CN118499513A

CN118499513A - Ball valve

Info

Publication number: CN118499513A
Application number: CN202410794351.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方忠恕; 李金勇; 邢志礼; 吴琦
Original assignee: LISHUI OUYI VALVE CO Ltd
Current assignee: LISHUI OUYI VALVE CO Ltd
Priority date: 2024-06-19
Filing date: 2024-06-19
Publication date: 2024-08-16

Abstract

The application relates to a ball valve, which comprises a valve body with a channel, a ball body, a first rotating shaft, two sealing rings, a flow regulating device and a valve body, wherein the ball body is rotatably arranged in the valve body, the flow regulating device comprises a driving piece I, an elastic membrane, two lantern rings and two supporting blocks, the two support blocks are opposite to the two communication ports respectively, one end of the first rotating shaft extends into the sphere, the first driving part is arranged on the first rotating shaft and used for driving the two support blocks to move towards the directions of the two communication ports respectively, and the two support blocks are fixedly arranged at two ends of the elastic membrane respectively; the two lantern rings are respectively sleeved and slide on the mounting end along the length direction of the mounting end, two through holes are formed in the elastic membrane, the two lantern rings are respectively fixed on the two through holes, and a cavity which is airtight and is not contacted with a medium is formed in the supporting block and the elastic membrane. When the flow of the ball valve is regulated, the ball body is kept in a fully-opened state all the time, and the ball body isolates the contact between the sealing material and the passing medium, so that the influence on the tightness of the ball valve can be reduced.

Description

Ball valve

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of valves, in particular to a ball valve.

Background

Pipeline transportation media are often used in industrial or domestic infrastructures, wherein the pipeline is regulated due to pressure or temperature changes, and regulating mechanisms, in particular ball valves, are used in the pipeline for regulating the flow to ensure optimal working conditions and environmental safety. Ball valves are usually valves in which a ball with a circular channel is used as an opening and closing element, and the ball rotates with a valve body to realize opening and closing actions. The opening and closing part of the ball valve is a sphere with a through hole and rotates around the axis vertical to the channel, thereby achieving the purpose of opening and closing the channel. Conventional ball valves are typically a ball with a through hole mounted on a valve seat and are turned on and off by rotation of the ball.

In the use process of the valve body in the related art, if the flow in the pipeline is to be regulated, the ball valve is required to be in a half-open state, and the sealing material of the ball valve is usually arranged around the ball valve, so that the ball valve is normally completely closed and completely opened, and the ball valve just isolates the sealing material from being in contact with a passing medium to prevent the sealing material from being corroded and washed out. However, in the half-open state, the valve ball cannot completely isolate the contact between the medium and the sealing material, and if the time is long, the sealing material is easily corroded or washed, so that the sealing performance of the ball valve is damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to perform flow adjustment while reducing the influence on the tightness of the ball valve, the application provides a ball valve.

The ball valve provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:

The ball valve comprises a valve body with a channel, a ball body, a first rotating shaft and two sealing rings, wherein the ball body is rotatably arranged in the valve body, the first rotating shaft is fixed on the ball body, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the valve body, the two sealing rings are arranged in the valve body and respectively abut against the outer walls of two sides of the ball body, the ball body is hollow, two sides of the ball body are respectively provided with a communication port in a penetrating manner, the ball valve further comprises a flow regulating device, the flow regulating device comprises a first driving part, an elastic membrane, two lantern rings and two supporting blocks, the two supporting blocks are respectively opposite to the two communication ports, one end of the first rotating shaft extends into the ball body, the part of the first rotating shaft extending into the ball body is a mounting end, the first driving part is arranged on the mounting end, the first driving part is used for driving the two supporting blocks to respectively move towards the directions of the two communication ports, the elastic membrane is wound into a hollow column shape, and the two supporting blocks are respectively fixedly arranged at two ends of the elastic membrane;

the two lantern rings are respectively sleeved and slide on the mounting end along the length direction of the mounting end, two through holes are formed in the elastic membrane, the two lantern rings are respectively fixed on the two through holes, and a cavity which is airtight and is not contacted with a medium is formed in the supporting block and the elastic membrane.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the flow of the ball valve needs to be regulated, the first driving part drives the two support blocks to move towards the direction away from the communication port, so that the through-flow cross-section area of the communication port can be increased, and the flow of the ball valve is increased; when the flow of the ball valve needs to be regulated down, the first driving part drives the two support blocks to move towards the direction of the communication port, so that the through-flow cross-section area of the communication port can be reduced, and the flow of the ball valve is reduced; when the flow of the ball valve is regulated, the ball body is kept in a fully opened state all the time, and the ball body isolates the contact between the sealing material and the passing medium, so that the influence on the tightness of the ball valve can be reduced.

