CN118422725A - A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an engineering foundation pile detection fixing device for constructional engineering, which relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, wherein a limiting block is in sliding connection with two groups of limiting rods, racks are connected with a recovery assembly through a driving gear, a driving rod and an auxiliary gear which are contained in a linkage assembly, the structure of the induction assembly is the same as that of the recovery assembly, and the auxiliary gear is connected with the inner wall of the recovery assembly through a reversing gear, and the invention has the advantages that: when making the focus change and making the foundation pile appear certain skew, the foundation pile can extrude the carrier block for the carrier block drives movable plate and rack and removes, and drive gear rotates this moment, and then drives reverse gear through auxiliary gear and rotate, and reverse gear rotates and makes servo motor send early warning suggestion, and specific offset obtains accurate offset numerical value through the meshing distance between drive gear and the rack, and then accomplishes and detects whether the angle slope appears in the foundation pile test process.

Description

A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, in particular to a construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering.

Background technique

The static load test of pile foundation is a technology used in engineering to detect the bearing capacity of pile foundation. It is currently the most accurate and reliable test method for determining the ultimate bearing capacity of a single pile. As a basis for determining whether a certain dynamic load test method is mature, the comparative error size of the static load test results is used as the basis. Therefore, each foundation design and treatment specification puts the static load test of a single pile in the first place. In the static load test of pile foundation, the jack is generally placed on the top of the pile foundation, and then the load-bearing steel frame is placed on the top of the jack, and finally the concrete block is placed on the top of the load-bearing steel frame. In the process of continuous increase of concrete blocks, the center of gravity of the pile foundation will change, causing the pile foundation to tilt to a certain extent. The current fixing device requires additional measurement work to detect the tilt angle offset of the pile foundation, and additional devices are required to restore the tilted pile foundation. For this reason, we propose an engineering pile foundation detection fixing device for construction engineering.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering.

In order to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a detection and fixing device for engineering foundation piles for construction engineering, comprising a limit base, the limit base is used as a carrier for a sensing component, a fixing component and a recovery component, the sensing component and the recovery component are connected by a linkage component, the fixing component is gap-connected with the surface of the engineering foundation pile, the sensing component comprises a bearing block, a movable plate and a limit rod, the bearing block is connected to the front end of the movable plate by an axle rod, a rack is installed on the side of the end of the movable plate away from the bearing block, limit blocks are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable plate, the limit blocks are slidably connected to the two groups of limit rods, the rack is connected to the recovery component through a driving gear, a driving rod and an auxiliary gear contained in the linkage component, the sensing component and the recovery component have the same structure, and the auxiliary gear is connected to the inner wall of the recovery component through a reverse gear.

As a further solution of the present invention: the limit base, sensing component, fixing component, recovery component and linkage component are all arranged in four groups and connected in a circular array, the limit base is provided with a back plate and a limit frame, the inner side wall of the back plate is fixedly connected to the limit rod and the positioning bar for fixing the driving rod, a limit shaft is installed inside the front end of the positioning bar, and the driving rod is inserted into the inner wall of the limit shaft.

As a further solution of the present invention: the surface of the bearing block is paved with an anti-slip pad, the threshold of the angle between the rear end of the bearing block and the movable plate is -3° to 3°, the surface of the bearing block is arc-shaped, an anti-slip block is provided at the end of the limit rod away from the inner wall of the limit base, and the cross-section of the anti-slip block is larger than the inner circle cross-section of the limit block, the back length of the rack is smaller than the surface length of the movable plate, and the widths are equal.

As a further solution of the present invention: the fixed assembly includes a rotating rod, an extrusion block and an extrusion wheel, the middle end of the rotating rod is connected to the top of the limit frame through a sleeve shaft, a bearing is installed between the rotating rod and the limit frame, a rubber pad is provided on the surface of the extrusion block, and the thickness of the rubber pad is half of the thickness of the extrusion block, and a rubber ring is sleeved on the surface of the extrusion wheel.

As a further solution of the present invention: the driving gear and the auxiliary gear are equal in size and have equal tooth pitches, the driving gear and the auxiliary gear are respectively meshed and connected with the rack and the reverse gear, the two ends of the driving rod are respectively inserted into the driving gear and the auxiliary gear, and the driving rod is detachable from the driving gear and the auxiliary gear.

