CN118491890A - Sorting device and sorting method for recycling positive and negative electrode plates of lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sorting device for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries, comprising: an X-ray sorting chamber and a feed port, an X-ray tube and a detector arranged in the X-ray sorting chamber, a conveyor belt arranged below the X-ray sorting chamber and the feed port, a fan and a vibration device arranged on the feed pipeline of the feed port, a vibrator arranged at the starting end of the conveyor belt, an air flow nozzle arranged at the end of the conveyor belt, and a first receiving bin and a second receiving bin arranged below the end of the conveyor belt. A sorting method for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries is also disclosed. The present invention adopts the method of placing a large number of positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries into the feed port, so that they are quickly, evenly and dispersedly transported to the conveyor belt through the air flow and the vibration device in the pipeline, with high transportation efficiency, and only simple equipment is used, so the cost is lower.

Description

A sorting device and a sorting method for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of recycling waste lithium-ion batteries, and in particular to a sorting device for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries, and a method for sorting positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries using the sorting device.

Background Art

The domestic promotion of new energy is unprecedented, and the general life of new energy batteries is 3-5 years and 5-8 years. At present, a large number of batteries have been scrapped and recycled, and the number of scrapped batteries will increase day by day in the future. It is estimated that the retired power batteries in 2025 will reach 9.3 billion watt-hours, and the annual growth rate of retired batteries will exceed 1 million, which will bring huge potential market value for recycling. However, batteries contain multiple elements, and the current recycling methods cannot effectively separate the various components of the battery, and will cause environmental damage during the processing process. Therefore, in order to prevent waste of resources and environmental pollution, research on the classified recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries has important practical significance.

At present, the processing of battery electrode sheets in battery recycling is mainly based on grinding and powdering. These processing methods are complicated to operate and require multiple sorting of battery materials such as: shell, copper foil, aluminum foil, diaphragm, black powder, etc., which are inefficient and have a long cycle. In view of the existing recycling technology, it is urgent to invent a lithium-ion battery recycling method and device that can be efficiently classified and continuously produced.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a sorting device for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries, and a sorting method for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries using the sorting device, which can efficiently classify and sort positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries in a continuous production operation, and is suitable for industrial large-scale automated recycling of lithium-ion batteries. To this end, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

The present invention discloses a sorting device for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries, the sorting device comprising: an X-ray sorting chamber and a feed port, an X-ray tube and a detector arranged in the X-ray sorting chamber, and a conveyor belt arranged below the X-ray sorting chamber and the feed port, the conveyor belt being used to convey the positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries to be sorted from the feed port to the X-ray sorting chamber; a fan and a vibration device are arranged on the feed pipeline of the feed port, a vibrator is arranged at the starting end of the conveyor belt, an air flow nozzle is arranged at the end of the conveyor belt, a first receiving bin and a second receiving bin are arranged below the end of the conveyor belt, and the distance between the first receiving bin and the second receiving bin can be adjusted.

Among them, a fan and a vibrating device are arranged on the feeding port conveying pipeline, and a vibrator is arranged at the starting end of the conveyor belt. The fan, the vibrating device and the vibrator on the conveyor belt are used to evenly distribute the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery on the conveyor belt, and evenly and dispersedly transmit them to the X-ray sorting chamber; the X-ray tube and the detector are arranged in the X-ray sorting chamber to analyze the positive and negative electrodes and coordinates of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets, and give signals to control the airflow nozzles at the end of the conveyor belt to control the signals; the airflow nozzles arranged at the end of the conveyor belt are used to separate the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets; the first receiving bin and the second receiving bin arranged below the end of the conveyor belt are used to collect the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets after sorting.

A method for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium ion batteries according to the present invention uses the above-mentioned sorting device and comprises the following steps:

S1, putting the positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries to be sorted into the feed port of the sorting device, and the positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries are quickly and dispersedly transported to the conveyor belt through the action of fans and vibration devices in the feed port;

S2, after the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are transported to the conveyor belt, the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are evenly dispersed on the conveyor belt through the vibration of the vibrator, and move toward the X-ray sorting chamber along the conveyor belt;

S3, the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery enter the X-ray sorting chamber, the electrodes are irradiated by the rays emitted by the X-ray tube, and the signals are captured by the detector, and then the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets are analyzed by the signal processing equipment connected to the detector;

S4, the airflow nozzle is controlled by the X-ray sorting chamber to spray airflow to selectively separate the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery; after the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are separated, they fall into the first receiving bin and the second receiving bin respectively, completing the sorting of the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery.

Furthermore, the wind speed and vibration frequency of the fan and vibration device on the feed pipeline can be adjusted independently, and the vibration frequency of the vibrator at the starting end of the conveyor belt can be adjusted independently. The adjustment of the wind speed and vibration frequency is to quickly and evenly convey the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery to the conveyor belt and into the X-ray sorting chamber.

