CN118353120A - Lithium battery management system and method - Google Patents
Lithium battery management system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118353120A CN118353120A CN202410376868.5A CN202410376868A CN118353120A CN 118353120 A CN118353120 A CN 118353120A CN 202410376868 A CN202410376868 A CN 202410376868A CN 118353120 A CN118353120 A CN 118353120A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/40—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data
- H02J7/44—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data between battery management systems and power sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/40—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data
- H02J7/443—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors
- H02J7/445—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors in response to measured battery parameters, e.g. voltage, current or temperature profile
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
- H02J7/61—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overcharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
- H02J7/63—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overdischarge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
- H02J7/65—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overtemperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
- H02J7/82—Control of state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/865—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/30—Charge provided using DC bus or data bus of a computer
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及锂电池技术领域，具体的说是锂电池管理系统及方法，包括电池组，所述电池组包括若干组相互串联的电池箱，还包括主控模块、以及若干组对应于电池箱的从控模块，若干组所述从控模块皆通过CAN总线与所述主控模块通信连接以构成星型拓扑结构。本发明改变传统的集中式电池模块结构，采用分布式管理系统，将若干个电池箱进行串联形成电池组，对每一个电池箱进行单独监测，可以更好地适应不同规模和配置的电池组，并且在故障发生时可以更容易地进行维修和更换；同时通过充放电管理模块以及热管理模块的设置，可有效避免电池在运行中出现过充、过放、过热等现象，保证电池运行安全，延长电池使用寿命。
The present invention relates to the field of lithium battery technology, and more specifically to a lithium battery management system and method, including a battery pack, wherein the battery pack includes a plurality of battery boxes connected in series, a master control module, and a plurality of slave control modules corresponding to the battery boxes, wherein the plurality of slave control modules are all connected to the master control module through a CAN bus to form a star topology. The present invention changes the traditional centralized battery module structure and adopts a distributed management system to connect a plurality of battery boxes in series to form a battery pack, and monitor each battery box individually, so as to better adapt to battery packs of different sizes and configurations, and can be repaired and replaced more easily when a fault occurs; at the same time, through the setting of a charge and discharge management module and a thermal management module, it can effectively avoid overcharging, overdischarging, overheating, etc. of the battery during operation, ensure the safe operation of the battery, and extend the battery life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a lithium battery management system and a management method of the lithium battery management system.
Background
The lithium battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, high energy efficiency, low maintenance, high charging speed and the like, and the Battery Management System (BMS) is used for intelligently managing and maintaining each battery unit, monitoring the state of the battery and preventing the battery from being overcharged and overdischarged so as to prolong the service life of the battery.
The general BMS is a centralized system, which concentrates all battery module information in one main controller for management and monitoring, if a single battery module is damaged, the whole system needs maintenance and replacement, which is inconvenient for management and maintenance, causes great difficulty for after-sales work, and particularly monitors and manages the battery pack with a large base number.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a lithium battery management system and a lithium battery management method, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
In one aspect, the application provides a lithium battery management system, which comprises a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of groups of battery boxes which are mutually connected in series, a main control module, a plurality of groups of slave control modules corresponding to the battery boxes, and the plurality of groups of slave control modules are all in communication connection with the main control module through a CAN bus to form a star topology structure.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the main control module comprises a measurement module for detecting the current amount of the battery pack bus and insulation detection before charging and discharging, wherein the measurement module comprises a current sensor electrically connected with the battery bus and a voltage sensor electrically connected with the battery bus, and whether the battery is in an insulation state is judged by comparing parameters of the voltage sensor with a preset insulation voltage interval.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the main control module further comprises a communication module, and the communication module is used for being crosslinked with the outside.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the slave control module comprises a data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage and the temperature of the battery cells in the battery box.
As a further technical scheme of the present invention, the slave control module includes a charge and discharge management module, where the charge and discharge management module is configured to power off when the charge or discharge of the battery reaches a limit value, so as to avoid overcharge or overdischarge of the battery, and determine whether the battery is powered off depends on the following formula:
SOCmax > SOC n＞SOCmin; if not, the power is cut off;
the SOCmax is a preset SOC upper limit threshold, the SOC n is a current SOC value, and the SOC min is a preset SOC lower limit threshold.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the calculation of the SOC n depends on the following formula:
Wherein, SOC n-1 is the last time SOC value, I bus is the bus current, discharging is positive, charging is negative, Q max is the maximum available capacity, and Δt is the time interval between SOC n-1 and SOC n. The slave control module further comprises a thermal management module, wherein the thermal management module is used for carrying out temperature regulation and control when the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal, when the temperature of the battery cell is higher than a preset upper temperature limit threshold value, the battery cell is cooled, and when the temperature of the battery cell is lower than a preset lower temperature limit threshold value, the battery cell is heated
On the other hand, the application also provides a management method of the lithium battery management system, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, acquiring current state parameters of a lithium battery;
S2, comparing the preset parameter threshold value with the current state parameter to judge whether the current state of the lithium battery is abnormal, and if so, entering S3;
s3, sending abnormal data to the terminal and giving an alarm
As a further technical solution of the present invention, in S1, the state parameters include a battery temperature, a battery power, a battery voltage, a battery charge-discharge current, a battery charge-discharge cycle number, and a battery charge-discharge state.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
in the application, the traditional centralized battery module structure is changed, a distributed management system is adopted, a plurality of battery boxes are connected in series to form a battery pack, each battery box is independently monitored, the battery pack with different scales and configurations can be better adapted, and the battery pack can be more easily maintained and replaced when faults occur.
