CN118456244A - Single motor driven planetary polishing device and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a single-motor-driven planetary polishing device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of polishing equipment. A single motor driven planetary polishing device and a method for using the same, comprising: the device comprises a mounting base, wherein a bearing column is fixedly arranged on one side of the mounting base, a pressing plate is connected to the bearing column in a sliding manner, a bearing plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the pressing plate, a plurality of outer polishing rollers are annularly arranged below the bearing plate, a three-jaw chuck is further rotationally connected to the mounting base, and a rotating mechanism is arranged on one side of the three-jaw chuck. According to the technical scheme, the bearing column, the outer polishing roller and the rotating mechanism are arranged, when a columnar or tubular object is polished, a worker fixes the object through the three-jaw chuck, and under the action of the rotating mechanism, the three-jaw chuck drives the object to rotate, so that the worker can polish the device conveniently and rapidly, and meanwhile, the device is simple in structure and easy to use on a construction site.

Description

Single motor driven planetary polishing device and use method thereof

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of polishing equipment, and more specifically, to a single-motor driven planetary polishing device and a method of using the same.

Background Art

As a widely used surface treatment technology, polishing can make the surface of the product smooth and flat, effectively improving the quality and value of the object. In the process of polishing a specified product, in order to improve the polishing efficiency, the relevant staff often use a single motor driven planetary polishing device.

The document with prior art publication number CN108673322A provides a planetary wheel polishing device, which can perform batch polishing operations on workpieces of different sizes by setting a power source, and can ensure polishing efficiency and polishing quality; it is easy to produce and manufacture, has moderate cost, and is suitable for promotion and use in small and medium-sized enterprises.

Although the above-mentioned existing technical solutions have high polishing efficiency, they still have the following defects: users often need to polish columnar or tubular products during actual construction or product manufacturing, while the above-mentioned technical solutions are only applicable to polishing flat objects. At the same time, most of the traditional tubular polishing equipment on the market has a complex structure and a large volume, which is not convenient for workers to use at the construction site. In view of this, we propose a single-motor driven planetary polishing device and its use method.

Summary of the invention

1. Technical problems to be solved

The purpose of the present application is to provide a single-motor driven planetary polishing device and a method of using the same, which solves the technical problem that it is difficult to polish cylindrical or tubular products in the prior art. When grinding and polishing cylindrical or tubular objects, the worker fixes the object with a three-jaw chuck, and under the action of a rotating mechanism, the three-jaw chuck drives the object to rotate, so that the worker can polish such equipment conveniently and quickly. At the same time, the simple structure makes it easy for the worker to use it at the construction site.

2. Technical solution

An embodiment of the present application provides a single-motor driven planetary polishing device, comprising: a mounting base, a bearing column fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting base, a pressure plate slidably connected to the bearing column, a receiving plate fixedly mounted on one side of the pressure plate, a plurality of external grinding rollers are annularly mounted below the receiving plate, a three-jaw chuck is also rotatably connected to the mounting base, a rotating mechanism is mounted on one side of the three-jaw chuck, and the rotating mechanism is used to drive the three-jaw chuck to rotate.

By adopting the above technical solution, the staff fixes the object to be polished by the three-jaw chuck, and then moves the pressing plate downward with the staff hand, so that the outer grinding roller is in close contact with the outer wall of the object to be polished. Under the action of the rotating mechanism, the three-jaw chuck drives the object to rotate, and the outer grinding roller polishes it immediately. This method allows the staff to polish such equipment conveniently and quickly, and the simple structure is easy for the staff to use at the construction site.

As an optional solution of the technical solution of the present application document, a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the bearing column, and the spring is in abutment with the pressure plate.

By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the spring makes it easy to support and reset the pressure plate.

As an optional solution to the technical solution of the present application document, a positioning plate is fixedly installed under the receiving plate, a limiting groove is provided on the positioning plate, an adjustment block is slidably connected in the limiting groove, a connecting rod for installing an external grinding roller is passed through the adjustment block, and a pushing mechanism is installed on one side of the positioning plate, and the pushing mechanism is used to drive the adjustment block to move in a straight line.

By adopting the above technical solution, under the action of the pushing mechanism, the adjusting block can drive the outer grinding roller to slide along the limiting groove, so that the staff can grind and polish tubular objects with various outer diameters, effectively improving the applicability of this technical solution.