Preferably, the supporting block is provided with a protruding part matched with the communication port, when the supporting block moves towards the similar communication port to be abutted in the valve body, the protruding part blocks the communication port, and the outer wall of the protruding part and the outer wall of the sphere are in smooth transition.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the limit state of supporting shoe can shutoff intercommunication mouth, and when shutoff intercommunication mouth, the supporting shoe outer wall can be with the smooth transition of spheroid outer wall to make the spheroid form a complete spheroid, when rotating the spheroid like this, the spheroid can remain all the time with the sealing washer full contact, the medium is difficult to get into between two sealing washers with the contact of valve body inner wall, thereby can reduce the influence to ball valve leakproofness.

Preferably, the first driving piece comprises a gear, a second rotating shaft and two racks, the second rotating shaft coaxially rotates in the first rotating shaft, the gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft, a groove for the gear to rotate is formed in the first rotating shaft, the two racks slide on the first rotating shaft along the length direction perpendicular to the first rotating shaft, the two racks are respectively located on two sides of the gear and meshed with the gear, and the end parts of the two racks are respectively fixedly arranged on the two supporting blocks.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through rotating the second pivot, the second pivot rotates and drives gear rotation, and gear rotation drives two racks and removes along the relative direction, and the rack is fixed on the supporting shoe to realize the removal of supporting shoe.

Preferably, the flow regulating device further comprises a plurality of expansion pieces, and the expansion pieces are used for driving the two lantern rings to move towards the sides far away from each other when the two support blocks move towards the sides corresponding to the communication ports.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the two support blocks move towards one side far away from each other, the elastic membrane can be tensioned and spread, the volume of the cavity can be increased, and after a medium enters the sphere from the communication port, the medium can pass through the support blocks and the elastic membrane, and at the moment, the two lantern rings synchronously move towards the direction far away from each other, so that the elastic membrane can be further expanded, the volume of the cavity is further increased, the volume for the medium to pass through inside the sphere is further reduced, and the effect of better regulating the flow can be achieved; and after the lantern ring moves, the elastic membrane between the lantern ring and the supporting block is obliquely arranged, so that the medium can be better guided.

Preferably, the expansion piece comprises a pull rope and a lifting ring, the lifting ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sphere, one end of the pull rope is fixed on the corresponding supporting block, and the other end of the pull rope penetrates through the lifting ring to be fixed on the corresponding lantern ring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the supporting shoe moved towards intercommunication mouth one side, the one end removal of supporting shoe pulling stay cord, the other end pulling lantern ring removal of stay cord.

Preferably, a magnetic block is arranged on the first rotating shaft, an arc groove is formed in the valve body, the magnetic block rotates in the arc groove, and magnet stones are respectively arranged at two ends of the arc groove, and when the magnet stones adsorb the magnetic block, the ball body is in a fully-opened state or a fully-closed state.

By adopting the technical scheme, the interaction of the magnet and the magnetic block enables the sphere to be stable in the fully opened state or the fully closed state.

Preferably, the second rotating shaft comprises a first rod and a second rod which are connected with each other in a sliding manner along the length direction, the second rod is coaxially and rotatably connected in the first rotating shaft, the first rod is in threaded connection in the first rotating shaft, one end of the first rod, which is far away from the second rod, extends to the outer side of the first rotating shaft, and a pressing ring is fixedly sleeved on the first rod;

The device comprises a first rod, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a first gear ring, a second gear ring, a first gear ring and a second gear ring, wherein the first gear ring is arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the first rotating shaft;

