CN118398427B - An arc extinguishing system - Google Patents
An arc extinguishing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN118398427B CN118398427B CN202410667423.2A CN202410667423A CN118398427B CN 118398427 B CN118398427 B CN 118398427B CN 202410667423 A CN202410667423 A CN 202410667423A CN 118398427 B CN118398427 B CN 118398427B
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- arc extinguishing
- grid sheet
- narrow slit
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 26
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- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
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- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an arc extinguishing system, which relates to the field of circuit breakers and comprises a support, a narrow slit structure and an arc extinguishing chamber, wherein the arc extinguishing chamber comprises a first arc extinguishing chamber and a second arc extinguishing chamber, the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber are electrically isolated, a first arc extinguishing grid sheet set is arranged in the first arc extinguishing chamber, a second arc extinguishing grid sheet set is arranged in the second arc extinguishing chamber, the first narrow slit structure and the second narrow slit structure are separated from one end to the other end of the narrow slit structure, the first narrow slit structure and the second narrow slit structure are arranged in an angle mode and face the first arc extinguishing grid sheet set and the second arc extinguishing grid sheet set respectively, and two arc extinguishing channels are formed. The invention can effectively reduce the volume of the circuit breaker, greatly reduce the arcing distance, restrict the diameter, the length and the path of the arc and improve the arc extinguishing effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, in particular to an arc extinguishing system.
Background
The circuit breaker is a mechanical switching device which can be used for switching on, carrying and breaking current under the condition of normal circuit and also can be used for switching on, carrying for a certain time and breaking current under the condition of specified abnormal circuit. At present, a low-voltage circuit breaker generally utilizes the near-pole voltage drop and the dissociation effect of an arc extinguishing grid sheet to improve the arc voltage and the medium recovery strength, so that the arc is extinguished and the arc is prevented from reigniting. The more the number of the grid plates is, the larger the arc voltage formed by the sum of the near-voltage drops is, and the better the dissociation effect is, and when the arc voltage exceeds the power supply voltage, the arc is extinguished. Therefore, the ability to break an arc at higher voltages, depending on the number of grid pieces available, requires more space to arrange more grid pieces, which can result in increased product volume, increased cost, and inconvenience to the user. On the basis of limited space and limited grid number, the arc voltage is continuously increased by the measures of increasing the arc length, reducing the arc section and the like through a narrow slit structure. Meanwhile, because the length of the electric arc required under high voltage such as 1500V of alternating current and direct current is longer, and a single narrow slit structure has limited capacity of stretching the electric arc, and is not beneficial to being used in cooperation with an arc extinguishing system with a multi-grid-plate group structure. Based on the above, how to improve the arc extinguishing effect of the arc extinguishing system through the reliable matching of the narrow slit structure and the multi-grid sheet group, shorten the arc-extinguishing distance, and not increase the volume, so that the arc-extinguishing system is suitable for higher working voltage, which is a difficult problem to be solved in the current field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an arc extinguishing system which is applicable to higher rated working voltage, can effectively reduce the size of a circuit breaker, greatly reduce the arcing distance, restrict the diameter, the length and the path of an arc and improve the arc extinguishing effect.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
The invention provides an arc extinguishing system, wherein the arc extinguishing system and a contact system form a circuit breaker, the contact system comprises a moving contact system and a fixed contact system, the moving contact system comprises an arc contact, and the arc extinguishing system comprises a bracket, a narrow slit structure which is arranged in front of the bracket and accommodates the arc contact, and an arc extinguishing chamber which is arranged behind the bracket.
The arc extinguishing chamber comprises a first arc extinguishing chamber and a second arc extinguishing chamber, wherein the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber are electrically isolated, a first arc extinguishing grid sheet set is arranged in the first arc extinguishing chamber, and a second arc extinguishing grid sheet set is arranged in the second arc extinguishing chamber.
