CN118518414A - Rock-soil layered sampling device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a rock and soil stratified sampling device and method, which are arranged on a drill pipe of a drilling rig and include an outer tube and a drill bit, wherein the outer tube is coaxially connected to one end of the drill pipe, and the drill bit is arranged at the end of the outer tube away from the drill pipe; a sampler storage chamber and a sample storage chamber are vertically arranged in the outer tube, a plurality of sampling clips are stacked in the sampler storage chamber, and the sample storage chamber is used to stack the sampling clips that have completed sampling; the sampling clips are transported to the drill bit through a transport seat, and the sampling clips that have completed sampling are transported to the bottom of the sampler storage chamber, and then the driven arm is lifted into the sampler storage chamber in cooperation with a driving component, so that multiple samples can be collected; sampling can be carried out at multiple stratum depths, the adjacent sampling intervals are controllable, the sampling efficiency is high, the sampling operation is simple and convenient, and can be automatically controlled; the device solves the problems that the sampling interval of the existing stratified sampling device is fixed and cannot be arbitrarily controlled, and the sampling depth and quantity are limited when sampling the same target position.

Description

A rock and soil layer sampling device and method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil sampling equipment, and in particular to a rock and soil stratified sampling device and method.

Background Art

When geological exploration needs to understand the physical and chemical properties of different strata or rocks more accurately, stratified sampling is used. Stratified sampling is a sampling method in which the population is divided into non-intersecting layers, and then a certain number of individuals are independently extracted from each layer according to a certain proportion. This method is particularly suitable when there are significant differences between different strata or rocks, and these differences have an important impact on the exploration objectives (such as mineral reserves, geological structures, hydrological conditions, etc.).

The invention patent with the existing application number CN2022112846951 discloses a soil-rock mixture layered sampling device for geotechnical engineering, the device includes a bracket, a mounting plate is slidably connected in the bracket, a first driving member fixed to the mounting plate is symmetrically installed in the bracket, a positioning frame is slidably connected to the mounting plate, a second driving member is installed in the positioning frame, a tensioning assembly is slidably connected to the positioning frame, the mounting plate is rotatably connected to the mounting frame, and a first driven shaft is slidably connected in the mounting frame. The invention drives the toothed plate transmission gear to cooperate with the rack by moving the moving block downward, so that the first driven shaft and the second driven shaft drive the storage shell to approach the inner wall of the borehole, the first driven shaft rotates through the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear to rotate the storage shell, the storage shell moves and rotates to drill the soil, and the purpose of layered sampling is achieved, and repeated drilling sampling is not required, which improves the sampling efficiency; but there are still some shortcomings. First, the sampling interval is fixed and cannot be arbitrarily controlled. At the same time, when sampling the same target position, the depth and quantity of sampling are limited.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a rock and soil stratified sampling device and method, which solves the problems that the sampling interval of the existing stratified sampling device is fixed and cannot be arbitrarily controlled, and the sampling depth and quantity are limited when sampling the same target position.

The embodiment of the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a rock and soil layer sampling device, arranged on a drill pipe of a sampling drill, comprising an outer tube and a drill bit, wherein the outer tube is coaxially connected to one end of the drill pipe, and the drill bit is arranged at one end of the outer tube away from the drill pipe;

A sampler storage cavity and a sample storage cavity are vertically arranged in the outer tube, a plurality of sampling clips are stacked in the sampler storage cavity, and the sample storage cavity is used to stack the sampling clips that have completed sampling;

The sampling clip comprises a tube body and a tube cap connected to each other, a first cavity is opened at the axis of the tube cap, the inner diameter of the first cavity is smaller than the outer diameter of the tube body, and two first grooves are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity; two raised positioning blocks are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction on the tube cap;

Two first slide grooves are vertically symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the sampler storage cavity, and the two positioning blocks are slidably placed in the two first slide grooves; two second slide grooves are vertically symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the sample storage cavity, and two second slide grooves are extended from the two positioning blocks; the connecting line of the two second slide grooves is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two first slide grooves;

The inner bottom of the outer tube is provided with a bottom plate, two partitions are vertically spaced apart on the bottom plate, a transport seat is slidably provided between the two partitions, the transport seat is located below the sampler storage cavity and the sample storage cavity and moves between the two; a drive cavity is vertically penetrated on the transport seat, a drive groove is vertically provided at one end of the transport seat close to the sample storage cavity, and the sampling clip can be engaged with the drive cavity and the drive groove;

Two third slide grooves are vertically symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the driving cavity, and the two third slide grooves correspond to the two first slide grooves. A fourth slide groove is vertically arranged at the bottom of the driving groove, and two positioning grooves are symmetrically arranged at the top of the driving groove, and the connecting line of the two positioning grooves is parallel to the connecting line of the two second slide grooves.

A receiving cavity is provided through the axis of the drill bit, a through hole is provided at the center of the bottom plate, the through hole is communicated with the receiving cavity, the receiving cavity is located between the sampler storage cavity and the sample storage cavity, and the center distance between the receiving cavity and the sampler storage cavity is the same as the center distance between the drive cavity and the drive slot;

The rock and soil stratified sampling device also includes a driving assembly, a driving rod and a driving seat, the driving rod is coaxially arranged in the outer tube, the driving assembly is located above the driving rod and is used to drive the driving rod to move and rotate vertically, and two protruding driving blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the driving rod; the driving seat is vertically slidably arranged between the sampler storage cavity and the sample storage cavity, a second cavity is vertically penetrated on the driving seat, and two second grooves are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the second cavity, the second cavity is slidably matched with the driving rod, and the two driving blocks can successively pass through the two second grooves and the two first grooves and then enter the tube body;

Two first racks are horizontally arranged on both sides of the transport seat, and first rotating shafts are rotatably arranged on the two partitions, and first gears and second gears are rotatably arranged at both ends of the first rotating shafts, and the two first gears are respectively meshed with the two first racks; two second racks are vertically arranged on both sides of the drive seat, and the two second racks are respectively meshed with the two second gears;

Two driving arms are spaced apart on one side of the driving seat close to the sample storage cavity, and the two driving arms act on the two positioning blocks respectively to transport the sampling clip located below the sample storage cavity after taking the sample into the sample storage cavity.