When the supporting block does not completely block the communication port, the toothed ring is positioned at the outer side of the tooth slot; when the supporting block completely blocks the communication port, the pressing ring presses the movable ring, and the toothed ring enters the tooth groove and is meshed with the circumferential toothed wall of the tooth groove; the side wall of the movable ring is provided with a force application rod, and the end part of the first rod is provided with a cross rotating handle.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, operating personnel application of force drives first pole rotation on the cross and changes the handle, first pole can drive the second pole rotation, first pole threaded connection is in first pivot simultaneously, can change the position of pressing the ring in the time of the first pole rotation, when the supporting shoe moves towards intercommunication mouth one side, press the ring and remove to remove the ring towards removing one side and press, until the supporting shoe shutoff intercommunication mouth completely, the toothed ring gets into the tooth's socket and with the circumference tooth wall intermeshing of tooth's socket, the pressing ring can rotate with first pivot is synchronous this moment, operating personnel rotates the application of force pole and can drive pressing ring and first pivot rotation this moment, first pivot drives the spheroid and carries out the switching of open-close state.

The technical effects of the invention are mainly as follows:

1. When the flow of the ball valve needs to be regulated, the first driving part drives the two support blocks to move towards the direction away from the communication port, so that the through-flow cross-section area of the communication port can be increased, and the flow of the ball valve is increased; when the flow of the ball valve needs to be regulated down, the first driving part drives the two support blocks to move towards the direction of the communication port, so that the through-flow cross-section area of the communication port can be reduced, and the flow of the ball valve is reduced; when the flow of the ball valve is regulated, the ball body is kept in a fully opened state all the time, and the ball body isolates the contact between the sealing material and the passing medium, so that the influence on the tightness of the ball valve can be reduced;

2. The limit state of the support block can seal the communication port, and when the communication port is sealed, the outer wall of the support block can be in smooth transition with the outer wall of the ball body, so that the ball body forms a complete ball body, and when the ball body rotates, the ball body can always keep complete contact with the sealing rings, and a medium is difficult to enter between the two sealing rings to contact with the inner wall of the valve body, so that the influence on the sealing performance of the ball valve can be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the ball valve according to the embodiment of the present application in a fully opened state and in a maximum flow rate state.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view at D in fig. 2.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a valve body; 11. a channel; 12. a center block; 121. an arc groove; 122. a magnet; 13. a side block; 14. a seal ring; 2. a sphere; 21. a communication port; 3. a first rotating shaft; 31. a mounting end; 32. a magnetic block; 33. a toothed ring; 4. a flow rate adjusting device; 41. a first driving member; 411. a gear; 412. a second rotating shaft; 4121. a first lever; 4122. a second lever; 413. a rack; 42. an elastic film; 421. a through hole; 43. a collar; 44. a support block; 441. a boss; 45. an expansion member; 451. a pull rope; 452. a hanging ring; 46. a pressing ring; 51. a moving ring; 511. tooth slots; 512. avoidance holes; 52. a spring; 61. a force application rod; 62. a cross rotating handle; 7. a cavity.

Detailed Description

The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-5, so that the technical solution of the present application can be more easily understood and mastered.

