CN118549130A - Linear bearing testing machine and linear bearing testing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a linear bearing testing machine and a linear bearing testing method, which can more accurately simulate the linear operation of a linear bearing under different load states so as to test the preset load and/or the preset reciprocating stroke of the linear bearing. This linear bearing testing machine includes: base, axle bar mount pad, pressurizing mechanism and pressure sensor. The shaft rod mounting seat comprises a first moving mechanism and two shaft rod fixing mechanisms, wherein the first moving mechanism is arranged on the base and can reciprocate along the central axis directions of the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms. The pressurizing mechanism is provided with a pressurizing head and a second moving mechanism, the pressurizing head is arranged above the shaft rod mounting seat, one end of the second moving mechanism is fixed with the pressurizing head, and the other end of the second moving mechanism can move along the up-down direction. And the second moving mechanism of the pressurizing mechanism moves upwards or downwards according to the detection result of the pressure sensor so as to adjust the load applied by the pressurizing head.

Description

Linear bearing testing machine and linear bearing testing method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of bearing testing, and in particular to a linear bearing testing machine and a linear bearing testing method.

Background Art

Linear bearings are a type of support component for linear motion, used in conjunction with cylindrical shafts of linear travel. Linear bearings have the advantages of low friction, stable operation, and no change with bearing speed. They can achieve high sensitivity and high precision reciprocating linear motion. As a key basic mechanical component, linear bearings are widely used in precision equipment or special machinery industries such as electronic equipment, medical machinery, robots, and digital three-dimensional coordinate measuring equipment. Their operating status directly affects the working performance, reliability, and life of the equipment.

As linear bearings are gradually used in rail transit, the verification requirements for bearing durability are becoming increasingly high, especially for the service life test of linear bearings under a certain load. In this regard, patent CN212458878U proposes a linear bearing life test device, which can drive the bearing to reciprocate on the optical axis through the linear reciprocating motion of the linear reciprocating mechanism, and by setting a counterweight box, it can also test the service life of the linear bearing under a certain load.

However, due to the deadweight of components such as the counterweight box, it is difficult to test the linear bearing under a lower load, and it is difficult to accurately control the pressure load actually applied to the surface of the linear bearing only by adding counterweights to the counterweight box.

Summary of the invention

In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a linear bearing testing machine and a linear bearing testing method, which can more accurately simulate the linear operation of the linear bearing under different load conditions to test the linear bearing with a preset load and/or a preset reciprocating stroke.

The first aspect of the present invention provides a linear bearing testing machine, comprising: a base, a shaft rod mounting seat, a pressurizing mechanism and a pressure sensor. The shaft rod mounting seat comprises a first moving mechanism and two shaft rod fixing mechanisms, the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms are relatively arranged on the first moving mechanism, and the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms are coaxially arranged, the first moving mechanism is arranged on the base, and can reciprocate along the central axis direction of the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms.

The pressurizing mechanism has a pressurizing head and a second moving mechanism. The pressurizing head is arranged above the shaft rod mounting seat, and the lower surface of the pressurizing head is arranged corresponding to the central axis of the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms. One end of the second moving mechanism is fixed to the pressurizing head, and the other end can move in the up and down direction.

The pressure sensor detects the pressure on the lower surface of the pressure head. The second moving mechanism of the pressure mechanism moves up or down according to the detection result of the pressure sensor to adjust the load applied by the pressure head.

According to the technical solution of the present invention, the shaft rod with the bearing to be tested is first installed on the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms of the shaft rod mounting seat, and then the second moving mechanism of the pressurizing mechanism controls the pressurizing head to press down on the bearing to be tested. According to the preset load value, the pressurizing head is first pressed down to the first position, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure on the contact surface between the pressurizing head and the bearing to be tested, and compares the actual load with the preset load. According to the comparison result, the second moving mechanism moves up or down to adjust the load applied by the pressurizing head, and the pressurizing head moves to the second position, so that the actual load applied by the pressurizing head is equal to the preset load. Finally, the first moving mechanism is turned on to control the relative movement of the bearing to be tested and the shaft rod, so as to simulate the linear operation of the linear bearing under different load conditions, so as to test the linear bearing with a preset load and/or a preset reciprocating stroke.