Furthermore, the rock and soil layered sampling device also includes a slide rod and a return spring, two rows of guide members are arranged between the two partitions, and the driving cavity and the driving groove are located between the two rows of guide members;

Each row of the guide members includes a plurality of slide bars vertically spaced apart, the slide bars are horizontally arranged, and the transport seat is slidably arranged on the slide bars; a return spring is slidably sleeved on the slide bars, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively abutted against the outer tube and one end of the transport seat close to the sample storage cavity.

Furthermore, the rock and soil stratification sampling device also includes a lifting platform, which is arranged on the bottom plate between the two partitions, and a first wedge surface is provided at one end of the lifting platform close to the transport seat; the width of the lifting platform is smaller than the width of the driving groove.

Further, a driving bar is provided on each side of the two driving arms close to each other, the driving bar and the driving arm form an L shape, the driving bar is located at one end of the driving arm away from the driving seat, and a second wedge surface is provided on one end of the driving bar close to the driving seat, and the second wedge surface is parallel to the first wedge surface;

The distance between the two driving arms is greater than the distance between the outer walls of the two positioning blocks, and the distance between the two driving strips is greater than the outer diameter of the sample storage cavity but less than the distance between the outer walls of the two positioning blocks.

Further, the driving assembly includes a screw rod coaxially arranged with the driving rod, and a slide seat is arranged at both upper and lower ends of the screw rod, and the slide seat is slidably arranged between the sampler storage cavity and the sample storage cavity, and the upper end of the driving rod is rotatably connected to the slide seat located below;

A first bearing seat is provided between the sampler storage cavity and the sample storage cavity, a first driving wheel is rotatably provided on the first bearing seat, the first driving wheel is sleeved on the screw and matched with the screw thread;

A guide seat and a second bearing seat are fixedly provided between the sampler storage cavity and the sample storage cavity, the guide seat and the second bearing seat are both located below the slide seat, and the drive rod slides through the guide seat;

A second driving wheel is rotatably arranged on the second bearing seat, and the second driving wheel is slidably sleeved on the driving rod and spline-connected to the driving rod;

A first reducer and a second reducer are disposed in the outer tube. The first reducer is drivingly connected to the first drive wheel, and the second reducer is drivingly connected to the second drive wheel.

Furthermore, a plurality of first spring pins are embedded in the outer tube, the first spring pins are located at the bottom of the sampler storage cavity, the telescopic ends of the first spring pins extend toward the axis of the sampler storage cavity, and the telescopic ends of the first spring pins are located on the moving path of the transport seat;

A plurality of second spring pins are radially embedded in the sample storage cavity, the telescopic ends of the second spring pins extend into the sample storage cavity, and a third wedge surface is provided at the bottom of the telescopic ends of the second spring pins.

Furthermore, the drill bit also includes a hollow socket, which is coaxially arranged in the receiving cavity and the through hole, and two third grooves are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the socket. When the sampling magazine is engaged with the inner cavity of the socket, the two positioning blocks are respectively placed in the two third grooves.

Furthermore, a sealing cap is provided at one end of the tube body away from the tube cap, a third cavity is opened on the sealing cap, and the inner diameter of the third cavity is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube body; a sealing plate is slidably provided in the tube body.

Furthermore, a raised filling block is provided at the lower end of the sealing plate, and the filling block extends out of the third cavity.

Furthermore, a rock and soil stratified sampling method, using a rock and soil stratified sampling device, comprises the following steps:

S1. Select the target area, conduct a detailed geological survey of the target area, use geophysical exploration technology to detect the strata, obtain information such as stratum structure, thickness and lithology distribution, preliminarily judge the complexity of the strata and determine the reference range of multiple sampling depths;

S2. Determine a representative sampling location, set up a sampling drill after leveling the land, and install the sampling device on the drill pipe of the sampling drill;

S3, before drilling, the first drive wheel is driven to rotate by the first reducer, the screw rod and the drive rod are driven to move downward, and then the drive seat is driven to move downward, the drive seat cooperates with the second rack and the second gear to drive the first gear to rotate, and the first gear drives the transport seat to move toward the side of the sample storage cavity through the first rack meshed with it, until the drive cavity is coaxial with the receiving seat, so that the sampling clip in the drive cavity falls into the receiving seat, and then the second drive wheel is driven to rotate by the second reducer, and then the drive rod is driven to rotate, so that the two drive blocks are aligned with the two second grooves and pass through the drive seat, the drive seat is reset by the reset spring or the drive rod, and the next sampling clip falls into the drive cavity at the same time, and the drive rod continues to drive the downward movement, passes through the tube cap on the sampling clip on the receiving seat, enters the tube body and continues to move downward until it abuts against the sealing plate, and the sealing plate blocks the lower end of the tube body to prevent soil from entering the tube body during the drilling process;

S4, then drill downwards through the sampling drill, and after reaching the first target drilling depth, the driving rod withdraws from the sampling clip and rotates, so that the two driving blocks are misaligned with the two first grooves, and then abut against the sampling clip, and then continue to drill downwards so that the target rock and soil enter the sampling clip;

S5, after the sampling clip is loaded with a proper amount of sample, the driving rod enters into the tube cap to move the entire sampling clip upward, and after reaching the position of the driving slot, the sampling clip is rotated so that the two positioning blocks are placed in the two positioning grooves on the driving slot, and then the driving rod withdraws from the sampling clip and resets to the top of the driving seat;

S6, repeating steps S3-S5, when the driving rod drives the transport seat to move through the driving seat, a new sampling clip is transported to the position of the receiving seat, and at the same time, the sampling clip on the driving slot that has completed sampling is moved closer to the sample storage cavity, and at the same time, the sampling clip is lifted by the lifting platform, so that the two positioning blocks of the sampling clip are moved to the top of the driving bar, and then the sampling clip that has completed sampling is lifted to the sample storage cavity by the two driving arms while the driving seat moves upward to drive the transport seat to reset, until the bottom end of the sampling clip is abutted by a plurality of second spring pins to prevent it from falling off;

S7. Repeat steps S3-S6 until all target depth samples at the position are collected, and then collect samples at the next target position.

