CN118463905B - Measuring device and method for detecting deflection of automobile shaft parts - Google Patents
Measuring device and method for detecting deflection of automobile shaft parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN118463905B CN118463905B CN202410924205.2A CN202410924205A CN118463905B CN 118463905 B CN118463905 B CN 118463905B CN 202410924205 A CN202410924205 A CN 202410924205A CN 118463905 B CN118463905 B CN 118463905B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B21/24—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring device and a measuring method for detecting deflection of automobile shaft parts, and relates to the technical field of deflection detection of automobile shaft parts. The invention can automatically control the pressure between the probe and the shaft and the included angle between the probe and the shaft, avoid the occurrence of detection numerical deviation caused by the fact that the pressure exceeds a certain range, reduce the probability of overlarge deformation of the shaft due to the pressure, improve the detection precision, and improve the operation precision between the nut and the screw rod by accelerating the response speed between the nut and the screw rod in the adjustment process, thereby having a promotion effect on the pressure adjustment between the probe and the shaft, and enabling the pressure adjustment to be more precise and quicker.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deflection detection of automobile shaft parts, in particular to a measuring device and a measuring method for deflection detection of automobile shaft parts.
Background
The coaxiality deflection instrument is an instrument for detecting coaxiality of automobile axle parts (axle parts for short), and is used for measuring radial runout errors of the axle parts.
The publication number CN110715635A discloses a coaxiality detection device, which comprises a bottom plate, a rotary driving piece and a detection mechanism, wherein the rotary driving piece is arranged on the bottom plate, an output shaft of the rotary driving piece can extend into the positioning hole to drive the workpiece to rotate, the detection mechanism comprises a pressure sensor and a magnetic piece, the pressure sensor is arranged on the bottom plate, the magnetic piece is arranged on the pressure sensor and is close to the output shaft of the rotary driving piece so that the magnetic piece can generate suction force to the workpiece, and the pressure sensor is used for recording the pressure change of the magnetic piece to judge whether the coaxiality of the workpiece is qualified or not.
The current detection instrument on the axiality beat appearance that uses is slidable mounting on adjusting bracket, when carrying out the detection instrument and adjusting, through the height of the last probe of adjustment detection instrument, make probe and shaft part surface offset the back, rotate the locking bolt on the adjusting bracket and fix the detection instrument, unable accurate pressure between probe and the shaft part on the control detection instrument in the adjustment process, in case the pressure between probe and the shaft part exceeds certain range interval, can influence the accuracy that the probe detected and repeatability and the stability in the measurement process, if the probe receives too big pressure, can lead to the mechanical damage of probe itself or damage the measured shaft part, to the measurement of reducing shaft part simultaneously, need measure through a plurality of detection instruments simultaneously, the instrument quantity is many, it is with high costs.
Therefore, the novel measuring device for detecting the deflection of the automobile shaft parts can be adopted to solve the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of detection deviation and component damage caused by uncontrollable pressure between a probe and a shaft in the prior art, and provides a measuring device and a measuring method for detecting deflection of automobile shaft components.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the measuring device for detecting the deflection of the automobile shaft parts comprises a base, a shaft part, a clamping part and a detecting part, wherein the clamping part and the detecting part are arranged on the base and matched with the shaft part;
the clamping part comprises a bottom sliding rail fixedly arranged on the base, a limit column is fixedly arranged on the bottom sliding rail, a movable frame is jointly and slidably arranged on the bottom sliding rail and the limit column, a fixed frame is fixedly arranged on the base, and clamping mechanisms matched with the shaft parts are respectively arranged on the fixed frame and the movable frame;
The detection portion comprises two side sliding rails fixedly mounted on a base, two movable frames are mounted on the side sliding rails in a sliding mode, sliding sleeves are mounted on the movable frames through lifting mechanisms, telescopic rods are fixedly mounted on the sliding sleeves, connecting blocks are mounted on the telescopic rods in a rotating mode through rotating shafts, detection instruments are fixedly mounted on the connecting blocks in a clamping mode, the detection instruments consist of detection instruments and probes, and adjusting mechanisms are mounted between the connecting blocks and the telescopic rods.
Preferably, a plurality of limit pulleys matched with the bottom sliding rail are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the movable frame, a first limit block and a second limit block are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the movable frame, limit holes matched with the limit posts are formed in the first limit block and the second limit block, threaded holes are formed in the movable frame and the second limit block, and screws matched with the limit posts are rotatably arranged in the threaded holes in a threaded mode.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism comprises a vertical rail fixedly arranged on a movable frame and a fixed frame, two driving wheels are rotatably arranged on the movable frame and the fixed frame, a fixed plate is slidably arranged on the vertical rail, an adjusting cross rod is slidably arranged on the fixed plate, a shaft body is slidably arranged on the adjusting cross rod, a pressing wheel matched with the corresponding driving wheels is fixedly arranged on the shaft body, and a driving structure matched with the driving wheels on the fixed frame is arranged on the fixed frame.