The arc extinguishing device comprises a first arc extinguishing grid sheet group, a second arc extinguishing grid sheet group, a first narrow slit structure, a second narrow slit structure, a first arc extinguishing grid sheet group and a second arc extinguishing grid sheet group, wherein the narrow slit structure is a hollow structure in a narrow slit shape, the first narrow slit structure and the second narrow slit structure are separated from one end to the other end of the narrow slit structure, the first narrow slit structure and the second narrow slit structure are arranged in an angle mode, the first narrow slit structure and the second narrow slit structure face the first arc extinguishing grid sheet group and the second arc extinguishing grid sheet group respectively, two arc extinguishing channels are formed, and after a circuit is disconnected, an arc generated at an arc contact reaches the first arc extinguishing grid sheet group and the second arc extinguishing grid sheet group along the two arc extinguishing channels respectively.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides an arc extinguishing system which can be applied to a circuit breaker with higher rated working voltage, adopts a serial connection mode that a plurality of arc extinguishing chambers are arranged in parallel, and divides the arc extinguishing system into two arc extinguishing chambers which are arranged in parallel, namely a first arc extinguishing chamber and a second arc extinguishing chamber, and the two arc extinguishing chambers are electrically isolated, so that the volume of the circuit breaker is effectively reduced, the arc extinguishing system has the capacity of breaking full-voltage short-circuit current by a single pole, and the arcing distance is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, a special structure that a single narrow slit structure is dispersed into two narrow slit structures is adopted, the length of an electric arc is increased to the greatest extent in a limited volume, the diameter of the electric arc can be compressed by the double narrow slit structure, and the movement path of the electric arc is restrained, so that the utilization rate of a grid sheet is improved, and the dissociation effect is enhanced. Moreover, the arc extinguishing system can be matched with the contact system to isolate the contact system from the arc extinguishing system, and the diameter of an electric arc is restrained through a narrow slit structure, so that an electric field of the electric arc is more concentrated, an electric arc path is restrained, a concentrated induction magnetic field is easy to form, and the performance and the arc extinguishing effect of the arc extinguishing system are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of an arc extinguishing system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the arc extinguishing system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention after removing a side cover plate and a part of a bracket;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the arc extinguishing system after only the dynamic arc striking plate and the static arc striking plate are maintained according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of axial measurement of the arc-entering side direction of the arc extinguishing system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating axial measurement of an arc-out side direction of the arc extinguishing system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of axial measurement of the arc-entering side direction of the arc extinguishing system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an arc extinguishing system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention with the right cover plate removed;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an arc extinguishing system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention with a left cover plate removed;
fig. 9 is a plan view of the arc extinguishing system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention with the left cover plate and the baffle removed;
Fig. 10 is a plan view of the arc extinguishing system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention with the right cover plate and the baffle removed;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the arc extinguishing system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention with the bracket and the cover plate removed;
fig. 12 is an isometric view of the arc extinguishing system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention with the bracket cover plate removed and the U-shaped magnetic increasing plate set removed;
fig. 13 is a schematic layout diagram of an arc extinguishing grid sheet set and a moving and static arc striking plate of the arc extinguishing system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of arc movement direction of the arc extinguishing system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention with the bracket and cover plate removed;
Fig. 15 is an axial schematic view of arc movement direction of the arc extinguishing system with the bracket and cover plate removed according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a bottom plan view of the bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the arc movement direction of the first arc extinguishing chamber of the support provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a front view of a support and an arc movement direction schematic diagram provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a top plan view of a bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 20 is a schematic view of the arc movement direction of the second arc extinguishing chamber of the support provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of an arc entering port arc and an airflow moving direction of the arc extinguishing system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 22 is a plan view of the arc extinguishing system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention with the left cover plate and the baffle removed;
Fig. 23 is a plan view of the arc extinguishing system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention with the right cover plate and the baffle removed;
fig. 24 is a schematic diagram showing the relative relationship between a first striking plate and a second striking plate according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 25 is a schematic view of an arc striking cut provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a schematic view of the arc movement trend provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing the current at the initial stage of breaking provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 28 is a schematic view of the current and arc movement at the initial stage of opening the contact according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 29 is a schematic diagram of current and arc movement at mid-breaking stage provided in example 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 30 is a schematic diagram of the current and arc movement of the first arc extinguishing chamber at the end of breaking provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of the current and arc movement of the second arc extinguishing chamber at the end of breaking provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The reference numerals are 1, a fixed contact system, 2, a moving contact system, 3, an arc extinguishing system, 9, an arc contact, 10, an arc striking silver point, 19, a cover plate, 20, a bracket, 21, a guide plate, 22, a gas generating plate, 23, a U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set, 24, a moving arc striking plate, 25, an arc extinguishing grid sheet set, 26, a first arc extinguishing chamber, 27, a second arc extinguishing chamber, 28, a fixed arc striking plate, 29, a platform structure, 30, a baffle plate, 31, a first arc striking grid sheet, 32, a second arc striking grid sheet, 33, a guide inclined plane, 34, a first arc entrance, 35, a second arc entrance, 36, a soft connecting wire, 39, a groove structure, 40, a narrow slit structure, 41, a first narrow slit structure, 42, a second narrow slit structure, 45, an insulating sleeve, 47, a cylindrical surface structure, 48 and an arc striking notch.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
At present, the existing arc extinguishing system has poor arc extinguishing performance, higher requirement on installation space, low reliability and large arcing distance, and is unfavorable for reducing cost. In addition, when critical load current under high direct current voltage is cut off, the effect of magnetic blowing and air blowing is reduced because of lower current, and at present, a mode of additionally installing a permanent magnet is often adopted, so that the magnetic blowing effect is enhanced, an electric arc enters an arc extinguishing chamber, and the cut off is completed. However, the direct current breaker with the permanent magnet has polarity requirement, and current breaking under the condition of wrong wiring polarity can cause more serious consequences. Along with the increase of the service life of the permanent magnet, the high temperature influence of the arc on the permanent magnet during breaking and the high temperature influence of the inherent temperature rise of the circuit breaker when the circuit breaker is in high-environment-temperature operation, the magnetism of the permanent magnet can be gradually reduced, so that the magnetic blowing effect is reduced, and the breaking performance, the reliability and the service life of the circuit breaker are greatly influenced.