The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. A sampler storage chamber and a sample storage chamber are vertically arranged in the outer tube. A plurality of sampling clips are stacked in the sampler storage chamber, and the sample storage chamber is used to stack the sampling clips that have completed sampling. The sampling clips are transported to the drill bit through the transport seat, and the sampling clips that have completed sampling are transported to the bottom of the sampler storage chamber. Then, in cooperation with the driving assembly, the driven arm is lifted into the sampler storage chamber, so that multiple samples can be collected.

2. At the same drilling position, with the help of the sampling drill, sampling can be carried out at multiple formation depths. The spacing between adjacent samples is controllable, the sampling efficiency is high, the sampling operation is simple and convenient, and can be automatically controlled.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rock and soil layer sampling device provided by the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sampling clip in a rock and soil layer sampling device provided by the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rock and soil layer sampling device provided by the present invention before sampling;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rock and soil layer sampling device provided by the present invention when a transport vehicle transports a sampling clip into a receiving seat during sampling;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rock and soil layered sampling device provided by the present invention when a driving rod starts to abut against a sealing plate;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rock and soil layer sampling device provided by the present invention, in which a driving rod lifts a sampling clip after sampling to a driving slot;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the cross section at A-A in FIG6 ;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rock and soil stratified sampling device provided by the present invention, in which a transport seat transports an empty sampling cartridge to a receiving seat and transports a sampling cartridge after sampling to the bottom of a sample storage cavity;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the cross section at B-B in Fig. 8;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first gear and the first rack when the transport seat of the soil layer sampling device provided by the present invention transports an empty sampling magazine to the receiving seat and transports the sampling magazine after sampling to the bottom of the sample storage cavity;

FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the cross section at C-C in FIG10 ;

FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock and soil layered sampling device provided by the present invention, in which a drilling drive rod abuts against a sealing plate and a drive seat to transport a sampling clip after sampling to a sample storage chamber;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the cross section at D-D in Fig. 1;

FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the cross section at E-E in FIG1 ;

Icons: 1. outer tube, 11. bottom plate, 12. partition, 13. through hole, 14. slide bar, 141. return spring, 15. lifting platform, 151. first wedge surface, 16. first spring pin, 2. drill bit, 21. receiving cavity, 22. receiving seat, 221. third groove, 3. sampler storage cavity, 31. first slide groove, 4. sample storage cavity, 41. second slide groove, 42. second spring pin, 421. third wedge surface, 5. sampling clip, 51. tube body, 52. tube cap, 521. first cavity, 522. first groove, 53. positioning block, 54. sealing cap, 541. third cavity, 55. sealing plate, 551. filling block, 6. transport seat, 61. drive Movable cavity, 611, third slide groove, 62, drive groove, 621, fourth slide groove, 622, positioning groove, 63, first rack, 64, first rotating shaft, 641, first gear, 642, second gear, 7, drive assembly, 71, drive rod, 711, drive block, 72, drive seat, 721, second cavity, 722, second groove, 73, second rack, 74, drive arm, 75, drive bar, 751, second wedge surface, 76, screw, 761, slide seat, 762, first bearing seat, 763, first drive wheel, 764, first reducer, 77, guide seat, 78, second bearing seat, 781, second drive wheel, 782, second reducer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

1 to 14 , the present embodiment provides a rock and soil stratified sampling device, which is coaxially arranged on the drill pipe of the sampling drill rig, and includes an outer tube 1 and a drill bit 2. The outer tube 1 is coaxially connected to one end of the drill pipe, and the drill bit 2 is detachably arranged at an end of the outer tube 1 away from the drill pipe. The drill pipe drives the drill bit 2 to rotate through the outer tube 1, and then the drill bit 2 is used to expand the hole downward during drilling.

As shown in FIG1 , a sampler storage chamber 3 and a sample storage chamber 4 are vertically arranged in the outer tube 1. A plurality of sampling clips 5 are stacked in the sampler storage chamber 3. The sample storage chamber 4 is used to stack the sampling clips 5 that have completed sampling.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the sampling clip 5 includes a tube body 51 and a tube cap 52 that are connected to each other. A first cavity 521 is provided at the axis of the tube cap 52. The inner diameter of the first cavity 521 is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube body 51. Two first grooves 522 are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the first cavity 521. Two raised positioning blocks 53 are symmetrically provided along the radial direction of the tube cap 52. At the same time, a sealing cap 54 is provided at one end of the tube body 51 away from the tube cap 52. A third cavity 541 is provided on the sealing cap 54. The inner diameter of the third cavity 541 is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube body 51. A sealing plate 55 is slidably provided in the tube body 51.

During specific implementation, as shown in FIGS. 1-5 , a raised filling block 551 is provided at the lower end of the sealing plate 55, and the filling block 551 extends out of the third cavity 541, which is mainly used when the drill bit 2 is only drilling but sampling is not required. At the same time, the driving rod 71 moves downward to support the sealing plate 55 to prevent rock and soil from entering the sampling clip 5. During sampling, the sealing plate 55 can also prevent too much rock and soil from entering the outer tube 1 from the sampling clip 5, affecting subsequent use. When the sampling clip 5 completes sampling and is stacked in the sample storage cavity 4, the sealing plate 55 can also separate the upper and lower samples of different levels, preventing the rock and soil in the upper sampling clip 5 from falling into the rock and soil in the lower sampling clip 5, affecting the subsequent analysis of the sample.