Preferably, the fixing plate and the vertical rail, the adjusting cross rod and the fixing plate and the shaft body and the adjusting cross rod are locked through locking bolts.
Preferably, the driving structure comprises two rotating shafts fixedly mounted on the driving wheel, the two rotating shafts are rotatably connected with the fixing frame, the two rotating shafts penetrate through and extend out of the fixing frame, a knob is rotatably mounted on the fixing frame, a belt roller is fixedly mounted on the two rotating shafts and the knob, and a belt is sleeved between the three belt rollers.
Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises two upright posts fixedly installed on the movable frame, two through holes matched with the corresponding upright posts are formed in the sliding sleeve, a fixed disc is fixedly installed at the upper ends of the upright posts, a motor is fixedly installed on the fixed disc, a screw rod is fixedly installed at the driving end of the motor, one end, far away from the motor, of the screw rod is rotationally connected with the movable frame, and nuts matched with the screw rod are fixedly installed on the sliding sleeve.
Preferably, the nut comprises flange nut and barrel nut, fixed connection between flange nut and the sliding sleeve, fixed mounting has a plurality of gas springs on the flange nut, every the flexible end of gas spring is all fixed mounting has a ejector pin, every be fixed connection between ejector pin and the barrel nut.
Preferably, the detecting instrument back is fixedly provided with two convex steel bars, the connecting block is provided with two convex sliding grooves matched with the corresponding convex steel bars, the bottom of the connecting block is provided with a threaded hole II, and a bolt matched with the convex steel bars is rotatably arranged in the threaded hole II.
Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises a hoop fixedly arranged at the telescopic end of the telescopic rod, a pressure controller, a mini cylinder, an arc sleeve and a transformer are fixedly arranged on the hoop, an arc slide rod which is rotationally connected with the connecting block is slidably arranged in the arc sleeve, a supporting column is fixedly arranged on the arc slide rod, an elastic telescopic rod is fixedly arranged at the driving end of the mini cylinder, and a roller matched with the supporting column is rotationally arranged at the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod;
The device is characterized in that a permanent magnet is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the connecting block, of the arc slide bar, a pressure sensor is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the arc slide bar, of the arc sleeve, the pressure sensor is located inside the arc sleeve, an electromagnet is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the arc slide bar, of the pressure sensor, the electromagnet is connected with the transformer, and a laser ranging head matched with the pressure controller is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the detection instrument.
The invention also provides a measuring method for detecting the deflection of the automobile shaft parts, which is used for the measuring device for detecting the deflection of the automobile shaft parts and comprises the following steps:
S1, when shaft detection is carried out, firstly, placing a shaft on a fixed frame and a movable frame, then moving the position of the movable frame to enable the movable frame to slide on a bottom sliding rail and a limiting column, enabling the movable frame to be located on one side of the shaft far away from the fixed frame, and then locking the shaft through a clamping mechanism;
S2, after the shaft piece is locked, the movable frame is manually moved, the movable frame can slide on the side sliding rail, so that a detection instrument on the movable frame is positioned above a detected position of the shaft piece, and then the position of the detection instrument is adjusted through the telescopic rod, so that a probe on the detection instrument is positioned right above the detected position of the shaft piece;
S3, driving the sliding sleeve to descend through the lifting mechanism, automatically sensing and automatically adjusting the inclination of the detection instrument through the adjusting mechanism in the descending process of the detection instrument, enabling the side edge of the probe on the detection instrument to prop against the shaft piece, rotating the shaft piece after the probe props against the shaft piece, and detecting the deflection of the shaft piece, wherein the detected result is directly displayed on the detection instrument;
s4, in the detection process, the pressing force between the shaft element and the probe is changed due to the deflection of the shaft element, so that the height of the detection instrument can be automatically adjusted through the lifting mechanism for more accurate detection, the pressing force between the probe and the shaft element is changed, the pressing force is controlled within the moving range, and multiple detection is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1: this device is carrying out car axle class spare part beat testing process, through motor drive lead screw rotation, cooperation flange nut for the instrumentation removes, thereby make probe on the instrumentation offset with the shaft part, then the use of cooperation pressure sensor, can carry out real-time detection to the pressure degree of supporting between probe and the shaft part, with signal transmission to the motor, carry out real-time pressure regulation, steerable probe and the shaft part between the pressure size, avoid the pressure to surpass the condition emergence that the certain limit caused the detection numerical deviation, keep the pressure between probe and the shaft part in the certain limit simultaneously, reduce the probability that the shaft part warp because of pressure, improve the accuracy of detection.
2: This device is carrying out car axle class spare part beat testing process, through setting up the nut of constituteing by flange nut and section of thick bamboo nut, increase the lead screw rotate the time with the area of contact between the nut to ensure the reaction rate between lead screw and the nut, reduce the lead screw and lead to the probability that the nut displacement produces the deviation because of long-term use wearing and tearing, make the nut displacement more accurate, have the promotion effect to the pressure between control probe and the shaft part, can more accurately adjust the pressure between probe and the shaft part soon.