As an optional solution to the technical solution of the present application document, the pushing mechanism includes a connecting sleeve rotatably connected to one side of the receiving plate, a driving disk is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting sleeve, a plurality of pushing grooves are opened on the driving disk, a guide rod is slidably connected in the pushing groove, the guide rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjusting block, and a driving mechanism is installed on one side of the driving disk, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the driving disk to rotate.

By adopting the above technical solution, under the action of the driving mechanism, the driving disc and the pushing groove rotate, and the guide rod then drives the adjusting block to move to one side.

As an optional solution to the technical solution of the present application document, the driving mechanism includes a fixed block fixed on the supporting plate, a pushing screw is threadedly connected to the fixed block, the end of the pushing screw is rotatably connected to a rack, the rack is limited by the supporting plate and slidably connected thereto, a gear ring is fixedly sleeved on one side of the connecting sleeve, and the rack is meshingly connected to the gear ring.

By adopting the above technical solution, the staff rotates and pushes the screw rod, and the rack moves linearly. Since the rack is meshed and connected with the gear ring, the connecting sleeve then drives the driving disk to rotate.

As an optional solution to the technical solution of the present application document, the connecting rod is restricted by the adjusting block and is rotatably connected thereto, a driving mechanism is installed on one side of the connecting rod, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the connecting rod to rotate, and the driving mechanism includes a dual-axis motor fixedly installed on a supporting plate, a driving gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the dual-axis motor, a driven gear is sleeved and fixed on one side of the connecting rod, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and a universal connecting shaft is fixedly connected between the driven gear and the connecting rod.

By adopting the above technical solution, under the action of the dual-axis motor, the driving gear rotates. Since the driving gear is meshed and connected with the driven gear and under the connection of the universal joint shaft, the connecting rod drives the outer grinding roller to rotate, so that different positions of the outer grinding roller can contact the object, effectively ensuring the grinding effect.

As an optional solution to the technical solution of the present application document, an internal grinding assembly is also installed on the lower side of the receiving plate, and the internal grinding assembly includes a mounting shell fixedly connected to the output end of the other side of the dual-axis motor, and two rotating frames are installed on the lower side of the mounting shell, and the rotating frames are rotatably connected to the internal grinding rollers, and a bidirectional screw is rotatably connected in the mounting shell, and a drive plate is threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw, and the drive plate is limited by the mounting shell and slidably connected to it.

By adopting the above technical solution, during the operation of the dual-axis motor, the installation shell can drive the inner grinding roller to rotate to polish the inner wall of the tubular object. At the same time, the setting of the bidirectional screw allows the staff to adjust the position of the inner grinding roller according to the different inner diameters of the object, further improving the applicability of this technical solution.

As an optional scheme of the technical scheme of the present application document, the rotating mechanism includes a receiving member rotatably arranged on one side of the mounting base, the receiving member and one side of the three-jaw chuck are fixedly connected with a first driving wheel, a first belt is installed on one side of the three-jaw chuck, and the first driving wheel and the first belt are frictionally transmitted, one side of the output end of the dual-axis motor is fixedly connected with a spline shaft, a spline sleeve is slidably connected to the outer side of the spline shaft, one side of the spline sleeve is fixedly connected with a bearing plate, one side of the spline sleeve and the other side of the receiving member are fixedly connected with a second driving wheel, a second belt is installed on one side of the bearing plate, and the second belt and the second driving wheel are frictionally transmitted.

By adopting the above technical solution, when the dual-axis motor is running, the spline shaft and the spline sleeve rotate, and under the action of the second belt and the second driving wheel, the receiving part rotates. Due to the connection between the second belt and the second driving wheel, the three-jaw chuck rotates immediately.

As an optional solution of the technical solution of the present application document, the outer grinding roller is detachably fixedly mounted on the connecting rod, the driving plate is detachably fixedly mounted on the corresponding rotating frame, the receiving part includes a connecting column rotatably penetrated on the mounting base, a sliding sleeve is interactively connected to the connecting column, the sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to the bearing plate, the sliding sleeve is connected and fixed to the corresponding second driving wheel, a plurality of bolts are threadedly connected to the sliding sleeve, and the inner ends of the bolts are in frictional contact with the connecting column.

By adopting the above technical solution, the bolts are set, and the external grinding roller and the rotating frame are installed in a detachable structure. When necessary, the staff can remove the external grinding roller and reinstall the polishing sheet, and then directly hold the pressure plate to polish the flat object, which effectively improves the practicality of the technical solution.