As shown in Figures 1-6, two first slide grooves 31 are vertically symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the sampler storage chamber 3, and two positioning blocks 53 are slidably placed in the two first slide grooves 31, thereby limiting the orientation of the sampling clip 5, which is convenient for subsequent use; two second slide grooves 41 are vertically symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the sampler storage chamber 4, and when the tube cap 52 and the tube body 51 of the sampling clip 5 enter the sample storage chamber 4, the two positioning blocks 53 both extend two second slide grooves 41, which is convenient for the subsequent driving of the sampling clip 5 that has completed sampling to enter the sample storage chamber 4; at the same time, the connecting line of the two second slide grooves 41 is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two first slide grooves 31. As shown in the figure, the two first slide grooves 31 are distributed on the left and right sides of the inner wall of the sampler storage chamber 3, and the two second slide grooves 41 are distributed on the front and back sides of the sample storage chamber 4.

As shown in Figures 1-7, a bottom plate 11 is provided at the inner bottom of the outer tube 1, two partitions 12 are vertically spaced on the bottom plate 11, and a transport seat 6 is provided between the two partitions 12 to slide left and right, and the transport seat 6 is located below the sampler storage chamber 3 and the sample storage chamber 4 and moves between the two; a driving cavity 61 is vertically penetrated on the transport seat 6, and a driving groove 62 is vertically provided at one end of the transport seat 6 close to the sample storage chamber 4, and the sampling clip 5 can be engaged with the driving cavity 61 and the driving groove 62; the driving cavity 61 is used to transport the sampling clip 5 dropped from the sampler storage chamber 3 to the axis center of the outer tube 1, and then enter the drill bit 2 for sampling, and the driving groove 62 is used to transport the sampling clip 5 that has completed sampling from the drill bit 2 to the bottom of the sample storage chamber 4, so as to facilitate subsequent entry into the sample storage chamber 4.

More specifically, as shown in Figure 7, two third slide grooves 611 are vertically symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the driving cavity 61. The two third slide grooves 611 correspond to the two first slide grooves 31 and are also distributed in the left and right directions. After the sampling clip 5 falls into the driving cavity 61, the two positioning blocks 53 enter the two third slide grooves 611, thereby always limiting the orientation of the sampling clip 5, which is convenient for subsequent driving and use. A fourth slide groove 621 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the driving groove 62. The fourth slide groove 621 is located on the right side of the driving groove 62. It is used for the positioning block 53 located on the right side to slide out from the fourth slide groove 621 when the sampling clip 5 is withdrawn from the drill bit 2 after sampling is completed. Two positioning grooves 622 are symmetrically arranged at the top of the driving groove 62. The connecting line of the two positioning grooves 622 is parallel to the connecting line of the two second slide grooves 41. After the sampling clip 5 withdrawn from the drill bit 2 is rotated 90 degrees, the two positioning blocks 53 are placed in the two positioning grooves 622, which is convenient for subsequent driving.

As shown in Figures 1-6, a receiving cavity 21 is vertically penetrated at the axis of the drill bit 2. The receiving cavity 21 is coaxial with the outer tube 1, and a through hole 13 is opened at the center of the bottom plate 11. The through hole 13 is coaxially connected with the receiving cavity 21. At the same time, the receiving cavity 21 is located between the sampler storage cavity 3 and the sample storage cavity 4. The center distance between the receiving cavity 21 and the sampler storage cavity 3 is the same as the center distance between the driving cavity 61 and the driving groove 62; the drill bit 2 also includes a hollow receiving seat 22, which is coaxially arranged in the receiving cavity 21 and the through hole 13. The receiving seat 22 is interference fit with the receiving cavity 21 and can transmit torque when the drill bit 2 rotates. Two third grooves 221 are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the receiving seat 22. When the sampling clip 5 is engaged with the inner cavity of the receiving seat 22, the two positioning blocks 53 are respectively placed in the two third grooves 221, so that when the drill bit 2 rotates, the sampling clip 5 is driven to rotate synchronously.

As shown in Fig. 1-12, the rock and soil stratified sampling device also includes a driving assembly 7, a driving rod 71 and a driving seat 72. The driving rod 71 is arranged in the outer tube 1 for vertical coaxial sliding. The driving assembly 7 is located inside the outer tube 1 and is used to drive the driving rod 71 to move and rotate vertically. Two protruding driving blocks 711 are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the driving rod 71; the driving seat 72 is vertically slidably arranged between the sampler storage chamber 3 and the sample storage chamber 4. A second cavity 721 is vertically penetrated on the driving seat 72. Two second grooves 722 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the second cavity 721. The second cavity 721 is slidably matched with the driving rod 71. The two driving blocks 711 can successively pass through the two second grooves 722 and the two first grooves 522 and then enter the tube body 51;

More specifically, as shown in FIG1-10, two first racks 63 are horizontally arranged on both sides of the transport seat 6, and first rotating shafts 64 are rotatably arranged on both partitions 12. First gears 641 and second gears 642 are rotatably arranged at both ends of the first rotating shaft 64, and the two first gears 641 are respectively meshed with the two first racks 63; two second racks 73 are vertically arranged on both sides of the driving seat 72, and the two second racks 73 are respectively meshed with the two second gears 642; and then, when the driving seat 72 moves downward, the two second gears 642 are driven to rotate synchronously by the two second racks 73, and then the two first gears 641 drive the two first racks 63 to move, thereby driving the transport seat. 6 moves to the left, and when the transport seat 6 needs to move to the right to reset, it is only necessary to drive the driving seat 72 to move upward, and the driving seat 72 is driven up and down mainly by the driving rod 71. At the same time, the driving rod 71 is also used for the sampling clip 5 in the receiving seat 22 to enter its interior and abut against the sealing plate 55 before sampling to prevent unwanted rock and soil from entering the sampling clip 5 during the drilling process. At the same time, when the sampling clip 5 is sampling, a reaction force is provided to prevent the sampling clip 5 from falling off, and after the sampling is completed, the sampling clip 5 that has completed the sampling needs to be taken out from the receiving seat 22, pass through the driving slot 62 and rotate 90 degrees to place the two positioning blocks 53 in the two positioning grooves 622.