The invention aims to provide an arc extinguishing system which is applicable to higher rated working voltage, can effectively reduce the size of a circuit breaker, greatly reduce the arcing distance, restrict the diameter, the length and the path of an arc and improve the arc extinguishing effect.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment proposes an arc extinguishing system, the arc extinguishing system 3 may form a circuit breaker with a contact system, the contact system includes a moving contact system 2 and a fixed contact system 1, the moving contact system 2 includes an arc contact 9, and the arc extinguishing system 3 includes a bracket 20, a slot structure 40 disposed in front of the bracket 20 and accommodating the arc contact 9, and an arc extinguishing chamber disposed behind the bracket 20.
In this embodiment, the arc extinguishing chambers include a first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and a second arc extinguishing chamber 27, and the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 are electrically isolated from each other.
In this embodiment, the first arc-extinguishing chamber 26 is provided with a first arc-extinguishing gate sheet group inside, the second arc-extinguishing chamber 27 is provided with a second arc-extinguishing gate sheet group inside, the first arc-extinguishing gate sheet group with the second arc-extinguishing gate sheet group all includes a plurality of arc-extinguishing gate sheets, just the first arc-extinguishing gate sheet group with be the angle arrangement between the second arc-extinguishing gate sheet group.
In this embodiment, the slot structure 40 is a hollow slot structure, a first slot structure 41 and a second slot structure 42 are separated from one end to the other end of the slot structure 40, the first slot structure 41 and the second slot structure 42 are arranged at an angle, the first slot structure 41 and the second slot structure 42 face the first arc-extinguishing grid sheet set and the second arc-extinguishing grid sheet set respectively to form two arc-extinguishing channels, and the slot structure 40 is used for enabling an arc generated at the arc contact 9 to reach the first arc-extinguishing grid sheet set and the second arc-extinguishing grid sheet set along the two arc-extinguishing channels respectively after the circuit is disconnected.
In this embodiment, the first arc striking grid 31 and the second arc striking grid 32 are further included. The tail end of the first arc striking grid sheet 31 is arranged at the top of the first arc extinguishing grid sheet group, the tail end of the second arc striking grid sheet 32 is arranged at the bottom of the second arc extinguishing grid sheet group, and the starting end of the first arc striking grid sheet 31 is overlapped with and electrically connected with the starting end of the second arc striking grid sheet 32.
The first arc striking grid 31 and the second arc striking grid 32 are used for guiding an arc to the first arc extinguishing grid set and the second arc extinguishing grid set respectively.
In this embodiment, the arc starting device further includes a movable arc striking plate 24, where the movable arc striking plate 24 is disposed at the top of the second arc extinguishing grid sheet set, and the movable arc striking plate 24 is used to guide the arc to the second arc extinguishing grid sheet set.
In this embodiment, the static arc striking plate 28 is further included, the static arc striking plate 28 is disposed at the bottom of the first arc extinguishing grid sheet set, and the static arc striking plate 28 is used for connecting the static contact system 1.
In this embodiment, the static arc striking plate 28 is provided with a platform structure 29, and after the platform structure 29 is used for contacting with the arc striking silver point 10 of the arc contact 9, an arc generating area is formed between the arc contact 9 and the platform structure 29, and the arc generating area is an area for generating an electric arc.
In this embodiment, a U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set 23 is disposed below the platform structure 29, where the U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set 23 includes a U-shaped arm, the U-shaped arm is disposed on the support 20 and an opening of the U-shaped arm faces the slot structure 40, the arc generating region is located in a range of the U-shaped arm, and the U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set is used to form an induction magnetic field around the arc generating region, so that an arc generated in the arc generating region moves toward the slot structure 40 under a magnetic force of the induction magnetic field.
In this embodiment, the end of the first arc extinguishing grid sheet group and the end of the second arc extinguishing grid sheet group are both provided with a guide plate 21, the end of the guide plate 21 is provided with a gas pressure reducing area, and the guide plate 21 is used for guiding residual arc and residual gas to the gas pressure reducing area.
In this embodiment, the device further includes a cover plate 19, where the cover plate 19 is disposed on the support 20, and the cover plate 19 is located between the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 27, and the cover plate 19 is used to increase isolation performance between the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 27.
In this embodiment, an included angle between the first arc-extinguishing gate sheet group and the second arc-extinguishing gate sheet group is 3 ° to 5 °.
In this embodiment, the included angle between the first slit structure 41 and the second slit structure 42 is 20 ° to 180 °.
The arc extinguishing system 3 in this embodiment is arranged with the moving contact system 2 and the stationary contact system 1 according to the position shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2and 3, in the arc extinguishing system 3 of the present embodiment, the area between the platform structure 29 of the static striking plate 28 and the striking silver point 10 of the arc contact 9 is an arc generating area, i.e. an arc generating area, when current is broken.
As shown in fig. 4 to 13, the arc extinguishing system 3 includes a bracket 20, a cover plate 19, a gas generating plate 22, an arc extinguishing grid sheet set 25, a movable arc striking plate 24, a static arc striking plate 28, a U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set 23, a first arc striking grid sheet 31, a second arc striking grid sheet 32, a baffle 30 and a deflector 21.