The present application also discloses a method for using the above single-motor driven planetary polishing device, comprising the following steps:

S1. The staff fixes the object to be polished by a three-jaw chuck, and then rotates and pushes the lead screw, the rack moves linearly, and the connecting sleeve drives the driving disc and the push groove to rotate;

S2, the guide rod drives the adjustment block to slide along the limit groove until the outer grinding roller is in close contact with the outer wall of the object to be ground and polished;

S3. The staff rotates the bidirectional screw until the inner grinding roller is in close contact with the inner diameter of the object to be polished;

S4. Under the action of the dual-axis motor, the spline shaft and the spline sleeve rotate, the connecting column and the sliding sleeve rotate, and the three-jaw chuck then drives the object to rotate, and the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller polish the object;

S5. During the operation of the dual-axis motor, the driving gear rotates, and the connecting rod drives the outer grinding roller to rotate, thereby improving the polishing efficiency.

3. Beneficial effects

One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

1. The technical solution of the present application is to set a bearing column, an external grinding roller and a rotating mechanism. When grinding and polishing a columnar or tubular object, the staff fixes the object through a three-jaw chuck. Under the action of the rotating mechanism, the three-jaw chuck drives the object to rotate, so that the staff can polish such equipment conveniently and quickly. At the same time, the simple structure is easy for the staff to use at the construction site.

2. The technical solution of the present application is provided with an adjusting block and a pushing mechanism. Under the action of the pushing mechanism, the adjusting block can drive the outer grinding roller to slide along the limiting groove, so that the staff can grind and polish tubular objects with various outer diameters, effectively improving the applicability of the present technical solution.

3. The technical solution of the present application is to set up a driving gear, a driven gear and a universal joint shaft. During the grinding process of the object, under the action of the dual-axis motor, the connecting rod will drive the outer grinding roller to rotate, so that different positions of the outer grinding roller can contact the object, effectively ensuring the grinding effect.

4. The technical solution of the present application enables the staff to polish the inner and outer diameters of the tubular object simultaneously by setting up an installation shell, a rotating frame and an inner grinding roller, thereby greatly improving the grinding and polishing efficiency. At the same time, by setting up a bidirectional screw, the staff can adjust the position of the inner grinding roller according to the size of the inner diameter of the object, further improving the applicability of the present technical solution.

5. The technical solution of the present application is provided with a sliding sleeve, bolts and connecting columns, and the external grinding roller and the driving plate are both provided with a detachable structure, so that when necessary, the staff can remove the external grinding roller and reinstall the polishing sheet, and then directly hold the pressure plate to polish the flat object, which effectively improves the practicality of the present technical solution.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a single-motor driven planetary polishing device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of one side of the mounting base in a single-motor driven planetary polishing device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a bottom view of the structure of one side of the mounting base of a single-motor driven planetary polishing device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of a receiving plate, a driving disc and a positioning plate in a single-motor driven planetary polishing device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present application;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a polishing assembly in a single-motor driven planetary polishing device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present application;

FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating mechanism in a single-motor driven planetary polishing device disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present application;

Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1. Mounting base; 2. Bearing column; 3. Receiver plate; 4. Connecting sleeve; 5. Driving plate; 501. Pushing groove; 6. External grinding roller; 7. Positioning plate; 701. Limiting groove; 8. Grinding assembly; 801. Mounting shell; 802. Bidirectional screw rod; 803. Driving plate; 804. Rotating frame; 805. Internal grinding roller; 9. Adjusting block; 10. Guide rod; 11. Dual-axis motor; 12. Gear ring; 13 , push screw; 14, fixed block; 15, rack; 16, driving gear; 17, driven gear; 18, universal joint shaft; 19, connecting rod; 20, pressure plate; 21, three-jaw chuck; 22, sliding sleeve; 23, spline sleeve; 24, bearing plate; 25, second belt; 26, spline shaft; 27, first driving wheel; 28, bolt; 29, first belt; 30, second driving wheel; 31, connecting column; 32, spring.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 , the embodiment of the present application discloses a single-motor driven planetary polishing device, comprising: a mounting base 1, a bearing column 2 is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting base 1, a pressure plate 20 is slidably connected to the bearing column 2, a receiving plate 3 is fixedly mounted on one side of the pressure plate 20, a plurality of outer grinding rollers 6 are annularly mounted below the receiving plate 3, a three-jaw chuck 21 is also rotatably connected to the mounting base 1, a rotating mechanism is mounted on one side of the three-jaw chuck 21, and the rotating mechanism is used to drive the three-jaw chuck 21 to rotate.

A spring 32 is sleeved on the outer side of the bearing column 2 , and the spring 32 is in abutment with the pressure plate 20 .