At the same time, as shown in Figures 1, 10 and 12, two driving arms 74 are spaced apart on one side of the driving seat 72 close to the sample storage chamber 4. The two driving arms 74 act on the two positioning blocks 53 respectively to transport the sampling clip 5 that has taken the sample below the sample storage chamber 4 into the sample storage chamber 4.

More specifically, as shown in Figure 3-12, the rock and soil stratified sampling device also includes a lifting platform 15, which is arranged on the bottom plate 11 between the two partitions 12, and a first wedge surface 151 is provided at one end of the lifting platform 15 close to the transport seat 6; the width of the lifting platform 15 is smaller than the width of the driving groove 62, and then when the driving groove 62 moves to the left, the lifting platform 15 can enter the driving groove 62 to complete the upward lifting of the sampling clip 5 after sampling.

At the same time, as shown in FIGS. 8-11 , a driving bar 75 is disposed on the side where the two driving arms 74 are close to each other. The driving bar 75 and the driving arm 74 form an L shape. The driving bar 75 is located at the end of the driving arm 74 away from the driving seat 72. The end of the driving bar 75 close to the driving seat 72 is provided with a second wedge surface 751. The second wedge surface 751 is parallel to the first wedge surface 151.

The distance between the two driving arms 74 is greater than the distance between the outer walls of the two positioning blocks 53 , and the distance between the two driving bars 75 is greater than the outer diameter of the sample storage cavity 4 but less than the distance between the outer walls of the two positioning blocks 53 .

In specific implementation, when there is a sampling clip 5 with completed sampling on the driving groove 62, the sampling clip 5 is lifted by the lifting platform 15 during the process of the transport seat 6 moving to the left, and the two positioning blocks 53 move to the top of the two driving bars 75, and then the sampling clip 5 is driven into the sample storage cavity 4 during the process of the driving seat 72 moving upward. Several subsequent sampling clips 5 that have completed sampling all enter the sample storage cavity 4 in this way.

More specifically, as shown in FIG6 and FIG7, the rock and soil layered sampling device further includes a slide bar 14 and a return spring 141, two rows of guide members are arranged between the two partitions 12, and the driving cavity 61 and the driving groove 62 are located between the two rows of guide members;

Each row of guides includes a plurality of slide bars 14 distributed at vertical intervals, and the slide bars 14 are all arranged horizontally, and the transport seat 6 is slidably arranged on the slide bars 14; a reset spring 141 is slidably sleeved on the slide bars 14, and the two ends of the reset spring 141 are respectively in contact with the outer tube 1 and one end of the transport seat 6 close to the sample storage cavity 4. In specific implementation, the reset spring 141 is used to push the transport seat 6 to reset to the right side, so that the drive cavity 61 can receive the next sampling clip 5, and it is also convenient for the drive rod 71 to drive the drive seat 72 to reset, and then under the action of the elastic force of the reset spring 141, even after the drive rod 71 is separated from the drive seat 72, the drive seat 72 and the transport seat 6 will not move randomly, but return to their respective predetermined positions, which is convenient for subsequent operation.

As shown in Figures 1, 13 and 14, the driving assembly 7 includes a screw rod 76 coaxially arranged with the driving rod 71, and a slide 761 is provided at both upper and lower ends of the screw rod 76. The slide 761 is slidably arranged between the sampler storage chamber 3 and the sample storage chamber 4. The upper end of the driving rod 71 is rotatably connected to the slide 761 located below; therefore, the screw rod 76 only moves up and down, and the driving rod 71 not only moves up and down with the screw rod 76, but can also rotate at the same time.

A first bearing seat 762 is provided between the sampler storage chamber 3 and the sample storage chamber 4. A first driving wheel 763 is rotatably provided on the first bearing seat 762. The first driving wheel 763 is sleeved on the screw rod 76 and is threadably matched with the screw rod 76.

A guide seat 77 and a second bearing seat 78 are fixedly disposed between the sampler storage chamber 3 and the sample storage chamber 4. The guide seat 77 and the second bearing seat 78 are both located below the slide seat 761. The drive rod 71 slides through the guide seat 77.

A second driving wheel 781 is rotatably disposed on the second bearing seat 78. The second driving wheel 781 is slidably sleeved on the driving rod 71 and spline-connected to the driving rod 71, so that the rotation of the driving rod 71 can be controlled during the up and down movement of the driving rod 71.

During specific implementation, a first reducer 764 and a second reducer 782 are provided in the outer tube 1. The first reducer 764 is connected to the first driving wheel 763 via a gear pair or a synchronous belt transmission, and when the first driving wheel 763 rotates forward and reversely, the screw 76 is controlled to move up and down accurately. At the same time, the second reducer 782 is connected to the second driving wheel 781 via a gear pair or a synchronous belt transmission, and the second driving wheel 781 drives the driving rod 71 to rotate accurately, thereby controlling the orientation of the two driving blocks 711.

More specifically, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, a plurality of first spring pins 16 are embedded on the outer tube 1, and the first spring pin 16 is located at the bottom of the sampler storage chamber 3. The telescopic end of the first spring pin 16 extends toward the axis of the sampler storage chamber 3, and the telescopic end of the first spring pin 16 is located on the moving path of the transport seat 6; the top of the telescopic end of the plurality of first spring pins 16 is not lower than the top of the transport seat 6, ensuring that after the transport seat 6 moves to the left, the next sampling magazine 5 will not affect the transport seat 6 from resetting to the right. If necessary, a partial protrusion can be provided on the transport seat 6 to drive the first spring The telescopic end of the pin 16, when the transport seat 6 moves to the right, the telescopic end of the first spring pin 16 is retracted and separated from the bottom of the sampling clip 5, and then the sampling clip 5 enters the driving cavity 61. When the driving seat 72 transports the sampling clip 5 to the left, the telescopic end of the first spring pin 16 extends under the action of its spring and abuts against the bottom end of the sampling clip 5 at the bottom of the sampler storage cavity 3 to prevent it from moving downward. After the transport seat 6 is reset, the telescopic end of the first spring pin 16 is driven to separate from the bottom of the sampling clip 5, and the sampling clips 5 are discharged one by one in this reciprocating manner.