According to the application, through the arrangement of the charge and discharge management module and the thermal management module, phenomena of overcharge, overdischarge, overheat and the like of the battery in operation can be effectively avoided, the operation safety of the battery is ensured, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a lithium battery management system.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the centralized structure of the lithium battery management system in the prior art, the application provides a distributed management system, a plurality of battery boxes are connected in series to form a battery pack, each battery box is monitored independently, the lithium battery management system can be better suitable for battery packs with different scales and configurations, and can be more easily maintained and replaced when faults occur.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a lithium battery management system; in fig. 1, the lithium battery management system comprises a battery pack, a main control module, a plurality of slave control modules and a plurality of control modules, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of groups of battery boxes which are mutually connected in series, the slave control modules correspond to the battery boxes, and the slave control modules are all in communication connection with the main control modules through a CAN bus to form a star topology structure; the corresponding slave control modules are corresponding to the battery boxes in number, each battery box is provided with the corresponding slave control module, when one of the slave control modules is damaged, the corresponding slave control module is only needed to be overhauled, the other slave control modules are not affected, when hardware is arranged, the plurality of groups of slave control modules can be arranged in parallel to correspond to the battery boxes, the distance of the sampling wire harness is uniform, the distribution is clear, and the detection is convenient during overhauling.
The main control module comprises a measurement module, wherein the measurement module is used for detecting the bus current quantity of the battery pack and detecting the insulation before charging and discharging; the measuring module generally measures the current quantity through a current sensor, the current sensor generally adopts a Hall sensor or a shunt, the Hall sensor or the shunt is installed on a bus of the battery pack and is connected with the main control module, collected current signals can be transmitted to the auxiliary control module through the main control module in real time, convenience is brought to calculation of the SOC value of the follow-up auxiliary control module, and insulation detection generally utilizes alternating current impedance inside a battery pack or compares voltage sensor parameters with a preset insulation voltage interval to judge whether the battery pack is in an insulation state or not.
The main control module further comprises a communication module, wherein the communication module is used for being crosslinked with the outside; the main control module CAN be connected with an external charger, a vehicle controller and the like through an external CAN bus by a communication module to form signal output, so that the vehicle controller CAN perform security treatment measures conveniently, and CAN be connected with an external terminal through RS232 to form a database by data record, wherein the terminal CAN be one of a vehicle-mounted terminal, a PC terminal and a handheld mobile terminal, and is not limited.
The slave control module comprises a data acquisition module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage and the temperature of an electric core in the battery box; for example, ADBMS chips are adopted to collect the voltage in the battery cell, and each 6815 chip is communicated with each other through SPI, and finally, the sampling value is transmitted to the BMS main board; with a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC), the higher the temperature the smaller the coefficient of the thermistor.
After the battery is in a full state, the battery is not powered off in time, and the overcharge phenomenon can occur when the battery is continuously charged, so that the conditions of the internal pressure of the battery, the deformation of the battery, the leakage of liquid and the like can occur due to the overcharge, and the performance of the battery can be obviously reduced and damaged; overdischarge means that the discharge is continued beyond the end voltage value of the discharge of the battery in the discharge process; the over-discharge can cause the rise of the internal pressure of the battery, the reversibility of the positive and negative active materials is damaged, and the capacity of the battery is obviously reduced;
In order to avoid the overcharge and discharge phenomena of the battery, the slave control module comprises a charge and discharge management module, wherein the charge and discharge management module is used for powering off when the charge or discharge of the battery reaches a limit value so as to avoid the overcharge or overdischarge of the battery, and judging whether the battery is powered off depends on the following formula:
SOCmax > SOC n＞SOCmin; if not, the power is cut off;
The SOCmax is a preset SOC upper limit threshold, the SOC n is a current SOC value, and the SOC min is a preset SOC lower limit threshold; when the current value of the SOC is larger than the upper limit threshold value or smaller than the lower limit threshold value, the current battery is judged to be in an overcharging or overdischarging state at the moment, and power-off is started.
The calculation of the SOC n depends on the following formula:
Wherein, SOC n-1 is the last time SOC value, I bus is the bus current, discharging is positive, charging is negative, Q max is the maximum available capacity, and Δt is the time interval between SOC n-1 and SOC n.