The staff fixes the object to be polished by the three-jaw chuck 21, and then moves the pressing plate 20 downward, so that the outer grinding roller 6 is in close contact with the outer wall of the object to be polished. Under the action of the rotating mechanism, the three-jaw chuck 21 drives the object to rotate, and the outer grinding roller 6 polishes it immediately. This method allows the staff to polish such equipment conveniently and quickly, and the simple structure is easy for the staff to use at the construction site.

The provision of the spring 32 facilitates the support and reset of the pressure plate 20 .

Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 4, a positioning plate 7 is fixedly installed under the receiving plate 3, and a limiting groove 701 is provided on the positioning plate 7. An adjusting block 9 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 701. A connecting rod 19 for installing the external grinding roller 6 is passed through the adjusting block 9. A pushing mechanism is installed on one side of the positioning plate 7, and the pushing mechanism is used to drive the adjusting block 9 to move in a straight line.

The pushing mechanism includes a connecting sleeve 4 rotatably connected to one side of the receiving plate 3, a driving disk 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting sleeve 4, a plurality of pushing grooves 501 are opened on the driving disk 5, a guide rod 10 is slidably connected in the pushing groove 501, the guide rod 10 is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjusting block 9, and a driving mechanism is installed on one side of the driving disk 5, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the driving disk 5 to rotate.

The driving mechanism includes a fixed block 14 fixed on the receiving plate 3, a pushing screw 13 is threadedly connected to the fixed block 14, and a rack 15 is rotatably connected to the end of the pushing screw 13. The rack 15 is limited by the receiving plate 3 and is slidably connected thereto. A gear ring 12 is sleeved and fixed on one side of the connecting sleeve 4, and the rack 15 is meshingly connected to the gear ring 12.

The staff rotates and pushes the screw rod 13, and the rack 15 moves in a straight line. Since the rack 15 is meshed and connected with the gear ring 12, the connecting sleeve 4 immediately drives the driving disk 5 and the pushing groove 501 to rotate, and the guide rod 10 immediately drives the adjusting block 9 to slide along the limiting groove 701, so that the staff can grind and polish tubular objects with various outer diameters, effectively improving the applicability of the present technical solution.

2 and 4 , the connecting rod 19 is restricted by the adjusting block 9 and is rotationally connected thereto. A driving mechanism is installed on one side of the connecting rod 19, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the connecting rod 19 to rotate. The driving mechanism includes a dual-axis motor 11 fixedly installed on the receiving plate 3, and a driving gear 16 is fixedly connected to the output end of the dual-axis motor 11. A driven gear 17 is sleeved and fixed on one side of the connecting rod 19, and the driving gear 16 is meshedly connected with the driven gear 17. A universal connecting shaft 18 is fixedly connected between the driven gear 17 and the connecting rod 19.

Under the action of the dual-axis motor 11, the driving gear 16 rotates. Since the driving gear 16 is meshed and connected with the driven gear 17 and under the connecting action of the universal joint 18, the connecting rod 19 drives the outer grinding roller 6 to rotate, so that different positions of the outer grinding roller 6 can contact the object, effectively ensuring the grinding effect.

Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 5, an internal grinding assembly 8 is also installed on the lower side of the receiving plate 3, and the internal grinding assembly 8 includes a mounting shell 801 fixedly connected to the output end of the other side of the dual-axis motor 11, and two rotating frames 804 are installed on the lower side of the mounting shell 801. The rotating frames 804 are rotatably connected to the internal grinding rollers 805, and a bidirectional screw rod 802 is rotatably connected inside the mounting shell 801. The bidirectional screw rod 802 is threadedly connected to a drive plate 803, and the drive plate 803 is restricted by the mounting shell 801 and is slidably connected thereto.

The staff rotates the bidirectional screw 802 until the inner grinding roller 805 maintains close contact with the inner diameter of the object to be polished. Under the action of the dual-axis motor 11, the mounting housing 801 can drive the inner grinding roller 805 to rotate to polish the inner wall of the tubular object.

1, 4 and 6, the rotating mechanism includes a receiving member rotatably penetrated on one side of the mounting base 1, the receiving member and one side of the three-jaw chuck 21 are fixedly connected with a first driving wheel 27, a first belt 29 is installed on one side of the three-jaw chuck 21, the first driving wheel 27 and the first belt 29 are frictionally driven, one side of the output end of the dual-axis motor 11 is fixedly connected to a spline shaft 26, the outer side of the spline shaft 26 is slidably connected to a spline sleeve 23, one side of the spline sleeve 23 is fixedly connected to a bearing plate 24, one side of the spline sleeve 23 and the other side of the receiving member are fixedly connected to a second driving wheel 30, a second belt 25 is installed on one side of the bearing plate 24, and the second belt 25 and the second driving wheel 30 are frictionally driven.