At the same time, as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 11, a plurality of second spring pins 42 are embedded radially on the sample storage cavity 4, and the telescopic end of the second spring pin 42 extends into the sample storage cavity 4, and a third wedge surface 421 is provided at the bottom of the telescopic end of the second spring pin 42. When the driving seat 72 cooperates to lift the sampling clip 5 through the two driving arms 74 and the driving bar 75, the sampling clip 5 slides and abuts against the third wedge surface 421, and then the telescopic end of the second spring pin 42 is retracted until the bottom end of the sampling clip 5 passes over the plurality of second spring pins 42, and then the telescopic end of the second spring pin 42 extends to limit the sampling clip 5 after sampling is completed, and prevent it from falling off from the sample storage cavity 4.

As another embodiment, the driving blocks 711 on the driving rod 71 can be arranged in two groups at intervals. When pushing and pulling the driving seat 72 and the sampling magazine 5, it is only necessary to place the driving seat 72 and the tube cap 52 between the upper and lower groups of driving blocks 711, and then rotate them at a certain angle to achieve a certain degree of dislocation, which is much more convenient.

A rock and soil stratified sampling method, using the rock and soil stratified sampling device to perform stratified sampling, comprises the following steps:

S1. Select the target area, conduct a detailed geological survey of the target area, collect information on geological history, geological structure, soil type, groundwater level and potential pollution sources; at the same time, use geophysical exploration techniques such as resistivity, electromagnetic, and seismic methods to detect the strata, obtain information such as stratum structure, thickness, and lithology distribution, preliminarily judge the complexity of the strata and determine the reference range of multiple sampling depths, that is, estimate the sampling depth and quantity required each time;

S2. Determine a representative sampling location, set up a sampling drill after leveling the land, and install the sampling device on the drill pipe of the sampling drill;

S3. Before drilling, the first drive wheel 763 is driven to rotate by the first reducer 764, the screw rod 76 and the drive rod 71 are driven downward, the drive rod 71 abuts against the drive seat 72, and then the drive seat 72 is driven to move downward, the drive seat 72 cooperates with the second rack 73 and the second gear 642 to drive the first gear 641 to rotate, and the first gear 641 drives the transport seat 6 to move toward the sample storage chamber 4 through the first rack 63 meshing with it, until the drive chamber 61 is coaxial with the receiving seat 22, so that the sampling clip 5 in the drive chamber 61 falls into the receiving seat 22, as shown in the state of Figure 4, and then the second drive wheel 781 is driven to rotate by the second reducer 782, thereby driving the drive rod 71 rotates, so that the two driving blocks 711 are aligned with the two second grooves 722 and pass through the driving seat 72. The driving seat 72 is lifted up and reset by the reset spring 141 and the driving rod 71. The transport seat 6 is also reset synchronously. At the same time, the next sampling clip 5 falls into the driving cavity 61, and the driving rod 71 is continuously driven to move downward. The two driving blocks 711 of the driving rod 71 are aligned and pass through the two first grooves 522. Then, the lower end of the driving rod 71 passes through the pipe cap 52 on the sampling clip 5 on the receiving seat 22, enters the tube body 51 and continues to move downward until it abuts against the sealing plate 55, as shown in the state of Figure 5. The sealing plate 55 blocks the lower end of the tube body 51 to prevent soil from entering the tube body 51 during the drilling process.

S4, then drill downwards through the sampling drill, and after reaching the first target drilling depth, the driving rod 71 withdraws from the sampling clip 5 and rotates a certain angle, so that the two driving blocks 711 are misaligned with the two first grooves 522, and then moves downwards to abut against the sampling clip 5, and then continues to drill downwards so that the target rock and soil enter the sampling clip 5;

S5, after the sampling clip 5 is loaded with a proper amount of sample, the driving rod 71 is rotated and then moved downward, so that the two driving blocks 711 enter the tube cap 52, and then rotated to be misaligned with the two first grooves 522 and then moved upward, and the entire sampling clip 5 with the sampling completed is moved upward. After reaching the position of the driving groove 62, the driving rod 71 is driven to rotate, and then the sampling clip 5 is rotated 90° and then moved downward, so that the two positioning blocks 53 are placed in the two positioning grooves 622 on the driving groove 62, as shown in the state of Figures 6 and 7, and then the driving rod 71 is rotated, so that the two driving blocks 711 withdraw from the sampling clip 5 and reset to the top of the driving seat 72 at the same time;

S6, repeating steps S3-S5, the driving rod 71 pushes the driving seat 72 downward again to move, and then drives the transport seat 6 to move to the left, transporting the new sampling clip 5 to the position of the receiving seat 22 and dropping it into the receiving seat 22, and at the same time, synchronously moves the sampling clip 5 on the driving slot 62 that has completed sampling to the side close to the sample storage chamber 4, and at the same time, the sampling clip 5 is lifted by the lifting platform 15, so that the two positioning blocks 53 of the sampling clip move to the top of the driving bar 75, as shown in the state of Figures 8-11, and then when the driving seat 72 moves upward to drive the transport seat 6 to reset, the sampling clip 5 that has completed sampling is lifted to the sample storage chamber 4 by the two driving arms 74, until the bottom end of the sampling clip 5 is abutted by a plurality of second spring pins 42 to prevent it from falling off, as shown in the state of Figure 12;

S7. Repeat steps S3-S6 until all target depth samples at the position are collected, and then collect samples at the next target position.

It should be noted that the depth of each sample collection needs to be recorded, and when the sampling magazine 5 is subsequently taken out from the sample storage chamber 4, each sampling magazine 5 needs to be numbered to avoid confusion.

At the same time, since the lower end of the sampling clip 5 is a certain distance away from the bottom of the drill bit 2, some samples collected last time are easily accumulated, and then when extracting the samples in the sampling clip 5, a part of the samples located at the top can be removed.