In a specific charging or discharging process, the charging and discharging management module monitors the SOC value at the current moment in real time, and when the SOC value is larger than a preset upper limit value or smaller than a preset lower limit value, the battery stops inputting or outputting at the moment, so that the battery is protected, and overcharge or overdischarge of the battery is avoided; for example, SOCmax is set to 95%, SOC min is set to 5%, when the SOC value is greater than 95%, the battery stops inputting at the moment, when the SOC value is less than 5%, the battery stops inputting at the moment.
The secondary control module further comprises a thermal management module, wherein the thermal management module is used for carrying out temperature regulation and control when the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal, when the temperature of the battery cell is higher than a preset upper temperature limit threshold value, the battery cell is subjected to cooling treatment, and when the temperature of the battery cell is lower than a preset lower temperature limit threshold value, the battery cell is subjected to heating treatment; when the temperature in the battery cell is abnormal, the thermal management module can heat or refrigerate to regulate the temperature in the battery cell; for example, when the battery is charged, the temperature in the battery core rises above a threshold value, and the thermal management module drives the water cooling device to cool the battery so as to control the temperature of the battery; the temperature raising treatment can be performed by adopting a physical heating mode, such as resistance heating, and the application does not limit the temperature excessively, and in the application, the temperature of the battery core is regulated and controlled through the thermal management module and the charge and discharge management module is matched, so that phenomena of overcharge, overdischarge, overheat and the like of the battery during operation can be avoided, the operation safety of the battery is ensured, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
The management method of the lithium battery management system comprises the following specific steps:
s1, acquiring current state parameters of a lithium battery;
the state parameters comprise battery temperature, battery power, battery voltage, battery charge-discharge current, battery charge-discharge cycle times and battery charge-discharge state.
S2, comparing the preset parameter threshold value with the current state parameter to judge whether the current state of the lithium battery is abnormal, and if so, entering S3;
s3, abnormal data are sent to the terminal and an alarm is sent.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (9)
1. The lithium battery management system comprises a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of groups of battery boxes which are mutually connected in series, and the lithium battery management system is characterized by further comprising a main control module and a plurality of groups of slave control modules corresponding to the battery boxes, wherein the plurality of groups of slave control modules are all in communication connection with the main control module through a CAN bus to form a star topology structure.
2. The lithium battery management system of claim 1, wherein: the main control module comprises a measurement module, wherein the measurement module is used for detecting the current amount of the battery pack bus and insulation detection before charging and discharging, the measurement module comprises a current sensor electrically connected with the battery bus and a voltage sensor electrically connected with the battery bus, and whether the battery is in an insulation state is judged by comparing parameters of the voltage sensor with a preset insulation voltage interval.
3. The lithium battery management system of claim 1, wherein: the main control module further comprises a communication module, and the communication module is used for being crosslinked with the outside.
4. The lithium battery management system of claim 2, wherein: the slave control module comprises a data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage and the temperature of the battery cell in the battery box.
5. The lithium battery management system of claim 1, wherein: the secondary control module comprises a charge and discharge management module, wherein the charge and discharge management module is used for powering off when the charge or discharge of the battery reaches a limit value so as to avoid the overcharge or overdischarge of the battery, and judging whether the battery is powered off depends on the following formula:
SOCmax > SOC n＞SOCmin; if not, the power is cut off;
the SOCmax is a preset SOC upper limit threshold, the SOC n is a current SOC value, and the SOC min is a preset SOC lower limit threshold.
6. The lithium battery management system of claim 5, wherein: the calculation of the SOC n depends on the following formula:
Wherein, SOC n-1 is the last time SOC value, I bus is the bus current, discharging is positive, charging is negative, Q max is the maximum available capacity, and Δt is the time interval between SOC n-1 and SOC n.
7. The lithium battery management system of claim 6, wherein: the secondary control module further comprises a thermal management module, wherein the thermal management module is used for carrying out temperature regulation and control when the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal, when the temperature of the battery cell is higher than a preset upper temperature limit threshold value, the battery cell is cooled, and when the temperature of the battery cell is lower than a preset lower temperature limit threshold value, the battery cell is heated.
8. The management method of a lithium battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, acquiring current state parameters of a lithium battery;
S2, comparing the preset parameter threshold value with the current state parameter to judge whether the current state of the lithium battery is abnormal, and if so, entering S3;
s3, abnormal data are sent to the terminal and an alarm is sent.
9. The management method of a lithium battery management system according to claim 8, wherein: in S1, the state parameters include a battery temperature, a battery power amount, a battery voltage, a battery charge-discharge current, a battery charge-discharge cycle number, and a battery charge-discharge state.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410376868.5A CN118353120A (en) | 2024-03-29 | 2024-03-29 | Lithium battery management system and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119725804A (en) * | 2024-12-04 | 2025-03-28 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | A battery management method for a DC high voltage constant power energy storage device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119725804A (en) * | 2024-12-04 | 2025-03-28 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | A battery management method for a DC high voltage constant power energy storage device |
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