CN118456019A - Gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device and processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated device and processing method for turning and hobbing a gear shaft, and relates to the technical field of gear shaft processing, including a processing table assembly, wherein a clamping assembly and a processing assembly are arranged on the top of the processing table assembly, wherein the processing assembly is arranged on the upper side of the clamping assembly, and a chip removal assembly is arranged on the clamping assembly. The integrated device for turning and hobbing a gear shaft controls the processing frame to translate on a translation track through a translation motor, thereby moving the turning cutter head and the hobbing cutter head close to the side of the gear shaft to be processed, and then controls the rotation of the fine-tuning screw rod through a fine-tuning motor, so that the lifting cylinder drives the hobbing motor and the hobbing cutter head to further achieve fine-tuning on the fine-tuning track, thereby improving the processing accuracy, and at the same time, the processing height of the hobbing cutter head can be controlled by the lifting and lowering adjustment of the lifting cylinder, thereby achieving more comprehensive hobbing work, and the turning motor drives the turning cutter head to rotate, thereby facilitating efficient turning work on the gear shaft.

Description

Gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device and processing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gear shaft processing, and in particular to a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device and processing method.

Background Art

A gear shaft is a mechanical part that supports a rotating part and rotates with it to transmit motion, torque or bending moment. It is usually a metal round rod, and each section can have different diameters. The parts that perform rotary motion in the machine are installed on the shaft.

In the prior art, for example, the patent publication number is CN112171213A, "An integrated turning and hobbing equipment for gear shaft processing and a gear shaft processing process", which includes a lathe body, a chuck and a tailstock are provided on the lathe body along its length direction, and a slide rail for the tailstock to slide toward the chuck is also provided on the lathe body, a first center is clamped on the chuck, a second center is installed on the tailstock, and the gear shaft is installed between the first center and the second center; a workbench is also provided on the lathe body, and the workbench can slide along the length and width direction of the lathe body, and a tool holder is rotatably connected to the workbench, the axis of the tool holder is parallel to the axis of the chuck, and the tool holder is driven by a first stepper motor, and a turning tool and a hob are installed on the tool holder. The present application has the effect of realizing turning and hobbing of the gear shaft in one clamping, reducing the positioning error of the gear shaft, improving the position tolerance of the gear shaft, and thus improving the quality of the workpiece.

The existing gear shaft processing device does not perform timely chip cleaning on the processing table while processing the gear shaft, which easily causes metal debris to enter the processing equipment during the processing. When the debris contacts the screw rod or transmission gear, it is easy to cause damage to the precision parts, resulting in damage to the gear shaft processing device, affecting the processing efficiency.

Therefore, we propose a gear shaft turning, hobbing integrated device and processing method to solve the above problems.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an integrated device and processing method for gear shaft turning and gear hobbing, so as to solve the problem that the gear shaft processing device proposed in the above background technology does not perform timely chip cleaning on the processing table while processing the gear shaft, which easily causes metal debris to enter the interior of the processing equipment during the processing. When the debris contacts the screw rod or transmission gear, it is easy to cause damage to the precision parts, thereby causing damage to the gear shaft processing device and affecting the processing efficiency.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device, comprising a processing table assembly, a clamping assembly and a processing assembly are arranged on the top of the processing table assembly, the processing assembly is arranged on the upper side of the clamping assembly, a chip removal assembly is arranged on the clamping assembly, the processing table assembly comprises a processing table, a controller is installed at one end of the top of the processing table, the processing assembly comprises a processing frame, a turning frame is arranged at one end of the processing frame, a turning motor is installed on the side of the turning frame, a turning tool head is arranged at one end of the turning motor, a fine-tuning track is arranged at the other end of the processing frame, a lifting cylinder is arranged at the top of the fine-tuning track, a gear hobbing motor is arranged at the top of the lifting cylinder, a gear hobbing tool head is arranged at one end of the gear hobbing motor, a fine-tuning screw rod is threadedly connected to the bottom of the lifting cylinder, and one end of the fine-tuning screw rod is connected to the fine-tuning motor;

The chip removal assembly includes a chip removal box, a chip removal fan is arranged at the bottom of the chip removal box, a top cover is installed on the top of the chip removal box, a hose is fixedly connected to the top of the top cover, a chip suction hood is fixedly connected to one end of the hose, a plurality of cleaning brushes are evenly distributed on the bottom of the chip suction hood, pneumatic telescopic rods are installed at both ends of the chip suction hood, and a filter bag is arranged on the inner side of the chip removal box.