3: This device is carrying out car axle class spare part beat testing process, through set up gas spring and ejector pin between flange nut and barrel nut, can produce a pressure effort to barrel nut, should support and press the effort and can make tightly support between barrel nut and the lead screw, reduce the clearance between barrel nut and the lead screw, improve the response speed when operating between barrel nut and the lead screw to improve the accuracy of pressure regulation between probe and the shaft member.
4: The device can scan and detect the diameter of the detected shaft through the laser ranging head and the mini cylinder in the deflection detection process of the automobile shaft parts, then adjust the included angle between the probe and the shaft on the detection instrument according to the detection result, and is suitable for shaft parts with different sizes, and meanwhile, the angle of the probe can be automatically adjusted for detecting the same diameter-variable shaft part, so that the application range is wider.
In summary, the invention can automatically control the pressure between the probe and the shaft and the included angle between the probe and the shaft, avoid the occurrence of detection numerical deviation caused by the fact that the pressure exceeds a certain range, reduce the probability of overlarge deformation of the shaft due to the pressure, improve the detection precision, and improve the operation precision between the nut and the screw rod by accelerating the response speed between the nut and the screw rod in the adjusting process, thereby having a promotion effect on the pressure adjustment between the probe and the shaft, and enabling the pressure adjustment to be more precise and rapid.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device for detecting deflection of automobile axle parts according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic detailed view of the base and the fixing frame in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic detailed view of the structure of the mobile frame and the riser of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic detailed view of the structure of FIG. 3 rotated by a certain angle;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic detail view of the motor, meter, fixed disk and upright of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic detail view of the structure of FIG. 5 rotated by a certain angle;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic detail view of the telescopic rod, connecting block and test meter of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic detail view of the structure of FIG. 7 with the telescoping rod, connecting block and instrumentation removed;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic detail view of the mini cylinder, the arc slide bar, the arc sleeve and the transformer of FIG. 8 after the rotational movement angle;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic detail view of the arc sleeve, arc slide bar and transformer of FIG. 9 rotated by a certain angle;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic detail view of the lead screw and nut of FIG. 5;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged schematic detail view of the gas spring of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged schematic detail view of the mobile carriage of FIG. 3;
fig. 14 is an enlarged schematic detailed view of the meter and the connection block of fig. 6.
In the figure: 1 base, 2 fixing frame, 3 moving frame, 4 stand, 5 vertical rail, 6 adjusting cross bar, 7 fixed disk, 8 motor, 9 detecting instrument, 10 shaft, 11 knob, 12 belt roller, 13 belt, 14 side sliding rail, 15 pressing wheel, 16 driving wheel, 17 bottom sliding rail, 18 fixed plate, 19 limiting pulley, 20 limiting block I, 21 limiting column, 22 limiting block II, 23 movable frame, 24 sliding sleeve, 25 screw rod, 26 telescopic rod, 27 connecting block, 28 barrel nut, 29 flange nut, 30 hoop, 31 pressure controller, 32 mini cylinder, 33 arc sleeve, 34 arc sliding rod, 35 transformer, 36 elastic telescopic rod, 37 barrel, 38 pressing column, 39 permanent magnet, 40 electromagnet, 41 pressure sensor, 42 gas spring, 43 ejector rod, 44 limiting hole, 45 screw rod, 46 threaded hole I, 47 convex sliding chute, 48 convex steel bar, 49 bolt.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one: referring to fig. 1 to 4, a measuring device for detecting deflection of automobile shaft parts comprises a base 1, a shaft member 10, a clamping part and a detecting part, wherein the clamping part and the detecting part are arranged on the base 1 and matched with the shaft member 10;
the clamping part is used for locking the shaft element 10, ensures that the two ends of the shaft element 10 are positioned on the same horizontal line, ensures that the shaft element 10 keeps horizontal when rotating, provides a horizontal basis for coaxiality detection of the shaft element 10, and the detection part is used for detecting coaxiality of the shaft element 10.
The clamping part comprises a bottom sliding rail 17 fixedly arranged on the base 1, a limit column 21 is fixedly arranged on the bottom sliding rail 17, and a movable frame 3 is arranged on the bottom sliding rail 17 and the limit column 21 in a sliding manner;
The bottom of the movable frame 3 is rotatably provided with a plurality of limit pulleys 19 matched with the bottom slide rail 17, when the movable frame 3 is moved, the limit pulleys 19 can slide on the bottom slide rail 17, and the sliding friction when the movable frame 3 is moved is replaced by the rolling of the limit pulleys 19, so that the friction force is effectively reduced, the abrasion is reduced, and the movable frame 3 is moved more smoothly;
The bottom of the movable frame 3 is fixedly provided with a first limit block 20 and a second limit block 22, both the first limit block 20 and the second limit block 22 are provided with limit holes 44 matched with the limit posts 21, the movable frame 3 and the second limit block 22 are provided with threaded holes 46, and a screw 45 matched with the limit posts 21 is rotatably arranged in the threaded holes 46;
One end of the shaft member 10 is required to be placed between the two driving wheels 16 on the fixed frame 2, then the movable frame 3 is moved, the other end of the shaft member 10 is placed between the two driving wheels 16 on the movable frame 3, then the screw 45 on the movable frame 3 is rotated, the bottom of the screw 45 abuts against the limiting column 21, and the movable frame 3 is locked.