The outer grinding roller 6 is detachably fixedly mounted on the connecting rod 19, the driving plate 803 is detachably fixedly mounted on the corresponding rotating frame 804, and the receiving part includes a connecting column 31 rotatably penetrated on the mounting base 1, and the connecting column 31 is interactively connected with a sliding sleeve 22, the sliding sleeve 22 is rotatably connected to the bearing plate 24, the sliding sleeve 22 is connected and fixed to the corresponding second driving wheel 30, and a plurality of bolts 28 are threadedly connected to the sliding sleeve 22, and the inner ends of the bolts 28 are in friction contact with the connecting column 31.

When the dual-axis motor 11 is running, the spline shaft 26 and the spline sleeve 23 rotate. Under the action of the second belt 25 and the second driving wheel 30, the connecting column 31 and the sliding sleeve 22 rotate. Due to the connection between the second belt 25 and the second driving wheel, the three-jaw chuck 21 rotates accordingly.

The bolt 28 is set and the outer grinding roller 6 and the rotating frame 804 are installed in a detachable structure. When necessary, the staff can remove the outer grinding roller 6 and reinstall the polishing sheet, and then directly hold the pressure plate 20 to polish the flat object, which effectively improves the practicality of the present technical solution.

The method for using the single-motor driven planetary polishing device described in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

S1. The staff fixes the object to be polished by the three-jaw chuck 21, and then rotates and pushes the screw rod 13, the rack 15 moves linearly, and the connecting sleeve 4 then drives the driving disc 5 and the pushing groove 501 to rotate;

S2, the guide rod 10 drives the adjustment block 9 to slide along the limiting groove 701 until the outer grinding roller 6 is in close contact with the outer wall of the object to be ground and polished;

S3, the staff rotates the bidirectional screw 802 until the inner grinding roller 805 is in close contact with the inner diameter of the object to be polished;

S4. Under the action of the dual-axis motor 11, the spline shaft 26 and the spline sleeve 23 rotate, the connecting column 31 and the sliding sleeve 22 rotate, and the three-jaw chuck 21 then drives the object to rotate, and the outer grinding roller 6 and the inner grinding roller 805 polish the object;

S5. During the operation of the dual-axis motor 11, the driving gear 16 rotates, and the connecting rod 19 drives the outer grinding roller 6 to rotate, thereby improving the polishing efficiency.

The implementation principle of a single-motor driven planetary polishing device in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: when relevant staff need to use the present technical solution to polish the inner and outer walls of a tubular object, the staff first fixes the object to be polished by means of a three-jaw chuck 21, and then rotates and pushes the lead screw 13, and the rack 15 moves in a straight line. Since the rack 15 is meshed and connected with the gear ring 12, the connecting sleeve 4 then drives the driving disk 5 and the pushing groove 501 to rotate, and the guide rod 10 then drives the adjusting block 9 to slide along the limiting groove 701 until the outer grinding roller 6 is in close contact with the outer wall of the object to be polished.

Then the staff rotates the bidirectional screw 802 until the inner grinding roller 805 is in close contact with the inner diameter of the object to be polished.

Subsequently, under the action of the dual-axis motor 11, the spline shaft 26 and the spline sleeve 23 rotate, and under the action of the second belt 25 and the second driving wheel 30, the connecting column 31 and the sliding sleeve 22 rotate. Due to the connection between the second belt 25 and the second driving wheel, the three-jaw chuck 21 then drives the object to rotate, and the outer grinding roller 6 and the inner grinding roller 805 polish the object.

At the same time, during the operation of the dual-axis motor 11, the driving gear 16 rotates. Since the driving gear 16 is meshed and connected with the driven gear 17 and under the connection of the universal joint shaft 18, the connecting rod 19 drives the outer grinding roller 6 to rotate, effectively improving the grinding efficiency.