As a further solution of the present invention: the reverse gear has the same pitch as the driving gear and the auxiliary gear, and the reverse gear is installed between the auxiliary gear and the second rack included in the recovery assembly, and the bottom surface of the reverse gear is connected to the inner side wall of the limiting base through a support plate.

As a further solution of the present invention: the top of the extension frame arranged in front of the limit frame is connected to a pile hoop, one end of the pile hoop is provided with a connecting groove, and the other end is provided with a connecting block adapted to the connecting groove, the connecting block and the inside and surface of the connecting groove are provided with connecting holes, and bolts are inserted into the connecting holes.

As a further solution of the present invention: four groups of pile hoops are provided, and two adjacent groups of pile hoops are tightly clamped, and a plug-in assembly is provided on the bottom surface of the limit frame, and the plug-in assembly includes a force-bearing rod, an expansion ring and a petal tube. The bottom end of the force-bearing rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion ring, and the expansion ring is placed inside the petal tube. The plug-in assembly is installed on both sides of the bottom surface of the limit frame.

As a further solution of the present invention: the bottom end of the petal tube is in a cone shape when closed, and the petal tube is plugged into the ground of the engineering base.

As a further solution of the present invention: a servo motor is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate, and an output end of the top of the servo motor is connected to a reverse gear.

By adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention detects the offset of the pile foundation by arranging a sensing device. When the center of gravity of the pile foundation changes due to the continuous weight increase on the top during the static load test, causing the pile foundation to have a certain tilt offset, the pile foundation will squeeze the bearing block, so that the bearing block drives the movable plate and the rack to move. At this time, the driving gear rotates, and then drives the reverse gear to rotate through the auxiliary gear. The rotation of the reverse gear causes the servo motor to issue an early warning prompt. The specific offset distance is obtained by the meshing distance between the driving gear and the rack to obtain an accurate offset value, thereby completing the detection of whether an angle tilt occurs during the pile foundation test.

The present invention is provided with a recovery component. When the pile foundation is offset in angle, the sensing component on the inclined side drives the auxiliary gear of the linkage component to rotate, and then drives the auxiliary gear to rotate. Then the servo motor senses the offset warning, and the rotation of the auxiliary gear drives the bearing block of the recovery component to push the bottom of the pile foundation to a certain extent, and the servo motor at the opposite position is started, thereby driving the reverse gear at the opposite position to rotate. The reverse gear rotation drives the bearing block of the recovery component at the opposite position to push the bottom of the pile foundation at the other end until the pile foundation is in a vertical state, so that the inclined pile foundation can be restored to a vertical state through the recovery component.

The present invention is provided with four groups of fixing components, which can be simply and quickly installed to fix the pile body. The sensing component can issue an early warning prompt when the pile is tilted at an angle. Four groups of eight recovery components can quickly restore any offset angle of the pile. The integrated design makes the device highly adaptable, highly protective, widely used, and simple and convenient to operate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an assembly perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the sensing component, the linkage component and the recovery component in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG5 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of a fixing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a pile hoop in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. limit base; 11. back plate; 12. limit frame; 2. induction component; 21. bearing block; 22. moving plate; 221. rack; 23. limit rod; 3. fixing component; 31. rotating rod; 32. extrusion block; 33. extrusion wheel; 4. recovery component; 5. linkage component; 51. driving gear; 52. driving rod; 53. auxiliary gear; 54. reverse gear; 541. support plate; 6. pile hoop; 61. connecting block; 62. connecting hole; 63. bolt; 7. plug-in assembly; 71. force rod; 72. petal tube; 8. servo motor.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Embodiment 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 6. The present invention provides a technical solution: it includes a limit base 1, the limit base 1 is used as a carrier for the sensing component 2, the fixing component 3 and the recovery component 4, the sensing component 2 and the recovery component 4 are connected by a linkage component 5, the fixing component 3 is gap-connected with the surface of the engineering foundation pile, the sensing component 2 includes a bearing block 21, a movable plate 22 and a limit rod 23, the bearing block 21 is connected to the front end of the movable plate 22 by an axle rod, a rack 221 is installed on the side of the end of the movable plate 22 away from the bearing block 21, the upper and lower surfaces of the movable plate 22 are both provided with limit blocks, the limit blocks are slidably connected with the two groups of limit rods 23, the rack 221 is connected to the recovery component 4 through the driving gear 51, the driving rod 52 and the auxiliary gear 53 contained in the linkage component 5, the sensing component 2 and the recovery component 4 have the same structure, and the auxiliary gear 53 is connected to the inner wall of the recovery component 4 through the reverse gear 54.