In this embodiment, the cover plate 19 is mounted on both sides of the bracket 20. The support 20, together with the cover plate 19, divides the arc extinguishing system 3 into two arc extinguishing chambers, namely a first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and a second arc extinguishing chamber 27, which are electrically isolated from each other. The arc extinguishing chambers are internally provided with arc extinguishing grid plate groups 25, the tail end of a first arc striking grid plate 31 is arranged at the uppermost side of the arc extinguishing grid plate groups 25 of the first arc extinguishing chamber 26, the tail end of a second arc striking grid plate 32 is arranged at the lowermost side of the arc extinguishing grid plate groups 25 of the second arc extinguishing chamber 27, and the starting ends of the first arc striking grid plate 31 and the second arc striking grid plate 32 are stacked together, cross the two arc extinguishing chambers and are electrically connected. The movable arc striking plate 24 is arranged at the uppermost side of the arc extinguishing grid sheet group 25 of the second arc extinguishing chamber 27, and the part of the movable arc striking plate, which is positioned at the outer side of the second arc extinguishing chamber 27, is of a widened structure, so that the arc striking capacity and the heat capacity are enhanced.
As shown in fig. 13, the arc extinguishing gate groups 25 in the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and the arc extinguishing gate groups 25 in the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 are arranged at a certain angle, and the included angle is not less than 3 °, preferably 3 ° to 5 °. By adopting the arrangement mode with the angle, as the directions of arc currents in the two arc extinguishing chambers are the same, the induction magnetic fields between the two arc extinguishing chambers can attract each other, so that the problems of partial burning of arc extinguishing grid plates and low utilization rate of the grid plates caused by attraction between the two arc extinguishing chambers after the arcs moving in the same direction generate magnetic fields are solved. Meanwhile, the thickness of the support 20 between the arc extinguishing grid sheet group 25 in the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and the arc extinguishing grid sheet group 25 in the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 is increased, so that the mechanical strength of the support 20 is ensured, and the support is not damaged by the thrust of high-pressure gas.
In this embodiment, the arc extinguishing gate sheet group 25 in the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and the arc extinguishing gate sheet group 25 in the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 are arranged side by side left and right, which is beneficial to assembly.
In this embodiment, the support 20 has a flow guiding inclined plane 33 structure, so that the incoming arc and high-temperature gas are easy to change direction, and enter the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 through the first arc inlet 34 and enter the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 through the second arc inlet 35. As shown in fig. 21, the flow guiding inclined surfaces 33 of the bracket 20 are respectively matched with the baffle 30 to form a narrow slit structure from small to large, and are dispersed into two narrow slit structures 40 from a single narrow slit structure 40, namely a first narrow slit structure 41 and a second narrow slit structure 42, wherein the first narrow slit structure 41 and the second narrow slit structure 42 are arranged at a certain angle from left to right, and the included angle is 20-180 degrees, and in the embodiment, a 2500A shell frame is taken as an example, and the included angle is preferably 75-95 degrees.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the angle between the first slot structure 41 and the second slot structure 42 depends on the distance between the first slot structure 41 and the second slot structure 42 (this distance depends on the width of the grid, which is limited by the overall size of the circuit breaker, and when the width of the grid is large, the angle will also become larger, so that the circuit breakers with different sizes will also have different angles and have larger differences), and the distance between the two and the slot structure 40 (too far distance will cause the arc extinguishing grid to be too far from the arc contact, which is unfavorable for the arc extinguishing grid to attract the arc, too close distance will cause the airflow to rotate too rapidly in the airflow direction, and the airflow resistance will be too large).
In this embodiment, the arc-extinguishing gate sheet groups 25 (i.e., the first arc-extinguishing gate sheet group) of the first arc-extinguishing chamber 26 and the arc-extinguishing gate sheet groups 25 (i.e., the second arc-extinguishing gate sheet group) of the second arc-extinguishing chamber 27 are arranged at a certain angle from side to side, so that the arrangement of dispersing the slit structures 40 into the first slit structures 41 and the second slit structures 42 is facilitated, the included angle between the first slit structures 41 and the second slit structures 42 is reduced, and the air resistance is reduced.
In this embodiment, the arc-extinguishing gate sheet group 25 at the lower part in the first arc-extinguishing chamber 26 is a longer arc-extinguishing gate sheet, and the arc-extinguishing gate sheet group 25 at the lower part in the second arc-extinguishing chamber 27 is a shorter arc-extinguishing gate sheet, which are correspondingly arranged at a certain angle or in parallel.
In this embodiment, the arc-extinguishing gate sheet group 25 at the upper part in the first arc-extinguishing chamber 26 is a shorter arc-extinguishing gate sheet, and the arc-extinguishing gate sheet group 25 at the upper part in the second arc-extinguishing chamber 27 is a longer arc-extinguishing gate sheet, which are correspondingly arranged at a certain angle or in parallel.
In this embodiment, two sides of the arc extinguishing gate sheet group 25 in each arc extinguishing chamber are respectively provided with a baffle 30, which blocks the extending parts of two sides of the arc extinguishing gate sheet group 25 and is respectively attached to two sides of the middle parts of the first arc striking gate sheet 31 and the second arc striking gate sheet 32.