Preferably, the clamping assembly comprises a guide rail, one end of which is provided with a clamping adjustment motor, one end of which is connected to a clamping adjustment threaded rod, and an outer wall of which is threadedly connected to a movable clamping frame.

Preferably, a rotating mounting seat is arranged on the top of the movable clamping frame, a rotator is arranged on the inner side of the rotating mounting seat, and a positioning pin is arranged at one end of the rotator.

Preferably, a flip motor is installed on the side of the controller, a rotating disk is movably installed on the side of the flip motor, and a plurality of clamping blocks are evenly distributed on the side of the rotating disk.

Preferably, a plurality of U-shaped frames are evenly distributed around the outer wall of the rotating disk, a clamping cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the U-shaped frame, and one end of the clamping cylinder passes through the inner side of the U-shaped frame.

Preferably, a sliding frame is provided at one end of the clamping block, a plurality of sliding grooves are provided on the side of the rotating disk, the sliding frame is slidably installed on the inner side of the sliding groove, and the side of the sliding frame is connected to one end of the clamping cylinder.

Preferably, translation rails are provided at both ends of the processing frame, a translation motor is provided at one end of the translation rail, and electric telescopic rods are symmetrically provided on the side of the turning frame, and one end of the electric telescopic rod is connected to one end of the turning motor.

Preferably, a fan cover is fixedly installed on the bottom of the chip removal box, the chip removal fan is arranged on the inner side of the fan cover, an annular frame is arranged on the inner side of the chip removal box, and one end of the filter bag is connected to the annular frame.

Preferably, a power distribution cabinet is provided at the bottom of the processing table, heat dissipation grilles are provided at both ends of the power distribution cabinet, and support legs are fixedly installed at the bottom of the power distribution cabinet.

A processing method of a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device comprises the following steps:

S1. When processing the gear shaft, place the gear shaft to be processed on the side of the rotating disk, push the sliding frame and the clamping block through the clamping cylinder to slide, and then merge the four groups of clamping blocks at the same time, effectively clamp the gear shaft to be processed to ensure stability.

S2. At the same time, the clamping adjustment motor drives the clamping adjustment threaded rod to rotate, thereby pushing the movable clamping frame and the rotating mounting seat to move at the same time, effectively abutting the positioning pin against one end of the gear shaft, thereby realizing the function of stable limiting, and then conveniently driving the rotating disk to rotate by the flip motor, thereby driving the gear shaft to be processed to rotate at the same time, and the rotator and the positioning pin will rotate synchronously, thereby achieving a comprehensive processing effect, which is conducive to further improving the processing range.

S3. After clamping is completed, the processing frame can be controlled to translate on the translation track by the translation motor, and then the turning tool head and the gear hobbing tool head can be moved close to the side of the gear shaft that needs to be processed.

S4. Then, the fine-tuning motor controls the rotation of the fine-tuning screw, so that the lifting cylinder drives the gear hobbing motor and the gear hobbing cutter head to further achieve fine-tuning on the fine-tuning track to improve the processing accuracy. At the same time, the processing height of the gear hobbing cutter head can be controlled by the lifting and lowering adjustment of the lifting cylinder, thereby achieving more comprehensive gear hobbing work.

S5. In addition, the turning motor drives the turning cutter head to rotate, which facilitates efficient turning of the gear shaft. During turning, the electric telescopic rod can control the turning motor to achieve the telescopic function on the inner side of the turning frame, which is beneficial to increase the turning range and improve the turning work efficiency.

S6. Metal debris is easily generated during turning and gear hobbing. The chip removal fan can generate strong suction force to suck the metal debris on the processing table through the bottom opening of the chip suction hood. The cleaning brush can provide a cleaning function during suction, which is beneficial to improve the cleaning effect. The sucked debris will be transported to the inside of the chip removal box through a hose. The filter bag provides filtering treatment during the suction process, which facilitates the effective collection of debris and facilitates quick cleaning later.