A fixed frame 2 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, and clamping mechanisms matched with the shaft element 10 are respectively arranged on the fixed frame 2 and the movable frame 3; the shaft member 10 is clamped and fixed by the clamping mechanism, so that the rotation stability of the shaft member 10 is ensured.
In a further embodiment, the clamping mechanism comprises vertical rails 5 fixedly arranged on the movable frame 3 and the fixed frame 2, two driving wheels 16 are rotatably arranged on the movable frame 3 and the fixed frame 2, a fixed plate 18 is slidably arranged on each vertical rail 5, and an adjusting cross rod 6 is slidably arranged on each fixed plate 18;
The two adjusting cross bars 6 are respectively and slidably provided with a shaft body, the two shaft bodies are respectively and fixedly provided with a pressing wheel 15 matched with a corresponding driving wheel 16, and the fixing frame 2 is provided with a driving structure matched with the two driving wheels 16 on the fixing frame 2; the fixing plate 18 and the vertical rail 5, the adjusting cross bar 6 and the fixing plate 18 and the shaft body and the adjusting cross bar 6 are all locked by locking bolts;
After the movable frame 3 is locked, the locking bolt for locking the adjusting cross rod 6 is loosened, the position of the adjusting cross rod 6 is moved to enable the pressing wheel 15 to be located above the shaft piece 10, then the adjusting cross rod 6 is locked, and then the locking bolt for unlocking and fixing the shaft body is loosened, as shown in fig. 2-3, the end face of the adjusting cross rod 6 is circular, therefore, when the adjusting cross rod 6 loses the locking of the locking bolt, the adjusting cross rod 6 can rotate on the fixing plate 18 around the axis of the adjusting cross rod, so that the angle of the pressing wheel 15 is adjusted, the axis of the pressing wheel 15 is parallel to the axis of the driving wheel 16, then the shaft body is locked, finally the locking bolt for locking the fixing plate 18 is loosened, the height of the fixing plate 18 is adjusted, the pressing wheel 15 is abutted against the shaft piece 10, and then the fixing plate 18 is locked, and the locking of the shaft piece 10 is completed.
Embodiment two: the technical scheme of the present embodiment different from the first embodiment is that: referring to fig. 1, 5-6 and 11-12, the detecting part comprises two side slide rails 14 fixedly installed on the base 1, a movable frame 23 is installed on the two side slide rails 14 in a sliding manner, and a sliding sleeve 24 is installed on the movable frame 23 through a lifting mechanism;
The lifting mechanism comprises two upright posts 4 fixedly mounted on the movable frame 23, two through holes matched with the corresponding upright posts 4 are formed in the sliding sleeve 24, the diameters of the through holes are equal to those of the upright posts 4, the upright posts 4 are ensured to be clung to the sliding sleeve 24, the stability of the sliding sleeve 24 in the lifting process is ensured, and the sliding sleeve 24 is prevented from being deviated and inclined;
the upper ends of the two upright posts 4 are fixedly provided with a fixed disk 7 together, the fixed disk 7 is fixedly provided with a motor 8, the driving end of the motor 8 is fixedly provided with a screw rod 25, one end of the screw rod 25 far away from the motor 8 is rotationally connected with the movable frame 23, and the sliding sleeve 24 is fixedly provided with a nut matched with the screw rod 25;
Starting the motor 8, and driving the motor 8 to rotate so as to drive a screw rod 25 fixedly connected with the motor 8 to rotate, wherein the screw rod 25 rotates so as to drive a nut to move, and the nut drives a sliding sleeve 24 to move on the upright post 4, so that the lifting operation of the sliding sleeve 24 is realized;
The nut consists of a flange nut 29 and a barrel nut 28, the flange nut 29 is fixedly connected with the sliding sleeve 24, a plurality of gas springs 42 are fixedly arranged on the flange nut 29, a push rod 43 is fixedly arranged at the telescopic end of each gas spring 42, and each push rod 43 is fixedly connected with the barrel nut 28; the reason why the gas spring 42 is used instead of the ordinary spring is that the gas spring 42 has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high rigidity, long service life and the like, and has good corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, and the ordinary spring may have the problems of easy wear, easy deformation and the like.
Because the high frequency of lead screw 25 just reverses, can cause lead screw 25 wearing and tearing, can produce the clearance between lead screw 25 and the nut, once the lead screw 25 rotation direction changes this moment, this clearance can influence the response speed of nut, and under the effect of air spring 42 and ejector pin 43 this moment, can make barrel nut 28 hug closely with lead screw 25 all the time, improves the response speed of nut.