The device can be automatically controlled, that is, each time the designated sampling depth is reached, sampling is started and the device can be automatically operated without manual control one by one. The sampling efficiency is high, the sampling operation is simple and convenient, and the device can be automatically controlled.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A rock and soil layer sampling device, arranged on a drill pipe of a sampling drill, characterized in that it comprises an outer tube (1) and a drill bit (2), wherein the outer tube (1) is coaxially connected to one end of the drill pipe, and the drill bit (2) is arranged at an end of the outer tube (1) away from the drill pipe; A sampler storage chamber (3) and a sample storage chamber (4) are vertically arranged in the outer tube (1); a plurality of sampling clips (5) are stacked in the sampler storage chamber (3); and the sample storage chamber (4) is used to stack the sampling clips (5) that have completed sampling. The sampling cartridge (5) comprises a tube body (51) and a tube cap (52) connected to each other, a first cavity (521) is provided at the axis of the tube cap (52), the inner diameter of the first cavity (521) is smaller than the outer diameter of the tube body (51), and two first grooves (522) are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the first cavity (521); and two protruding positioning blocks (53) are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the tube cap (52); The inner wall of the sampler storage chamber (3) is vertically symmetrically provided with two first slide grooves (31), and the two positioning blocks (53) are slidably placed in the two first slide grooves (31); the inner wall of the sample storage chamber (4) is vertically symmetrically provided with two second slide grooves (41), and the two positioning blocks (53) extend out of the two second slide grooves (41); the connecting line of the two second slide grooves (41) is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two first slide grooves (31); The inner bottom of the outer tube (1) is provided with a bottom plate (11), two partition plates (12) are vertically spaced apart on the bottom plate (11), a transport seat (6) is slidably provided between the two partition plates (12), and the transport seat (6) is located below the sampler storage cavity (3) and the sample storage cavity (4) and moves between the two; a drive cavity (61) is vertically penetrated on the transport seat (6), and a drive groove (62) is vertically provided at one end of the transport seat (6) close to the sample storage cavity (4), and the sampling clip (5) can be engaged with the drive cavity (61) and the drive groove (62); Two third slide grooves (611) are vertically symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the driving cavity (61), and the two third slide grooves (611) correspond to the two first slide grooves (31). A fourth slide groove (621) is vertically arranged at the bottom of the driving groove (62), and two positioning grooves (622) are symmetrically arranged at the top of the driving groove (62), and the connecting line of the two positioning grooves (622) is parallel to the connecting line of the two second slide grooves (41); A receiving cavity (21) is provided through the axis of the drill bit (2), a through hole (13) is provided at the center of the bottom plate (11), the through hole (13) is communicated with the receiving cavity (21), the receiving cavity (21) is located between the sampler storage cavity (3) and the sample storage cavity (4), and the center distance between the receiving cavity (21) and the sampler storage cavity (3) is the same as the center distance between the drive cavity (61) and the drive groove (62); The rock and soil layered sampling device further comprises a driving assembly (7), a driving rod (71) and a driving seat (72), wherein the driving rod (71) is coaxially arranged in the outer tube (1), the driving assembly (7) is located above the driving rod (71) and is used to drive the driving rod (71) to move and rotate vertically, and two protruding driving blocks (711) are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the driving rod (71); the driving seat (72) is vertically slidably arranged between the sampler storage cavity (3) and the sample storage cavity (4), a second cavity (721) is vertically penetrated on the driving seat (72), two second grooves (722) are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the second cavity (721), the second cavity (721) and the driving rod (71) are slidably matched, and the two driving blocks (711) can successively pass through the two second grooves (722) and the two first grooves (522) and then enter the tube body (51); Two first racks (63) are horizontally arranged on both sides of the transport seat (6); a first rotating shaft (64) is rotatably arranged on each of the two partitions (12); a first gear (641) and a second gear (642) are rotatably arranged at both ends of the first rotating shaft (64); the two first gears (641) are respectively meshed with the two first racks (63); two second racks (73) are vertically arranged on both sides of the drive seat (72); the two second racks (73) are respectively meshed with the two second gears (642); Two driving arms (74) are arranged at intervals on one side of the driving seat (72) close to the sample storage cavity (4), and the two driving arms (74) act on the two positioning blocks (53) respectively to transport the sampling clip (5) located below the sample storage cavity (4) after taking the sample into the sample storage cavity (4). 2. A rock and soil stratified sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rock and soil stratified sampling device further comprises a slide rod (14) and a return spring (141), two rows of guide members are arranged between the two partitions (12), and the driving cavity (61) and the driving groove (62) are located between the two rows of guide members; Each row of the guide members comprises a plurality of slide bars (14) vertically spaced apart, the slide bars (14) being arranged horizontally, and the transport seat (6) being slidably arranged on the slide bars (14); a return spring (141) is slidably sleeved on the slide bars (14), and two ends of the return spring (141) are respectively in contact with the outer tube (1) and one end of the transport seat (6) close to the sample storage cavity (4). 3. A rock and soil stratification sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the rock and soil stratification sampling device also includes a lifting platform (15), the lifting platform (15) is arranged on the bottom plate (11) between the two partitions (12), and a first wedge surface (151) is arranged at one end of the lifting platform (15) close to the transport seat (6); the width of the lifting platform (15) is smaller than the width of the driving groove (62). 4. A rock and soil stratified sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that a driving bar (75) is provided on the side where the two driving arms (74) are close to each other, the driving bar (75) and the driving arm (74) form an L shape, the driving bar (75) is located at the end of the driving arm (74) away from the driving seat (72), and a second wedge surface (751) is provided at the end of the driving bar (75) close to the driving seat (72), and the second wedge surface (751) is parallel to the first wedge surface (151); The distance between the two driving arms (74) is greater than the distance between the outer walls of the two positioning blocks (53), and the distance between the two driving bars (75) is greater than the outer diameter of the sample storage cavity (4) but less than the distance between the outer walls of the two positioning blocks (53). 