S7. During the movement of the movable clamping frame, the chip suction hood will be driven to move synchronously, which is beneficial to increase the cleaning range. At the same time, the pneumatic telescopic rod can push the chip suction hood to extend further, thereby further increasing the cleaning range and facilitating the realization of high-efficiency cleaning.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The translation motor controls the processing frame to translate on the translation track, so that the turning cutter head and the gear hobbing cutter head can be moved to the side of the gear shaft that needs to be processed. Then, the fine-tuning motor controls the fine-tuning screw to rotate, so that the lifting cylinder drives the gear hobbing motor and the gear hobbing cutter head to further fine-tune on the fine-tuning track to improve the processing accuracy. At the same time, the lifting and lowering adjustment of the lifting cylinder can also control the processing height of the gear hobbing cutter head, so as to achieve more comprehensive gear hobbing work. The turning motor drives the turning cutter head to rotate, which facilitates the efficient turning of the gear shaft. While turning, the electric telescopic rod can control the turning motor to realize the telescopic function on the inner side of the turning frame, which is conducive to realizing integrated operation, multi-functional processing, increasing the range of turning, and improving the efficiency of turning work;

2. The chip removal fan generates strong suction force, and the metal chips on the processing table are sucked in through the bottom opening of the chip suction hood. The cleaning brush can provide cleaning function while sucking, which is beneficial to improve the cleaning effect. The sucked chips will be transported to the inside of the chip removal box through the hose. The filter bag provides filtering treatment during the suction process, which facilitates the effective collection of chips and facilitates rapid cleaning later. The chip suction hood will move synchronously during the movement of the movable clamping frame, which is beneficial to improve the cleaning range. At the same time, the pneumatic telescopic rod can push the chip suction hood to extend further, thereby further increasing the cleaning range, which is beneficial to achieve high-efficiency cleaning.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device according to the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a clamping assembly of a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device according to the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flip assembly of a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device according to the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated processing assembly of a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip removal component of an integrated gear shaft turning and gear hobbing device according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1. Processing table assembly; 101. Processing table; 102. Controller; 103. Power distribution cabinet; 104. Radiator grille; 105. Support leg; 2. Clamping assembly; 201. Guide rail; 202. Clamping adjustment motor; 203. Clamping adjustment threaded rod; 204. Movable clamping frame; 205. Rotating mounting seat; 206. Rotator; 207. Positioning pin; 208. Flipping motor; 209. Rotating disk; 210. Clamping block; 211. U-shaped frame; 212. Clamping cylinder; 213. Slide; 214. Sliding frame; 3. Processing assembly; 301. Processing frame; 302, translation track; 303, translation motor; 304, turning frame; 305, turning motor; 306, electric telescopic rod; 307, turning tool head; 308, fine-tuning track; 309, fine-tuning screw rod; 310, fine-tuning motor; 311, lifting cylinder; 312, gear hobbing motor; 313, gear hobbing tool head; 4, chip removal assembly; 401, chip removal box; 402, top cover; 403, chip removal fan; 404, fan cover; 405, hose; 406, chip suction cover; 407, cleaning brush; 408, pneumatic telescopic rod; 409, ring frame; 410, filter bag.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 6. The present invention provides a technical solution: a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device, including a processing table assembly 1, a clamping assembly 2 and a processing assembly 3 are arranged on the top of the processing table assembly 1, the processing assembly 3 is arranged on the upper side of the clamping assembly 2, and a chip removal assembly 4 is arranged on the clamping assembly 2. The processing table assembly 1 includes a processing table 101, and a controller 102 is installed at one end of the top of the processing table 101. The processing assembly 3 includes a processing frame 301, and a processing A turning frame 304 is provided at one end of the frame 301, a turning motor 305 is installed on the side of the turning frame 304, a turning tool head 307 is provided at one end of the turning motor 305, a fine-tuning track 308 is provided at the other end of the processing frame 301, a lifting cylinder 311 is provided at the top of the fine-tuning track 308, a gear hobbing motor 312 is provided at the top of the lifting cylinder 311, a gear hobbing tool head 313 is provided at one end of the gear hobbing motor 312, and a fine-tuning screw rod 313 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the lifting cylinder 311. 09, one end of the fine-tuning screw rod 309 is connected to a fine-tuning motor 310, and the processing frame 301 is controlled to translate on the translation track 302 by the translation motor 303, so that the turning head 307 and the gear hobbing head 313 can be moved to the side of the gear shaft that needs to be processed, and then the fine-tuning motor 310 controls the fine-tuning screw rod 309 to rotate, so that the lifting cylinder 311 drives the gear hobbing motor 312 and the gear hobbing head 313 to further achieve fine-tuning on the fine-tuning track 308, thereby improving the processing accuracy. At the same time, the processing height of the gear hobbing head 313 can be controlled by the lifting and lowering adjustment of the lifting cylinder 311, thereby achieving more comprehensive gear hobbing work. The turning motor 305 drives the turning head 307 to rotate, which facilitates the efficient turning work of the gear shaft. While turning, the electric telescopic rod 306 can control the turning motor 305 to achieve the telescopic function on the inner side of the turning frame 304, which is conducive to realizing integrated operation, multi-functional processing, increasing the turning range, and improving the turning work efficiency;