In this embodiment, the static striking plate 28 is disposed at the lowest side of the arc extinguishing grid set 25 of the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 of the support 20, and one end of the static striking plate is connected to the static contact system 1 by a flexible wire 36, etc., and is electrically connected therebetween.
In this embodiment, the static arc striking plate 28 has a platform structure 29, which can contact with the striking silver point 10 of the arc contact 9 of the moving contact system 2 to realize current conduction.
In this embodiment, a U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set 23 is disposed below the platform structure 29, and two arms of the U-shaped arm of the U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set 23 are disposed in the bracket 20 and located at two sides (i.e., two sides of the arcing region) of the arcing silver point 10 and the platform structure 29. The lower part of the U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet group 23 is wrapped by an insulating sleeve 45, can be electrically isolated from the static striking plate 28, and is matched with a cushion block of the static contact system 1 at the same time, so that the position of the platform structure 29 is fixed.
In this embodiment, the front end of the bracket 20 forms a slot structure 40, two sides of the slot structure 40 are provided with gas generating plates 22, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 6, the gas generating plates 22 are located at two sides of the platform structure 29 of the static striking plate 28 and cover the movement path of the whole striking silver point 10, and are tightly matched with the arc contact 9, so as to form the slot structure.
As shown in fig. 16 to 20, the support 20 has a flow guiding inclined plane 33 structure, so that the incoming arc and high temperature gas are easy to change direction, and enter the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 through the first arc inlet 34 and enter the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 through the second arc inlet 35 respectively.
As shown in fig. 21, the flow guiding inclined surfaces 33 of the bracket 20 are respectively matched with the baffle 30 to form a narrow slit structure from small to large, and are dispersed into two narrow slit structures 40 from a single narrow slit structure 40, namely a first narrow slit structure 41 and a second narrow slit structure 42, wherein the first narrow slit structure 41 and the second narrow slit structure 42 are arranged at a certain angle from left to right, and the included angle is between 20 ° and 180 °.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the front end of the bracket 20 has a cylindrical structure 47 and a groove structure 39, and can be matched with the moving contact system 2, where the cylindrical structure 47 at the front end of the bracket 20 is matched with the cylindrical structure of the moving contact cover of the moving contact system 2, the groove structure 39 is matched with the boss structure of the moving contact cover, so as to increase the resistance of the air flow escaping outwards, prevent the air flow from moving from the arcing region to the moving contact system 2, and isolate the arcing region between the arcing silver point 10 of the arcing contact 9 and the platform structure 29 of the static arcing plate 28 from other conductive parts of the moving contact system 2.
As shown in fig. 5, the end of the arc extinguishing grating sheet group 25 in the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 is provided with a flow guiding plate 21, the flow guiding plate 21 has a certain thickness, in this embodiment, the thickness of the flow guiding plate 21 is preferably 5-8 mm, the air flow direction is constrained to be the direction of the hole by a hole structure with a certain thickness, the movement direction of the residual arc and the high temperature gas can be controlled, and a proper space is reserved outside the flow guiding plate 21 as a gas pressure decompression area, which is beneficial for gas discharge and preventing back breakdown.
In this embodiment, the platform structure 29 may be formed by adding a solder silver point or other material to cooperate with the arcing silver point 10 to reduce the contact resistance between the static striking plate 28 and the arcing contact 10 and enhance the electrical conductivity.
In this embodiment, the U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set 23 may be made of a low magnetic resistance material such as a silicon steel sheet, so as to enhance magnetic permeability.
In this embodiment, in the space outside the deflector 21, a measure of eliminating the dissociation such as folding metal mesh can be added to prevent the residual arc from further diffusing outwards.
In this embodiment, the arc-extinguishing grid plate group 25 is a symmetrical cutting grid plate or an asymmetrical cutting grid plate, the shape of the arc-extinguishing grid plate can be properly changed according to the voltage or current level requirement, and the arc-extinguishing grid plate without cutting can be adopted, so that the heat capacity is high, the dissociation effect is good, and the arc is easy to extinguish. Alternatively, asymmetric cutting grids can be used to elongate the arc, increase the voltage of the arc, and facilitate the extinction of the arc.
In this embodiment, the width of the initial end of the static striking plate 28 covers the width of the whole arc extinguishing system 3, and gradually changes along with the slope structure of the bottom of the first arc inlet 34 of the bracket 20 until the width of the end is the same as the width of the arc extinguishing grid set 25 of the first arc extinguishing chamber 26.
In this embodiment, the initial end of the movable arc striking plate 24 gradually changes with the inclined plane structure at the top of the second arc inlet 35 of the support 20 until the final end is the same as the width of the arc extinguishing gate group 25 of the second arc extinguishing chamber 27, and the movable arc striking plate 24 is electrically connected to or near the arc contact 9 at the off position to guide the arc path.
As shown in fig. 22 to 26, in another embodiment, the front ends of the first striking grid sheet 31 and the second striking grid sheet 32 of the arc extinguishing system 3 extend into the bracket 20, and have the same shape and structure, and are arranged in a 180 ° rotary fit manner, and the front ends form a U-shaped structure, so that the electric arc is drawn to move into the arc extinguishing system 3.