The method of applying load by pressing down the pressure head and automatically correcting the load after pressing down can overcome the problem that the pressure mechanism is not suitable for testing lighter loads due to its own weight. The linear bearing testing machine provided in this application can be suitable for simulation testing needs of different loads of various linear bearings, and through secondary correction of the load actually applied to the surface of the bearing to be tested, it can ensure that the actual load applied by the pressure head to the bearing to be tested is equal to the preset load, so that the test results of the linear bearing are more accurate.

As a preferred technical solution, the lower surface of the pressure head is concave in the direction of the central axis between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms to form a fixing groove.

According to the preferred technical solution, the setting of the fixed groove can increase the contact area between the pressure head and the surface of the bearing to be tested. On the one hand, it can make the applied load more uniform and improve the accuracy of the test. On the other hand, it can also increase the friction between the lower surface of the pressure head and the surface of the bearing to be tested, so that the bearing to be tested can be more stable during the test.

As a preferred technical solution, the cross section of the fixing groove is an inverted V shape.

According to the preferred technical solution, the inverted V-shaped fixing groove enables the lower surface of the pressure head to be suitable for bearings to be tested with a wider range of diameters, thereby increasing the types of bearings that can be tested by the linear bearing testing machine.

As a preferred technical solution, the shaft rod mounting seat also includes an adjustable screw, the adjustable screw is arranged on the first moving mechanism, and the shaft rod fixing mechanism is movably arranged at both ends of the adjustable screw and is threadedly connected to the adjustable screw.

According to the preferred technical solution, the shaft rod fixing mechanism is movably arranged at both ends of the adjustable lead screw and is threadedly connected to the adjustable lead screw, so that the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms can be controlled to move closer to or farther away from each other by rotating the adjustable lead screw, so that the linear bearing testing machine provided in the present application can be suitable for various models of shaft rods, and can also be suitable for more types of bearing tests.

As a preferred technical solution, the shaft rod mounting seat also includes an adjusting wheel, and the adjusting wheel is fixed to the end of the adjustable screw.

According to this preferred technical solution, it is further convenient for the user to adjust the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms to move closer to or farther away from each other by manually rotating the adjustment wheel.

As a preferred technical solution, the shaft rod fixing mechanism includes: a shaft rod placement seat and an elastic fixing buckle, the upper end of the shaft rod placement seat is formed as an upwardly open V-shaped groove, one end of the elastic fixing buckle is rotatably connected to one side edge of the V-shaped groove, and the other end is detachably fixed to the other side edge of the V-shaped groove.

According to the preferred technical solution, the upper end of the shaft rod placement seat is formed into an upwardly open V-shaped groove, so that shaft rods within a certain range of diameters from small to large can be placed in the V-shaped groove, which increases the compatibility of the linear bearing testing machine with shaft rods of different diameters. In addition, one end of the elastic fixing buckle is rotatably connected to one side edge of the V-shaped groove, and the other end is detachably fixed to the other side edge of the V-shaped groove. Therefore, when the shaft rod needs to be installed, it is only necessary to place the shaft rod in the V-shaped groove and rotate and fix the elastic fixing buckle to the other side edge of the V-shaped groove. The elasticity of the elastic fixing buckle itself can press and fix the shaft rod in the V-shaped groove. When the test is completed, it is only necessary to disassemble the elastic fixing buckle to conveniently take out the shaft rod. The fixation is reliable and the disassembly and assembly are convenient.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a linear bearing testing method, which is applicable to a linear bearing testing machine as in any of the above technical solutions, and comprises the following steps:

The shaft rod installation step is to fix the shaft rod with the bearing to be tested in the shaft rod installation seat;

Preset the test stroke step, measure and adjust the length of the shaft rod between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms, and calculate the preset test stroke of the first moving mechanism;

In a load application step, the second moving mechanism moves downward, and the pressure head is pressed down to the surface of the bearing to be tested mounted on the shaft rod to apply a preset load;

The measuring step is to start the first moving mechanism, and the first moving mechanism controls the shaft rod fixing mechanism to move back and forth according to a preset test stroke;

The load adjustment step compares the detection result of the pressure sensor on the lower surface of the pressure head with the preset load, and moves the second moving mechanism up or down according to the comparison result to adjust the load applied by the pressure head.