The chip removal assembly 4 includes a chip removal box 401, a chip removal fan 403 is arranged at the bottom of the chip removal box 401, a top cover 402 is installed on the top of the chip removal box 401, a hose 405 is fixedly connected to the top of the top cover 402, one end of the hose 405 is fixedly connected to a chip suction cover 406, a plurality of cleaning brushes 407 are evenly distributed on the bottom of the chip suction cover 406, pneumatic telescopic rods 408 are installed at both ends of the chip suction cover 406, and a filter bag 410 is arranged on the inner side of the chip removal box 401. The chip removal fan 403 generates a strong suction force, and the metal chips on the processing table are sucked in through the bottom opening of the chip suction cover 406. At the same time, the cleaning brush 407 can provide a cleaning function, which is beneficial to improving the cleaning effect. The inhaled debris will be transported to the interior of the debris removal box 401 through the hose 405. During the inhalation process, the filter bag 410 provides filtering treatment, which is convenient for effectively collecting the debris and is convenient for rapid cleaning later. During the movement of the movable clamping frame 204, the chip suction cover 406 will be driven to move synchronously, which is beneficial to improving the cleaning range. At the same time, the pneumatic telescopic rod 408 can push the chip suction cover 406 to extend further, thereby further increasing the cleaning range, which is beneficial to achieving high-efficiency cleaning.

As shown in Figure 3, the clamping assembly 2 includes a guide rail 201, one end of the guide rail 201 is provided with a clamping adjustment motor 202, one end of the clamping adjustment motor 202 is connected to a clamping adjustment threaded rod 203, the outer wall of the clamping adjustment threaded rod 203 is threadedly connected to a movable clamping frame 204, and the clamping adjustment motor 202 drives the clamping adjustment threaded rod 203 to rotate, thereby pushing the movable clamping frame 204 and the rotating mounting seat 205 to move simultaneously.