Furthermore, the X-ray sorting chamber is provided with an X-ray tube and a detector for analyzing the positive and negative poles and coordinates of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheet and for giving a signal to control the air flow nozzle at the end of the conveyor belt; the air flow nozzle receiving the signal emits an air flow, and the size and angle of the air flow can be adjusted to separate the positive and negative poles of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheet.

The beneficial effects of the sorting device and the sorting method for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium ion batteries provided by the present invention are:

The positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries are placed in large quantities into the feed port, and are quickly, evenly, and dispersedly transported to the conveyor belt through the airflow and vibration device in the pipeline. The transportation efficiency is high, and only simple equipment is used, which is lower cost. X-ray is used to sort the positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries, and the positive and negative electrodes and coordinates of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets are analyzed using signal processing equipment to efficiently and accurately determine the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets. The airflow nozzle device at the end of the conveyor belt is used to emit airflow to separate the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets. The emitted airflow is controlled by the signal of the X-ray sorting equipment to achieve continuous automated production.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for recycling and separating positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention and to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict between them.

Embodiment 1

Referring to Figure 1, a sorting device for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries in this embodiment includes: an X-ray sorting chamber 1 and a feed port 14, an X-ray light tube 11 and a detector 12 arranged in the X-ray sorting chamber 1, and a conveyor belt 19 arranged below the X-ray sorting chamber 1 and the feed port 14, the conveyor belt 19 is used to convey the positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries to be sorted from the feed port 14 to the X-ray sorting chamber 1; a fan and a vibration device 15 are arranged on the feed pipeline of the feed port 14, a vibrator 16 is arranged at the starting end of the conveyor belt 19, an air flow nozzle 13 is arranged at the end of the conveyor belt 19, and a first receiving bin 17 and a second receiving bin 18 are arranged below the end of the conveyor belt 19, and the distance between the first receiving bin 17 and the second receiving bin 18 can be adjusted.

Among them, a fan and a vibration device 15 are provided at the connection below the feed port 14 to provide airflow and vibration to the conveying pipeline, so that the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery do not stick together and quickly enter the conveyor belt 19; the fan and the vibration device 15 can adjust the airflow size and vibration frequency, and can control the weight of the material at the feed port 14, thereby controlling the rhythm of production. The conveying speed of the conveyor belt 19 can be adjusted according to actual needs, the airflow nozzle 13 at the end of the conveyor belt can adjust the airflow speed and direction, and the first receiving bin 17 and the second receiving bin 18 below can also adjust the position and baffle angle, and the tilt angle can be appropriately adjusted according to actual needs.

After the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are transported to the starting end of the conveyor belt 19, a vibrator 16 is set at this position. The vibrator 16 can adjust the vibration frequency and amplitude so that the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are evenly distributed above the conveyor belt, and move with the conveyor belt to the X-ray sorting chamber 1. An X-ray tube 11 and a detector 12 are set inside the X-ray sorting chamber 1. After the X-ray tube 11 emits X-rays to irradiate the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery, the detector receives the X-rays after irradiating the electrode sheets, and sorts the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery through the use of the connected signal processing equipment combination. After judging the positive and negative poles and coordinates of the electrode sheets, the signal is sent to the airflow nozzle 13 below the end of the conveyor belt 19. The airflow nozzle 13 at the end of the conveyor belt 19 ejects high-pressure compressed gas. After being controlled by the signal of the X-ray sorting chamber, the airflow is controlled to spray to selectively separate the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets, and the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets fall into the first receiving bin 17 and the second receiving bin 18 after passing through the airflow nozzle 13.

The working principle of the sorting device for positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries is:

The positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are fed into the feed port 14, and then fall onto the conveyor belt 19 after passing through the fan and the vibration device 15 in sequence. The conveyor belt 19 moves the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery toward the X-ray sorting chamber 1. The positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are adjusted by the vibration of the vibrator 16 during the movement, so that the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are evenly dispersed above the conveyor belt 19. After entering the sorting chamber 1, the electrode sheets are irradiated by the rays emitted by the X-ray tube 11, which excite the electrode sheets to emit fluorescent X-rays. The signals are captured by the detector 12, and the signal processing equipment performs data analysis to determine the positive and negative electrode types of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets and determine the coordinates of the electrode sheets. The signals are sent and the airflow nozzle 13 at the end of the conveyor belt 19 is controlled, so that the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets are separated and fall into the first receiving bin 17 and the second receiving bin 18 for collection, completing the positive and negative electrode sorting of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets.