The linear bearing testing method further comprises: an alignment step, before the load applying step, adjusting the first moving mechanism so that the bearing to be tested mounted on the shaft rod is located directly below the pressure applying head.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a linear bearing testing machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred shaft rod mounting seat provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred pressurizing mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a linear bearing testing method provided by a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 100 - shaft rod; 200 - bearing to be tested;

1-base; 10-operating surface; 2-shaft rod mounting seat; 21-shaft rod fixing mechanism; 211-shaft rod placement seat; 212-elastic fixing buckle; 22-first moving mechanism; 23-adjustable screw; 24-adjusting wheel; 3-pressing mechanism; 31-pressing head; 311-fixing groove; 32-second moving mechanism; 321-bracket; 3211-first platform; 3212-second platform; 322-moving part; 3221-pressing track; 3222-pressing platform; 323-first spring; 324-second spring; 325-pressing rod.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

First of all, it should be noted that the composition, working principle, characteristics and advantages of the linear bearing testing machine and the linear bearing testing method according to the present application will be explained in an illustrative manner below, but it should be understood that all descriptions are given for illustration only and should not be construed as forming any limitation on the present application.

In addition, for any single technical feature described or implied in the embodiments mentioned in this document, or any single technical feature displayed or implied in the accompanying drawings, the present application still allows for continued arbitrary combination or deletion between these technical features (or their equivalents) without any technical obstacles, thereby obtaining more other embodiments of the present application that may not be directly mentioned in this document.

It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms "upper" and "lower" indicating positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present application more vividly, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

First embodiment

In the first embodiment of the present invention, a linear bearing tester is provided, and Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the linear bearing tester. As shown in Fig. 1, the linear bearing tester includes a base 1, a shaft rod mounting seat 2, a pressurizing mechanism 3 and a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure).

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the base 1 is used to fix and support the entire linear bearing testing machine. Generally speaking, the upper surface of the base 1 is an operating surface 10 , and the shaft rod mounting seat 2 and the pressurizing mechanism 3 are both arranged on the operating surface 10 of the base 1 .

The shaft rod mounting seat 2 is used to fix the shaft rod 100. Since the test of the bearing to be tested requires reciprocating movement on the shaft rod 100, the shaft rod 100 with the bearing to be tested 200 installed needs to be fixed on the shaft rod mounting seat 2 first. In order to avoid affecting the movement of the bearing on the shaft rod 100, the shaft rod mounting seat 2 has two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 and a first moving mechanism 22. The two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 are relatively arranged on the first moving mechanism 22, so that the shaft rod 100 can be fixed from both ends of the shaft rod 100. When the shaft rod 100 is fixed between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21, the central axis of the shaft rod 100 coincides with the central axis of the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21. Among them, the fixing method of the shaft rod 100 is not limited here, and it is preferably installed and fixed in a detachable manner. For example, the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 can have a card interface that matches the diameter size of the shaft rod 100. The shaft rod 100 is fixed in the shaft rod fixing mechanism 21 by snapping the shaft rod 100 into the card joint. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the shaft rod 100 can also be fixed by threaded fixation, magnetic fixation, etc.

The first movable mechanism 22 is arranged on the base 1, and can drive the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 to reciprocate at the same time, and when the first movable mechanism 22 moves, the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 are relatively stationary, so that when performing bearing testing, the first movable mechanism 22 can drive the shaft rod 100 to reciprocate along the central axis direction of the shaft rod 100, and the shaft rod fixing mechanism 21 can keep the shaft rod 100 stable during the test, and when the bearing 200 to be tested remains stationary, the moving distance of the first movable mechanism 22 can be regarded as the test stroke of the bearing on the shaft rod 100.