Embodiment III: the technical scheme of the present embodiment different from the second embodiment is that: referring to fig. 1, 5-10, a telescopic rod 26 is fixedly installed on a sliding sleeve 24, a connecting block 27 is rotatably installed on the telescopic rod 26 through a rotating shaft, a detection instrument 9 is fixedly installed on the connecting block 27 in a clamping manner, two convex steel bars 48 are fixedly installed on the back of the detection instrument 9, and two convex sliding grooves 47 matched with the corresponding convex steel bars 48 are formed in the connecting block 27 (one end of each convex sliding groove 47 penetrates through the connecting block 27, and the other end of each convex sliding groove 47 is not in a penetrating design);
A second threaded hole is formed in the bottom of the connecting block 27, and a bolt 49 matched with the convex steel bar 48 is rotatably arranged in the second threaded hole in a threaded manner; the convex steel bar 48 at the back of the detection instrument 9 is inserted into the convex sliding groove 47 on the connecting block 27, one end of the convex steel bar 48 abuts against the end of the connecting block 27, then the bolt 49 is rotated, the bolt 49 passes through the threaded hole II and abuts against the convex steel bar 48 at the upper part to lock the convex steel bar 48, and thus the design is convenient for assembling and disassembling the detection instrument 9.
The detecting instrument 9 is composed of a detector and a probe, and detects the coaxiality of the shaft 10 by the pressing between the probe and the shaft 10. An adjusting mechanism is arranged between the connecting block 27 and the telescopic rod 26;
The adjusting mechanism comprises a hoop 30 fixedly arranged at the telescopic end of a telescopic rod 26, a pressure controller 31, a mini cylinder 32, an arc sleeve 33 and a transformer 35 are fixedly arranged on the hoop 30, an arc slide rod 34 which is rotationally connected with a connecting block 27 is slidably arranged on the arc sleeve 33, a supporting column 38 is fixedly arranged on the arc slide rod 34, an elastic telescopic rod 36 is fixedly arranged at the driving end of the mini cylinder 32, and a roller 37 which is matched with the supporting column 38 is rotationally arranged at the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 36;
In the moving process of the elastic telescopic rod 36, the roller 37 can be propped against the arc-shaped sleeve 33, so that the elastic telescopic rod 36 can freely stretch out and draw back, the radians of the arc-shaped sleeve 33 and the arc-shaped slide rod 34 are equal, and the radians are all a part of the circumference of a rotating shaft around the end part of the telescopic rod 26, so that the arc-shaped slide rod 34 can slide smoothly in the arc-shaped sleeve 33.
In the process of adjusting the inclination angle of the detection instrument 9, the laser ranging head transmits signals to the pressure controller 31, the pressure controller 31 controls the mini cylinder 32 to operate, the mini cylinder 32 is communicated with an external air source, when the driving end of the mini cylinder 32 moves to one side close to the hoop 30, the arc slide rod 34 is driven to slide in the arc sleeve 33 under the action of the roller 37 at the moment, so that the inclination angle of the detection instrument 9 is changed, and after the inclination angle of the detection instrument 9 is adjusted, the detection instrument 9 is continuously moved downwards, so that a probe on the detection instrument 9 is contacted with the shaft element 10.
In a further embodiment, a permanent magnet 39 is fixedly arranged at one end of the arc slide bar 34 far away from the connecting block 27, a pressure sensor 41 is fixedly arranged at one end of the arc sleeve 33 far away from the arc slide bar 34, the pressure sensor 41 is positioned in the arc sleeve 33, an electromagnet 40 is fixedly arranged at one end of the pressure sensor 41 close to the arc slide bar 34, the electromagnet 40 is connected with the transformer 35 (the transformer 35 is connected with an external power supply, and according to ohm's law, the larger the voltage is, the larger the current is, the stronger the magnetism of the electromagnet 40 is), and a laser ranging head matched with the pressure controller 31 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the detecting instrument 9;
In the process of inclination adjustment of the detection instrument 9, the pressure controller 31 also controls the transformer 35 to operate to change the voltage on the electromagnet 40, so that the repulsive force between the electromagnet 40 and the permanent magnet 39 is ensured to be dynamically changed before detection, the pressure value received by the pressure sensor 41 is fixed, the value is set to be 0 DEG, the mini cylinder 32 and the transformer 35 operate synchronously, and when the mini cylinder 32 stops operating; the transformer 35 stops operating, and the repulsive force between the electromagnet 40 and the permanent magnet 39 is stabilized.