In this embodiment, when the pile angle is offset, the bearing block 21 on the top of the sensing component 2 will be driven first, so that the bearing block 21 pushes the moving plate 22, and the moving plate 22 drives the rack 221 to move, thereby driving the driving gear 51 of the linkage component 5 to rotate, so that the rotating rod 31 rotates, and the rotation of the rotating rod 31 drives the auxiliary gear 53 to rotate, so that the auxiliary gear 53 drives the reverse gear 54 to rotate, so that the reverse gear 54 drives the corresponding servo motor 8 to start, and then an early warning of the pile angle offset is issued. The limit base 1, the sensing component 2, the fixing component 3, the recovery component 4 and the linkage component 5 are all provided with four groups, and are connected in a circular array. The limit base 1 is provided with a back plate 11 and a limit frame 12. The inner side wall of the back plate 11 is fixedly connected to the limit rod 23 and the positioning bar for fixing the driving rod 52. A limit shaft is installed inside the front end of the positioning bar, and the driving rod 52 is plugged into the inner wall of the limit shaft.

In this embodiment, the surface of the bearing block 21 is paved with an anti-slip pad, and the surface of the bearing block 21 is arc-shaped, so that the fixed foundation pile is more stable, the surface of the bearing block 21 is paved with an anti-slip pad, the threshold of the angle between the rear end of the bearing block 21 and the movable plate 22 is -3°~3°, the surface of the bearing block 21 is arc-shaped, and an anti-slip block is provided at one end of the limiting rod 23 away from the inner wall of the limiting base 1, and the cross-section of the anti-slip block is larger than the inner ring cross-section of the limiting block, and the back length of the rack 221 is smaller than the surface length of the movable plate 22, and the widths are equal.

In this embodiment, by setting a rotating rod 31 and an extruding wheel 33, when the device body is installed, the foundation pile is then installed in the four foundation pile hoops 6. During the installation process, the foundation pile will squeeze the extruding wheel 33, so that the extruding block 32 on the top of the fixing component 3 rotates around the hinge point of the rotating rod 31, so that the extruding block 32 can stably fit on the surface of the foundation pile body, thereby achieving the effect of fixing the pile body, and a rubber pad is provided on the surface of the extruding block 32, so that the fixed pile body is more stable. The fixing component 3 includes a rotating rod 31, an extruding block 32 and an extruding wheel 33. The middle end of the rotating rod 31 is connected to the top of the limiting frame 12 through a sleeve shaft, and a bearing is installed between the rotating rod 31 and the limiting frame 12. A rubber pad is provided on the surface of the extruding block 32, and the thickness of the rubber pad is half of the thickness of the extruding block 32. A rubber ring is sleeved on the surface of the extruding wheel 33.

In this embodiment, by electrically connecting two servo motors 8 that are symmetrical about the center of the device, when the pile is angularly offset to one side, the sensing component 2 and the linkage component 5 on the inclined side will drive the servo motor 8 on that side to send an electrical signal, so that the servo motor 8 at the symmetrical side is started, driving the reverse gear 54 connected to the servo motor 8 to rotate, and then driving the rack meshing with the reverse gear 54 to move, and then driving the bearing block in the restoration component 4 corresponding to the rack to push the bottom of the other side of the inclined pile until the pile returns to a vertical state. The bottom surface of the support plate 541 is fixedly connected to the servo motor 8, and the output end at the top of the servo motor 8 is connected to the reverse gear 54.

Specifically, the pile foundation is offset detected by setting a sensing device. When the pile foundation is subjected to a certain tilt offset due to the continuous weight increase on the top of the pile foundation during the static load test, the pile foundation will squeeze the bearing block 21, so that the bearing block 21 drives the movable plate 22 and the rack 221 to move. At this time, the driving gear 51 rotates, and then drives the reverse gear 54 to rotate through the auxiliary gear 53. The rotation of the reverse gear 54 causes the servo motor 8 to issue an early warning prompt. The specific offset distance is obtained by the meshing distance between the driving gear 51 and the rack 221 to obtain an accurate offset value, thereby completing the detection of whether an angle tilt occurs during the pile foundation test.