The pressure mechanism 3 is used to apply a load to the bearing 200 to be tested, and fix the bearing 200 to be tested by the friction between the pressure mechanism 3 and the bearing 200 to be tested, so that the bearing 200 to be tested remains stationary, so that the test stroke of the bearing 200 to be tested can be controlled by controlling the moving distance of the first moving mechanism 22. The pressure mechanism 3 has a pressure head 31 and a second moving mechanism 32. The pressure head 31 is arranged above the shaft rod mounting seat 2, and the lower surface of the pressure head 31 corresponds to the central axis of the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21. The shape of the pressure head 31 is not limited. Generally speaking, the shape of the lower surface of the pressure head 31 should match the shape of the bearing surface to increase the contact area with the bearing, so as to facilitate the pressure head 31 to evenly apply a load to the bearing 200 to be tested, and can increase the friction between the pressure head 31 and the bearing 200 to be tested, which is more conducive to the pressure head 31 to stably fix the bearing 200 to be tested.

One end of the second moving mechanism 32 is fixedly connected to the pressure head 31, and the other end can move in the up-down direction. The second moving mechanism 32 can be a moving track arranged in the up-down direction, and the pressure head 31 is arranged along the moving track, or the second moving mechanism 32 can also be a combination structure of a moving track and a spring, and the elastic force of the spring can make the moving distance of the moving track and the ratio of the applied load better controlled, and the above does not exceed the protection scope of this application. The pressure head 31 can be controlled to be pressed down or moved up by the second moving mechanism 32 to control the load size applied by the pressure head 31 to the bearing 200 to be tested.

The pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) is used to detect the pressure on the lower surface of the pressure head 31. Since the lower surface of the pressure head 31 abuts against the surface of the bearing 200 to be tested to apply a load during the test, the pressure measured by the pressure sensor is the pressure of the contact surface between the pressure head 31 and the bearing 200 to be tested, that is, the actual load applied by the pressure head 31 to the bearing 200 to be tested. The pressure sensor can be arranged inside the pressure head 31, or on the surface of the pressure head 31, or the pressure value of the lower surface of the pressure head 31 can be detected by other linkage mechanisms. There is no limitation here. As long as the solution can detect the pressure on the lower surface of the pressure head 31, it belongs to the protection scope of this application. Through the detection of the pressure sensor, the second moving mechanism 32 of the pressurizing mechanism 3 moves up or down according to the detection result of the pressure sensor to adjust the load applied by the pressurizing head 31. Specifically, the detection result of the pressure sensor and the preset load are compared. If the detection result is less than the preset load, the second moving mechanism 32 is controlled to move downward to increase the load applied by the pressurizing head 31 until the detection result is equal to the preset load, that is, the actual load is equal to the preset load; if the detection result is greater than the preset load, the second moving mechanism 32 is controlled to move upward to reduce the load applied by the pressurizing head 31 until the detection result is equal to the preset load, that is, the actual load is equal to the preset load.

In this embodiment, the shaft rod 100 with the bearing 200 to be tested is first installed on the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 of the shaft rod mounting seat 2, and then the second moving mechanism 32 of the pressurizing mechanism 3 controls the pressurizing head 31 to press down on the bearing 200 to be tested. According to the preset load value, the pressurizing head 31 is first pressed down to the first position, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure on the contact surface between the pressurizing head 31 and the bearing 200 to be tested, and compares the actual load with the preset load. According to the comparison result, the second moving mechanism 32 moves up or down to adjust the load applied by the pressurizing head 31, so that the actual load applied by the pressurizing head 31 is equal to the preset load. Finally, the first moving mechanism 22 is turned on to control the relative movement of the bearing 200 to be tested and the shaft rod 100, so as to simulate the linear operation of the linear bearing under different load conditions, so as to test the linear bearing with a preset load and/or a preset reciprocating stroke.