Embodiment four: the technical scheme of the present embodiment different from the third embodiment is that: referring to fig. 1-2 and 6-10, a driving structure matched with two driving wheels 16 on the fixing frame 2 is mounted on the fixing frame 2, the driving structure comprises two rotating shafts fixedly mounted on the driving wheels 16, the two rotating shafts are in rotary connection with the fixing frame 2, the two rotating shafts penetrate through and extend out of the fixing frame 2, a knob 11 is rotatably mounted on the fixing frame 2, a belt roller 12 is fixedly mounted on each of the two rotating shafts and the knob 11, and a belt 13 is sleeved between the three belt rollers 12;
Finally, the coaxiality of the shaft element 10 is detected, the knob 11 is rotated, the other two belt rollers 12 are driven to rotate under the action of the belt 13 and the belt rollers 12 on the knob 11, so that the two driving wheels 16 on the fixing frame 2 are driven to rotate through the rotating shaft, the pressing wheel 15 is matched to drive the shaft element 10 to rotate, then the coaxiality of the shaft element 10 is detected through the probe, in the detection process, the pressing probe is enabled to be pressed at the moment due to the fact that the coaxiality of the shaft element 10 changes, the pressing acting force is conducted onto the arc-shaped slide rod 34 through the detection instrument 9 and the connecting block 27, the arc-shaped slide rod 34 is enabled to move, the distance between the permanent magnet 39 and the electromagnet 40 is shortened due to the movement of the arc-shaped slide rod 34, the pressure sensor 41 senses pressure to be increased at the moment, the driving end of the motor 8 is controlled to reversely move after the sensing pressure reaches a certain degree, the detection instrument 9 is driven to move upwards, the pressing acting force between the probe and the shaft element 10 is reduced, and the low pressure between the probe and the shaft element 10 is stabilized within a certain range.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a measuring method for detecting the deflection of the automobile axle parts, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
S1, before the shaft element 10 is detected, one end of the shaft element 10 is required to be placed between two driving wheels 16 on a fixed frame 2, then a movable frame 3 is moved, the other end of the shaft element 10 is placed between the two driving wheels 16 on the movable frame 3, then a screw 45 positioned on the movable frame 3 is rotated, the bottom of the screw 45 is propped against a limit column 21, and the movable frame 3 is locked;
S2, after the movable frame 3 is locked, the pressing wheel 15 is pressed against the shaft element 10 by adjusting the height of the fixed plate 18 and the position of the cross rod 6, then the fixed plate 18, the adjusting cross rod 6 and the shaft body are fixed by locking bolts, and the shaft element 10 is clamped and locked by matching with the driving wheel 16;
S3, starting a motor 8, wherein the driving end of the motor 8 rotates to drive a screw rod 25 fixedly connected with the motor 8 to rotate, the screw rod 25 rotates to drive a nut to move, and the nut drives a sliding sleeve 24 to move, so that a telescopic rod 26, a connecting block 27 and a detection instrument 9 are driven to move, and in the moving process of the detection instrument 9, a laser ranging head at the bottom of the detection instrument 9 can automatically detect the diameter of a shaft element 10, and the inclination angle of the detection instrument 9 is adjusted according to the diameter;
S4, in the process of adjusting the inclination angle of the detection instrument 9, a laser ranging head transmits a signal to a pressure controller 31, the pressure controller 31 controls a mini cylinder 32 to operate, and when the driving end of the mini cylinder 32 moves to one side close to the hoop 30, an arc slide rod 34 is driven to slide in an arc sleeve 33 under the action of a roller 37, so that the inclination angle of the detection instrument 9 is changed;
S5, in the inclination adjustment process of the detection instrument 9, the pressure controller 31 also controls the transformer 35 to operate so as to change the voltage on the electromagnet 40, so that the repulsive force between the electromagnet 40 and the permanent magnet 39 is kept dynamically changed before detection, the pressure value received by the pressure sensor 41 is fixed, the value is set to be 0 DEG, the mini cylinder 32 and the transformer 35 operate synchronously, and when the mini cylinder 32 stops operating; the transformer 35 stops operating, and the repulsive force between the electromagnet 40 and the permanent magnet 39 is stable;
S6, finally, coaxiality detection of the shaft element 10 is carried out, the knob 11 is rotated, the other two belt rollers 12 are driven to rotate under the action of the belt 13 and the belt rollers 12 on the knob 11, so that the two driving wheels 16 on the fixing frame 2 are driven to rotate through the rotating shaft, the pressing wheel 15 is matched to drive the shaft element 10 to rotate, then, coaxiality of the shaft element 10 is detected through the probe, in the detection process, the pressing probe is enabled to be pressed at the moment due to coaxiality change of the shaft element 10, the pressing acting force is conducted onto the arc-shaped slide rod 34 through the detection instrument 9 and the connecting block 27, the arc-shaped slide rod 34 is enabled to move, the distance between the permanent magnet 39 and the electromagnet 40 is reduced due to movement of the arc-shaped slide rod 34, at the moment, the pressure sensor 41 senses pressure to be increased, after the sensing pressure reaches a certain degree, the driving end of the motor 8 is controlled to reversely move, the detection instrument 9 is driven to move upwards, the pressing acting force between the probe and the shaft element 10 is reduced, in the process, the coaxiality change speed is high, and the change frequency is high, and therefore the rotating direction change frequency of the screw 25 is high;