As shown in fig. 24, the front ends of the first arc striking grid sheet 31 and the second arc striking grid sheet 32 have arc striking cut 48 structures, and the directions of the arc striking cut 48 respectively correspond to the inlet angles of the first arc inlet and the second arc inlet, as shown in fig. 25, so that the electric arcs are more beneficial to respectively moving towards the inside of the first arc inlet 34 and the second arc inlet 35. Meanwhile, the first arc striking grid sheet 31 and the second arc striking grid sheet 32 adopt a superposition structure, so that the heat capacity is increased, and the dissociation elimination effect is improved.
The operation principle of the arc extinguishing system of the embodiment is specifically as follows:
As shown in fig. 14 to 21, the direction of the arc in the arc extinguishing system 3 is schematically shown when the arc is generated between the striking silver point 10 of the arc contact 9 and the static striking plate 17. When the electric arc is generated, the high-temperature electric arc promotes the gas generating plates 22 on the two sides of the arc striking silver point 10 of the arc contact 9 to be cracked, generates particle air flow, forms a gas blowing effect and promotes the electric arc to enter the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 27. Meanwhile, the U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet groups 23 on the two sides of the striking silver point 10 gather and strengthen the current induction magnetic field flowing in the static striking plate 28, and the lorentz force analysis can obtain that the formed magnetic field is used for forming a nonpolar magnetic blowing enhancement effect towards the inside of the arc extinguishing system 3 no matter the current direction, and the lorentz force direction of the arc current is formed between the two arms of the U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet groups 23. The arc and the high-temperature gas are guided by the diversion inclined plane 33, respectively enter the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 through the first arc inlet 34 as shown in fig. 16-18, and enter the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 through the second arc inlet 35 as shown in fig. 18-20.
Fig. 21 is a schematic view of the arc entering opening of the arc extinguishing system and the moving direction of the air current, after the arc is generated from the arc generating area in the narrow slit structure 40, the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber through the first narrow slit structure 41 of the first arc entering opening 34 and the second narrow slit structure 42 of the second arc entering opening 35, and finally enters the arc extinguishing chamber respectively, as the arc moves into the arc extinguishing system 3, the space gradually increases, the arc and the air current resistance are reduced, and the arc and the high-temperature air enter the arc extinguishing chamber through the air blowing effect. A plurality of slot structures 40 constrain the arc diameter, reduce the arc energy, and simultaneously constrain the arc path. The arc is gradually elongated during movement within the slot structure 40 and then dispersed into two gradually widening first slot structures 41 and second slot structures 42, enhancing the diffusion and cooling of the arc and enhancing the dissociation effect. The elongated arc finally enters the arc extinguishing grid plate group 25 of each arc extinguishing chamber, and the arc is extinguished through cutting and cooling of the arc extinguishing grid plates.
Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of the current state at the initial stage of breaking. At the moment of starting breaking, the arc is not generated yet because the striking silver point 10 of the arc contact 9 is still in contact with the platform structure 29 of the static striking plate 28, thereby realizing the effect of conducting current, and the current direction is shown in fig. 27.
Fig. 28 is a schematic view of the current and arc movement during initial contact opening. At this time, the moving contact system 2 drives the arc contact 9 to rotate clockwise, an electric arc is generated between the striking silver point 10 of the arc contact 9 and the platform structure 29 of the static striking plate 28, the electric arc is in the narrow slit structures 40 at two sides of the arc contact 9, the gas producing plate 22 is cracked at high temperature to generate gas, a gas blowing effect is formed, and the electric arc moves to the inside of the arc extinguishing system 3 under the gas blowing effect. The U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet group 23 forms an enhanced magnetic field in "·" direction between the two arms of the "U-shape" by gathering the magnetic field induced in the "x" direction by the "U-shape" bottom thereof, and applies lorentz force moving toward the inside of the arc extinguishing system 3 to the arc to form a magnetic blowing effect, wherein "×" indicates the arrow tail, i.e., the direction inward in the vertical page direction, and "·" indicates the arrow, i.e., the direction outward in the vertical page direction.
Fig. 29 is a schematic diagram of current and arc movement in mid-break. At this time, the moving contact system 2 is gradually opened, and the generated arc moves to the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 partially through the first arc inlet 34 and moves to the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 partially through the second arc inlet 35 under the action of the air blowing and magnetic blowing effects.
Fig. 30 is a schematic view of the current and arc movement of the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 at the end of breaking, and fig. 31 is a schematic view of the current and arc movement of the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 at the end of breaking. At this time, the moving contact system 2 is basically completely opened, and the arcing contact 9 is electrically connected with the moving arcing plate 24, or the distance is smaller, so that the arcing contact 9 and the moving arcing plate 24 have basically the same potential, and an arc jump is easy to form.
In this embodiment, the electric arc entering the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 gradually enters the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 under the action of air blowing and magnetic blowing, is gradually elongated under the action of the static striking plate 28 and the first striking grid 31, and is cut by the arc extinguishing grid set 25. Since the stationary striking plate 28 is electrically connected to the stationary contact system 1, the resistance to arc movement and elongation is greatly reduced.