Embodiment 2, please refer to Figures 1 to 6. The present invention provides a technical solution: it includes a limit base 1, the limit base 1 is used as a carrier for the sensing component 2, the fixing component 3 and the recovery component 4, the sensing component 2 and the recovery component 4 are connected by a linkage component 5, the fixing component 3 is gap-connected with the surface of the engineering foundation pile, the sensing component 2 includes a bearing block 21, a movable plate 22 and a limit rod 23, the bearing block 21 is connected to the front end of the movable plate 22 by an axle rod, a rack 221 is installed on the side of the end of the movable plate 22 away from the bearing block 21, the upper and lower surfaces of the movable plate 22 are both provided with limit blocks, the limit blocks are slidably connected with the two groups of limit rods 23, the rack 221 is connected to the recovery component 4 through the driving gear 51, the driving rod 52 and the auxiliary gear 53 contained in the linkage component 5, the sensing component 2 and the recovery component 4 have the same structure, and the auxiliary gear 53 is connected to the inner wall of the recovery component 4 through the reverse gear 54.

In this embodiment, the driving gear 51 and the auxiliary gear 53 are of the same size, and the driving gear 51 and the auxiliary gear 53 are of equal size and have equal tooth pitches, so that when the pile is offset, the pile squeezes the bearing block 21 and drives the movable plate 22 to move, so that the rack 221 can be moved, so that the accurate offset value can be obtained through the meshing distance between the driving gear 51 and the rack 221. The driving gear 51 and the auxiliary gear 53 are of equal size and have equal tooth pitches. The driving gear 51 and the auxiliary gear 53 are respectively meshed and connected with the rack 221 and the reverse gear 54, and the two ends of the driving rod 52 are respectively inserted into the driving gear 51 and the auxiliary gear 53, and the driving rod 52 is detachable from the driving gear 51 and the auxiliary gear 53.

In this embodiment, the reverse gear 54 has the same tooth pitch as the driving gear 51 and the auxiliary gear 53, and the reverse gear 54 is installed between the auxiliary gear 53 and the second rack included in the recovery component 4, and the bottom surface of the reverse gear 54 is connected to the inner wall of the limit base 1 through the support plate 541.

In this embodiment, four groups of pile hoops 6 are provided, and a clamping block is provided on one side of the pile hoops 6, and a connecting groove adapted to the clamping block is provided on the other side, so that the device body can be quickly installed through the cooperation of the clamping block and the clamping groove, and then the four pile hoops 6 are quickly installed through the cooperation of the connecting hole 62 and the connecting groove. The top of the extension frame arranged in front of the limiting frame 12 is connected to the pile hoop 6, a connecting groove is provided at one end of the pile hoop 6, and a connecting clamping block 61 adapted to the connecting groove is provided at the other end, and connecting holes 62 are provided in the inside and surface of the connecting clamping block 61 and the connecting groove, and bolts 63 are inserted in the connecting hole 62.

Specifically, by providing a recovery component 4, when the pile foundation is offset at an angle, the sensing component 2 on the tilted side will drive the auxiliary gear 53 of the linkage component 5 to rotate, and then drive the auxiliary gear 53 to rotate, and then the servo motor 8 senses the offset warning, and the auxiliary gear 53 rotates to drive the bearing block of the recovery component 4 to push the bottom of the pile foundation to a certain extent, and the servo motor 8 at the opposite position is started, thereby driving the reverse gear 54 at the opposite position to rotate, and the reverse gear 54 rotates to drive the bearing block of the recovery component 4 at the opposite position to push the bottom of the pile foundation at the other end until the pile foundation is in a vertical state, so that the tilted pile foundation can be restored to a vertical state through the recovery component 4.

Embodiment 3, please refer to Figures 1 to 6. The present invention provides a technical solution: it includes a limit base 1, the limit base 1 is used as a carrier for the sensing component 2, the fixing component 3 and the recovery component 4, the sensing component 2 and the recovery component 4 are connected by a linkage component 5, the fixing component 3 is gap-connected with the surface of the engineering foundation pile, the sensing component 2 includes a bearing block 21, a movable plate 22 and a limit rod 23, the bearing block 21 is connected to the front end of the movable plate 22 by an axle rod, a rack 221 is installed on the side of the end of the movable plate 22 away from the bearing block 21, the upper and lower surfaces of the movable plate 22 are both provided with limit blocks, the limit blocks are slidably connected with the two groups of limit rods 23, the rack 221 is connected to the recovery component 4 through the driving gear 51, the driving rod 52 and the auxiliary gear 53 contained in the linkage component 5, the sensing component 2 and the recovery component 4 have the same structure, and the auxiliary gear 53 is connected to the inner wall of the recovery component 4 through the reverse gear 54.