S7, due to the fact that the screw rod 25 is worn due to the fact that the screw rod 25 is positively and reversely rotated at high frequency, a gap is formed between the screw rod 25 and the nut, once the rotation direction of the screw rod 25 is changed, the gap can influence the response speed of the nut, and at the moment, the barrel nut 28 can be always clung to the screw rod 25 under the action of the air spring 42 and the ejector rod 43, so that the response speed of the nut is improved;
S8, when the detection position is changed, only the movable frame 23 is required to be moved, so that the probe on the detection instrument 9 is aligned with the detected position of the shaft element 10, and in the process of moving the movable frame 23, the driving end of the motor 8 is reversed to drive the probe to move, so that the probe is separated from the shaft element 10, and the probe and the shaft element 10 are prevented from being scratched.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The measuring device for detecting the deflection of the automobile shaft parts comprises a base (1) and a shaft piece (10), and is characterized by further comprising a clamping part and a detecting part, wherein the clamping part and the detecting part are arranged on the base (1) and matched with the shaft piece (10);
The clamping part comprises a bottom sliding rail (17) fixedly arranged on the base (1), a limit column (21) is fixedly arranged on the bottom sliding rail (17), a movable frame (3) is jointly and slidably arranged on the bottom sliding rail (17) and the limit column (21), a fixed frame (2) is fixedly arranged on the base (1), and clamping mechanisms matched with the shaft (10) are respectively arranged on the fixed frame (2) and the movable frame (3);
A plurality of limit pulleys (19) matched with the bottom sliding rail (17) are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the movable frame (3), a first limit block (20) and a second limit block (22) are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the movable frame (3), limit holes (44) matched with the limit posts (21) are formed in the first limit block (20) and the second limit block (22), threaded holes (46) are formed in the movable frame (3) and the second limit block (22), and screws (45) matched with the limit posts (21) are rotatably arranged in the threaded holes (46) in a threaded mode;
the detection part comprises two side slide rails (14) fixedly arranged on the base (1), a movable frame (23) is arranged on the two side slide rails (14) in a sliding manner, and a sliding sleeve (24) is arranged on the movable frame (23) through a lifting mechanism;
the lifting mechanism comprises two upright posts (4) fixedly arranged on a movable frame (23), two through holes matched with the corresponding upright posts (4) are formed in a sliding sleeve (24), a fixed disc (7) is fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the two upright posts (4) together, a motor (8) is fixedly arranged on the fixed disc (7), a screw rod (25) is fixedly arranged at the driving end of the motor (8), one end, far away from the motor (8), of the screw rod (25) is rotationally connected with the movable frame (23), and nuts matched with the screw rod (25) are fixedly arranged on the sliding sleeve (24);
a telescopic rod (26) is fixedly installed on the sliding sleeve (24), a connecting block (27) is rotatably installed on the telescopic rod (26) through a rotating shaft, a detection instrument (9) is fixedly installed on the connecting block (27) in a clamping mode, the detection instrument (9) consists of a detection instrument and a probe, and an adjusting mechanism is installed between the connecting block (27) and the telescopic rod (26);
The adjusting mechanism comprises a hoop (30) fixedly arranged at the telescopic end of a telescopic rod (26), a pressure controller (31), a mini cylinder (32), an arc sleeve (33) and a transformer (35) are fixedly arranged on the hoop (30), an arc slide rod (34) rotationally connected with a connecting block (27) is slidably arranged in the arc sleeve (33), a supporting column (38) is fixedly arranged on the arc slide rod (34), an elastic telescopic rod (36) is fixedly arranged at the driving end of the mini cylinder (32), and a roller (37) matched with the supporting column (38) is rotationally arranged at the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod (36);
the utility model discloses a laser range finding device for the electric power machine, including arc slide bar (34), connecting block (27) and pressure controller (31), arc slide bar (34) are kept away from on one end fixed mounting has permanent magnet (39), arc sleeve (33) are kept away from on one end of arc slide bar (34) fixed mounting has pressure sensor (41), pressure sensor (41) are located inside arc sleeve (33), pressure sensor (41) are close to on one end fixed mounting of arc slide bar (34) have electro-magnet (40), be connected between electro-magnet (40) and transformer (35), instrumentation (9) bottom fixed mounting have with pressure controller (31) matched with laser range finding head.
2. The measuring device for detecting the deflection of automobile axle parts according to claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises vertical rails (5) fixedly installed on the movable frame (3) and the fixed frame (2), two driving wheels (16) are rotatably installed on the movable frame (3) and the fixed frame (2), a fixing plate (18) is slidably installed on each vertical rail (5), an adjusting cross rod (6) is slidably installed on each fixing plate (18), an axle body is slidably installed on each adjusting cross rod (6), pressing wheels (15) matched with the corresponding driving wheels (16) are fixedly installed on each axle body, and driving structures matched with the two driving wheels (16) on the fixed frame (2) are installed on the fixed frame (2).
