of the safety valve body 3, the depth of the annular notch is set according to the pressed size, preferably, the depth of the middle part of the notch 301 is smaller than the depths of two ends of the notch 301, so that the safety valve body 3 can be uniformly torn along the notch by gas in the battery, and the safety valve body 3 can be opened along the notch 301 as simultaneously and completely as possible after being subjected to pressure, thereby realizing the purpose of rapid pressure relief.
During the pressure relief, the connection 2 plays a critical safety control role. The first end of the safety valve is fixed at the first inner groove 10311 of the top cover 103, the second end of the safety valve is fixed at the top of the safety valve, so that the moving distance of the safety valve can be effectively limited when the safety valve is torn by pressure driving and pressure relief is opened, and the safety valve is prevented from being completely separated from the top cover of the battery due to overlarge inertia or air pressure impact force, so that potential safety hazards are caused or surrounding equipment is damaged.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. A single cell, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
A safety valve body (3);
The notch (301), the notch (301) is arranged at one side of the safety valve main body (3), the notch (301) is in a communicated ring shape, the inner side of the notch (301) is a pressure relief part of the safety valve main body (3), the outer side of the notch (301) is a connecting part of the safety valve main body (3), and the pressure relief part of the safety valve main body (3) is used for tearing along the notch (301) under the action of smoke in a battery and completely separating from the safety valve main body (3) so as to realize rapid pressure relief;
the score (301) has at least two different depths;
The depth of the middle part of the notch (301) is smaller than the depth of the two ends of the notch (301);
The notch (301) adopts one of a trapezoid shape and an inverted V shape, wherein the included angle of the inner wall of the inverted V shape is positioned in a range of 30-45 degrees;
the thickness of the notch (301) is 0.1-0.5 times of the thickness of the safety valve main body (3);
The notch can enable the safety valve to be uniformly torn at the same time when the gas in the battery is along the notch, so that a larger opening is opened;
The safety valve also comprises a pressure sensing unit which is integrated with the safety valve main body or is adjacently arranged and is used for monitoring the internal pressure of the battery in real time;
Also comprises a top cover (103); the connecting piece (2), the first end fixed connection of connecting piece (2) top cap (103), second end fixed connection relief portion of relief valve main part (3), connecting piece (2) are used for keeping when relief portion of relief valve main part (3) breaks away from completely relief valve main part (3) top cap (103) with relief valve main part (3) are connected.
2. The cell as defined in claim 1, wherein: the top cover (103) is provided with a mounting hole (1031), the top of the mounting hole (1031) is provided with a first inner groove opening (10311), and the first end of the connecting piece (2) is fixedly connected in the first inner groove opening (10311).
3. The cell according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the mounting hole (1031) is provided with a second indent (10312), and the safety valve body (3) is fixedly arranged in the second indent (10312).
4. The cell as defined in claim 1, wherein: the maximum length of the connecting piece (2) is smaller than the maximum displacement distance of the safety valve main body (3).
5. The cell as defined in claim 1, wherein: the notch (301) is arranged on one side of the safety valve main body (3) away from the top cover (103).
CN202411046380.2A 2024-08-01 2024-08-01 Battery safety valve and single battery Active CN118572300B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202411046380.2A CN118572300B (en) 2024-08-01 2024-08-01 Battery safety valve and single battery

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202411046380.2A CN118572300B (en) 2024-08-01 2024-08-01 Battery safety valve and single battery

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CN118572300B true CN118572300B (en) 2024-11-08

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN211578857U (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-09-25 深圳市科达利实业股份有限公司 Battery explosion-proof structure, battery apron and battery
CN219144396U (en) * 2022-11-23 2023-06-06 浙江伏打科技有限公司 Explosion-proof valve, battery top cover assembly and aluminum shell battery of square aluminum shell battery

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103515549A (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-15 朱佳慧 Storage battery cover with improved safety valve
CN206022439U (en) * 2016-04-08 2017-03-15 广州力电宝电子科技有限公司 A kind of rupture pressure disc and the integrally formed power battery explosion protection top cover of coping plate
CN213184502U (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-05-11 昆山宝创新能源科技有限公司 Explosion-proof sheet for square battery, cover plate with explosion-proof sheet and square battery

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN211578857U (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-09-25 深圳市科达利实业股份有限公司 Battery explosion-proof structure, battery apron and battery
CN219144396U (en) * 2022-11-23 2023-06-06 浙江伏打科技有限公司 Explosion-proof valve, battery top cover assembly and aluminum shell battery of square aluminum shell battery

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