In this embodiment, by setting up the plug-in assembly 7, the device body can be stably fixed through the cooperation of the force-bearing rod 71, the expansion ring and the petal tube 72. Four groups of pile hoops 6 are provided, and two adjacent groups of pile hoops 6 are tightly clamped. The bottom surface of the limiting frame 12 is provided with the plug-in assembly 7. The plug-in assembly 7 includes a force-bearing rod 71, an expansion ring and a petal tube 72. The bottom end of the force-bearing rod 71 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion ring, and the expansion ring is placed inside the petal tube 72. The plug-in assembly 7 is installed on both sides of the bottom surface of the limiting frame 12.

In this embodiment, the bottom end of the petal tube 72 is in a cone shape when closed, and the petal tube 72 is plugged into the ground of the engineering base.

Specifically, four groups of fixing components 3 are provided to fix the pile body by simple and fast installation. The sensing component 2 can issue an early warning when the pile is tilted. Four groups of eight recovery components 4 can quickly restore any offset angle of the pile. The integrated design makes the device highly adaptable, highly protective, widely used, and simple and convenient to operate.

working principle:

The first step is to align the adjacent blocks and connecting grooves of the four groups of pile hoops 6, and then fasten the four groups of pile hoops 6 with bolts 63, and then hit the force-bearing rod 71 to drive the expansion ring and the petal tube 72 into the ground to fix the device body, and then place the piles from top to bottom into the four pile hoops 6. The piles will squeeze the squeezing wheel 33 at the bottom of the fixing component 3. The squeezing wheel 33 rotates around the hinge point between the rotating rod 31 and the top of the limiting frame 12 while rotating, so that the squeezing block 32 at the top of the fixing component 3 can fix the pile body by squeezing the surface of the pile. After the center of gravity changes after adding counterweight blocks on the top of the pile body for the pile static load test, the pile body changes angle The surface of the pile first drives the bearing block 21 of the sensing component 2 to rotate, and pushes the moving plate 22 to move. The movement of the moving plate 22 drives the rack 221 to move. The movement of the rack 221 drives the driving gear 51 of the linkage component 5 to rotate. The driving gear 51 drives the driving rod 52 to rotate. The driving rod 52 drives the auxiliary gear 53 to rotate. The auxiliary gear 53 drives the reverse gear 54 to rotate. The reverse gear 54 drives the rack of the bottom recovery component 4 to move, and then drives the moving plate connected thereto to move, and then drives the bearing block connected thereto to move, so that the bearing block pushes the outer surface of the bottom of the pile, so that the bearing block has a certain force to restore the vertical state.

The second step, then, in this process, the reverse gear 54 rotates to drive the corresponding servo motor 8 to start, the servo motor 8 sends an electrical signal to the servo motor 8 symmetrical with its center of gravity, the corresponding servo motor 8 starts, the servo motor 8 starts and drives the corresponding reverse gear 54 to rotate, the reverse gear 54 rotates and drives the rack of the recovery component 4 meshing with it to move, the rack movement drives the moving plate connected to it to move, the moving plate movement drives the bearing block connected to it to push the bottom outer side surface of the other end of the pile until the pile is restored to a vertical state, so that through the cooperation of the eight sensing components 2 and the recovery component 4, the pile can be restored to a vertical state when it is offset at any angle, and the entire workflow ends here.

The above-mentioned front, back, left, right, top and bottom are all based on Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings in the specification. According to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be noted that the device structure and the drawings of the present invention mainly describe the principle of the present invention. In terms of the technology of the design principle, the settings of the power mechanism, power supply system and control system of the device are not fully described. On the premise that the technical personnel in this field understand the principle of the above invention, the details of the power mechanism, power supply system and control system can be clearly known. The control method of the application document is automatic control through a controller, and the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming by the technical personnel in this field.