As shown in Figure 3, a rotating mounting seat 205 is arranged on the top of the movable clamping frame 204, and a rotator 206 is arranged on the inner side of the rotating mounting seat 205. A positioning pin 207 is arranged at one end of the rotator 206. The positioning pin 207 is abutted against one end of the gear shaft to achieve the function of stable limiting. Then, the rotating disk 209 is driven to rotate by the flip motor 208, thereby driving the gear shaft to be processed to rotate at the same time, and the rotator 206 and the positioning pin 207 will rotate synchronously, thereby achieving a comprehensive processing effect, which is conducive to further improving the processing range.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a flip motor 208 is installed on the side of the controller 102, and a rotating disk 209 is movably installed on the side of the flip motor 208. A plurality of clamping blocks 210 are evenly distributed on the side of the rotating disk 209. The gear shaft to be processed is placed on the side of the rotating disk 209, and the sliding frame 214 and the clamping block 210 are pushed by the clamping cylinder 212 to slide, thereby realizing the simultaneous merging of four groups of clamping blocks 210, effectively clamping the gear shaft to be processed to ensure stability.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a plurality of U-shaped frames 211 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the rotating disk 209, and a clamping cylinder 212 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the U-shaped frame 211. One end of the clamping cylinder 212 passes through the inner side of the U-shaped frame 211. The U-shaped frame 211 can provide support and installation for the clamping cylinder 212, thereby facilitating the clamping cylinder 212 to achieve effective pushing and extrusion.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a sliding frame 214 is provided at one end of the clamping block 210, and a plurality of sliding grooves 213 are opened on the side of the rotating disk 209. The sliding frame 214 is slidably installed on the inner side of the sliding groove 213, and the side of the sliding frame 214 is connected to one end of the clamping cylinder 212. The sliding connection between the sliding frame 214 and the sliding groove 213 is conducive to providing guidance and achieving a stable clamping effect.

As shown in Figure 5, translation rails 302 are set at both ends of the processing frame 301, and a translation motor 303 is set at one end of the translation rail 302. Electric telescopic rods 306 are symmetrically set on the side of the turning frame 304, and one end of the electric telescopic rod 306 is connected to one end of the turning motor 305. The translation rail 302 provides a guide for the movement of the processing frame 301, thereby facilitating the translation adjustment function of the translation motor 303. The electric telescopic rod 306 provides an effective telescopic adjustment function, which facilitates the turning tool head 307 to adjust its position during turning.

As shown in Figure 6, a fan cover 404 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the chip removal box 401, and the chip removal fan 403 is arranged on the inner side of the fan cover 404. An annular frame 409 is arranged on the inner side of the chip removal box 401, and one end of the filter bag 410 is connected to the annular frame 409. The fan cover 404 provides stable installation and support protection for the chip removal fan 403, and the annular frame 409 provides support for the installation of the filter bag 410, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

As shown in FIG2 , a power distribution cabinet 103 is disposed at the bottom of the processing table 101, and heat dissipation grilles 104 are provided at both ends of the power distribution cabinet 103. Support legs 105 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the power distribution cabinet 103. Placing power distribution equipment inside the power distribution cabinet 103 is conducive to power supply, and the heat dissipation grille 104 can provide effective heat dissipation, and the support legs 105 can further help provide stable support.