The method of applying the load by pressing the pressure head 31 downward, combined with the method of automatic load correction after pressing down, can overcome the problem in the prior art that the linear bearing testing machine cannot be used for testing scenarios with lighter loads due to the deadweight of the pressure mechanism 3. The linear bearing testing machine provided in the present application can be suitable for simulation testing requirements of various linear bearings with different loads, and through secondary correction of the actual applied load, it can ensure that the actual applied load of the pressure head 31 on the bearing 200 to be tested is equal to the preset load, so that the test result of the linear bearing is more accurate.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred shaft rod mounting seat provided in this embodiment. In combination with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 , the shaft rod mounting seat 2 comprises a first moving mechanism 22 , a shaft rod fixing mechanism 21 , an adjustable lead screw 23 and an adjusting wheel 24 .

Among them, the first moving mechanism 22 can preferably be formed as a moving track arranged along the central axis direction of the shaft rod 100, and the adjustable screw 23 can be movably arranged on the first moving mechanism 22. The shaft rod fixing mechanism 21 is threadedly connected with the adjustable screw 23, so that the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 can be controlled to approach or move away from each other by rotating the adjustable screw 23. Furthermore, an adjusting wheel 24 can be fixedly arranged at the ends of both ends of the adjustable screw 23, so that the user can adjust the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 to approach or move away from each other by manually turning the adjusting wheel 24, so that the linear bearing testing machine provided in the present application can be suitable for various models of shaft rods 100, and can also be suitable for more types of bearing tests.

FIG. 2 also shows an example of a preferred structure of a shaft rod fixing mechanism 21, which includes a shaft rod placement seat 211 and an elastic fixing buckle 212. The upper end of the shaft rod placement seat 211 is formed into an upwardly open V-shaped groove, so that shaft rods 100 within a certain range of diameters from small to large can be placed in the V-shaped groove, further increasing the adaptability of the linear bearing tester to shaft rods 100 of different diameters. In addition, one end of the elastic fixing buckle 212 is rotatably connected to one side edge of the V-shaped groove, and the other end is detachably fixed to the other side edge of the V-shaped groove. Therefore, when the shaft rod 100 needs to be installed, it is only necessary to place the shaft rod 100 in the V-shaped groove and rotate and fix the elastic fixing buckle 212 to the other side edge of the V-shaped groove. The elasticity of the elastic fixing buckle 212 itself can press and fix the shaft rod 100 in the V-shaped groove. After the test is completed, it is only necessary to disassemble the elastic fixing buckle 212 to conveniently remove the shaft rod 100, and the fixing is reliable and convenient to disassemble and assemble.

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred pressurizing mechanism provided in the present embodiment. In combination with FIG1 and FIG3 , it includes a second moving mechanism 32 and a pressurizing head 31. FIG3 illustrates an example of a preferred second moving mechanism 32 and a pressurizing head 31 structure, wherein the second moving mechanism 32 includes a bracket 321 and a moving part 322, wherein the bracket 321 is fixed on the base 1, and the upper end of the bracket 321 has a first platform 3211 and a second platform 3212 extending above the bearing fixing mechanism, the first platform 3211 and the second platform 3212 are arranged in parallel, and the first platform 3211 is above the second platform 3212. The moving part 322 is formed into a pressing rail 3221, a pressing platform 3222 and a pressurizing head 31 from top to bottom, wherein the pressing rail 3221 is arranged through the first platform 3211, so that it can be stably pressed down in the up and down directions under the restriction of the first rail.

The lower end of the pressing track 3221 is fixed to the pressing platform 3222. The pressing platform 3222 is arranged between the first platform 3211 and the second platform 3212, and the pressing platform 3222 and the second platform 3212 are elastically connected by the first spring 323 and the second spring 324. The first spring 323 is fixed in the middle between the pressing platform 3222 and the second platform 3212. The pressing platform 3222 presses down the first spring 323, which is compressed accordingly. The second spring 324 is respectively arranged on both sides of the pressing platform 3222. The pressing platform 3222 presses down the second spring 324, which is stretched accordingly to resist the downward pressure. This ensures that the load can be applied more evenly during the pressing process of the pressing platform 3222, and makes it easier to measure and calculate the load applied by the pressurizing mechanism 3. A pressing rod 325 is fixed under the pressing platform 3222, and the pressing rod 325 passes through the end of the second platform 3212 and is fixedly connected to the pressurizing head 31. Therefore, when the pressing platform 3222 is pressed downward, the pressing rod 325 extends through the end of the second platform 3212, driving the pressurizing head 31 to press downward.