In this embodiment, the electric arc entering the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 gradually enters the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 under the action of air blowing and magnetic blowing, is gradually elongated under the action of the second arc striking grid sheet 32 and the movable arc striking plate 24, and is cut by the arc striking grid sheet group 25. Because the electric potential of the arc contact 9 is basically the same as that of the movable arc striking plate 24, the resistance of arc movement and elongation is greatly reduced. And the first striking grid sheet 31 is electrically connected with the second striking grid sheet 32, so that the resistance of arc movement and elongation is reduced. The electric arcs in the two arc extinguishing chambers are opposite in current direction, lorentz forces between the two arc extinguishing chambers are attractive to each other, the asynchronism of the electric arcs in the two chambers can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the grid sheet is improved. Meanwhile, the electric arc forms a series connection type in the two arc extinguishing chambers, so that the series connection of the static arc striking plate 28, the arc extinguishing grid sheet group 25, the first arc striking grid sheet 31, the second arc striking grid sheet 32, the arc extinguishing grid sheet group 25 and the electric arc current of the movable arc striking plate 24 is realized, a small-volume multi-grid series connection structure is realized, the breaking high-voltage electric arc capacity is improved, and meanwhile, the volume of the arc extinguishing system 3 is reduced. The narrow slit structures on two sides of the arc contact 9 avoid the situation that an electric field is too dispersed due to overlarge space, an electric arc field is more concentrated, an electric arc path is restrained, the utilization rate of a grid sheet is improved, the dissociation effect is improved, and the reduction of arc energy is facilitated.
Meanwhile, the arc contact 9 is matched with the narrow slit structures 40, the arc is gradually elongated in the movement process in the narrow slit structures 40 and then is dispersed into the two first narrow slit structures 41 and the second narrow slit structures 42 which are gradually widened, the diffusion and cooling of the arc are enhanced, the dissociation effect is improved, the arc diameter is restrained by the narrow slit structures 40, the arc energy is reduced, meanwhile, the arc path is restrained, the space behind the narrow slit structures 40 is gradually enlarged, the resistance of the arc movement is reduced, and after the arc is elongated by the narrow slit structures 40, the arc is easier to enter the arc extinguishing grid and is cut by the arc extinguishing grid. Longer arc extinguishing bars in the first arc extinguishing chamber 26 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 27 correspond to the shorter arc extinguishing bars and are arranged in parallel, the first arc inlet 34 and the second arc inlet 35 correspond to the longer arc extinguishing bars respectively, attraction of the arc extinguishing bars to arcs at the positions of the arc inlets is enhanced, meanwhile, residence time of initial arcs of the arc extinguishing chambers at the arc inlet on the arc extinguishing bars is prolonged, the delayed arcs elongated by the first arc striking bars 31 and the second arc striking bars 32 are cut by the arc extinguishing bars synchronously, and utilization rate of the arc extinguishing bars is improved.
The invention provides an arc extinguishing system which is applied to higher rated working voltage, can effectively reduce the volume of a circuit breaker, has the capacity of breaking full-voltage short-circuit current by a single pole, and greatly reduces the arcing distance. The narrow slit structure of the arc extinguishing system adopts a structure that single narrow slits are dispersed into two narrow slits, so that the arc length is increased to the maximum extent in a limited volume, the diameter of an arc can be compressed by the multi-narrow slit structure, the arc path is restrained, the utilization rate of a grid sheet is improved, and the dissociation effect is enhanced. The arc extinguishing system can be matched with the contact system, the contact system is isolated from the arc extinguishing system, the diameter of an arc is restrained through a narrow slit structure, so that an electric field of the arc is more concentrated, an arc path is restrained, and a concentrated induction magnetic field is easy to form. In addition, the invention adopts a mode of enhancing magnetic blowing and air blowing, improves the breaking effect of the critical load current of the breaker under the direct current condition, and has the advantage of no polarity. The arc extinguishing system can be applied to higher alternating current rated working voltage and has higher breaking capacity.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, which are intended to facilitate an understanding of the principles and concepts of the invention and are to be varied in scope and detail by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the teachings herein. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The arc extinguishing system and the contact system form a breaker, the contact system comprises a moving contact system and a fixed contact system, and the moving contact system comprises an arc contact, and the arc extinguishing system is characterized by comprising a bracket, a narrow slit structure which is arranged in front of the bracket and accommodates the arc contact, and an arc extinguishing chamber which is arranged behind the bracket;
the arc extinguishing chamber comprises a first arc extinguishing chamber and a second arc extinguishing chamber, wherein the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber are electrically isolated, a first arc extinguishing grid sheet group is arranged in the first arc extinguishing chamber, and a second arc extinguishing grid sheet group is arranged in the second arc extinguishing chamber;
The arc extinguishing device comprises a first arc extinguishing grid sheet group, a second arc extinguishing grid sheet group, a first narrow slit structure, a second narrow slit structure, a first arc extinguishing grid sheet group, a second arc extinguishing grid sheet group, a first arc extinguishing grid sheet group and a second arc extinguishing grid sheet group, wherein the narrow slit structure is a hollow structure in a narrow slit shape, a first narrow slit structure and a second narrow slit structure are separated from one end to the other end of the narrow slit structure, the first narrow slit structure and the second narrow slit structure are arranged in an angle mode, the first narrow slit structure and the second narrow slit structure face the first arc extinguishing grid sheet group and the second arc extinguishing grid sheet group respectively, and the narrow slit structure is used for enabling an arc generated at an arc contact to reach the first arc extinguishing grid sheet group and the second arc extinguishing grid sheet group along the two arc extinguishing channels after a circuit is disconnected;
the arc extinguishing system further comprises a first arc striking grid sheet and a second arc striking grid sheet;
The tail end of the first arc striking grid sheet is arranged at the top of the first arc extinguishing grid sheet group, the tail end of the second arc striking grid sheet is arranged at the bottom of the second arc extinguishing grid sheet group, and the starting end of the first arc striking grid sheet is overlapped with and electrically connected with the starting end of the second arc striking grid sheet;
the first arc striking grid sheet and the second arc striking grid sheet are respectively used for guiding an electric arc to the first arc extinguishing grid sheet group and the second arc extinguishing grid sheet group.