The working principle of the whole mechanism is as follows: when processing the gear shaft, the gear shaft to be processed is placed on the side of the rotating disk 209, and the sliding frame 214 and the clamping block 210 are pushed by the clamping cylinder 212 to slide, thereby realizing the simultaneous merging of the four groups of clamping blocks 210, effectively clamping the gear shaft to be processed to ensure stability, and at the same time, the clamping adjustment motor 202 drives the clamping adjustment threaded rod 203 to rotate, thereby pushing the movable clamping frame 204 and the rotating mounting seat 205 to move at the same time, effectively abutting the positioning pin 207 against one end of the gear shaft, thereby realizing the function of stable limiting, and then conveniently driving the rotating disk 208 through the flipping motor 208. 09 rotates, thereby driving the gear shaft to be processed to rotate at the same time, and the rotator 206 and the positioning pin 207 will rotate synchronously, thereby achieving the effect of comprehensive processing, which is conducive to further improving the processing range. After completing the clamping, the processing frame 301 can be controlled to translate on the translation track 302 by the translation motor 303, and then the turning head 307 and the gear hobbing head 313 can be moved to the side of the gear shaft to be processed. Then, the fine-tuning motor 310 controls the fine-tuning screw rod 309 to rotate, so that the lifting cylinder 311 drives the gear hobbing motor 312 and the gear hobbing head 313 to further achieve fine-tuning on the fine-tuning track 308, thereby improving the processing range. The precision can be improved, and the processing height of the gear hobbing cutter head 313 can be controlled by the lifting adjustment of the lifting cylinder 311, so as to realize more comprehensive gear hobbing work, and the turning motor 305 drives the turning cutter head 307 to rotate, which is convenient for providing efficient turning work on the gear shaft. During turning, the electric telescopic rod 306 can control the turning motor 305 to realize the telescopic function on the inner side of the turning frame 304, which is beneficial to increase the turning range and improve the turning work efficiency. Metal debris is easily generated during the turning and gear hobbing process, and then a strong suction force can be generated by the chip removal fan 403, and the chip suction cover 406 can be used to remove the metal debris on the processing table through the bottom opening of the chip suction cover 406. The metal debris is sucked in, and the cleaning brush 407 can provide a cleaning function during the suction, which is beneficial to improving the cleaning effect. The sucked debris will be transported to the interior of the chip removal box 401 through the hose 405. The filter bag 410 provides filtering treatment during the suction process, which is convenient for effectively collecting the debris and is convenient for rapid cleaning later. During the movement of the movable clamping frame 204, the chip suction cover 406 will be driven to move synchronously, which is beneficial to improving the cleaning range. At the same time, the pneumatic telescopic rod 408 can push the chip suction cover 406 to extend further, thereby further increasing the cleaning range, which is beneficial to achieving high-efficiency cleaning.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device, comprising a processing table assembly (1), characterized in that: a clamping assembly (2) and a processing assembly (3) are arranged on the top of the processing table assembly (1), the processing assembly (3) is arranged on the upper side of the clamping assembly (2), a chip removal assembly (4) is arranged on the clamping assembly (2), the processing table assembly (1) comprises a processing table (101), a controller (102) is installed at one end of the top of the processing table (101), the processing assembly (3) comprises a processing frame (301), a turning frame (304) is arranged at one end of the processing frame (301), the turning frame A turning motor (305) is installed on the side of (304), a turning tool head (307) is arranged at one end of the turning motor (305), a fine-tuning track (308) is arranged at the other end of the processing frame (301), a lifting cylinder (311) is arranged at the top of the fine-tuning track (308), a gear hobbing motor (312) is arranged at the top of the lifting cylinder (311), a gear hobbing tool head (313) is arranged at one end of the gear hobbing motor (312), a fine-tuning screw rod (309) is threadedly connected to the bottom of the lifting cylinder (311), and a fine-tuning motor (310) is connected to one end of the fine-tuning screw rod (309); The chip removal assembly (4) comprises a chip removal box (401), a chip removal fan (403) is arranged at the bottom of the chip removal box (401), a top cover (402) is installed on the top of the chip removal box (401), a hose (405) is fixedly connected to the top of the top cover (402), one end of the hose (405) is fixedly connected to a chip suction cover (406), a plurality of cleaning brushes (407) are evenly distributed at the bottom of the chip suction cover (406), pneumatic telescopic rods (408) are installed at both ends of the chip suction cover (406), and a filter bag (410) is arranged on the inner side of the chip removal box (401). 2. The integrated gear shaft turning and gear hobbing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the clamping assembly (2) includes a guide rail (201), one end of the guide rail (201) is provided with a clamping adjustment motor (202), one end of the clamping adjustment motor (202) is connected to a clamping adjustment threaded rod (203), and the outer wall of the clamping adjustment threaded rod (203) is threadedly connected to a movable clamping frame (204). 3. The integrated gear shaft turning and gear hobbing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that a rotating mounting seat (205) is arranged on the top of the movable clamping frame (204), a rotator (206) is arranged on the inner side of the rotating mounting seat (205), and a positioning pin (207) is arranged at one end of the rotator (206). 