The embodiment of the application discloses a ball valve.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a ball valve of the present embodiment includes a flow regulator 4, a valve body 1 with a channel 11, a ball 2, a first rotating shaft 3 and two sealing rings 14, wherein the valve body 1 is composed of a central block 12 and side blocks 13 fixed on two sides of the central block 12 by bolts, the ball 2 is rotatably disposed in the valve body 1, the first rotating shaft 3 is fixed on the ball 2, the first rotating shaft 3 is rotatably disposed on the central block 12, the rotating axis direction of the first rotating shaft 3 is perpendicular to the direction of the channel 11, and the two sealing rings 14 are respectively mounted in the two side blocks 13 and respectively abutted on two side outer walls of the ball 2. The sphere 2 is arranged in a hollow way, and two sides of the sphere 2 are respectively provided with a communication port 21 in a penetrating way. The flow regulating device 4 comprises a first driving part 41, a deformable elastic membrane 42, two lantern rings 43 and two supporting blocks 44, wherein the two supporting blocks 44 are opposite to the two communication ports 21 respectively, one end of the first rotating shaft 3 extends into the sphere 2, the part of the first rotating shaft 3 extending into the sphere 2 is a mounting end 31, the first driving part 41 is arranged on the mounting end 31, the first driving part 41 is used for driving the two supporting blocks 44 to move towards the directions of the two communication ports 21 respectively, the elastic membrane 42 is wound into a hollow column shape, and the two supporting blocks 44 are fixedly arranged at two ends of the elastic membrane 42 respectively.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, two collars 43 are respectively sleeved and slide on the mounting end 31 along the length direction of the mounting end 31, two through holes 421 are formed in the elastic membrane 42, the two collars 43 are respectively fixed on the two through holes 421, and a cavity 7 which is airtight and is not in contact with a medium is formed in the supporting block 44 and the elastic membrane 42.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, when the flow rate of the ball valve needs to be increased, the first driving member 41 drives the two support blocks 44 to move in the direction away from the communication port 21, so that the flow cross-sectional area of the communication port 21 can be increased, and the flow rate of the ball valve can be increased; when the flow of the ball valve needs to be regulated down, the first driving part 41 drives the two support blocks 44 to move towards the direction of the communication port 21, so that the through-flow cross-sectional area of the communication port 21 can be reduced, and the flow of the ball valve is reduced; when the flow of the ball valve is regulated, the ball body 2 is kept in a fully-opened state all the time, and the ball body 2 isolates the contact between the sealing material and the passing medium, so that the influence on the tightness of the ball valve can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the support block 44 has a protruding portion 441 matching with the communication port 21, and when the support block 44 moves toward the adjacent communication port 21 to abut against the inside of the valve body 1, the protruding portion 441 closes the communication port 21, and the outer wall of the protruding portion 441 and the outer wall of the ball 2 smoothly transition.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the limit state of the support block 44 can block the communication port 21, and when the communication port 21 is blocked, the outer wall of the support block 44 can smoothly transition with the outer wall of the ball body 2, so that the ball body 2 forms a complete ball body 2, and thus, when the ball body 2 rotates, the ball body 2 can always keep complete contact with the sealing rings 14, and a medium is difficult to enter between the two sealing rings 14 to contact with the inner wall of the valve body 1, so that the influence on the tightness of the ball valve can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first driving member 41 includes a gear 411, a second rotating shaft 412 and two racks 413, the second rotating shaft 412 coaxially rotates in the first rotating shaft 3, the gear 411 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft 412, a groove for the gear 411 to rotate is formed in the first rotating shaft 3, the two racks 413 slide on the first rotating shaft 3 along the length direction perpendicular to the first rotating shaft 3, the two racks 413 are respectively located at two sides of the gear 411 and meshed with the gear 411, and ends of the two racks 413 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the two supporting blocks 44.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, by rotating the second rotating shaft 412, the second rotating shaft 412 rotates to drive the gear 411 to rotate, the gear 411 rotates to drive the two racks 413 to move in opposite directions, and the racks 413 are fixed on the support blocks 44, thereby realizing the movement of the support blocks 44.

Referring to fig. 2, the flow rate adjusting device 4 further includes a plurality of sets of expansion members 45, and the plurality of sets of expansion members 45 are configured to drive the two collars 43 to move toward the sides away from each other when the two support blocks 44 move toward the sides of the corresponding communication ports 21.

Referring to fig. 2, when the two support blocks 44 move towards the side far away from each other, the elastic membrane 42 will be stretched and spread, the volume of the cavity 7 will become larger, and after the medium enters the sphere 2 from the communication port 21, the medium will pass through the support blocks 44 and the elastic membrane 42, at this time, the two collars 43 move towards the direction far away from each other synchronously, which can help the elastic membrane 42 to further expand, and the volume of the cavity 7 becomes larger, thereby further reducing the volume of the sphere 2 for medium to pass through, and playing a better role in adjusting flow; meanwhile, after the lantern ring 43 moves, the elastic membrane 42 between the lantern ring 43 and the supporting block 44 is obliquely arranged, so that the guiding effect on the medium can be better achieved.