Embodiment 2

A method for recycling positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries in this embodiment uses the separation device described in the first embodiment, and includes the following steps:

S1, putting the positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries to be sorted into the feed port of the sorting device, and the positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries are quickly and dispersedly transported to the conveyor belt through the action of fans and vibration devices in the feed port;

S2, after the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are transported to the conveyor belt, the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are evenly dispersed on the conveyor belt through the vibration of the vibrator, and move toward the X-ray sorting chamber along the conveyor belt;

S3, the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery enter the X-ray sorting chamber, the electrodes are irradiated by the rays emitted by the X-ray tube, and the signals are captured by the detector, and then the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets are analyzed by the signal processing equipment connected to the detector;

S4, the airflow nozzle is controlled by the X-ray sorting chamber to spray airflow to selectively separate the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery; after the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are separated, they fall into the first receiving bin and the second receiving bin respectively, completing the sorting of the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery.

Preferably, the wind speed and vibration frequency of the fan and vibration device on the feed pipeline can be adjusted independently, and the vibration frequency of the vibrator at the starting end of the conveyor belt can be adjusted independently. The adjustment of the wind speed and vibration frequency is to quickly and evenly convey the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery to the conveyor belt and into the X-ray sorting chamber.

Preferably, the X-ray sorting chamber is provided with an X-ray tube and a detector for analyzing the positive and negative electrodes and coordinates of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets and for giving signals to control the air flow nozzles at the end of the conveyor belt; the air flow nozzles receiving the signals emit air flow, and the size and angle of the air flow can be adjusted to separate the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium-ion battery electrode sheets.

Specifically, referring to Figure 1, an X-ray tube 11 and a detector 12 are arranged inside the X-ray sorting chamber 1. After the X-ray tube 11 emits X-rays to irradiate the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery, the detector receives the fluorescent X-rays after irradiating the electrode sheets, and the positive and negative electrode sheets of the lithium-ion battery are sorted by using a combination of connected signal processing equipment. Since there are various types of recycled lithium-ion battery electrode sheets, the positive and negative electrodes of the electrode sheets have copper foil and aluminum foil coated with different battery materials, and are covered with other substances, or even bare copper foil and aluminum foil. Different types are sorted in the X-ray sorting chamber, and different signals are selected and sent to the airflow nozzle 13 for control, which is used to screen various types of positive and negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A sorting device for recycling positive and negative electrode plates of a lithium ion battery, characterized in that the sorting device comprises: the X-ray sorting chamber (1) and a feed inlet (14), an X-ray light pipe (11) and a detector (12) are arranged in the X-ray sorting chamber (1), and a conveyor belt (19) is arranged below the X-ray sorting chamber (1) and the feed inlet (14), wherein the conveyor belt (19) is used for conveying positive and negative electrode plates of a lithium ion battery to be sorted from the feed inlet (14) to the X-ray sorting chamber (1);

Be provided with fan and vibrating device (15) on the inlet feed line of feed inlet (14), the starting end of conveyer belt (19) is provided with vibrator (16), the end of conveyer belt (19) is provided with air current shower nozzle (13), conveyer belt (19) terminal below is provided with first receiving bin (17) and second receiving bin (18), first receiving bin (17) with the interval in second receiving bin (18) can be adjusted.

2. A sorting method for recycling positive and negative electrode plates of a lithium ion battery, using the sorting device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

S1, placing positive and negative electrode plates of a lithium ion battery to be sorted into a feed port of a sorting device, and enabling the positive and negative electrode plates of the lithium ion battery to be rapidly and dispersedly conveyed onto a conveyor belt under the action of a fan and a vibration device in the feed port;

s2, after the positive and negative electrode plates of the lithium ion battery are conveyed onto the conveyor belt, the positive and negative electrode plates of the lithium ion battery are uniformly distributed on the conveyor belt in a dispersed manner through the vibration of the vibrator and move towards the X-ray sorting chamber along with the conveyor belt;

s3, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate of the lithium ion battery enter an X-ray sorting chamber, the rays emitted by the X-ray light tube irradiate the electrode plate and then capture signals through a detector, and then the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrode plate of the lithium ion battery are analyzed through signal processing equipment connected with the detector;

S4, the airflow nozzle selectively separates positive and negative electrode plates of the lithium ion battery by spraying airflow through the control of the X-ray separation chamber; the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate of the lithium ion battery are separated and respectively dropped into a first receiving bin and a second receiving bin, and (5) sorting the anode and cathode electrode plates of the lithium ion battery.

3. The sorting method according to claim 1, wherein the wind speed and the vibration frequency of the fan and the vibration device on the feeding pipe can be adjusted autonomously, and the vibration frequency of the vibrator at the starting end of the conveyor belt can be adjusted autonomously, and the wind speed and the vibration frequency are adjusted so as to rapidly and uniformly and dispersedly convey the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate of the lithium ion battery to the conveyor belt and into the X-ray sorting chamber.

4. A sorting method according to claim 3, characterized in that the X-ray sorting chamber is provided with an X-ray light pipe and a detector for analysing the anode and cathode and coordinates of the lithium ion battery electrode sheet, an air jet for giving a signal to the end of the signal control conveyor belt; the airflow nozzle receiving the signals emits airflow, and the size and the angle of the airflow are adjustable and are used for separating the anode and the cathode of the electrode plate of the lithium ion battery.