4. The integrated gear shaft turning and hobbing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that a flip motor (208) is installed on the side of the controller (102), a rotating disk (209) is movably installed on the side of the flip motor (208), and a plurality of clamping blocks (210) are evenly distributed on the side of the rotating disk (209). 5. The integrated gear shaft turning and gear hobbing device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: a plurality of U-shaped frames (211) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the rotating disk (209), a clamping cylinder (212) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the U-shaped frame (211), and one end of the clamping cylinder (212) passes through the inner side of the U-shaped frame (211). 6. The integrated gear shaft turning and hobbing device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: a sliding frame (214) is provided at one end of the clamping block (210), a plurality of sliding grooves (213) are opened on the side of the rotating disk (209), the sliding frame (214) is slidably installed on the inner side of the sliding groove (213), and the side of the sliding frame (214) is connected to one end of the clamping cylinder (212). 7. The integrated gear shaft turning and gear hobbing device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: translation rails (302) are provided at both ends of the processing frame (301), a translation motor (303) is provided at one end of the translation rail (302), and an electric telescopic rod (306) is symmetrically provided on the side of the turning frame (304), and one end of the electric telescopic rod (306) is connected to one end of the turning motor (305). 8. The integrated gear shaft turning and hobbing device according to claim 7 is characterized in that a fan cover (404) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the chip removal box (401), the chip removal fan (403) is arranged on the inner side of the fan cover (404), and an annular frame (409) is arranged on the inner side of the chip removal box (401), and one end of the filter bag (410) is connected to the annular frame (409). 9. The integrated gear shaft turning and gear hobbing device according to claim 8 is characterized in that a power distribution cabinet (103) is provided at the bottom of the processing table (101), heat dissipation grilles (104) are provided at both ends of the power distribution cabinet (103), and support legs (105) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the power distribution cabinet (103). 10. A processing method of a gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device, characterized in that the gear shaft turning and gear hobbing integrated device according to claim 9 is used, comprising the following steps: S1. When processing the gear shaft, the gear shaft to be processed is placed on the side of the rotating disk (209), and the sliding frame (214) and the clamping block (210) are pushed by the clamping cylinder (212) to slide, thereby realizing the simultaneous merging of the four groups of clamping blocks (210), effectively clamping the gear shaft to be processed, and ensuring stability; S2, the clamping adjustment motor (202) drives the clamping adjustment threaded rod (203) to rotate, thereby pushing the movable clamping frame (204) and the rotating mounting seat (205) to move simultaneously, effectively making the positioning pin (207) abut against one end of the gear shaft, thereby realizing the function of stable limiting, and then conveniently driving the rotating disk (209) to rotate through the flip motor (208), thereby driving the gear shaft to be processed to rotate at the same time, and the rotator (206) and the positioning pin (207) will rotate synchronously, thereby achieving a comprehensive processing effect, which is conducive to further improving the processing range; S3. After the clamping is completed, the processing frame (301) can be controlled to translate on the translation track (302) by the translation motor (303), so that the turning tool head (307) and the gear hobbing tool head (313) can be moved close to the side of the gear shaft to be processed; S4, then the fine-tuning motor (310) is used to control the fine-tuning screw rod (309) to rotate, so that the lifting cylinder (311) drives the gear hobbing motor (312) and the gear hobbing cutter head (313) to further achieve fine-tuning on the fine-tuning track (308), thereby improving the processing accuracy. At the same time, the processing height of the gear hobbing cutter head (313) can be controlled by the lifting and lowering adjustment of the lifting cylinder (311), thereby achieving a more comprehensive gear hobbing work; S5. Moreover, the turning motor (305) drives the turning tool head (307) to rotate, which facilitates efficient turning of the gear shaft. During turning, the electric telescopic rod (306) can control the turning motor (305) to achieve a telescopic function on the inner side of the turning frame (304), which is beneficial to increasing the turning range and improving the turning work efficiency. S6. Metal debris is easily generated during turning and gear hobbing, and a strong suction force can be generated by the chip removal fan (403), and the metal debris on the processing table can be sucked in through the bottom opening of the chip suction cover (406). During the suction, the cleaning brush (407) can provide a cleaning function, which is beneficial to improving the cleaning effect. The sucked debris will be transported to the inside of the chip removal box (401) through the hose (405). During the suction process, the filter bag (410) provides filtering treatment, thereby facilitating the effective collection of the debris and facilitating rapid cleaning at a later time. S7. During the movement of the movable clamping frame (204), the chip suction cover (406) will be driven to move synchronously, thereby facilitating the improvement of the cleaning range. At the same time, the pneumatic telescopic rod (408) can push the chip suction cover (406) to extend further, thereby further increasing the cleaning range and facilitating the realization of high-efficiency cleaning.