The standard parts used therein can all be purchased from the market and can be customized according to the instructions and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt mature conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the structures and principles of the components known to technical personnel in this field can be known by these technical personnel through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering, comprising a limit base (1), characterized in that: the limit base (1) is used as a carrier for a sensing component (2), a fixing component (3) and a recovery component (4), the sensing component (2) and the recovery component (4) are connected via a linkage component (5), the fixing component (3) is gap-connected with the surface of the construction pile, the sensing component (2) comprises a bearing block (21), a movable plate (22) and a limit rod (23), the bearing block (21) is connected to the front end of the movable plate (22) via a shaft rod, A rack (221) is installed on the side surface of one end of the movable plate (22) away from the bearing block (21); limit blocks are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable plate (22); the limit blocks are slidably connected to the two groups of limit rods (23); the rack (221) is connected to the recovery component (4) through a driving gear (51), a driving rod (52) and an auxiliary gear (53) contained in the linkage component (5); the sensing component (2) and the recovery component (4) have the same structure; the auxiliary gear (53) is connected to the inner wall of the recovery component (4) through a reverse gear (54). 2. A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limit base (1), the sensing component (2), the fixing component (3), the recovery component (4) and the linkage component (5) are all provided with four groups and are connected in a circular array, the limit base (1) is provided with a back plate (11) and a limit frame (12), the inner side wall of the back plate (11) is fixedly connected to the limit rod (23) and the positioning strip for fixing the driving rod (52), a limit shaft is installed inside the front end of the positioning strip, and the driving rod (52) is plugged into the inner wall of the limit shaft. 3. A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the bearing block (21) is paved with an anti-slip pad, the threshold of the angle between the rear end of the bearing block (21) and the movable plate (22) is -3° to 3°, the surface of the bearing block (21) is arc-shaped, an anti-slip block is provided at one end of the limiting rod (23) away from the inner wall of the limiting base (1), and the cross-section of the anti-slip block is larger than the inner circle cross-section of the limiting block, the back length of the rack (221) is smaller than the surface length of the movable plate (22), and the widths are equal. 4. A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: the fixing component (3) includes a rotating rod (31), an extrusion block (32) and an extrusion wheel (33), the middle end of the rotating rod (31) is connected to the top of the limit frame (12) through a sleeve shaft, a bearing is installed between the rotating rod (31) and the limit frame (12), a rubber pad is provided on the surface of the extrusion block (32), and the thickness of the rubber pad is half the thickness of the extrusion block (32), and a rubber ring is sleeved on the surface of the extrusion wheel (33). 5. A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving gear (51) and the auxiliary gear (53) are equal in size and have equal tooth pitches, the driving gear (51) and the auxiliary gear (53) are respectively meshed with the rack (221) and the reverse gear (54), the two ends of the driving rod (52) are respectively inserted into the driving gear (51) and the auxiliary gear (53), and the driving rod (52) is detachable from the driving gear (51) and the auxiliary gear (53). 6. A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reverse gear (54) has the same pitch as the driving gear (51) and the auxiliary gear (53), and the reverse gear (54) is installed between the auxiliary gear (53) and the second rack included in the recovery component (4), and the bottom surface of the reverse gear (54) is connected to the inner side wall of the limiting base (1) through a support plate (541). 7. A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: a pile hoop (6) is connected to the top of the extension frame arranged directly in front of the limit frame (12), one end of the pile hoop (6) is provided with a connecting groove, and the other end is provided with a connecting block (61) adapted to the connecting groove, the connecting block (61) and the interior and surface of the connecting groove are provided with connecting holes (62), and a bolt (63) is inserted into the connecting hole (62). 8. A construction pile detection and fixing device for a construction project according to claim 7, characterized in that: the pile hoops (6) are provided in four groups, and two adjacent groups of pile hoops (6) are tightly clamped, and the bottom surface of the limit frame (12) is provided with a plug-in assembly (7), and the plug-in assembly (7) includes a force-bearing rod (71), an expansion ring and a petal tube (72), the bottom end of the force-bearing rod (71) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion ring, and the expansion ring is placed inside the petal tube (72), and the plug-in assembly (7) is installed on both sides of the bottom surface of the limit frame (12). 9. A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that the bottom end of the petal tube (72) is in a cone shape when closed, and the petal tube (72) is plugged into the bottom surface of the construction base. 10. A construction pile detection and fixing device for construction engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that a servo motor (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate (541), and the output end of the top of the servo motor (8) is connected to a reverse gear (54).