Referring to fig. 2, the expansion member 45 includes a pulling rope 451 and a hanging ring 452, the hanging ring 452 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the ball 2, one end of the pulling rope 451 is fixed on the corresponding supporting block 44, and the other end of the pulling rope 451 is fixed on the corresponding collar 43 through the hanging ring 452. When the stay block 44 moves toward the communication port 21, the stay block 44 pulls one end of the pull cord 451 to move, and the other end of the pull cord 451 pulls the collar 43 to move.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, a magnetic block 32 is provided on the first rotating shaft 3, an arc groove 121 is provided on the central block 12, the magnetic block 32 rotates in the arc groove 121, and a magnet 122 is provided at both ends of the arc groove 121, and when the magnet 122 adsorbs the magnetic block 32, the sphere 2 is in a fully opened state or a fully closed state. The interaction of the magnet 122 and the magnetic block 32 makes the sphere 2 relatively stable in the fully open state or the fully closed state. The surface of the center block 12 is carved with an on character and an off character at positions close to the two magnet 122, so that an operator can conveniently judge the state of the sphere 2.

Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, the second rotating shaft 412 includes a first rod 4121 and a second rod 4122 slidably connected to each other along a length direction, the second rod 4122 is coaxially rotatably connected in the first rotating shaft 3, the first rod 4121 is screwed in the first rotating shaft 3, one end of the first rod 4121 away from the second rod 4122 extends to the outside of the first rotating shaft 3, and a pressing ring 46 is fixedly sleeved on the first rod 4121.

Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, the device further comprises a moving ring 51 and a spring 52, wherein the moving ring 51 is provided with an avoidance hole 512 matched with the first rod 4121, the moving ring 51 is positioned between the pressing ring 46 and the first rotating shaft 3, the outer wall of the end part of the first rotating shaft 3 is fixedly provided with a toothed ring 33 along the circumferential direction, one side surface of the moving ring 51 far away from the pressing ring 46 is provided with a tooth groove 511 matched with the first rotating shaft 3 and the toothed ring 33, and two ends of the spring 52 are respectively arranged on the bottom wall of the tooth groove 511 and the first rotating shaft 3.

Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, when the stay block 44 does not completely block the communication port 21, the ring gear 33 is located outside the tooth groove 511; when the stay block 44 completely closes the communication port 21, the pressing ring 46 presses the moving ring 51, and the tooth ring 33 enters into the tooth groove 511 and intermeshes with the circumferential tooth wall of the tooth groove 511. The movable ring 51 has a biasing lever 61 provided on a side wall thereof, and a cross handle 62 provided at an end of the first lever 4121.

Referring to fig. 2,4 and 5, an operator applies force to the cross rotary handle 62 to drive the first rod 4121 to rotate, the first rod 4121 can drive the second rod 4122 to rotate, meanwhile, the first rod 4121 is in threaded connection with the first rotary shaft 3, the position of the pressing ring 46 can be changed when the first rod 4121 rotates, when the support block 44 moves towards the side of the communication port 21, the pressing ring 46 moves towards the side of the moving ring 51 to press the moving ring 51 until the support block 44 completely blocks the communication port 21, the toothed ring 33 enters the tooth grooves 511 and is meshed with the circumferential tooth walls of the tooth grooves 511, at this time, the pressing ring 46 can synchronously rotate with the first rotary shaft 3, at this time, the operator rotates the force application rod 61 to drive the pressing ring 46 and the first rotary shaft 3 to rotate, and the first rotary shaft 3 drives the ball body 2 to switch the open and close states.

Of course, the above is only a typical example of the application, and other embodiments of the application are also possible, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of the application claimed.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a ball valve, includes valve body (1) that has passageway (11), spheroid (2), first pivot (3) and two sealing washer (14), spheroid (2) rotate and set up in valve body (1), first pivot (3) are fixed on spheroid (2), first pivot (3) rotate and set up on valve body (1), and two sealing washer (14) are installed in valve body (1), and butt respectively on the both sides outer wall of spheroid (2), spheroid (2) hollow setting, communication port (21) have been seted up in the both sides of spheroid (2) run through respectively, its characterized in that: the flow regulating device (4) comprises a first driving part (41), an elastic membrane (42), two lantern rings (43) and two supporting blocks (44), wherein the two supporting blocks (44) are opposite to the two communicating ports (21) respectively, one end of the first rotating shaft (3) extends into the ball body (2), the part of the first rotating shaft (3) extending into the ball body (2) is a mounting end (31), the first driving part (41) is arranged on the mounting end (31), the first driving part (41) is used for driving the two supporting blocks (44) to move towards the directions of the two communicating ports (21) respectively, the elastic membrane (42) is wound into a hollow column shape, and the two supporting blocks (44) are fixedly arranged at two ends of the elastic membrane (42) respectively;