Among them, preferably, the lower surface of the pressure head 31 is concave to form a fixing groove 311 corresponding to the central axis between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 (that is, the position where the shaft rod 100 is located). The setting of the fixing groove 311 can increase the contact area between the pressure head 31 and the surface of the bearing 200 to be tested. On the one hand, it can make the applied load more uniform and improve the accuracy of the test. On the other hand, it can also increase the friction between the lower surface of the pressure head 31 and the surface of the bearing 200 to be tested, so that the bearing 200 to be tested can be more stable during the test.

Furthermore, the cross section of the fixing groove 311 is inverted V-shaped. The inverted V-shaped fixing groove 311 can make the lower surface of the pressure head 31 applicable to a wider range of diameters of the bearings 200 to be tested, thereby increasing the types of bearings that can be tested by the linear bearing tester.

In this embodiment, the structure of a preferred shaft rod mounting seat 2 and a pressurizing mechanism 3 is described in more detail. For the shaft rod mounting seat 2, by adding an adjustable lead screw 23 and designing the shaft rod fixing mechanism 21, shaft rods 100 of various sizes can be stably and reliably fixed on the shaft rod fixing mechanism 21, and further, the distance between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 can be accurately adjusted by adjusting the rotating wheel 24, and by controlling the length of the shaft rod 100 between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21, the test stroke of the bearing 200 to be tested to move back and forth on the shaft rod 100 can be controlled. For the pressurizing mechanism 3, through the pressure transmission structure design of the multi-layer platform with multiple springs, the pressure generated when the pressing track 3221 is pressed down can be more evenly and stably transmitted to the pressurizing head 31, and there is a certain elastic space to avoid the rigid collision between the pressurizing head 31 and the surface of the bearing 200 to be tested, and the shape design of the lower surface of the pressurizing head 31 can further improve the types of linear bearings applicable to the linear bearing testing machine of the present application.

Second embodiment

FIG4 is a flow chart of a linear bearing testing method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. The linear bearing testing method comprises the following steps:

A shaft rod installation step S1, fixing the shaft rod 100 with the bearing 200 to be tested installed in the shaft rod installation seat 2;

Preset test stroke step S2, measuring and adjusting the length of the shaft rod 100 between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21, and calculating the preset test stroke of the first moving mechanism 22;

In the load application step S3, the second moving mechanism 32 moves downward, and the pressure head 31 presses down to the surface of the bearing 200 to be tested mounted on the shaft rod 100 to apply a preset load;

Load adjustment step S4, comparing the detection result of the pressure sensor with the preset load, and moving the second moving mechanism 32 up or down according to the comparison result to adjust the load applied by the pressure head 31;

In the measuring step S5 , the first moving mechanism 22 is turned on, and the first moving mechanism 22 controls the shaft rod fixing mechanism 21 to move back and forth according to a preset test stroke.

Also includes:

In the alignment step S6 , before the load application step, the first moving mechanism 22 is adjusted so that the bearing 200 to be tested mounted on the shaft rod 100 is located directly below the pressure head 31 .

Specifically, in combination with Figures 1 and 4, first perform the shaft rod installation step S1, fix the shaft rod 100 installed with the bearing 200 to be tested in the shaft rod mounting seat 2, and when the positions between the shaft rod fixing mechanism 21 and the shaft rod 100 do not correspond, rotate the adjustment hand wheel to adjust the distance between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21.

Then, the preset test stroke step S2 is performed to measure the length of the shaft rod 100 between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms 21 . Taking a length of 400 mm as an example, the preset test stroke of the first moving mechanism 22 is set to 100 mm.

Then, the alignment step S6 is performed to adjust the first moving mechanism 22 so that the pressure head 31 of the first moving mechanism 22 moves to the top of the bearing 200 to be tested, and then the load application step S3 is performed to set the preset load according to the size of the bearing 200 to be tested. Then, the second moving mechanism 32 moves downward, and the pressure head 31 is pressed down to the surface of the bearing 200 to be tested to apply the preset load.