3. Measuring device for detecting deflection of automotive axle parts according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixing plate (18) and the vertical rail (5), the adjusting cross bar (6) and the fixing plate (18) and the axle body and the adjusting cross bar (6) are locked by locking bolts.
4. The measuring device for detecting the deflection of automobile shaft parts according to claim 2, wherein the driving structure comprises two rotating shafts fixedly arranged on a driving wheel (16), the two rotating shafts are rotatably connected with a fixing frame (2), the two rotating shafts penetrate through and extend out of the fixing frame (2), a knob (11) is rotatably arranged on the fixing frame (2), a belt roller (12) is fixedly arranged on each of the two rotating shafts and the knob (11), and a belt (13) is sleeved between the three belt rollers (12).
5. The measuring device for detecting deflection of automobile shaft parts according to claim 1, wherein the nut comprises a flange nut (29) and a barrel nut (28), the flange nut (29) is fixedly connected with the sliding sleeve (24), a plurality of gas springs (42) are fixedly arranged on the flange nut (29), a push rod (43) is fixedly arranged at the telescopic end of each gas spring (42), and each push rod (43) is fixedly connected with the barrel nut (28).
6. The measuring device for detecting the deflection of the automobile shaft parts according to claim 1, wherein the back of the detecting instrument (9) is fixedly provided with two convex steel bars (48), the connecting block (27) is provided with two convex sliding grooves (47) matched with the corresponding convex steel bars (48), the bottom of the connecting block (27) is provided with a threaded hole II, and a bolt (49) matched with the convex steel bars (48) is rotatably arranged in the threaded hole II.
7. A measuring method for detecting deflection of automobile axle parts, which is used for the measuring device for detecting deflection of automobile axle parts according to any one of claims 1-6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, when the shaft (10) is detected, firstly, the shaft (10) is placed on a fixed frame (2) and a movable frame (3), then, the position of the movable frame (3) is moved, the movable frame (3) slides on a bottom sliding rail (17) and a limiting column (21), the movable frame (3) is positioned on one side, far away from the fixed frame (2), of the shaft (10), and then, the shaft (10) is locked through a clamping mechanism;
S2, after the shaft (10) is locked, the movable frame (23) is manually moved, the movable frame (23) can slide on the side sliding rail (14) to enable the detection instrument (9) on the movable frame (23) to be positioned above the detected position of the shaft (10), and then the position of the detection instrument (9) is adjusted through the telescopic rod (26) to enable the probe on the detection instrument to be positioned right above the detected position of the shaft (10);
S3, driving the sliding sleeve (24) to descend through the lifting mechanism, automatically sensing and automatically adjusting the inclination of the detection instrument (9) through the adjusting mechanism in the descending process of the detection instrument, enabling the side edge of the probe on the detection instrument (9) to prop against the shaft (10), rotating the shaft (10) after the probe props against the shaft (10), and detecting the deflection of the shaft (10), wherein the detected result is directly displayed on the detection instrument (9);
s4, in the detection process, the deflection of the shaft element (10) can cause the change of the pressing force between the shaft element (10) and the probe, so that the height of the detection instrument (9) can be automatically adjusted through the lifting mechanism for achieving more accurate detection, and the pressing force between the probe and the shaft element (10) is changed, so that the detection is completed for a plurality of times.
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| CN121297763A (en) * | 2025-12-12 | 2026-01-09 | 承德苏垦银河汽车零部件有限公司 | A device and method for detecting the roundness of heat-treated shaft parts |
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| CN219083991U (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-05-26 | 运怡（北京）医疗器械有限公司 | Portable concentric runout detection tool |
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| US4679330A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-07-14 | Williams Kenneth L | Concentricity gauge |
| DE102007024905A1 (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2008-12-04 | Siemens Ag | Method for calibration of measuring system with four measuring points for measurement of suspension geometry of vehicle, involves measuring two measuring probes serving for measurement of two wheels of axle |
| CN102147228B (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2012-10-24 | 方君伟 | Concentric inclined measuring device |
| JP3200346U (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-10-15 | 雄華機械（蘇州）有限公司 | Testable fixture with fixing effect |
| CN108714701A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-10-30 | 广州大学 | A kind of Machining of Shaft-type Parts device |
| CN110595348A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-20 | 滕州市尚大自动化装备有限公司 | Automatic detection device |
| CN217465770U (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-09-20 | 机械工业第六设计研究院有限公司 | Multi-axial-diameter centering mechanism for shaft parts |
| CN220206635U (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-12-19 | 山东海乾车桥有限公司 | Shaft deflection detection device |
| CN220250883U (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-12-26 | 山东聊城德润机电科技发展有限公司 | Coaxiality measurement gauge |
| CN221223751U (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-06-25 | 合肥市久环模具设备制造有限公司 | Coaxial detection device of cold accumulator frock |
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