The two lantern rings (43) are respectively sleeved and slide on the mounting end (31) along the length direction of the mounting end (31), two through holes (421) are formed in the elastic membrane (42), the two lantern rings (43) are respectively fixed on the two through holes (421), and a cavity (7) which is airtight and is not contacted with a medium is formed in the supporting block (44) and the elastic membrane (42).

2. A ball valve according to claim 1, wherein: the support block (44) is provided with a protruding portion (441) matched with the communication port (21), when the support block (44) moves towards the close communication port (21) to be abutted in the valve body (1), the protruding portion (441) seals the communication port (21), and the outer wall of the protruding portion (441) is in smooth transition with the outer wall of the sphere (2).

3. A ball valve according to claim 1, wherein: the first driving piece (41) comprises a gear (411), a second rotating shaft (412) and two racks (413), the second rotating shaft (412) coaxially rotates in the first rotating shaft (3), the gear (411) is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft (412), a groove for the gear (411) to rotate is formed in the first rotating shaft (3), the two racks (413) slide on the first rotating shaft (3) along the length direction perpendicular to the first rotating shaft (3), the two racks (413) are respectively located on two sides of the gear (411) and meshed with the gear (411), and the end parts of the two racks (413) are respectively fixedly arranged on the two supporting blocks (44).

4. A ball valve according to claim 1, wherein: the flow regulating device (4) further comprises a plurality of groups of expansion pieces (45), and the expansion pieces (45) are used for driving the two lantern rings (43) to move towards the sides far away from each other respectively when the two support blocks (44) move towards the sides of the corresponding communication ports (21).

5. A ball valve according to claim 4, wherein: the expansion piece (45) comprises a pull rope (451) and a lifting ring (452), the lifting ring (452) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sphere (2), one end of the pull rope (451) is fixed on the corresponding supporting block (44), and the other end of the pull rope (451) penetrates through the lifting ring (452) to be fixed on the corresponding lantern ring (43).

6. A ball valve according to claim 1, wherein: be equipped with magnetic block (32) on first pivot (3), arc groove (121) have been seted up on valve body (1), magnetic block (32) rotate in arc groove (121), the both ends of arc groove (121) are equipped with magnet (122) respectively, and when magnet (122) adsorb magnetic block (32), spheroid (2) are in full open state or full closed state.

7. A ball valve according to claim 6, wherein: the second rotating shaft (412) comprises a first rod (4121) and a second rod (4122) which are connected with each other in a sliding manner along the length direction, the second rod (4122) is coaxially and rotatably connected in the first rotating shaft (3), the first rod (4121) is in threaded connection in the first rotating shaft (3), one end, far away from the second rod (4122), of the first rod (4121) extends to the outer side of the first rotating shaft (3), and a pressing ring (46) is fixedly sleeved on the first rod (4121);

The novel anti-collision device is characterized by further comprising a moving ring (51) and a spring (52), wherein an avoidance hole (512) matched with the first rod (4121) is formed in the moving ring (51), the moving ring (51) is positioned between the pressing ring (46) and the first rotating shaft (3), a toothed ring (33) is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the end part of the first rotating shaft (3), a tooth groove (511) matched with the first rotating shaft (3) and the toothed ring (33) is formed in the side surface of one side, far away from the pressing ring (46), of the moving ring (51), and two ends of the spring (52) are respectively arranged on the bottom wall of the tooth groove (511) and the first rotating shaft (3);

When the supporting block (44) is not completely used for blocking the communication port (21), the toothed ring (33) is positioned at the outer side of the tooth groove (511); when the supporting block (44) completely blocks the communication port (21), the pressing ring (46) presses the moving ring (51), and the toothed ring (33) enters the tooth groove (511) and is meshed with the circumferential tooth wall of the tooth groove (511); the side wall of the movable ring (51) is provided with a force application rod (61), and the end part of the first rod (4121) is provided with a cross rotating handle (62).