Then, the load adjustment step S4 is executed, the pressure sensor detects the pressure of the lower surface of the pressure head 31 in contact with the bearing 200 to be tested, and compares the detection result of the pressure sensor with the preset load. According to the comparison result, the second moving mechanism 32 is moved up or down to adjust the load applied by the pressure head 31 to be equal to the preset load.

Finally, execute the measurement step S5, start the first moving mechanism 22, and control the shaft rod fixing mechanism 21 to reciprocate according to the preset test stroke. According to the needs, the total reciprocating stroke under a certain load can be set, and the damage degree of the bearing can be tested after completion. Alternatively, the damage degree of the bearing under a certain load can be set, and the total reciprocating stroke after reaching the damage degree can be tested.

In some preferred embodiments, there may also be a pressure collection step. While the measurement step S5 is being performed, the pressure collection is turned on to collect and image the pressure changes on the lower surface of the pressure head 31 in real time. The real-time operation status of the bearing can be compared and judged based on the pressure image.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A linear bearing testing machine, characterized by comprising: Pedestal; The shaft rod mounting seat comprises a first moving mechanism and two shaft rod fixing mechanisms, wherein the shaft rod fixing mechanisms are relatively arranged on the first moving mechanism and the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms are coaxially arranged, and the first moving mechanism is arranged on a base and can reciprocate along the central axis direction of the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms; A pressurizing mechanism, comprising a pressurizing head and a second moving mechanism, wherein the pressurizing head is arranged above the shaft rod mounting seat, and the lower surface of the pressurizing head is arranged corresponding to the central axis of the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms, and one end of the second moving mechanism is fixed to the pressurizing head, and the other end can move in the up-down direction; A pressure sensor detects the pressure on the lower surface of the pressure head, The second moving mechanism of the pressurizing mechanism moves up or down according to the detection result of the pressure sensor to adjust the load applied by the pressurizing head. 2. The linear bearing testing machine as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the lower surface of the pressure head is concave to form a fixing groove corresponding to the central axis between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms. 3 . The linear bearing testing machine as described in claim 2 , wherein the cross-section of the fixing groove is an inverted V shape. 4. The linear bearing testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the shaft rod mounting seat further comprises: An adjustable lead screw is arranged on the first moving mechanism, and the shaft rod fixing mechanism is movably arranged at both ends of the adjustable lead screw and is threadedly connected to the adjustable lead screw. 5. The linear bearing testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the shaft rod mounting seat further comprises: An adjusting wheel is fixed to the end of the adjustable lead screw. 6. The linear bearing testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the shaft rod fixing mechanism comprises: A shaft rod placement seat, wherein the upper end of the shaft rod placement seat is formed into a V-shaped groove opening upward; An elastic fixing buckle has one end rotatably connected to one side edge of the V-shaped groove, and the other end detachably fixed to the other side edge of the V-shaped groove. 7. A linear bearing testing method, applicable to the linear bearing testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: The shaft rod installation step is to fix the shaft rod with the bearing to be tested in the shaft rod installation seat; A preset test stroke step is performed to measure and adjust the length of the shaft rod between the two shaft rod fixing mechanisms, and calculate a preset test stroke of the first moving mechanism; In a load application step, the second moving mechanism moves downward, and the pressure head is pressed down to the surface of the bearing to be tested mounted on the shaft rod to apply a preset load; a load adjustment step, comparing the detection result of the pressure sensor on the lower surface of the pressure head with the preset load, and moving the second moving mechanism upward or downward according to the comparison result to adjust the load applied by the pressure head; The measuring step is to start the first moving mechanism, and the first moving mechanism controls the shaft rod fixing mechanism to move back and forth according to the preset test stroke. 8. The linear bearing testing method according to claim 7, further comprising: An alignment step, before the load applying step, adjusting the first moving mechanism so that the bearing to be tested mounted on the shaft rod is located directly below the pressure applying head.