2. The arc extinguishing system of claim 1, further comprising a movable arc striking plate disposed on top of the second set of arc extinguishing bars, the movable arc striking plate being configured to direct an arc toward the second set of arc extinguishing bars.
3. The arc extinguishing system of claim 1, further comprising a static striking plate disposed at a bottom of the first arc extinguishing gate sheet group, the static striking plate being configured to connect to the static contact system.
4. An arc extinguishing system according to claim 3, wherein the static striking plate is provided with a platform structure, the platform structure is used for forming an arc generating area between the arc contact and the platform structure after contacting with the striking silver point of the arc contact, and the arc generating area is an area for generating an electric arc.
5. The arc extinguishing system according to claim 4, wherein a U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set is disposed below the platform structure, the U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set includes a U-shaped arm, the U-shaped arm is disposed on the support, and an opening of the U-shaped arm faces the slit structure, the arc generating region is located in a range of the U-shaped arm, and the U-shaped magnetic increasing sheet set is configured to form an induction magnetic field around the arc generating region, so that an arc generated by the arc generating region moves toward the slit structure under a magnetic force of the induction magnetic field.
6. The arc extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein the ends of the first and second arc extinguishing gate groups are each provided with a deflector, the ends of the deflector being provided with a gas pressure relief area for guiding residual arc and residual gas to the gas pressure relief area.
7. The arc extinguishing system of claim 1, further comprising a cover plate disposed on the support and positioned between the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber, the cover plate configured to increase the isolation between the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber.
8. The arc extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein the first arc extinguishing grid plate group and the second arc extinguishing grid plate group are arranged in an angle, and the included angle between the first arc extinguishing grid plate group and the second arc extinguishing grid plate group is 3-5 degrees.
9. The arc extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between the first slot structure and the second slot structure is 20 ° to 180 °.
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| CN202410667423.2A CN118398427B (en) | 2024-05-28 | 2024-05-28 | An arc extinguishing system |
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| CN202410667423.2A CN118398427B (en) | 2024-05-28 | 2024-05-28 | An arc extinguishing system |
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| CN119889953B (en) * | 2025-01-21 | 2025-09-09 | 河北宝凯电气股份有限公司 | Arc extinguishing system and electric switch |
| CN120511167A (en) * | 2025-07-22 | 2025-08-19 | 环宇高科有限公司 | A disconnector and its hybrid arc extinguishing system |
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| NL159524B (en) * | 1975-04-02 | 1979-02-15 | Hazemeijer Bv | ELECTRICAL SWITCH, SPARK GAP OR THE LIKE FITTED WITH AN ARC EXTINGUISHING DEVICE WITH SPIRAL OR SCREW-CURVED ARC FOOT GUIDES. |
| DE7540670U (en) * | 1975-12-20 | 1976-04-29 | Karl Pfisterer Elektrotechnische Spezialartikel, 7000 Stuttgart | Fire chamber for electrical switching devices, in particular fuse bases and circuit strips |
| ZA824849B (en) * | 1981-08-12 | 1983-11-30 | Northern Eng Ind | Circuit-breaker |
| FR2517465B1 (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1986-05-02 | Merlin Gerin | MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH TWO ADJUSTED SWITCHING CHAMBERS |
| US6060674A (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2000-05-09 | Eaton Corporation | Circuit interrupter with plasma arc acceleration chamber and contact arm housing |
| CN101251199A (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2008-08-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | A monostable permanent magnet hydraulic valve for a hydraulic spring operating mechanism |
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| CN106098459B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 浙江精开电气有限公司 | Breaker |
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| EP3557597B1 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2024-01-17 | ABB S.p.A. | Low-voltage circuit breaker |
| CN114664596B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2024-09-20 | 上海良信电器股份有限公司 | Bar switch |
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| CN104485267A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-01 | 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） | Contact arc extinguishing device for low voltage circuit breaker |
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