Claims (10)

1. A single-motor driven planetary polishing device, characterized in that it comprises: a mounting base, a bearing column is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting base, a pressure plate is slidably connected to the bearing column, a receiving plate is fixedly mounted on one side of the pressure plate, a plurality of outer grinding rollers are annularly mounted below the receiving plate, a three-jaw chuck is also rotatably connected to the mounting base, a rotating mechanism is mounted on one side of the three-jaw chuck, and the rotating mechanism is used to drive the three-jaw chuck to rotate. 2. The single-motor driven planetary polishing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the bearing column, and the spring is in abutment with the pressure plate. 3. The single-motor driven planetary polishing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a positioning plate is fixedly installed under the receiving plate, a limiting groove is provided on the positioning plate, an adjusting block is slidably connected in the limiting groove, a connecting rod for installing an external grinding roller is passed through the adjusting block, and a pushing mechanism is installed on one side of the positioning plate, and the pushing mechanism is used to drive the adjusting block to move in a straight line. 4. The single-motor driven planetary polishing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the pushing mechanism includes a connecting sleeve rotatably connected to one side of the receiving plate, a driving disk is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting sleeve, a plurality of pushing grooves are opened on the driving disk, a guide rod is slidably connected in the pushing groove, the guide rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjustment block, a driving mechanism is installed on one side of the driving disk, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the driving disk to rotate. 5. The single-motor driven planetary polishing device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the driving mechanism includes a fixed block fixed on the receiving plate, a pushing screw is threadedly connected to the fixed block, the end of the pushing screw is rotatably connected to a rack, the rack is limited by the receiving plate and is slidably connected to it, a gear ring is fixed on one side of the connecting sleeve, and the rack is meshingly connected to the gear ring. 6. The single-motor driven planetary polishing device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the connecting rod is restricted by the adjusting block and is rotatably connected thereto, a driving mechanism is installed on one side of the connecting rod, the driving mechanism is used to drive the connecting rod to rotate, the driving mechanism includes a dual-axis motor fixedly installed on a receiving plate, a driving gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the dual-axis motor, a driven gear is sleeved and fixed on one side of the connecting rod, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and a universal connecting shaft is fixedly connected between the driven gear and the connecting rod. 7. The single-motor driven planetary polishing device according to claim 6 is characterized in that an internal grinding assembly is also installed on the lower side of the receiving plate, and the internal grinding assembly includes a mounting shell fixedly connected to the output end of the other side of the dual-axis motor, and two rotating frames are installed on the lower side of the mounting shell, and an internal grinding roller is rotatably connected to the rotating frame, and a bidirectional screw is rotatably connected in the mounting shell, and a drive plate is threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw, and the drive plate is limited by the mounting shell and slidably connected to it. 8. The single-motor driven planetary polishing device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the rotating mechanism includes a receiving member rotatably arranged on one side of the mounting base, the receiving member and one side of the three-jaw chuck are fixedly connected to the first driving wheel, one side of the three-jaw chuck is installed with a first belt, the first driving wheel and the first belt are frictionally transmitted, one side of the output end of the dual-axis motor is fixedly connected to a spline shaft, the outer side of the spline shaft is slidably connected with a spline sleeve, one side of the spline sleeve is fixedly connected to a bearing plate, one side of the spline sleeve and the other side of the receiving member are fixedly connected to a second driving wheel, one side of the bearing plate is installed with a second belt, and the second belt and the second driving wheel are frictionally transmitted. 9. The single-motor driven planetary polishing device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the outer grinding roller is detachably fixedly mounted on the connecting rod, the driving plate is detachably fixedly mounted on the corresponding rotating frame, the receiving part includes a connecting column rotatably penetrated on the mounting base, the connecting column is interactively connected with a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to the bearing plate, the sliding sleeve is connected and fixed to the corresponding second driving wheel, a plurality of bolts are threadedly connected to the sliding sleeve, and the inner ends of the bolts are in frictional contact with the connecting column. 10. The method for using the single-motor driven planetary polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1. The staff fixes the object to be polished by a three-jaw chuck, and then rotates and pushes the lead screw, the rack moves linearly, and the connecting sleeve drives the driving disc and the push groove to rotate; S2, the guide rod drives the adjustment block to slide along the limit groove until the outer grinding roller is in close contact with the outer wall of the object to be ground and polished; S3. The staff rotates the bidirectional screw until the inner grinding roller is in close contact with the inner diameter of the object to be polished; S4. Under the action of the dual-axis motor, the spline shaft and the spline sleeve rotate, the connecting column and the sliding sleeve rotate, and the three-jaw chuck then drives the object to rotate, and the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller polish the object; S5. During the operation of the dual-axis motor, the driving gear rotates, and the connecting rod drives the outer grinding roller to rotate, thereby improving the polishing efficiency.