5. A rock and soil stratified sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that the driving assembly (7) comprises a screw (76) coaxially arranged with the driving rod (71), and a slide seat (761) is arranged at both upper and lower ends of the screw (76), and the slide seat (761) is slidably arranged between the sampler storage chamber (3) and the sample storage chamber (4), and the upper end of the driving rod (71) is rotatably connected to the slide seat (761) located below; A first bearing seat (762) is arranged between the sampler storage chamber (3) and the sample storage chamber (4); a first driving wheel (763) is rotatably arranged on the first bearing seat (762); the first driving wheel (763) is sleeved on the screw rod (76) and is threadably engaged with the screw rod (76); A guide seat (77) and a second bearing seat (78) are also fixedly provided between the sampler storage cavity (3) and the sample storage cavity (4); the guide seat (77) and the second bearing seat (78) are both located below the slide seat (761); and the drive rod (71) slides through the guide seat (77); A second driving wheel (781) is rotatably disposed on the second bearing seat (78), and the second driving wheel (781) is slidably sleeved on the driving rod (71) and spline-connected to the driving rod (71); A first reducer (764) and a second reducer (782) are arranged in the outer tube (1); the first reducer (764) is drivingly connected to the first drive wheel (763), and the second reducer (782) is drivingly connected to the second drive wheel (781). 6. A rock and soil stratified sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that a plurality of first spring pins (16) are embedded in the outer tube (1), the first spring pins (16) are located at the bottom of the sampler storage cavity (3), the telescopic ends of the first spring pins (16) extend toward the axis of the sampler storage cavity (3), and the telescopic ends of the first spring pins (16) are located on the moving path of the transport seat (6); A plurality of second spring pins (42) are radially embedded in the sample storage cavity (4), the telescopic ends of the second spring pins (42) extend into the sample storage cavity (4), and a third wedge surface (421) is provided at the bottom of the telescopic ends of the second spring pins (42). 7. A rock and soil stratified sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that the drill bit (2) also includes a hollow receiving seat (22), the receiving seat (22) is coaxially arranged in the receiving cavity (21) and the through hole (13), and two third grooves (221) are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the receiving seat (22), and when the sampling clip (5) is engaged with the inner cavity of the receiving seat (22), the two positioning blocks (53) are respectively placed in the two third grooves (221). 8. A rock and soil stratified sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that a sealing cap (54) is provided at one end of the tube body (51) away from the tube cap (52), a third cavity (541) is opened on the sealing cap (54), and the inner diameter of the third cavity (541) is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube body (51); a sealing plate (55) is slidably provided in the tube body (51). 9. A rock and soil stratified sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that a protruding filling block (551) is provided at the lower end of the sealing plate (55), and the filling block (551) extends out of the third cavity (541). 10. A rock and soil stratified sampling method, using a rock and soil stratified sampling device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1. Select the target area, conduct a detailed geological survey of the target area, use geophysical exploration technology to detect the strata, obtain information such as stratum structure, thickness and lithology distribution, preliminarily judge the complexity of the strata and determine the reference range of multiple sampling depths; S2. Determine a representative sampling location, set up a sampling drill after leveling the land, and install the sampling device on the drill pipe of the sampling drill; S3. Before drilling, the first drive wheel (763) is driven to rotate by the first reducer (764), driving the screw rod (76) and the drive rod (71) to move downward, thereby driving the drive seat (72) to move downward. The drive seat (72) cooperates with the second gear (73) and the second gear (642) to drive the first gear (641) to rotate. The first gear (641) drives the transport seat (6) to move toward the side of the sample storage chamber (4) through the first gear (63) meshing with it, until the drive chamber (61) is coaxial with the receiving seat (22), so that the sampling clip (5) in the drive chamber (61) falls into the receiving seat (22), and then the second reducer ( 782) drives the second driving wheel (781) to rotate, thereby driving the driving rod (71) to rotate, so that the two driving blocks (711) are aligned with the two second grooves (722) and pass through the driving seat (72), and the driving seat (72) moves upward and resets through the reset spring (141) or the driving rod (71), and at the same time, the next sampling clip (5) falls into the driving cavity (61), and the driving rod (71) continues to move downward, passes through the tube cap (52) on the sampling clip (5) on the receiving seat (22), enters the tube body (51) and continues to move downward until it abuts against the sealing plate (55), and the sealing plate (55) blocks the lower end of the tube body (51) to prevent soil from entering the tube body (51) during the drilling process; S4, drilling downwards through the sampling drill, and after reaching the first target drilling depth, the driving rod (71) withdraws from the sampling clip (5) and rotates, so that the two driving blocks (711) are misaligned with the two first grooves (522), thereby pressing against the sampling clip (5), and then continuing to drill downwards so that the target rock and soil enter the sampling clip (5); S5, after the sampling clip (5) is loaded with an appropriate amount of sample, the driving rod (71) enters into the tube cap (52) to move the entire sampling clip (5) upwards. After reaching the position of the driving slot (62), the sampling clip (5) is rotated so that the two positioning blocks (53) are placed in the two positioning grooves (622) on the driving slot (62), and then the driving rod (71) withdraws from the sampling clip (5) and resets to the top of the driving seat (72); S6, repeating steps S3-S5, when the driving rod (71) drives the transport seat (6) to move via the driving seat (72), a new sampling clip (5) is transported to the position of the receiving seat (22), and at the same time, the sampling clip (5) on the driving slot (62) that has completed sampling is moved closer to the sample storage chamber (4), and at the same time, the sampling clip (5) is lifted via the lifting platform (15) so that the two positioning blocks (53) of the sampling clip (5) are moved to the top of the driving bar (75), and then, while the driving seat (72) moves upward to drive the transport seat (6) to reset, the sampling clip (5) that has completed sampling is lifted to the sample storage chamber (4) via the two driving arms (74) until the bottom end of the sampling clip (5) is abutted by a plurality of second spring pins (42) to prevent it from falling off; S7. Repeat steps S3-S6 until all target depth samples at the position are collected, and then collect samples at the next target position.